CN114701160B - Additive manufacturing integrated device and method capable of realizing supportless forming - Google Patents
Additive manufacturing integrated device and method capable of realizing supportless forming Download PDFInfo
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- CN114701160B CN114701160B CN202111531853.4A CN202111531853A CN114701160B CN 114701160 B CN114701160 B CN 114701160B CN 202111531853 A CN202111531853 A CN 202111531853A CN 114701160 B CN114701160 B CN 114701160B
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- forming cylinder
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- molding
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000007853 buffer solution Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000005486 microgravity Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/141—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials
- B29C64/153—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials using layers of powder being selectively joined, e.g. by selective laser sintering or melting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C64/205—Means for applying layers
- B29C64/214—Doctor blades
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C64/245—Platforms or substrates
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C64/255—Enclosures for the building material, e.g. powder containers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B29C64/364—Conditioning of environment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B29C64/386—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
- B29C64/393—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
- B33Y50/02—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Abstract
The invention relates to an integrated device and a method for manufacturing additive, which can realize unsupported forming, wherein the device comprises a forming cylinder, a scraper component, a forming cylinder limiting plate, a first movement device, a forming cylinder buffer component, a guide polished rod, a rotating disc, a forming cylinder connecting rod and a second movement device; one end of a forming cylinder connecting rod is fixed on the rotary disk, and the other end of the forming cylinder connecting rod is movably connected with the forming cylinder; the forming cylinder can freely fall on the guide polished rod; the scraper component and the forming cylinder limiting plate are connected with a first movement device, and the first movement device can drive the scraper component and the forming cylinder limiting plate to move in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the guide polish rod; the forming cylinder buffer assembly is connected with the second movement device, and the second movement device can drive the forming cylinder buffer assembly to move in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the guide polished rod. The invention solves the problems of complex post-treatment process, powder waste and difficult treatment of the support which remains in the cavity inside the workpiece caused by the need of forming support in the prior art.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of additive manufacturing, in particular to an integrated device and method for additive manufacturing, which can realize unsupported forming.
Background
In the field of additive manufacturing, for a considerable part of types of workpieces, according to the traditional additive manufacturing process due to the existence of gravity, the additive manufacturing equipment needs to use layering slicing software to support the workpieces before the workpieces are formed, and supports are formed simultaneously in the process of forming the workpieces, so that the workpieces are subjected to a series of post-treatment operations to treat supports attached to the outside or the inside of the workpieces after the workpieces are formed. If the support is all arranged outside the workpiece, the support attached to the outside of the workpiece can be processed through a series of complicated cutting, polishing and other operations, so that the post-processing flow after the workpiece is molded is excessively complicated, time and labor are consumed, and the support trace on the surface of the workpiece can not be completely removed even after long-time polishing; if the support is arranged in a workpiece with a cavity, no effective method is available at present for completely removing the support in the workpiece on the premise of not damaging the workpiece, so that the forming quality of the workpiece is seriously affected, the using function of the workpiece is greatly affected, and meanwhile, more powder is wasted due to the fact that the support is required to be formed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an additive manufacturing integrated device and method capable of realizing unsupported forming, which solve the problems that the existing additive manufacturing process needs forming support, the post-treatment process is complex, powder is wasted and the support of a cavity in a workpiece is extremely difficult to be disposed.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides an additive manufacturing integrated device capable of realizing unsupported forming, which comprises a forming cylinder, a scraper component, a forming cylinder limiting plate, a first movement device, a forming cylinder buffer component, a guiding polished rod, a rotating disk, a forming cylinder connecting rod and a second movement device; one end of a forming cylinder connecting rod is fixed on the rotary disk to drive the forming cylinder connecting rod to rotate in a vertical plane, and the other end of the forming cylinder connecting rod is movably connected with the forming cylinder; the forming cylinder is sleeved on the guide polish rod through the guide base seat and can freely fall on the guide polish rod; the scraper component and the forming cylinder limiting plate are connected with a first movement device, and the first movement device can drive the scraper component and the forming cylinder limiting plate to move in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the guide polish rod; the forming cylinder buffer assembly is connected with the second movement device, and the second movement device can drive the forming cylinder buffer assembly to move in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the guide polished rod.
