CN114698688A - Preparation and application of nanostructured lipid carrier based on medium-long-chain diglyceride embedded litsea cubeba essential oil - Google Patents
Preparation and application of nanostructured lipid carrier based on medium-long-chain diglyceride embedded litsea cubeba essential oil Download PDFInfo
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- CN114698688A CN114698688A CN202210450397.9A CN202210450397A CN114698688A CN 114698688 A CN114698688 A CN 114698688A CN 202210450397 A CN202210450397 A CN 202210450397A CN 114698688 A CN114698688 A CN 114698688A
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- litsea cubeba
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Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
- A23B7/14—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10
- A23B7/153—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10 in the form of liquids or solids
- A23B7/154—Organic compounds; Microorganisms; Enzymes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D19/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D81/00—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents
- B65D81/24—Adaptations for preventing deterioration or decay of contents; Applications to the container or packaging material of food preservatives, fungicides, pesticides or animal repellants
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D85/00—Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials
- B65D85/30—Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials for articles particularly sensitive to damage by shock or pressure
- B65D85/34—Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials for articles particularly sensitive to damage by shock or pressure for fruit, e.g. apples, oranges or tomatoes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of food, and discloses a preparation method of a nano-structured lipid carrier based on medium-long chain diglyceride embedded litsea cubeba essential oil and application of the nano-structured lipid carrier in fruit and vegetable fresh-keeping. The preparation method comprises the following steps: using litsea cubeba essential oil, vegetable oil and medium-long chain diglyceride in a molten state as an oil phase; and then mixing the water phase into the oil phase, shearing at a high speed, homogenizing, carrying out ultrasonic treatment, stirring in an ice bath, cooling, and cooling to obtain the nano-structure lipid carrier based on the medium-long chain diglyceride embedded litsea cubeba essential oil. The nano-structure lipid carrier for embedding the litsea cubeba essential oil, prepared by the invention, has the advantages of small particle size, high encapsulation efficiency and good stability, solves the problem that the litsea cubeba essential oil as oil is not easy to dissolve in water and has high volatility and is difficult to utilize, realizes high-efficiency embedding and delayed release of the litsea cubeba essential oil, fully exerts the broad-spectrum antibacterial property and the oxidation resistance, can effectively inhibit the spoilage of blueberries, prolongs the shelf life of the blueberries and improves the economic value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of food, and particularly relates to preparation and application of a nanostructured lipid carrier based on medium-long chain diglyceride embedded litsea cubeba essential oil.
Background
The Litsea cubeba essential oil (Litsea cubeba essential oil) is a yellowish natural aromatic compound which is extracted from fresh Litsea cubeba fruits and has lipophilicity and high volatility, is rich in bioactivators such as citral, limonene and linalool, and has remarkable bioactivities such as antifungal, antibacterial, insect-resistant and antioxidant effects. The litsea cubeba essential oil can destroy the cell membrane of bacteria to cause protein denaturation, has obvious inhibiting effect on escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus, cryptococcus neoformans, aspergillus niger, rhizopus oryzae, bacillus subtilis, candida albicans and the like, and has broad-spectrum antibacterial and antifungal effects. The litsea cubeba essential oil main component citral can effectively eliminate DPPH free radicals, hydroxyl free radicals and superoxide free radicals, and shows good antioxidant performance. At present, litsea cubeba essential oil has partial research in the field of food preservation and fresh-keeping, can obviously inhibit the activities of peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase and phenylalanine ammonia lyase of loquat and kumquat, and delay the senescence of fruits; the shelf life of the shrimp meat and the pork is prolonged by the compound preservative prepared from VE and phytic acid.
Although the litsea cubeba essential oil has remarkable in-vitro activity and has been partially researched in the field of food preservation and preservation, the value of the litsea cubeba essential oil cannot be fully exerted in practical application due to the defects that the litsea cubeba essential oil is unstable to light, heat and oxygen in the storage process, the antioxidant activity is rapidly reduced along with the increase of time, the volatile property, the low water solubility, the strong special flavor of the litsea cubeba essential oil and the like.
