CN114699154A - Self-adaptive nail plate assembly for fracture fixation - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a self-adaptive nail plate component for fracture fixation, which comprises a steel plate, fixing holes and fixing nails, wherein at least two round holes are longitudinally distributed at one end of the steel plate, at least two longitudinal strip-shaped holes are longitudinally distributed at the other end of the steel plate, a common fixing nail fixed with the near end of a fracture is assembled in the round hole, a sliding nail fixed with the far end of the fracture is assembled in each longitudinal strip-shaped hole, and a continuous pushing part for driving the sliding nail to approach to the near end is arranged at the far end position of each longitudinal strip-shaped hole. The application of the nail plate component has the characteristics of simple operation and short learning period, and can effectively solve the problem of bone resorption in the recovery period after the butt joint of broken bones, so that when the gap exists on the butt joint surface due to the bone resorption, the elastic structure can always press two sections of fracture parts together, and the influence on normal recovery due to the occurrence of larger bone seam is prevented.

Description

Self-adaptive nail plate assembly for fracture fixation

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of fracture fixation instruments, and particularly relates to a self-adaptive nail plate assembly with elastic jacking function for fracture fixation.

Background

The fixing modes for the fracture are steel plate fixing and intramedullary nail fixing, the intramedullary nail mode accords with the minimally invasive principle, but the operation is difficult, the study is difficult, the distal end of the intramedullary nail is difficult to lock, the two modes of the reduction part closing and the limited incision are not anatomic reduction, the healing is not healed and delayed, and the pressure of a patient is higher. On the other hand, because the intramedullary nail is in a linear type fixing mode, the intramedullary nail fixing mode cannot be well solved aiming at irregular bones with large curvature, such as clavicle, radius and the like. Moreover, the problem of bone resorption exists in the recovery period after the butt joint of broken bones, which affects the normal recovery.

Although the wound of the steel plate is large, the steel plate has the advantages of simple operation, short learning cycle and the like, is widely used in the field of orthopedics all the time, and is still generally fixed by the steel plate for parts which cannot be fixed by the intramedullary nail.

At present, a common steel plate (bone fracture plate) is directly provided with a series of round holes and is fixed by matching with a fixing nail. When in use, the steel plate is stretched across the far end and the near end of the fracture, and the self-tapping fixing nails are respectively installed in the corresponding round holes by a drilling tool and screwed into the bone, so that the two ends of the steel plate are respectively fixed at the outer sides of the far end and the near end of the fracture. The fixing mode can firmly connect two sections of fracture in the early stage after the operation, but in the fracture rehabilitation period, the bone absorption phenomenon can occur due to the growth of the bone seam, the bone absorption can cause a large bone seam to appear at the butt joint position, so that the problem that the two sections of fracture can not contact with each other possibly is possibly caused, and the further rehabilitation is influenced. Because of bone absorption leads to the seam to dock unsuccessfully to grow and need carry out the secondary operation once more and carry out the steel sheet and fix, because still need add the plaster bandage fixed in the convalescence, the steel sheet state that is located the inside plaster bandage is difficult to be known and intervene by medical personnel, in case the unable butt joint problem of seam appears, can prolong the recovery period, influences the normal recovery moreover.

In addition, the existing fracture part is rigidly fixed by a steel plate, and the problem of broken nail and plate is often caused by stress shielding and other phenomena.

An elastic bone fracture plate capable of reducing stress and promoting fracture healing is disclosed as CN 208081292U, wherein the upper surface of a support plate is provided with four first uniformly distributed bar-shaped through holes, two ends of the inner side surface of the support plate are respectively provided with a fixing plate, the two support plates are provided with two blocks and fixedly connected through the fixing plates, the upper surface of the fixing plate is provided with a circular through hole, a third steel nail is inserted into the circular through hole, the inner side surface of the fixing plate is provided with an elastic clamping plate which is movably clamped with the elastic plate through a rectangular through groove, the rectangular through groove is positioned on the side surface of the elastic plate, the rectangular through groove is internally provided with a spring, the side surface of the elastic clamping plate corresponding to the spring is provided with a clamping groove, the scheme ignores that the steel plate still needs enough constraint strength and force when the stress is reduced, the scheme adopts an inner and outer sleeving sliding relationship, the structure is complex, more kits are difficult to realize and apply, the existing bone fracture plate is a solid steel plate, the problem of broken nails and broken plates still occurs, the complex structure and the fine assembly relation of the scheme are difficult to bear strong supporting constraint force, or larger size is needed, so that the problem that the existing bone fracture plate is difficult to be clinically applied is solved, the scheme especially needs a plurality of round holes and flat holes along the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction and is parallel and parallel in design, so that the existing bone fracture plate cannot be applied to slender fracture parts such as thighbones, forearms, ulna and radius, the scheme needs to be provided with smaller locking nails due to the limitation of the volume proportion, the integral fixing strength is weak, and the existing bone fracture plate has no practical application value.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems that self-adaptive adjustment cannot be realized when the fracture part is fixed through the steel plate and the problems that the structure is unreasonable and the stress cannot be effectively applied in the existing scheme aiming at reducing the stress, the invention provides the nail plate assembly which has high strength and can be automatically compressed according to the recovery process of the fracture part, is used for accelerating the rapid healing and recovery of the fracture part, is particularly suitable for slender skeleton parts such as thighbones, forearm ulna and radius bones and the like, is similar to the existing steel plate installation mode, is convenient and efficient to install, and is easy to learn and master.