The additive manufacturing integrated device capable of realizing the unsupported forming is characterized in that the top end surface of the forming cylinder is a powder paving platform, and a protruding plane is arranged on one side of the top end surface of the forming cylinder, which faces the scraper component; a powder storage bin is arranged in the forming cylinder, and a powder storage bin opening is formed in one side of the top end surface of the forming cylinder, which is far away from the scraper component; the surface of the forming cylinder facing the scraper component is provided with a clamping groove for clamping the forming cylinder limiting plate.
The additive manufacturing integrated device capable of realizing the unsupported forming comprises a forming cylinder buffer assembly, a forming cylinder buffer base, a rotating shaft, a limiting nail, a spring and a limiting nail fixing plate; the limiting nail is arranged on the buffer base of the forming cylinder through a rotating shaft, and can rotate around the rotating shaft; one end of the spring is fixed on the forming cylinder buffer base, and the limit nail fixing plate is arranged at the other end of the spring; the limiting nail fixing plate is provided with an inserting hole.
The additive manufacturing integrated device capable of realizing the unsupported forming comprises a first sliding rail, a first sliding block, a scraper connecting bracket, a second sliding block and a forming cylinder limiting plate connecting bracket; the scraper component is fixed on the first sliding block through a scraper connecting bracket; the molding cylinder limiting plate is fixed on the second sliding block through a molding cylinder limiting plate connecting bracket; the first sliding block and the second sliding block are both in sliding connection with the first sliding rail.
The additive manufacturing integrated device capable of realizing the unsupported forming comprises a second sliding rail, a third sliding block and a forming cylinder buffer base connecting bracket; the second sliding rail is fixed on the support through a screw; the forming cylinder buffer base is fixed on the third sliding block through a forming cylinder buffer base connecting bracket; the third sliding block is in sliding connection with the second sliding rail.
The additive manufacturing integrated device capable of realizing the unsupported forming is characterized in that one end of a forming cylinder connecting rod, which is far away from the rotating disc, is connected with the forming cylinder, so that the forming cylinder is positioned at the upper end of the guide polished rod; the forming cylinder connecting rod is separated from the forming cylinder, the forming cylinder freely falls along the guide polished rod until contacting with the forming cylinder buffer component, and the spring of the forming cylinder buffer component is compressed; when the speed of the forming cylinder is reduced to 0 by the forming cylinder buffer assembly, the forming cylinder limiting plate moves into the clamping groove of the forming cylinder to limit the movement of the forming cylinder in the vertical direction, and meanwhile, the limiting nail of the forming cylinder buffer assembly rotates and is inserted into the inserting hole of the limiting nail fixing plate, so that the forming cylinder is prevented from shaking; the molding cylinder connecting rod is connected with the molding cylinder again, the molding cylinder buffer assembly is moved until the molding cylinder buffer assembly is separated from the molding cylinder, and the molding cylinder limiting plate is moved, so that the molding cylinder limiting plate is separated from the clamping groove of the molding cylinder; the rotary disk drives the forming cylinder connecting rod to drive the forming cylinder to move to the upper end of the guide polish rod again; the forming cylinder buffer assembly moves to the position right below the forming cylinder, the limiting nails of the forming cylinder buffer assembly rotate to be separated from the limiting nail fixing plate, and the springs of the forming cylinder buffer assembly extend to a natural state.
The material-increasing manufacturing integrated device capable of realizing the unsupported forming is characterized in that the light path system is arranged above the forming cylinder and is a variable-focus light path system, and the light path system can be always focused on a scanning plane in the falling process of the forming cylinder, so that the light spot energy is kept consistent in the falling process of the forming cylinder.
The additive manufacturing integrated device capable of realizing the unsupported forming is characterized in that the guide polish rod is a length-adjustable guide polish rod.