Chinese patent publication (CN108464998A) discloses a peppermint essential oil emulsion with high stability. The mint essential oil and the resveratrol embedded by the method show a synergistic bacteriostatic effect, but the method uses an organic solvent of absolute ethyl alcohol, the preparation operation is complex by an anti-solvent method, and the embedding rate of the mint essential oil and the resveratrol is low and is only about 80%.
Chinese patent publication (CN113440479A) discloses a nano emulsion of plant essential oil, a preparation method and application thereof. The nano emulsion prepared by the method has high stability and low volatility, and has obvious inhibition effect on escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus. However, the emulsion prepared by the method has larger particle size.
Chinese patent publication (CN111110720A) discloses rosemary essential oil nanoliposome and a preparation method and application thereof. The method overcomes the defects of rosemary essential oil in the using process, has good slow release effect, can increase the retention amount and retention time of the medicine on the skin, better exerts the local effect of the medicine, and has good application prospect. But the emulsion prepared by the method has lower encapsulation rate on rosemary essential oil.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the primary object of the invention is to provide a preparation method of a nano-structured lipid carrier based on middle-long chain diglyceride embedded litsea cubeba essential oil, which is efficient, simple in process, green, safe, high in stability and high in encapsulation efficiency. The nanostructured lipid carrier provided by the invention comprises an oil phase and a water phase, wherein the oil phase consists of solid lipid (medium-long chain diglyceride) and liquid lipid (vegetable oil and litsea cubeba essential oil), and the water phase comprises a surfactant and a phosphate buffer solution. The litsea cubeba essential oil serving as partial liquid lipid in the system has double functions of oxidation resistance, bacteriostasis and functional liquid oil, can be better wrapped in a fat crystal lattice, can reduce lattice orderliness of vegetable oil, reduces the problems of essential oil exudation and the like caused by crystal form conversion, improves the solubility and stability of a nano lipid carrier in water, and can well realize the slow release of the essential oil.
The invention also aims to provide the nano-structure lipid carrier emulsion based on the medium-long chain diglyceride embedded litsea cubeba essential oil, which is prepared by the method, has small and uniform emulsion particle size and high stability in the storage process, and shows high encapsulation efficiency and slow release effect which are not possessed by the traditional nano-emulsion and solid lipid nanoparticles.
The invention further aims to provide application of the emulsion based on the nano-structure lipid carrier of the medium-long-chain diglyceride embedded litsea cubeba essential oil in fruit and vegetable preservation, in particular application in blueberry preservation. The nano-structured lipid carrier obtained by the invention can fully play the preservative potential of the litsea cubeba essential oil in the preservation of fruits and vegetables by taking the controllable release performance of the encapsulating material, prolong the shelf life of the fruits and vegetables and improve the economic value.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of a nanostructured lipid carrier based on middle-long chain diglyceride embedded litsea cubeba essential oil comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a nano-structured lipid carrier based on the intermediate-long chain diglyceride embedded litsea cubeba essential oil:
dissolving Litsea cubeba essential oil in vegetable oil, adding the obtained mixed liquid oil into melted medium-long chain diglyceride, heating and stirring to obtain oil phase; adding an emulsifier into a phosphate buffer solution, heating and stirring to obtain a water phase; adding the water phase into the oil phase, and shearing and homogenizing at a high speed to obtain a coarse emulsion; immediately carrying out ultrasonic treatment on the crude emulsion to obtain dispersion;
(2) cooling: and after ultrasonic treatment, immediately stirring the dispersion in an ice bath, cooling to crystallize lipid, and thus obtaining the nano-structure lipid carrier based on the intermediate-long chain diglyceride embedded litsea cubeba essential oil, namely the emulsion embedded the litsea cubeba essential oil.
The medium-long chain diglyceride in the step (1) can be prepared by esterifying monoglyceride containing medium-chain fatty acid and long-chain fatty acid under the catalysis of lipase, or prepared by ester exchange between monoglyceride containing medium-chain fatty acid and triglyceride containing long-chain fatty acid under the catalysis of lipase; or prepared by esterification of monoglycerides containing long chain fatty acids and medium chain fatty acids under lipase catalysis, or transesterification of monoglycerides containing long chain fatty acids with triglycerides containing medium chain fatty acids under lipase catalysis; the melting point range of the medium-long chain diglyceride is 40-70 ℃, wherein the medium-chain fatty acid is selected from one of capric acid and lauric acid, and the long-chain fatty acid is selected from one of myristic acid, palmitic acid or stearic acid.