The technical scheme adopted for realizing the aim of the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a fixed self-adaptation nail board subassembly that uses of fracture, includes steel sheet and fixed orifices to and the staple, it has two round holes to distribute along vertical at least in the one end of steel sheet, and it has two vertical bar holes to distribute along vertical at least in the other end of steel sheet, be equipped with in the round hole with the fixed ordinary staple of fracture near-end (contain cap portion and lead screw, or have the polished rod between cap portion and lead screw), vertical bar downthehole be equipped with the fixed slip nail of fracture distal end, be provided with the drive slip nail in the distal end position in every vertical bar hole simultaneously and push up the part to lasting that the near-end is close to.

The continuous pushing component is a spring or an elastic sheet, one side of the continuous pushing component is fixed on the steel plate, and the other side of the continuous pushing component is supported on the outer side surface of the sliding nail group.

The sliding nail is a clamping groove fixing nail which is sleeved in the longitudinal strip-shaped hole of the steel plate and fixed at the far end of the fracture, the clamping groove fixing nail sequentially comprises an upper cap part, a clamping column, a sliding column and a screw rod from top to bottom, wherein the diameter of the clamping column is larger than that of the sliding column, the diameter of the sliding column is matched with the width of the longitudinal strip-shaped hole of the steel plate, so that the lower edge of the clamping column is supported on the upper side of the steel plate or on a step surface in the longitudinal strip-shaped hole of the steel plate, a groove is formed between the clamping column and the steel plate, and the pushing part of the continuous pushing component is supported in the groove.

A self-adaptive nail plate assembly for fracture fixation comprises a steel plate, fixing holes and fixing nails, wherein at least two circular holes are longitudinally distributed at one end of the steel plate, a longitudinal strip-shaped sliding groove is longitudinally formed in the other end of the steel plate, a common fixing nail (comprising a cap part and a screw rod or a polished rod is arranged between the cap part and the screw rod) fixed with the near end of a fracture is assembled in each circular hole, a sliding block fixed with the far end of the fracture is assembled in each longitudinal strip-shaped sliding groove, a mutual embedding structure is arranged between each sliding block and the longitudinal strip-shaped sliding groove, or each sliding block is pressed on the upper side of the steel plate or the inner step surface of the longitudinal strip-shaped hole, and a continuous pushing part for driving each sliding block to be close to the near end is arranged at the far end position of each longitudinal strip-shaped sliding groove.

The sliding block fixing nail is installed in the sliding block, one or more vertical through holes are formed in the middle of the sliding block and sleeved with the sliding block fixing nail, and the pushing part of the continuous pushing component is supported on one side of the sliding block fixing nail or one side of the sliding block.

When the sliding block fixing nail is sleeved in the through hole of the sliding block, the corresponding sliding block fixing nail sequentially comprises an upper cap part, a clamping column, a light column and a screw rod from top to bottom, the diameter of the light column is matched with the diameter of the through hole, the diameter of the clamping column is larger than that of the through hole, so that the lower edge of the clamping column is supported on the upper side of the sliding block, a groove is formed between the clamping column and the sliding block, and the pushing part of the continuous pushing part is supported in the groove.

When the sliding block fixing nail is sleeved in the through hole of the sliding block, the corresponding sliding block fixing nail sequentially comprises an upper cap part, a light column and a screw rod from top to bottom, the diameter of the light column is matched with the diameter of the through hole, the upper cap part is pressed against the upper side of the sliding block or pressed against the step surface on the inner side of the through hole, meanwhile, a blocking platform or a blocking screw is in threaded connection with the steel plate, the blocking screw sequentially comprises the upper cap part, a clamping column and the screw rod from top to bottom, the diameter of the clamping column is larger than that of the through hole, so that the lower edge of the clamping column is supported on the upper side of the sliding block, a groove is formed between the clamping column and the sliding block, and the pushing part of the continuous pushing part is supported in the groove or in the groove of the blocking platform.

When more than one slider is matched and sleeved in the longitudinal strip-shaped sliding groove, a slider fixing nail is connected to each slider, the slider fixing nails and the sliders are fixed into a whole (suitable for single slider and single fixing nail), or one or more vertical through holes are formed in the middles of the sliders, and the slider fixing nails are sleeved.

The steel plate is provided with a steel plate fixed insertion hole, the sliding block is provided with a sliding block movable insertion hole, and the continuous pushing component is an arched elastic sheet respectively inserted between the steel plate fixed insertion hole and the sliding block movable insertion hole.

The continuous pushing component is a pushing spring sleeved at the far end of the longitudinal strip-shaped sliding groove of the steel plate, or a pulling spring sleeved at the near end of the longitudinal strip-shaped sliding groove of the steel plate.

One end of the steel plate distribution round hole is also provided with a longitudinal strip-shaped adjusting hole.

The utility model provides a fixed self-adaptation nail board subassembly that uses of fracture, includes steel sheet and fixed orifices to and the staple, it has two vertical bar holes to distribute at least along vertical both ends of steel sheet, vertical bar downthehole be equipped with the fixed slip nail of fracture distal end, be provided with the drive slip nail in the distal end position in every vertical bar hole simultaneously and push up the part to the continuation that the near-end is close to.

The utility model provides a fixed self-adaptation nail board subassembly that uses of fracture, includes steel sheet and fixed orifices to and the staple, along vertically setting up vertical bar spout at the both ends of steel sheet, be equipped with in the vertical bar spout with the fixed slider of fracture distal end, set up between slider and the vertical bar spout and inlay the dress structure each other, perhaps the slider top is pressed on the downthehole step face of steel sheet upside or vertical bar, is provided with the continuous top that the drive slider is close to the near-end at the distal end position of vertical bar spout simultaneously and pushes away the part.