The invention provides another technical scheme that an additive manufacturing method uses the additive manufacturing integrated device capable of realizing unsupported forming, and the method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) The guide base seat of the forming cylinder is sleeved on the guide polished rod, and the central controller controls one end of the connecting rod of the forming cylinder, which is far away from the rotating disc, to be connected with the forming cylinder, so that the forming cylinder is positioned at the upper end of the guide polished rod;
(2) The central controller controls the forming cylinder connecting rod to be separated from the forming cylinder, the forming cylinder freely falls until contacting with the forming cylinder buffer assembly, after the forming cylinder buffer assembly reduces the speed of the forming cylinder to 0, the central controller controls the forming cylinder limiting plate to move into the clamping groove of the forming cylinder, so that the forming cylinder cannot move in the vertical direction, and meanwhile, the central controller controls the limiting nail of the forming cylinder buffer assembly to rotate and to be inserted into the inserting hole of the limiting nail fixing plate, so that the forming cylinder is prevented from shaking;
(3) Powder in the external powder bin falls on the protruding plane of the forming cylinder through the powder feeding system, the central controller controls the scraper component to move to finish one-time powder spreading operation, and redundant powder enters the powder storage bin;
(4) Judging whether the current powder layer scanning needs to be performed in a microgravity environment by process software, if so, executing the step (5); if not, the central controller controls the light path system above the forming cylinder to focus on the current powder layer plane to start printing, and the step (6) is executed after the scanning is finished;
(5) The central controller controls the forming cylinder connecting rod to rotate anticlockwise and be connected with the forming cylinder, controls the forming cylinder buffer assembly to move until the forming cylinder is separated from the forming cylinder, and controls the forming cylinder limiting plate to move so that the forming cylinder limiting plate is separated from the clamping groove of the forming cylinder; then the rotary disk drives the forming cylinder connecting rod to rotate clockwise to drive the forming cylinder to move to the high position again; the central controller controls the forming cylinder buffer assembly to move to the position right below the forming cylinder and controls the limiting nails of the forming cylinder buffer assembly to rotate to be separated from the limiting nail fixing plate, and at the moment, the springs of the forming cylinder buffer assembly extend to a natural state;
the central controller controls the forming cylinder connecting rod to separate from the forming cylinder, the forming cylinder freely falls, and in the falling process of the forming cylinder, the optical path system above the forming cylinder performs variable-focus single-layer scanning according to a preset scanning strategy;
the forming cylinder falls until contacting with the forming cylinder buffer assembly, when the speed of the forming cylinder is reduced to 0, the central controller controls the forming cylinder limiting plate to move into the clamping groove of the forming cylinder, controls the limiting nail of the forming cylinder buffer assembly to rotate and inserts into the inserting hole of the limiting nail fixing plate;
(6) And (3) judging whether the workpiece is manufactured or not by the process software, if so, ending the forming process, otherwise, returning to the step (3), paving the powder again, and entering the next layer of scanning.
According to the additive manufacturing method, the length of the guide optical rod is adjusted according to the length of the scanning time, so that layer scanning is completed in the falling process of the forming cylinder.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial technical effects that:
the invention provides an integrated device and a method for manufacturing an additive, which can realize unsupported forming, can simulate a microgravity environment and realize additive manufacturing in the microgravity environment, so that the unsupported forming of a workpiece can be realized, compared with the existing supported additive manufacturing mode, the post-treatment flow of the workpiece after forming, such as support cutting, support polishing and the like, can be simplified, powder waste caused by forming support can be avoided, and finally the problem that the cavity support in the workpiece cannot be effectively removed can be avoided.
Drawings
The present invention provides an integrated apparatus and method for additive manufacturing that can achieve unsupported molding, as illustrated in the following examples and figures.
FIG. 1 is a general diagram of an additive manufacturing integrated device that can achieve unsupported molding in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a back view of an additive manufacturing integrated device that can achieve unsupported molding in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a state diagram of the integrated device forming cylinder at a high point in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a state diagram of the integrated device forming cylinder at a low point in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The integrated apparatus and method for additive manufacturing that enables unsupported forming of the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to FIGS. 1-4.