Purifying the crude product by molecular distillation or solvent method to obtain medium-long chain diglyceride with purity not less than 50%. The molecular distillation method is characterized in that the distillation temperature is 140-200 ℃.
When the medium-long-chain diglyceride is prepared by esterifying monoglyceride and fatty acid (monoglyceride containing medium-chain fatty acid and long-chain fatty acid, or monoglyceride containing long-chain fatty acid and medium-chain fatty acid) under the catalytic action of lipase, wherein the lipase is at least one of Novoxil 435 immobilized lipase, lipozyme CALB lipase and TLIM lipase; the molar ratio of monoglyceride to fatty acid is 1: 3-3: 1, the dosage of lipase is 3-5 wt% of the total mass of monoglyceride and fatty acid, the temperature of esterification is 60-70 ℃, and the reaction time is 30min-3 h;
when the medium-long-chain diglyceride is prepared by transesterification of monoglyceride and triglyceride (monoglyceride containing a medium-chain fatty acid and triglyceride consisting of a long-chain fatty acid, or monoglyceride containing a long-chain fatty acid and triglyceride consisting of a medium-chain fatty acid) under the catalysis of lipase, wherein the lipase is at least one of Novexin 435 immobilized lipase, lipozyme CALB lipase and TLIM lipase; the molar ratio of monoglyceride to triglyceride is 1: 3-3: 1, the dosage of lipase is 3-5 wt% of the total mass of monoglyceride and triglyceride, the temperature of ester exchange reaction is 60-70 ℃, and the reaction time is 30min-3 h.
Preferably, the vegetable oil in step (1) is at least one of olive oil, soybean oil, corn oil, sunflower seed oil, tea seed oil, cottonseed oil, rice bran oil, peanut oil and linseed oil.
As a novel nano delivery system, nano structured lipid carriers (NLCs) can protect loaded bioactive substances from environmental factors, improve water solubility, stability and bioavailability, and enhance controlled release and targeting properties. The lipid matrix of the NLCs is formed by mixing solid lipid and liquid lipid, can overcome the defects of other colloid carriers such as nano emulsion and solid lipid nanoparticles, and compared with Nano Emulsion (NE), the lipid matrix of the NLCs has weak fluidity in the solid matrix and can better realize slow release; compared with Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (SLNs) only with a solid matrix, the existence of the liquid oil slows down the polymorphism transformation of a single type of lipid crystal, provides more disordered lattices to accommodate bioactive substances, and increases the encapsulation efficiency; other entrapment systems such as polymeric nanoparticles typically use organic solvents; the liposome has complex preparation process; the microemulsion has the defects of low encapsulation efficiency, poor stability and the like.
Preferably, the emulsifier in step (1) is one of tween 80, tween 60 and tween 20; the Phosphate Buffer Solution (PBS) contains phosphate ions with the concentration of 0.5-10mM and the pH value of 6-8.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the oil phase to the water phase in the step (1) is (5: 95) - (20: 80), the amount of the emulsifier is 2.0-8.0% of the water phase (namely the addition amount of the emulsifier accounts for 1.6-7.6% of the total mass of the oil phase and the water phase), the amount of the medium-long chain diglyceride is 1.0-5.0% of the total mass of the emulsion, the amount of the vegetable oil is 1.0-5.0% of the total mass of the emulsion, and the amount of the litsea cubeba essential oil is 3.0-10.0% of the total mass. The sum of the mass percentages of the phosphate buffer solution, the diglyceride, the vegetable oil, the litsea cubeba essential oil and the emulsifier is 100 percent.
Preferably, in the step (1), the water phase and the oil phase are heated, the temperature is kept at 55-75 ℃, and the volatilization of the litsea cubeba essential oil is reduced while the melting of medium-long chain diglyceride is ensured.
Preferably, the high-speed shearing and homogenizing speed in the step (1) is 8000-15000 rpm, the homogenizing time is 2-5 minutes, and the water bath temperature in the shearing and homogenizing process is 55-75 ℃.
Preferably, in the step (1), the power of the ultrasonic probe is 300-900W, the ultrasonic time is 4-10 minutes, and the water bath temperature in the ultrasonic process is 55-75 ℃.