Has the advantages that: the application of the nail plate component has the characteristics of simple operation and short learning period, and can effectively solve the problem of bone resorption in the recovery period after the butt joint of broken bones, so that when the gap exists on the butt joint surface due to the bone resorption, the elastic structure can always press two sections of fracture parts together, and the influence on normal recovery due to the occurrence of larger bone seam is prevented.

In addition, the elastic compression structure of the steel plate component can ensure that the fracture butt joint part can move properly and has elasticity, thereby promoting the quick healing of the butt joint part (the slight sliding of the fracture butt joint part can promote the recovery) and ensuring the high healing rate.

The steel plate assembly adopts sliding connection, so that stress shielding can be avoided, the occurrence of accidents of nail and plate breakage can be effectively prevented, and the incidence rate of fracture is low.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a first nail plate assembly of the present invention in use.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the pegboard assembly of FIG. 1.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the assembled relationship between the nail and the plate of fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a top view of fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is a sectional view taken along line a-a in fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a right side view of fig. 4.

Fig. 7 is a sectional view of B-B in fig. 4.

Fig. 8 is a view illustrating the structure of the general fastening pin of fig. 2.

Fig. 9 is a plan view of the steel plate of fig. 2.

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a second nail plate assembly of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a third nail plate assembly of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a fourth nail plate assembly of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a schematic view of a fifth nail plate assembly of the present invention.

Fig. 14 is a view showing the structure of the dome spring.

Fig. 15 is a structural view of the arc-shaped spring plate.

FIG. 16 is a view of a slider staple configuration.

Fig. 17 is a schematic view of an arcuate spring mounted in cooperation with the slide fastener of fig. 16.

Fig. 18 is a schematic view of an application of the tension spring.

FIG. 19 is a schematic view of a slider staple with self-locking tabs.

Reference numbers in the figures: the steel plate comprises a steel plate 1, a circular hole 2, a longitudinal strip-shaped hole 3, a continuous pushing component 4, a common fixing nail 5, a sliding nail 6, a clamping groove fixing nail 61, an upper cap part 62, a clamping column 63, a sliding column 64, a screw rod 65, a sliding block fixing nail 66, a stop screw 67 (stop table), a sliding block 7, a strip-shaped adjusting hole 8, a steel plate fixed insertion hole 9, a sliding block movable insertion hole 10, a longitudinal strip-shaped sliding groove 11, a thrust spring 12, a tension spring 13, a plug 14, a fixed seat 15, a radial positioning hole 16, a first arc-shaped elastic sheet 17 and a second arc-shaped elastic sheet 18.

Detailed Description

Example 1: the fracture of the femoral shaft and the fracture of the distal femur are common fractures in clinic, surgical treatment is the preferred treatment method, before the bone fracture plate is fixed, the two ends of the fracture part need to be reset, butted and fixed, after the nail plate is fixed, the traction and restoration frame needs to be removed, and due to the fact that stress in different directions exists at the two ends of the fracture, the nail plate is required to be stably connected after the traction and restoration frame is removed.

The steel sheet that current nail board combination adopted is the round hole, ordinary lock nail (self-tapping screw) of adoption is often followed closely, so require fracture both ends more than two lock nails can be with the steel sheet fixed firm, with the fixed back of lock nail and corresponding round hole, the steel sheet is in absolute fixed state, the fixed prophase of steel sheet, have moderate degree extrusion and keep contact state between fracture distal end and the near-end, the steel sheet can be firm with the fracture both ends together fixed, but in the recovery deadline, bone absorption phenomenon can appear in the healing process between the seam, when the great possibility of leading to fracture distal end and near-end to appear the gap of unable contact when bone absorption degree, the both ends of fracture just can't heal up, this is the problem of current nail board subassembly ubiquitous.

The embodiment adopts the nail plate component for fixing and connecting the fracture as shown in figure 1, can automatically tension the far end and the near end of the fracture according to the healing condition of the fracture, so that the fracture is always kept in a contact and proper jacking state, the problem of the increase of the distance between the fracture caused by bone absorption factors is solved, and the nail plate component adaptive to the fracture can solve the technical problem.

The assembly is shown in a perspective view in fig. 2 and mainly comprises a steel plate 1, a common fixing nail 5, a sliding nail 6 and a continuous pushing component 4. The front side of the steel plate is shown in fig. 9, three round holes 2 (or more) are longitudinally distributed at one end of the steel plate 1, and three longitudinal bar-shaped holes 3 (or more) are longitudinally distributed at the other end of the steel plate 1.

As shown in Figs. 4 and 5, a conventional fixture nail 5 for fixing the proximal end of a fracture is installed in the circular hole 2, and the conventional fixture nail 5 may be any conventional locking nail used for fixing a steel plate, such as a conventional fixture nail having a cap and a screw rod as shown in fig. 8, or a conventional fixture nail having a polish rod between the cap and the screw rod.

As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the longitudinal strip-shaped holes 3 are equipped with sliding nails 6 fixed with the far end of the fracture, and a continuous pushing component 4 for driving the sliding nails 6 to approach to the near end is arranged at the far end position of each longitudinal strip-shaped hole 3. One form of construction of the continuous pushing member 4 is shown in fig. 14, and it can be seen that it is a bilaterally symmetrical dome-shaped spring 41, which includes a bilateral spigot 42, bilateral bowstrings 43 (pieces), and a central recess 44. When assembling this arch-shaped elastic sheet 41 and steel sheet 1, need lie in the outside bilateral symmetry position in corresponding vertical bar hole 3 on steel sheet 1, set up steel sheet fixed insertion hole 9 respectively, assemble the plug 42 of arch-shaped elastic sheet 41 both sides in the corresponding steel sheet fixed insertion hole 9, the recess 44 in the middle part of arch-shaped elastic sheet 41 supports the lateral surface at corresponding slip nail 6, thereby arch silk 43 of arch-shaped elastic sheet 41 both sides is by compression deformation, make arch-shaped elastic sheet 41 have one kind to slip nail 6 and last inside pressure.