FIG. 1 is a general diagram of an additive manufacturing integrated device that can achieve unsupported molding in accordance with an embodiment of the invention; FIG. 2 illustrates a back view of an additive manufacturing integrated device that can achieve unsupported molding in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the additive manufacturing integrated device capable of realizing the unsupported forming of the present embodiment includes a forming cylinder 1, a doctor assembly 5, a forming cylinder limiting plate 8, a first moving device, a forming cylinder buffer assembly, a guide polished rod 17, a rotating disk 18, a forming cylinder connecting rod 19, and a second moving device;
one end of a forming cylinder connecting rod 19 is fixed on a rotary disc 18, the rotary disc 18 is driven by a servo motor to drive the forming cylinder connecting rod 19 to rotate in a vertical plane, and the other end of the forming cylinder connecting rod 19 is movably connected with the forming cylinder 1;
the back of the forming cylinder 1 is provided with a guide base 20, the guide base 20 is sleeved on the guide polish rod 17, and no friction exists between the guide base 20 and the guide polish rod 17 basically;
the first movement means are fixed to a support (not shown) and do not interfere with the movement of the forming cylinder 1 in the vertical direction (i.e. parallel to the direction of the axis of the guiding polished rod 17); the scraper component 5 and the forming cylinder limiting plate 8 are connected with a first movement device, and the first movement device can drive the scraper component 5 and the forming cylinder limiting plate 8 to move in a direction vertical to the vertical direction;
the forming cylinder buffer assembly is connected with a second movement device, and the second movement device can drive the forming cylinder buffer assembly to move in a direction perpendicular to the vertical direction; the second movement device is fixedly connected to the support.
The top end surface 103 of the forming cylinder 1 is a powder spreading platform, and a protruding plane 101 is arranged on one side (defined as the right side) of the top end surface of the forming cylinder 1 facing the scraper component 5; a powder storage bin is arranged in the forming cylinder 1, and a powder storage bin opening 102 is arranged on one side (defined as the left side) of the top end surface of the forming cylinder 1, which is far away from the scraper component 5; a clamping groove is arranged on the right side surface (namely the surface facing the scraper component 5) of the forming cylinder 1 and is used for clamping the forming cylinder limiting plate 8, and the clamping groove is positioned below the protruding plane 101;
the first movement device comprises a first sliding rail 2, a first sliding block 3, a scraper connecting support 4, a second sliding block 6 and a forming cylinder limiting plate connecting support 7; the first sliding rail 2 is fixed on the support through a screw; the scraper component 5 is fixed on the first sliding block 3 through the scraper connecting bracket 4; the molding cylinder limiting plate 8 is fixed on the second sliding block 6 through a molding cylinder limiting plate connecting bracket 7; the first sliding block 3 and the second sliding block 6 are both in sliding connection with the first sliding rail 2, and the scraper component 5 and the forming cylinder limiting plate 8 can respectively realize left-right movement on the first sliding rail 2.
The first sliding block 3 and the second sliding block 6 are arranged in parallel and can move left and right on the first sliding rail 2, the first sliding block 3 and the second sliding block 6 can keep synchronous movement and can also move at different speeds, and a specific driving mode can adopt a lead screw nut, a synchronous belt synchronous wheel and the like.
The forming cylinder buffer assembly comprises a forming cylinder buffer base 12, a rotating shaft 13, a limit nail 14, a spring 15 and a limit nail fixing plate 16; the limiting nail 14 is arranged on the forming cylinder buffer base 12 through the rotating shaft 13, and the limiting nail 14 can rotate around the rotating shaft 13; one end of a spring 15 is fixed on the forming cylinder buffer base 12, and a limit nail fixing plate 16 is arranged at the other end of the spring 15; in this embodiment, the two limiting nails 14 and the two rotating shafts 13 are two, and the two limiting nails 14 are respectively installed on the forming cylinder buffer base 12 through the two rotating shafts 13 and are respectively located at two sides of the spring 15. The limiting nail fixing plate 16 is provided with a jack.