Preferably, in the step (2), the dispersion liquid after ultrasonic treatment is placed in an ice water bath, stirred and cooled to room temperature, and the stirring speed is 100-1000 rpm.
The invention discloses a preparation method of a nano-structure lipid carrier for embedding litsea cubeba essential oil by using medium-long chain diglyceride as solid lipid, wherein the diglyceride has both hydrophilic groups and lipophilic groups, so that the oil-water interface tension can be better reduced, the nano-structure lipid carrier has high encapsulation efficiency and high stability, the solubility and stability of the litsea cubeba essential oil in water are improved, the volatilization speed of the essential oil is reduced, and the effects of lasting bacteriostasis and antioxidation are achieved.
A nanostructured lipid carrier based on middle-long chain diglyceride embedded Litsea cubeba essential oil prepared by the above method. The nanostructured lipid carrier has a pale appearance, high encapsulation efficiency, good fluidity, and a lemon fragrance of the litsea cubeba essential oil. The stability and the bioactivity of the essential oil can be protected during processing and storage, ideal slow release can be realized, the problems that the litsea cubeba essential oil is not easy to dissolve in water and has high volatility and is difficult to use as oil are solved, and the broad-spectrum antibacterial property and the antioxidant capacity of the litsea cubeba essential oil are fully exerted. The properties of the lipid carrier embedding different bioactive compounds can be regulated and controlled by changing the preparation conditions of the medium-long chain diglyceride/vegetable oil ratio, the vegetable oil/essential oil ratio, the emulsifier type and content and the like in the nanostructured lipid carrier.
The particle size of the nano-structured lipid carrier based on the middle-long-chain diglyceride embedded litsea cubeba essential oil is 100-300nm, and the encapsulation rate is 92-98%.
The application and preservation of the nanostructured lipid carrier based on the middle-long chain diglyceride embedded litsea cubeba essential oil in the fruit and vegetable preservation comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing an antibacterial paper box: the emulsion embedding the litsea cubeba essential oil is evenly coated on corrugated paper or white cardboard by a spraying mode or a coating rod, and is naturally dried or is placed in an electric heating constant temperature blast drying box for drying, and then is folded into an antibacterial paper box;
(2) and (4) placing the fruits and vegetables in an antibacterial paper box, and storing in a refrigerator.
Compared with the prior art, the invention mainly has the following advantages and effects:
(1) the nano-structure lipid carrier prepared by embedding the litsea cubeba essential oil with the medium-long chain diglyceride solves the problem that the litsea cubeba essential oil is not easy to dissolve in water and difficult to utilize due to high volatility, realizes efficient embedding and slow release of the litsea cubeba essential oil, and fully exerts the broad-spectrum antibacterial activity and the oxidation resistance. The litsea cubeba essential oil is wrapped in the aqueous nanostructured lipid carrier, can be used for fruit and vegetable preservation in a soaking and spraying mode, and the high stability of the nano lipid carrier is also beneficial to the application of the fruit and vegetable in storage and cold chain transportation, so that the litsea cubeba essential oil has wide application prospect in the field of fruit and vegetable preservation and corrosion prevention.
(2) The method has the advantages of simple process, no application of organic reagents, simple ultrasonic treatment operation, environmental friendliness, rapid and continuous preparation, and can prepare emulsions embedding different bioactive compounds by simply regulating and controlling the medium-long-chain diglyceride/vegetable oil ratio, the vegetable oil/essential oil ratio, the types and the content of the emulsifying agents and the like in the nano-structured lipid carrier based on the medium-long-chain diglyceride embedded litsea cubeba essential oil, thereby having better industrial application value.
(3) The medium-long chain diglyceride used in the invention has excellent molecular amphipathy, high melting point, good emulsibility and difficult crystal form conversion in the storage process. The prepared nano-structured lipid carrier based on the medium-long chain diglyceride embedded litsea cubeba essential oil has a light white appearance, good fluidity, moderate viscosity, high encapsulation efficiency and high stability, can be infinitely diluted by water or phosphate buffer solution, is stable at low temperature, and has outstanding advantages compared with the traditional emulsion and the solid lipid nanoparticles which are easy to generate crystal form transformation in the storage process and have low encapsulation efficiency.