Compared with the common steel plate which is in an absolute fixed state after being locked and fixed, the steel plate of the traction reduction frame is removed to directly bear all directions of stress possibly generated from two ends of the fracture, and when a patient has large activity or falls down due to collision, the problem of broken nails and broken plates can be caused because the stress of the steel plate which is rigidly fixed is concentrated at one position. The continuous inward pressure of the arched elastic sheet 41 on the sliding nail 6 is elastic pressure, and the elastic pressure allows the steel plate to slide in the load bearing limit state, so that the problem of absolute stress damage borne by the steel plate is solved, and the problem of nail and plate breakage of the nail plate assembly cannot occur.

As shown in fig. 3, the sliding nail 6 adopted in the present embodiment is a slot fixing nail 61 which is sleeved in the longitudinal strip-shaped hole 3 of the steel plate 1 and fixed at the far end of the fracture, i.e. the slot fixing nail 61 is fixed at the far end of the fracture but can slide in the longitudinal strip-shaped hole 3 of the steel plate 1.

In fig. 3, the clamping groove fixing nail 61 sequentially comprises an upper cap part 62, a clamping column 63, a sliding column 64 and a screw rod 65 from top to bottom, wherein the diameter of the clamping column 63 is larger than that of the sliding column 64, the diameter of the sliding column 64 is matched with the width of the longitudinal strip-shaped hole 3 of the steel plate, so that the lower edge of the clamping column 63 is supported on the upper side of the steel plate or on a step surface in the longitudinal strip-shaped hole of the steel plate, a groove is formed between the clamping column 63 and the steel plate 7, and the pushing part of the continuous pushing part 4 is supported in the groove.

Above structural style, assemble ordinary staple 5 in the round hole 2, after assembling slide nail 6 in the vertical bar hole 3, the steel sheet is fixed with the fracture both ends, and steel sheet 1 is restrained and only probably has the degree of freedom on length direction (vertical). This freedom is in turn constrained by the spring and the positive and negative forces provided by the bone ends to the joint to maintain equilibrium. The strength of the elastic pressure provided by the continuous pushing member 4 can be achieved by replacing the dome-shaped springs 41 with different elastic strengths, for example, dome-shaped springs 41 with different diameters and different camber can provide different degrees of elastic pressure.

Example 2: on the basis of the embodiment 1, one end of the steel plate 1, which is distributed with the round hole 2, is also distributed with a strip-shaped adjusting hole 8 along the longitudinal direction. Reference may be made to reference numeral 8 in fig. 11. The application of the strip-shaped adjusting hole 8 lies in that one end (the end containing the round hole 2) is preliminarily fixed in the early stage, the common fixing nail 5 is sleeved in the strip-shaped adjusting hole 8 and screwed in the bone near the fracture end, the other end of the common fixing nail is assembled in the longitudinal strip-shaped hole 3 and screwed in the bone far from the bone, the sliding nail 6 is pressed in the continuous pushing component 4, the steel plate is manually driven to move back and forth to reach the optimal position, moderate elastic pressure is kept, the common fixing nail 5 is then driven in the round hole 2, and the corresponding common fixing nail in the strip-shaped adjusting hole 8 is screwed. It can be seen that the purpose of nailing the circular hole 2 is to lock the plate and the purpose of nailing in the strip adjustment hole 8 is to keep it still having an adjustment function, so as to manually control the degree of elastic pressure of the steel plate. Therefore, the elastic pressure can be changed not only by replacing the arched elastic pieces 4 with different elasticity as in embodiment 1, but also by manually moving the steel plate 1 under the constraint action of the strip-shaped adjusting holes 8, so that the steel plate can move along one longitudinal side to change the elastic pressure degree, and then the steel plate is locked. It should be noted that no matter the ordinary staple 5 that is located bar regulation hole 8, or the activity nail 6 that is located vertical bar hole 3, its diameter all suits with the hole width to when corresponding nail is located corresponding bar hole or regulation hole, restraint steel sheet makes its wobbling condition can not appear.

Example 3: the other nail plate assembly mainly comprises a steel plate 1, a sliding nail 6 and a continuous pushing component 4. Wherein, more than two longitudinal bar-shaped holes 3 are respectively distributed at the two ends of the steel plate 1 along the longitudinal direction. Thus, compared with the embodiment 1, the scheme does not have the round holes 2 any more, and certainly does not exclude the condition that the round holes 2 are distributed on the steel plate (the round holes 2 can lock one end of the steel plate at any time).

The vertical bar hole 3 of steel sheet one end is equipped with in the vertical bar hole 3 with the fixed slip nail 6 of fracture near-end, the vertical bar hole 3 of steel sheet one end is equipped with in the vertical bar hole 6 with the fixed slip nail 6 of fracture far-end, is provided with the drive slip nail 6 and pushes up the part 4 to the continuation that the near-end is close to simultaneously in the distal end position of every vertical bar hole 3. One form of the continuous pushing member 4 is as in embodiment 1, and will not be described in detail. The slide pin 6 used in this embodiment is the same as that used in embodiment 1, and will not be described in detail.