The second movement device comprises a second sliding rail 9, a third sliding block 10 and a forming cylinder buffer base connecting bracket 11; the second sliding rail 9 is fixed on the support by a screw; the forming cylinder buffer base 12 is fixed on the third slide block 10 through a forming cylinder buffer base connecting bracket 11; the third sliding block 10 is in sliding connection with the second sliding rail 9, and the forming cylinder buffer assembly can move left and right on the second sliding rail 9. The third slider 10 can be specifically driven by a screw nut, a synchronous belt synchronous wheel, or the like.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the integrated device forming cylinder at a high point in an embodiment of the present invention; fig. 4 is a view showing a state in which the integrated device forming cylinder is at a low point in the embodiment of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the method for manufacturing the additive by using the above-mentioned integrated device for manufacturing the additive by using the support-free molding comprises the following specific steps:
(1) The guide base 20 of the forming cylinder 1 is sleeved on the guide polish rod 17, one end of the connecting rod 19 of the forming cylinder, which is far away from the rotating shaft of the rotating disc 18, is controlled by the central controller to be connected with the forming cylinder 1, so that the forming cylinder 1 is positioned at the upper end of the guide polish rod 17, and the forming cylinder 1 is positioned at a high point at the moment, as shown in fig. 3;
(2) The central controller controls the forming cylinder connecting rod 19 to be separated from the forming cylinder 1, the forming cylinder 1 starts to fall, and one end of the forming cylinder connecting rod 19, which is far away from the rotating shaft of the rotating disc 18, is still at a high position, and at the moment, the forming cylinder 1 only receives gravity and extremely small friction force, namely, the falling motion of the forming cylinder 1 can be regarded as free falling motion; the forming cylinder 1 falls until contacting with the forming cylinder buffer assembly, after the forming cylinder buffer assembly reduces the speed of the forming cylinder 1 to 0, the central controller controls the forming cylinder limiting plate 6 to move into the clamping groove on the right side of the forming cylinder 1, so that the forming cylinder 1 cannot move in the vertical direction, and meanwhile, the central controller controls the limiting nail 14 of the forming cylinder buffer assembly to rotate and to be inserted into the jack of the limiting nail fixing plate 16, so that the forming cylinder 1 is prevented from shaking, as shown in fig. 4;
(3) Powder in the external powder bin falls on the protruding plane 101 of the forming cylinder 1 through the powder feeding system, the central controller controls the scraper component 5 to move left and right to finish one-time powder spreading operation, and redundant powder enters the powder storage bin;
(4) Judging whether the current powder layer scanning needs to be performed in a microgravity environment by process software, if so, executing the step (5); if not, the central controller controls the light path system above the forming cylinder 1 to focus on the current powder layer plane to start printing, and the step (6) is executed after the scanning is finished;
(5) The central controller controls the forming cylinder connecting rod 19 to rotate anticlockwise and be connected with the forming cylinder 1, controls the forming cylinder buffer assembly to move to the rightmost side, and controls the forming cylinder limiting plate 8 to be separated from the right clamping groove of the forming cylinder 1 and move to the rightmost side; then the rotary disk drives the forming cylinder connecting rod 19 to rotate clockwise to drive the forming cylinder 1 to move to the high position again; the central controller controls the forming cylinder buffer assembly to move leftwards to the right below the forming cylinder 1, and controls the limiting nails 14 of the forming cylinder buffer assembly to rotate to be separated from the limiting nail fixing plates 16, and at the moment, the springs 15 of the forming cylinder buffer assembly are stretched to a natural state;
the central controller controls the forming cylinder connecting rod 19 to be separated from the forming cylinder 1, the forming cylinder 1 starts to fall, and in the falling process of the forming cylinder 1, a light path system above the forming cylinder 1 performs variable-focus single-layer scanning according to a preset scanning strategy; the length of the guide polish rod 17 can be adjusted according to the scanning time, so that the layer of scanning is completed in the falling process of the forming cylinder 1; the optical path system is a variable-focus optical path system, and can be always focused on a scanning plane in the falling process of the forming cylinder 1, so that the light spot energy is kept consistent in the falling process of the forming cylinder 1;
the forming cylinder 1 falls until contacting with the forming cylinder buffer assembly, when the speed of the forming cylinder 1 is reduced to 0, the central controller controls the forming cylinder limiting plate to move 8 into the clamping groove on the right side of the forming cylinder 1, controls the limiting nail 14 of the forming cylinder buffer assembly to rotate, and inserts into the jack of the limiting nail fixing plate 16;
(6) And (3) judging whether the workpiece is manufactured or not by the process software, if so, ending the forming process, otherwise, returning to the step (3), paving the powder again, and entering the next layer of scanning.