(4) The carton tray can be punched according to the requirement, has stronger flexibility, and has more excellence compared with the common cartons processed by the traditional chemical preservative, such as coated corrugated cartons, paperboards and the like specially used for food packaging. The green and safe natural plant essential oil with broad-spectrum bacteriostatic action is added into food packages, so that the spoilage of fruits can be relieved, and the residue of chemical preservatives can be reduced, so that the packaging material is healthier and more environment-friendly.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a particle size distribution diagram, a microscopic view and an actual view of the nano-structured lipid carrier based on the medium-long chain diglyceride embedded litsea cubeba essential oil in example 1.
Fig. 3 shows the encapsulation efficiency of example 1, example 2, example 3, comparative example 1 and comparative example 2.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the effects of example 1, example 2, example 3, comparative example 1 and comparative example 2 on the active oxygen scavenging ability.
Fig. 5 shows the changes in morphology of the blueberries of example 1, example 2, example 3, comparative example 1, comparative example 2 and the control group during storage.
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the change in the decay rate of blueberries of example 1, example 2, example 3, comparative example 1, comparative example 2 and the control group.
Fig. 7 shows the change of the weight loss ratio of blueberries of example 1, example 2, example 3, comparative example 1, comparative example 2 and a control group.
Fig. 8 is a graph showing the change in the blueberry hardness of example 1, example 2, example 3, comparative example 1, comparative example 2 and the control group.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples and drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.
The reagents used in the examples are commercially available without specific reference.
Example 1:
a preparation method of a nanostructured lipid carrier based on middle-long chain diglyceride embedded litsea cubeba essential oil comprises the steps of compounding a water phase and an oil phase containing the litsea cubeba essential oil, wherein the water phase accounts for 90% by mass, and the oil phase accounts for 10% by mass; wherein the aqueous phase comprises 5.4% tween 80 and 84.6% of 5mM phosphate buffer; the oil phase comprises 2% of medium-long chain diglyceride, 3% of olive oil and 5% of litsea cubeba essential oil, and is prepared by the following steps:
(1) preparing and purifying a medium-long chain diglyceride raw material: mixing lauric acid and monoglyceride stearate according to a molar ratio of 3:1, carrying out vacuum-pumping catalytic reaction for 30min at 60 ℃, wherein the catalyst is Novoxin 435 immobilized lipase, the addition amount of the Novoxin 435 immobilized lipase is 5% of the total mass of a substrate, purifying a reacted crude product at 180 ℃ by molecular distillation to obtain purified diglyceride, and detecting by adopting gas chromatography, wherein the proportion of the medium-long chain diglyceride is more than 60%.
(2) Heating the medium-long chain diglyceride containing lauric acid and stearic acid at 70 deg.C, stirring to completely melt, dissolving Litsea cubeba essential oil in oleum Olivarum, and adding the mixture into the melted medium-long chain diglyceride to obtain oil phase; adding Tween 80 into 5mM phosphate buffer solution, preheating at 70 deg.C, and stirring to obtain water phase; adding the water phase into the oil phase, shearing and homogenizing the mixed solution at a high speed of 12000rpm, and preparing a coarse emulsion at the water bath temperature of 70 ℃; then carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 6 minutes under the power of 540W to obtain a diglyceride dispersion liquid for embedding the essential oil;
(2) immediately stirring the dispersion liquid obtained in the step (1) at the rotating speed of 300rpm by using a magnetic stirrer, cooling by stirring, and obtaining the nano-structured lipid carrier of the litsea cubeba essential oil embedded by the medium-and-long-chain diglyceride.
The application of the nano-structure lipid carrier based on the medium-long chain diglyceride embedded litsea cubeba essential oil obtained by the preparation method in an antibacterial paper box comprises the following steps of:
(1) preparing an antibacterial paper box: mixing the emulsion with the essential oil of Litsea cubeba at a ratio of 80g/m2Evenly coating on corrugated paper, naturally air-drying, folding into antibacterial carton.
(2) Placing the blueberries in an antibacterial paper box, and storing in a refrigerator.
Preferably, the size of the bacteriostatic carton tray can be designed according to the actual situation; the preservation temperature of the refrigerator is 4-8 ℃.