Example 4: an adaptive nail plate assembly for fracture fixation is shown in fig. 10, and mainly comprises a steel plate 1, a common fixation nail 5, a sliding block 7, a continuous pushing component 4 and the like.

Specifically, at least two circular holes 2 are distributed at one end of the steel plate 1 along the longitudinal direction, and a common fixing nail 5 fixed with the proximal end of the fracture is assembled in each circular hole, wherein the common fixing nail 5 comprises a cap part and a screw rod as shown in fig. 8, or a polish rod is arranged between the cap part and the screw rod. So that one end of the plate is fixed to the proximal end of the fracture.

A longitudinal strip-shaped sliding groove 11 is arranged at the other end of the steel plate 1 along the longitudinal direction, and a sliding block 7 fixed with the far end of the fracture is assembled in the longitudinal strip-shaped sliding groove 11 as shown in the figure, and the two sliding blocks can only slide along the longitudinal direction.

The sliding block 7 and the longitudinal strip-shaped sliding groove 11 are provided with a mutual embedding structure, or the sliding block is pressed against the upper side of the steel plate or the step surface in the longitudinal strip-shaped hole, and other conditions and forms which can enable the sliding block and the steel plate to be assembled into a whole are provided, and the sliding block and the steel plate are shown in the figure

The embedding relation between the sliding blocks in the four forms and the longitudinal strip-shaped sliding grooves is listed respectively.

Meanwhile, a continuous pushing component 4 for driving the sliding block 7 to approach to the near end is arranged at the far end of the longitudinal strip-shaped sliding groove 11, for example, an arched elastic sheet 41 as shown in the figure is adopted, the specific structure of the arched elastic sheet 41 is as shown in figure 14, two plugs 42 are arranged at the tail ends of two sides of the arched elastic sheet, symmetrical arched wires 43 are arranged in the middle of the two sides, and a groove 44 is arranged in the middle of the arched wire 43. When the arched elastic sheet 41 is assembled with the steel plate 1, the steel plate fixed insertion holes 9 need to be respectively arranged at two symmetrical positions on the outside of the corresponding longitudinal strip-shaped sliding groove 11 on the steel plate 1, the plugs 42 at two sides of the arched elastic sheet 41 are assembled in the corresponding steel plate fixed insertion holes 9, and the groove 44 in the middle of the arched elastic sheet 41 is supported at the corresponding position of the sliding block 7 so as to drive the sliding block 7 to have continuous elastic pressure inwards.

The case of providing inward pressure to the slider 7 by one dome-shaped spring 41 is illustrated in fig. 10, without excluding the case of providing inward pressure to the slider 7 by more than one dome-shaped spring 41 at the same time.

In this embodiment, a slider fixing nail 66 is installed in the slider 7, specifically, a plurality of vertical through holes are formed in the middle of the slider 7 and are sleeved with the plurality of slider fixing nails 66, fig. 10 shows one form of slider fixing nail 66, when the slider fixing nail 66 is sleeved in the through hole of the slider 7, the corresponding slider fixing nail 66 sequentially comprises an upper cap part 62, a light pillar and a screw rod 65 from top to bottom, the diameter of the light pillar is matched with the diameter of the through hole, and the upper cap part 62 is pressed on the upper side of the slider or pressed on the step surface on the inner side of the through hole. Meanwhile, a stopping table is arranged on the steel plate or a stopping screw 67 is in threaded connection with the steel plate, the stopping screw sequentially comprises an upper cap part 62, a clamping column 63 and a screw rod 65 from top to bottom, the diameter of the clamping column 63 is larger than that of the through hole, so that the lower edge of the clamping column 63 is supported on the upper side of the sliding block, a groove is formed between the clamping column 63 and the sliding block, and the pushing part of the continuous pushing part 4 is supported in the groove or the groove of the stopping table.

In FIG. 10

The other type of the slide block fixing nail 66 is respectively shown, when the slide block fixing nail 66 is sleeved in the corresponding through hole of the slide block 7, the corresponding slide block fixing nail 66 sequentially comprises an upper cap part 62, a clamping column 63, a light column and a screw rod 65 from top to bottom, the diameter of the light column is matched with the diameter of the through hole, the diameter of the clamping column 63 is larger than that of the through hole, so that the lower edge of the clamping column 63 is supported on the upper side of the slide block, a groove is formed between the clamping column 63 and the slide block, and the pushing part of the continuous pushing part 4 is supported in the groove. Can be seen through

In these modes, the pushing part of the continuous pushing member 4 is directly supported in the annular groove formed by the clamping column 63 at one side of the slide block fixing nail 66, and a stop table or a thread connection stop screw 67 does not need to be additionally arranged on the slide block.

Example 5: on the basis of the embodiment 4, the nail plate assembly shown in fig. 11 is adopted, and different from the embodiment 4, the embodiment adopts the first arc-shaped elastic sheet 17 to provide inward continuous pressure for the sliding block, and as can be seen from the figure, the continuous pushing component 4 is the first arc-shaped elastic sheet 17 which is respectively inserted between the steel plate fixed insertion hole 9 and the sliding block movable insertion hole 10. The middle part of the first arc-shaped elastic sheet 17 is arc-shaped, and two ends of the first arc-shaped elastic sheet are provided with downward plugs. During assembly, a steel plate fixed jack 9 needs to be arranged on the steel plate 7, a sliding block movable jack 10 is arranged on the sliding block, one plug of the arc-shaped elastic piece I17 is inserted into the steel plate fixed jack 9, and the other plug is inserted into the sliding block movable jack 10 and is compressed to provide continuous inward pressure for the steel plate 7.