Claims (10)
1. The additive manufacturing integrated device capable of realizing unsupported forming is characterized by comprising a forming cylinder, a scraper component, a forming cylinder limiting plate, a first movement device, a forming cylinder buffer component, a guide polished rod, a rotating disk, a forming cylinder connecting rod and a second movement device;
one end of a forming cylinder connecting rod is fixed on the rotary disk to drive the forming cylinder connecting rod to rotate in a vertical plane, and the other end of the forming cylinder connecting rod is movably connected with the forming cylinder;
the forming cylinder is sleeved on the guide polish rod through the guide base seat and can freely fall on the guide polish rod; the top end surface of the forming cylinder is a powder spreading platform;
the scraper component and the forming cylinder limiting plate are connected with a first movement device, and the first movement device can drive the scraper component and the forming cylinder limiting plate to move in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the guide polish rod;
the forming cylinder buffer assembly is connected with the second movement device, and the second movement device can drive the forming cylinder buffer assembly to move in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the guide polished rod.
2. An additive manufacturing integrated device enabling supportless forming as claimed in claim 1, wherein the top end of the forming cylinder is provided with a protruding plane towards the side of the doctor assembly; a powder storage bin is arranged in the forming cylinder, and a powder storage bin opening is formed in one side of the top end surface of the forming cylinder, which is far away from the scraper component; the surface of the forming cylinder facing the scraper component is provided with a clamping groove for clamping the forming cylinder limiting plate.
3. The additive manufacturing integrated device capable of realizing the supportless molding of claim 2, wherein the molding cylinder buffer assembly comprises a molding cylinder buffer base, a rotating shaft, a limit pin, a spring and a limit pin fixing plate; the limiting nail is arranged on the buffer base of the forming cylinder through a rotating shaft, and can rotate around the rotating shaft; one end of the spring is fixed on the forming cylinder buffer base, and the limit nail fixing plate is arranged at the other end of the spring; the limiting nail fixing plate is provided with an inserting hole.
4. The additive manufacturing integrated device capable of realizing supportless molding of claim 1, wherein the first movement device comprises a first slide rail, a first slide block, a scraper connecting bracket, a second slide block and a molding cylinder limit plate connecting bracket; the scraper component is fixed on the first sliding block through a scraper connecting bracket; the molding cylinder limiting plate is fixed on the second sliding block through a molding cylinder limiting plate connecting bracket; the first sliding block and the second sliding block are both in sliding connection with the first sliding rail.
5. The additive manufacturing integrated device capable of realizing supportless molding of claim 1, wherein the second motion device comprises a second slide rail, a third slide block and a molding cylinder buffer base connecting bracket; the second sliding rail is fixed on the support through a screw; the forming cylinder buffer base is fixed on the third sliding block through a forming cylinder buffer base connecting bracket; the third sliding block is in sliding connection with the second sliding rail.
6. An additive manufacturing integrated device capable of realizing unsupported forming as claimed in claim 3, wherein one end of the forming cylinder connecting rod, which is far away from the rotary disc, is connected with the forming cylinder, so that the forming cylinder is positioned at the upper end of the guide polished rod;
the forming cylinder connecting rod is separated from the forming cylinder, the forming cylinder freely falls along the guide polished rod until contacting with the forming cylinder buffer component, and the spring of the forming cylinder buffer component is compressed; when the speed of the forming cylinder is reduced to 0 by the forming cylinder buffer assembly, the forming cylinder limiting plate moves into the clamping groove of the forming cylinder to limit the movement of the forming cylinder in the vertical direction, and meanwhile, the limiting nail of the forming cylinder buffer assembly rotates and is inserted into the inserting hole of the limiting nail fixing plate, so that the forming cylinder is prevented from shaking;
the molding cylinder connecting rod is connected with the molding cylinder again, the molding cylinder buffer assembly is moved until the molding cylinder buffer assembly is separated from the molding cylinder, and the molding cylinder limiting plate is moved, so that the molding cylinder limiting plate is separated from the clamping groove of the molding cylinder; the rotary disk drives the forming cylinder connecting rod to drive the forming cylinder to move to the upper end of the guide polish rod again; the forming cylinder buffer assembly moves to the position right below the forming cylinder, the limiting nails of the forming cylinder buffer assembly rotate to be separated from the limiting nail fixing plate, and the springs of the forming cylinder buffer assembly extend to a natural state.