Example 2:
the preparation method of the nano-structured lipid carrier based on the intermediate-long-chain diglyceride embedded litsea cubeba essential oil comprises the steps of preparing and purifying the intermediate-long-chain diglyceride in the same way as in example 1, wherein the nano-structured lipid carrier is prepared by compounding a water phase and an oil phase containing the litsea cubeba essential oil, the mass ratio of the water phase is 90%, and the mass ratio of the oil phase is 10%; wherein the aqueous phase is 7.2% tween 20 and 82.8% 5mM phosphate buffer; the oil phase was 2.5% medium-long chain diglyceride containing lauric acid, stearic acid, 2.5% soybean oil, 5% litsea cubeba essential oil, prepared as in example 1.
Example 3:
the preparation method of the nanostructured lipid carrier based on the intermediate-long-chain diglyceride embedded litsea cubeba essential oil comprises the steps of preparing and purifying the intermediate-long-chain diglyceride in the same way as in example 1, wherein the nanostructured lipid carrier is prepared by compounding a water phase and an oil phase containing the litsea cubeba essential oil, the mass ratio of the water phase is 85%, and the mass ratio of the oil phase is 15%; wherein the aqueous phase is 7.2% tween 20 and 77.8% 5mM phosphate buffer; the oil phase comprised 5% lauric acid, medium-chain diglycerides of stearic acid, 5% soybean oil and 5% litsea cubeba essential oil, prepared according to the same procedure as in example 1.
The test method comprises the following steps:
the particle size distribution and the microscopic morphology of the nanostructured lipid carrier are analyzed by a dynamic light scattering analyzer and a transmission electron microscope respectively.
And (3) encapsulation efficiency measurement: mixing the emulsion with 50% ethanol according to a volume ratio of 1: 7, centrifuging at 4000rpm in an ultrafiltration tube for 5 minutes to separate the free essential oil from the ultrafiltration membrane, collecting the filtrate, and diluting with 50% ethanol as appropriate. Adding 1mL chloroform to 1mL emulsion and shaking sufficiently to break the carrier and release the encapsulated essential oil, centrifuging at 10000 for 10 min, collecting the chloroform layer containing the free and embedded essential oil, diluting with 50% ethanol, and measuring with UV-visible spectrophotometer at lambdamaxMeasured at 238 nm. The litsea cubeba essence with the use concentration range of 0.00001-0.00005 mg/mLDrawing a standard curve y-0.00002881674 x-0.00000056298, and calculating the content of the essential oil, wherein the correlation coefficient R is2When y is the concentration of litsea cubeba essential oil (mg/mL), x is the absorbance (a) value of the solution at 238nm, and the encapsulation efficiency is calculated using the following formula:
DPPH free radical clearance determination: preparing sample methanol solutions with the concentration of 0.1-1.0 muL/mL respectively, mixing 500 muL with 3.0mL and 0.06mM of DPPH methanol solution respectively, measuring the absorbance at the wavelength of 517nm, and taking the methanol solution without the sample as a blank control. The number of replicates was 3 and the radical clearance was performed as follows:
calculating IC by plotting sample concentration versus clearance50I.e., the concentration of the nanostructured lipid carrier dispersion required to scavenge 50% of the free radicals.
Wherein A isSample (I)The absorbance value of the sample at 517 nm; a. theBlank spaceIs the absorbance value of blank control at 517 nm.
Evaluation of blueberry rotting rate: the rate of decay is assessed by the degree of softening of the fruit, the leakage of juice from the decay, and the degree of fungal infection. The method is divided into 3 grades according to the corruption condition, wherein the grades are respectively 0 grade: no obvious change on the surface; stage 1: obvious softening phenomenon occurs; stage 2: the softening is serious, and the juice leakage phenomenon occurs; and 3, stage: mildew infection appears on the surface.
The decay rate was calculated as follows:
and (3) evaluating the blueberry weight loss ratio:
and (3) blueberry hardness determination: and (4) adopting a texture analyzer, and aligning a 2mm probe to the equator area of the blueberry for puncture measurement. The penetration depth was 4mm, the speed was 1.5mm/s, the trigger force was 7.0g, and the units were g, measured 15 times per treatment.