Another characteristic of this embodiment is that, at the one end that steel sheet 1 distributes round hole 2, still distribute two vertical bar regulation holes 8 along. The application of two bar regulation holes 8 lies in that one end (the one end that contains round hole 2) is tentatively fixed earlier stage, with ordinary staple 5 suit with in the bar regulation hole 8 and screw in fracture near-end sclerotin after, the other end, assemble slider staple 66 together in vertical bar spout 11 with slider 7, and respectively with slider staple 66 screw in distal end sclerotin, will last push away after 4 connections and provide the internal pressure between steel sheet and the slider, again the manual drive this steel sheet back-and-forth movement reachs the optimum position, and keep moderate elastic pressure, later to 2 interior the drive ordinary staple 5 of round hole again, and screw the corresponding ordinary staple that is located bar regulation hole 8. Thereby, adjust hole 8 and ordinary staple through the bar and make it only along longitudinal adjustment to the steel sheet restraint, through round hole 2 and ordinary staple 5 to the steel sheet jam plate to have the function of adjusting the back locking, so that the elastic pressure degree of artificial control steel sheet. The change of elastic pressure not only can be through changing different elastic arch shell fragment 41, also can realize that the steel sheet moves in order to change the elastic pressure degree along vertical one side through artificial removal steel sheet 1 under the restraint effect of bar regulation hole 8, later dies the steel sheet lock again.

Example 6: on the basis of embodiment 4 or 5, when more than one sliding block 7 is matched and sleeved in the longitudinal strip-shaped sliding groove 11, one or more vertical through holes are arranged in the middle of each sliding block 7 and are respectively sleeved with the sliding block fixing nails 66.

Example 7: on the basis of embodiment 4 or 5, when more than one sliding block 7 is sleeved in the longitudinal strip-shaped sliding groove 11 in a matching manner, and the sliding block fixing nail are integrated, aiming at the special condition, the sliding block and the fixing nail thereof are screwed into far-end bone of the fracture, the direction of the sliding block is adjusted, then the sliding block and the fixing nail thereof are inserted into the longitudinal strip-shaped sliding groove 11 of the steel plate, and then the near end of the steel plate is fixed. This scheme can prevent to be located the loose silk that moves back of slider staple.

Example 8: in embodiment 1, the nail cap circumferential side surface of the corresponding sliding nail 6 is provided with a radial positioning hole 16 radially inward, the steel plate 1 is provided with a fixed seat 15, one side of the fixed seat 15 is provided with a transverse insertion hole, the middle part of the second arc-shaped elastic sheet 18 is arched, two ends of the second arc-shaped elastic sheet 18 are provided with transverse plugs, and the plugs at two sides of the second arc-shaped elastic sheet 18 are respectively inserted into the radial positioning holes 16 of the nail cap in the transverse insertion hole of the fixed seat 15. Or, the steel plate 1 is provided with a steel plate fixed jack 9, the middle part of the second arc-shaped elastic sheet 18 is arched, one end of the second arc-shaped elastic sheet is provided with a transverse plug, the other end of the second arc-shaped elastic sheet is provided with a vertical plug, and the plugs at the two sides of the second arc-shaped elastic sheet 18 are respectively inserted into the steel plate fixed jack 9 and the radial positioning hole 16 of the nail cap.

Therefore, the embodiment can not only provide the inward thrust for the sliding nail 6 through the second arc-shaped elastic sheet 18, but also effectively prevent the sliding nail 6 from reversely rotating, so as to prevent the sliding nail 6 from loosening and withdrawing threads.

Example 9: on the basis of embodiment 4, the nail cap circumferential side surface of the slide block fixing nail 66 on the slide block 7 is provided with a radial positioning hole 16 which is arranged radially inwards, the steel plate 1 is provided with a fixed seat 15, one side of the fixed seat 15 is provided with a transverse insertion hole, the middle part of the second arc-shaped elastic sheet 18 is arched, two ends of the second arc-shaped elastic sheet 18 are provided with transverse plugs, and the plugs at two sides of the second arc-shaped elastic sheet 18 are respectively inserted into the radial positioning holes 16 of the nail cap in the transverse insertion hole of the fixed seat 15. Or, the steel plate 1 is provided with a steel plate fixed jack 9, the middle part of the second arc-shaped elastic sheet 18 is arched, one end of the second arc-shaped elastic sheet is provided with a transverse plug, the other end of the second arc-shaped elastic sheet is provided with a vertical plug, and the plugs at the two sides of the second arc-shaped elastic sheet 18 are respectively inserted into the steel plate fixed jack 9 and the radial positioning hole 16 of the nail cap. The embodiment can not only provide the inward thrust for the sliding block fixing nail 66 and the sliding block 7 through the second arc-shaped elastic sheet 18, but also effectively prevent the sliding block fixing nail 66 from reversely rotating, so that the sliding block fixing nail is prevented from loosening and withdrawing wires.

Example 10: on the basis of example 1, at the proximal end of each longitudinal strip-shaped hole 3, a continuous pushing member 4 is provided to drive the sliding pin 6 proximally. In this embodiment, a structural form of the continuous pushing component 4 can refer to the third arc-shaped elastic sheet 19 in fig. 18, in which the middle part is a straight line section or an arch section, and two ends are provided with vertical plugs. And a third arc-shaped elastic sheet 19 for pulling the sliding nail 6 to approach to the near end is arranged at the near end of each longitudinal strip-shaped hole 3. Specifically, there are the inside slide opening 20 of slope on steel sheet 1 and lie in 6 near-end both sides of slip nail, the vertical plug in both ends of three arc-shaped elastic sheet 19 inserts respectively in corresponding slide opening 20, and the straightway suit in the middle part of three arc-shaped elastic sheet 19 is in slip nail distal end one side simultaneously for three 19 of this arc-shaped elastic sheet are oppressed and become the arch, and then make the close end of activity nail 6 have continuous pressure.