7. The additive manufacturing integrated device capable of realizing unsupported forming of claim 6, wherein the optical path system is arranged above the forming cylinder, the optical path system is a variable-focus optical path system, and the optical path system can be always focused on a scanning plane in the falling process of the forming cylinder, so that the light spot energy is kept consistent in the falling process of the forming cylinder.
8. The additive manufacturing integrated device capable of realizing unsupported forming of claim 1, wherein the guiding polish rod is a length-adjustable guiding polish rod.
9. Additive manufacturing method, characterized in that an additive manufacturing integrated device enabling unsupported forming is used according to any of claims 1 to 8, the method comprising the specific steps of:
(1) The guide base seat of the forming cylinder is sleeved on the guide polished rod, and the central controller controls one end of the connecting rod of the forming cylinder, which is far away from the rotating disc, to be connected with the forming cylinder, so that the forming cylinder is positioned at the upper end of the guide polished rod;
(2) The central controller controls the forming cylinder connecting rod to be separated from the forming cylinder, the forming cylinder freely falls until contacting with the forming cylinder buffer assembly, after the forming cylinder buffer assembly reduces the speed of the forming cylinder to 0, the central controller controls the forming cylinder limiting plate to move into the clamping groove of the forming cylinder, so that the forming cylinder cannot move in the vertical direction, and meanwhile, the central controller controls the limiting nail of the forming cylinder buffer assembly to rotate and to be inserted into the inserting hole of the limiting nail fixing plate, so that the forming cylinder is prevented from shaking;
(3) Powder in the external powder bin falls on the protruding plane of the forming cylinder through the powder feeding system, the central controller controls the scraper component to move to finish one-time powder spreading operation, and redundant powder enters the powder storage bin;
(4) Judging whether the current powder layer scanning needs to be performed in a microgravity environment by process software, if so, executing the step (5); if not, the central controller controls the light path system above the forming cylinder to focus on the current powder layer plane to start printing, and the step (6) is executed after the scanning is finished;
(5) The central controller controls the forming cylinder connecting rod to rotate anticlockwise and be connected with the forming cylinder, controls the forming cylinder buffer assembly to move until the forming cylinder is separated from the forming cylinder, and controls the forming cylinder limiting plate to move so that the forming cylinder limiting plate is separated from the clamping groove of the forming cylinder; then the rotary disk drives the forming cylinder connecting rod to rotate clockwise to drive the forming cylinder to move to the high position again; the central controller controls the forming cylinder buffer assembly to move to the position right below the forming cylinder and controls the limiting nails of the forming cylinder buffer assembly to rotate to be separated from the limiting nail fixing plate, and at the moment, the springs of the forming cylinder buffer assembly extend to a natural state;
the central controller controls the forming cylinder connecting rod to separate from the forming cylinder, the forming cylinder freely falls, and in the falling process of the forming cylinder, the optical path system above the forming cylinder performs variable-focus single-layer scanning according to a preset scanning strategy;
the forming cylinder falls until contacting with the forming cylinder buffer assembly, when the speed of the forming cylinder is reduced to 0, the central controller controls the forming cylinder limiting plate to move into the clamping groove of the forming cylinder, controls the limiting nail of the forming cylinder buffer assembly to rotate and inserts into the inserting hole of the limiting nail fixing plate;
(6) And (3) judging whether the workpiece is manufactured or not by the process software, if so, ending the forming process, otherwise, returning to the step (3), paving the powder again, and entering the next layer of scanning.
10. Additive manufacturing method according to claim 9, characterized in that the length of the guiding beam is adjusted according to the length of the scanning time so that the layer scanning is completed during the falling of the forming cylinder.
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