Example 4: influence of the type and concentration of emulsifier on the properties of nanostructured lipid carriers based on medium-long chain diglyceride embedded Litsea cubeba essential oil
In this example, 5mM phosphate buffer was used for the aqueous phase, and the oil phase was composed of: medium-and long-chain diglycerides (MLCD) containing lauric acid, stearic acid (the preparation and purification of the medium-and long-chain diglycerides were the same as in example 1), and mixed liquid oil of olive oil to essential oil in a mass ratio of 1: 1. The influence effect of emulsifiers (tween 20 or tween 80) with different concentrations on the particle size, the potential and the dispersion index (PDI) of the nano emulsion is measured by using a dynamic light scattering analyzer, and specific parameters are shown in table 1, wherein the total content of essential oil and olive oil accounts for 5% of the total mass of the water phase and the oil phase, the content of MLCD accounts for 5% of the total mass of the water phase and the oil phase, and the addition amount of tween 80 is the ratio of the total mass of the water phase and the oil phase.
TABLE 1 nanostructured lipid carrier properties based on medium and long chain diglyceride embedded Litsea cubeba essential oil at different emulsifier types and addition levels
Different emulsifier types and concentrations can form emulsions of different particle sizes (table 1). The tween series emulsifiers were able to assist in the formation of small size and uniformly dispersed medium-long chain diglyceride based nanostructured lipid vehicles, all formulated in the following examples with 5.4% tween 80.
Example 5: effect of Olive oil to essential oil ratio on nanostructured lipid Carrier Properties
In this example, the aqueous phase was 0.5mM phosphate buffer, the emulsifier was tween 80, and the oil phase had the following ingredients: medium-long chain diglyceride (MLCD) (preparation and purification of medium-long chain diglyceride same as in example 1), olive oil, litsea cubeba essential oil. The effect of selecting different olive oil to essential oil ratios on the particle size, potential and PDI of the nanoemulsion is shown in table 2. Wherein, the total content of the essential oil and the olive oil accounts for 5 percent of the total mass of the water phase and the oil phase, the content of the MLCD accounts for 5 percent of the total mass of the water phase and the oil phase, and the adding amount of the Tween 80 accounts for 5.4 percent of the total mass of the water phase and the oil phase.
TABLE 2 Effect of Olive oil to essential oil ratio on nanostructured lipid Carrier Properties
The average particle size of the emulsions differed significantly with different ratios of olive oil to essential oil (table 2). When the mass ratio of the olive oil to the essential oil is 1:1, the nanoemulsion has the smallest particle size and good dispersibility.
Example 6: effect of medium-long chain diglyceride to olive oil ratio on the Properties of nanostructured lipid Carriers based on Medium-long chain diglyceride Embedded Litsea cubeba essential oil
In this example, the aqueous phase was 5mM phosphate buffer, the emulsifier was tween 80, and the oil phase had the following ingredients: medium-long-chain diglyceride (MLCD) containing lauric acid and stearic acid (the preparation and purification of the medium-long-chain diglyceride are the same as those in example 1), olive oil, and litsea cubeba essential oil. The influence of the ratio of the long-chain diglyceride to the olive oil on the particle size, the potential and the PDI of the nanoemulsion is analyzed, and specifically, the influence is shown in table 2, wherein the total content of the MLCD and the olive oil accounts for 5% of the total mass of the water phase and the oil phase, and the addition amounts of the essential oil and the Tween 80 refer to the ratio of the mass of the essential oil to the total mass of the water phase and the oil phase.
TABLE 3 Effect of the ratio of medium-to long-chain diglycerides to olive oil on the Properties of the nanostructured lipid Carriers based on Medium-to long-chain diglyceride Embedded Litsea cubeba essential oil
The particle size of the emulsions formed was different for different ratios of diglyceride to olive oil (table 3). When the mass ratio of the medium-long chain diglyceride to the olive oil is 2:3, the formed nano emulsion has the smallest particle size and is uniformly dispersed.
Comparative example 1
(1) Dissolving litsea cubeba essential oil in olive oil and stirring, wherein the mass ratio of the olive oil to the litsea cubeba essential oil is 1:1, obtaining an oil phase; adding tween 80 into 5mM phosphate buffer solution, and stirring uniformly to obtain a water phase; adding the water phase into the oil phase, shearing the mixed solution at a high speed of 15000rpm for homogenization, and then carrying out ultrasonic treatment at a power of 540W for 6 minutes to obtain the traditional nano emulsion embedded with the essential oil.