Example 11: on the basis of the embodiment 1, a continuous pushing component 4 with a slide block 7 approaching to the near end is arranged at the near end position of the longitudinal strip-shaped sliding chute 11. In the present embodiment, a structural form of the continuous pushing component 4 is an arc-shaped elastic sheet three 19 as shown in fig. 18, wherein the middle part is a straight line section or an arch section, and two ends are provided with vertical plugs.

Specifically, a sliding block 7 is sleeved in the longitudinal strip-shaped sliding groove 11, and the sliding block 7 is installed as shown in figure 10

In any structure, fig. 18 only shows that the slide block 7 is provided with a slot fixing nail 61 to fix the slotFor example, the fixing nail 61 is located at two side positions of the longitudinal strip-shaped sliding groove 11, specifically, on the steel plate at two side proximal end positions of the clamping groove fixing nail 61, there is a sliding hole 20 inclined inward, the vertical plugs at two ends of the three arc-shaped elastic pieces 19 are respectively inserted into the corresponding sliding holes 20, and meanwhile, the straight line segment at the middle of the three arc-shaped elastic pieces 19 is sleeved in the annular groove at one side of the distal end of the clamping groove fixing nail 61, so that the three arc-shaped elastic pieces 19 are pressed into an arch shape, and further, the sliding block 7 has continuous pressure towards the proximal end.

Example 12: on the basis of any scheme of embodiments 1-5, the arched elastic sheet 41 adopts a structural form as shown in fig. 17, specifically, the arched elastic sheet 41 respectively comprises plugs 42 at two sides, arched wires 43 at two sides and a middle groove 44, and an arc-shaped latch 45 is arranged on a concave arc surface of the middle groove 44. The clamping groove fixing nail 61 sequentially comprises an upper cap part 62, a clamping column 63, a sliding column 64 and a screw rod 65 from top to bottom. Correspondingly, the outer side surface of the clamping column 63 is provided with toothed anti-slip threads 68, and when the arc-shaped elastic sheet 41 and the clamping groove fixing nail 61 are correspondingly sleeved, the arc-shaped clamping teeth 45 in the groove 44 on the inner side of the arc-shaped elastic sheet 41 and the toothed anti-slip threads 68 on the outer side of the clamping column 63 of the clamping groove fixing nail 61 can be completely or partially meshed together. Therefore, the arched elastic sheet 41 also has the function of preventing the wire from being stripped when the clamping groove fixing nail 61 continuously presses inwards, and the clamping groove fixing nail 61 rotates reversely.

It is to be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely illustrative of or explaining the principles of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Therefore, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. The end of a steel plate at one side of a common fixing nail is not excluded to be provided with an arched elastic sheet 41 shown in figure 17, meanwhile, the circumferential surface of a nail cap of the common fixing nail is provided with arc-shaped latch teeth 45, and the arc-shaped latch teeth 45 in a groove 44 at the inner side of the arched elastic sheet 41 shown in figure 17 are completely or partially meshed with toothed anti-skid threads at the circumference of the nail cap of the fixing nail, so that the arched elastic sheet 41 has the function of preventing the fixing nail from reversely rotating and taking off threads. For example, in the embodiment 4 or 5, the continuous pushing member 4 is a spring or a leaf spring of any type, one side of which is fixed on the steel plate, and the other side of which is supported on the outer side or the inner side of the sliding block 7. Two forms of spring are used to provide inward pressure on the slider 7 as shown in figures 12 and 13 respectively. In fig. 12, the sliding block is provided with continuous inward pressure by sleeving a pushing spring 12 at the outer end of the longitudinal strip-shaped sliding groove 11, and in fig. 13, the sliding block is provided with continuous inward pulling force by sleeving a pulling spring 13 at the inner end of the longitudinal strip-shaped sliding groove 11. The annular sleeve piece of the column is sleeved on the sliding nail, and the annular clamping groove is arranged on the sleeve piece and used for being directly in contact with the continuous pushing component to support, so that the elastic deformation quantity is changed, and the elastic pressure of the sliding nail in different degrees is realized. For example, as shown in fig. 19, a caulking groove is formed at the lower part of the sliding groove of the steel plate 7, and a rectangular self-locking blocking piece is sleeved on the caulking groove in a matching manner, so that the self-locking blocking piece cannot rotate by itself. Threaded connection between this auto-lock separation blade and the slider staple, but the pitch of this screw thread is different rather than below screw section pitch, thereby when the auto-lock separation blade is restrained and can not rotate, its upper and lower both ends screw thread forms the interlocking relation because of the pitch is different, can not rotate (go up screw thread pitch little, it is little to rotate back axial displacement, lower screw thread pitch is big, it is big to rotate back axial displacement), thereby realized the dead purpose of lock to this slider staple, carry the auto-lock separation blade with this nail earlier during the assembly together, in the sclerotin of hypomere self-tapping screw in fracture distal end through the drilling tool, then with this gasket from spout one side suit in the spout bottom of slider.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a fixed self-adaptation nail board subassembly that uses of fracture, includes steel sheet and fixed orifices to and the staple, its characterized in that, has two round holes (2) along vertically distributing at least in the one end of steel sheet (1), has two vertical bar holes (3) along vertically distributing at least in the other end of steel sheet (1), be equipped with in round hole (2) with the fixed ordinary staple (5) of fracture near-end, be equipped with in vertical bar hole (3) with fixed slip nail (6) of fracture distal end, be provided with the drive simultaneously at the distal end position of every vertical bar hole (3) and slide nail (6) to the near-end continuous top push component (4) that is close to.

2. The self-adaptive nail plate assembly for the fixation of bone fracture according to claim 1, characterized in that the continuous pushing component (4) is a spring or a shrapnel, one side of which is fixed on the steel plate, and the other side is supported on the outer side of the sliding nail group (6).

3. The self-adaptive nail plate assembly for the fracture fixation according to claim 1, wherein the sliding nail (6) is a clamping groove fixing nail (61) which is sleeved in the longitudinal strip-shaped hole (3) of the steel plate (1) and fixed at the far end of the fracture, the clamping groove fixing nail (61) sequentially comprises an upper cap part (62), a clamping column (63), a sliding column (64) and a screw rod (65) from top to bottom, wherein the diameter of the clamping column (63) is larger than that of the sliding column (64), the diameter of the sliding column (64) is matched with the width of the longitudinal strip-shaped hole (3) of the steel plate, so that the lower edge of the clamping column (63) is supported on the upper side of the steel plate or on a stepped surface in the longitudinal strip-shaped hole of the steel plate, a groove is formed between the clamping column (63) and the steel plate (7), and the pushing part of the continuous pushing part (4) is supported in the groove.

4. The utility model provides a fixed self-adaptation nail board subassembly that uses of fracture, includes steel sheet and fixed orifices to and the staple, its characterized in that, it has two round holes (2) to distribute along vertical at least in the one end of steel sheet (1), sets up vertical bar spout (11) at the other end of steel sheet (1) along vertically, be equipped with in round hole (2) with the fixed ordinary staple (5) of fracture near-end, be equipped with in vertical bar spout (11) with fixed slider (7) of fracture distal end, set up between slider and vertical bar spout (11) and inlay the dress structure each other, perhaps the slider top is pressed on the downthehole step face of steel sheet upside or vertical bar, is provided with the continuous push component (4) that drive slider (7) are close to the near-end in the distal end position of vertical bar spout (11) simultaneously.

5. The self-adaptive nail plate assembly for the bone fracture fixation according to claim 4, wherein a sliding block fixing nail (66) is installed in the sliding block (7), one or more vertical through holes are formed in the middle of the sliding block (7) and sleeved with the sliding block fixing nail (66), and the pushing part of the continuous pushing part (4) is supported on one side of the sliding block fixing nail (66) or one side of the sliding block.

6. The self-adaptive nail plate assembly for bone fracture fixation according to claim 5, wherein when the slide block fixing nail (66) is sleeved in the through hole of the slide block (7), the corresponding slide block fixing nail (66) sequentially comprises an upper cap part (62), a clamping column (63), a light column and a screw rod (65) from top to bottom, the diameter of the light column is matched with the diameter of the through hole, the diameter of the clamping column (63) is larger than that of the through hole, so that the lower edge of the clamping column (63) is supported on the upper side of the slide block, a groove is formed between the clamping column (63) and the slide block, and the pushing part of the continuous pushing component (4) is supported in the groove.

7. The self-adaptive nail plate assembly for fracture fixation according to claim 5, wherein when the slide block fixing nail (66) is sleeved in the through hole of the slide block (7), the corresponding slide block fixing nail (66) sequentially comprises an upper cap part (62), a light column and a screw rod (65) from top to bottom, the diameter of the light column is matched with that of the through hole, the upper cap part (62) is pressed against the upper side of the slide block or against the step surface on the inner side of the through hole, meanwhile, a stop table is arranged on the steel plate or a stop screw (67) is connected with the steel plate through threads, the stop screw sequentially comprises an upper cap part (62), a clamping column (63) and a screw rod (65) from top to bottom, the diameter of the clamping column (63) is larger than that of the through hole, therefore, the lower edge of the clamping column (63) is supported on the upper side of the sliding block, a groove is formed between the clamping column (63) and the sliding block, and the pushing part of the continuous pushing component (4) is supported in the groove or the groove of the blocking table.

8. The self-adaptive nail plate assembly for the bone fracture fixation according to claim 5 is characterized in that when more than one sliding block (7) is matched and sleeved in the longitudinal strip-shaped sliding groove (11), a sliding block fixing nail (66) is connected to each sliding block (7), the sliding block fixing nail (66) and the sliding block (7) are fixed into a whole, or one or more vertical through holes are formed in the middle of each sliding block (7) and sleeved with the sliding block fixing nail (66).

9. The self-adaptive nail plate assembly for bone fracture fixation according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that one end of the steel plate (1) with the round holes (2) is also distributed with longitudinal strip-shaped adjusting holes (8).

10. The self-adaptive nail plate assembly for fracture fixation comprises a steel plate, fixing holes and fixing nails, and is characterized in that two longitudinal strip-shaped holes (3) are longitudinally distributed at two ends of the steel plate (1), a sliding nail (6) fixed with the far end of a fracture is assembled in each longitudinal strip-shaped hole (3), and a continuous pushing component (4) for driving the sliding nail (6) to approach to the near end is arranged at the far end of each longitudinal strip-shaped hole (3); or, set up vertical bar spout (11) at the both ends of steel sheet (1) along vertically, be equipped with in vertical bar spout (11) with the fixed slider (7) of distal end of fracture, set up between slider and vertical bar spout (11) and inlay the dress structure each other, or the slider top is pressed on the steel sheet upside or vertical bar downthehole step face, is provided with the continuous top that drives slider (7) and be close to near-end at the distal end position of vertical bar spout (11) simultaneously and pushes away parts (4).

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