The formula of the litsea cubeba essential oil-embedded nano emulsion is 5% of olive oil, 5% of litsea cubeba essential oil, 5.4% of tween 80 and 84.6% of phosphate buffer solution.
Comparative example 2
(1) Heating and stirring medium-long-chain diglyceride containing lauric acid and stearic acid (the preparation and purification of the medium-long-chain diglyceride are the same as those in example 1) at 60 ℃ to completely melt the medium-long-chain diglyceride, adding litsea cubeba essential oil into the medium-long-chain diglyceride (the mass ratio is 1: 1), and heating and stirring at 60 ℃ to obtain an oil phase; adding tween 80 into 5mM phosphate buffer solution, preheating at 60 deg.C, and stirring to obtain water phase; adding the water phase into the oil phase, and shearing and homogenizing the mixed solution at a high speed of 15000rpm to obtain a coarse emulsion; then carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 6 minutes under the power of 540W to obtain a diglyceride dispersion liquid for embedding the essential oil;
(2) and (3) immediately stirring the dispersion liquid obtained in the step (1) at the rotating speed of 300rpm by using a magnetic stirrer, cooling by stirring, and obtaining the solid lipid nanoparticles embedded with the litsea cubeba essential oil.
The formula of the solid lipid nanoparticle embedding litsea cubeba essential oil comprises 5% of medium-long chain diglyceride, 5% of litsea cubeba essential oil, 5.4% of tween-80 and 84.6% of phosphate buffer solution.
The results of the emulsion property and blueberry storage process property measurements are shown in tables 4 and 5:
TABLE 4 emulsion Properties
And (3) analysis: as can be seen from Table 4 above, the NLC prepared in example 1 had a whitish appearance, was uniformly dispersed, had good flow, had a fresh lemon flavor, had a particle size of 181.21nm, a PDI of 0.153, an encapsulation efficiency of 97.69%, and a DPPH clearance IC500.76 μ L/mL, and no significant change in particle size and PDI after 60 days of storage at 4 ℃, the encapsulation efficiency decreased slightly to 93.84%, showing higher encapsulation efficiency, better stability and stronger radical scavenging ability compared to comparative examples 1, 2.
TABLE 5 blueberry storage Process Property measurements
And (3) analysis: as can be seen from Table 5 above, all the examples and comparative examples have a certain effect of retarding the decay of the blueberries compared with the control group without any treatment, and the decay rates of the blueberries treated in example 1 are 0%, 0.83%, 3.33% and 5.83% at days 1, 4, 8 and 12, respectively, the weight loss rates are 0.29%, 2.12%, 6.05% and 10.69%, and the hardness rates are 279g, 267g, 255g and 241 g. When the blueberry is stored for 4 days, the blueberry has no obvious change, and a small part of blueberry fruits begin to soften at 8 days.
After 12 days of storage, the rotting rate of the untreated blueberries is 2.79 times of that of the NLC treated group, the weight loss percentage is 1.49 times, and the softening degree of the NLC preserved blueberry fruits is minimum. Compared with the nano emulsion prepared in examples 2 and 3 and the nano emulsion prepared in comparative example 1 and the solid lipid nanoparticles prepared in comparative example 2, the NLC prepared in example 1 has better oxidation resistance and bacteriostasis capacity, and has the best preservation effect on blueberry fruits.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and all such changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of a nanostructured lipid carrier based on middle-long chain diglyceride embedded litsea cubeba essential oil is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) preparing a nano-structured lipid carrier based on the intermediate-long chain diglyceride embedded litsea cubeba essential oil:
dissolving Litsea cubeba essential oil in vegetable oil, adding the obtained mixed liquid oil into melted medium-long chain diglyceride, heating and stirring to obtain oil phase; adding an emulsifier into a phosphate buffer solution, heating and stirring to obtain a water phase; adding the water phase into the oil phase, and shearing and homogenizing at a high speed to obtain a coarse emulsion; immediately carrying out ultrasonic treatment on the coarse emulsion to obtain dispersion;
(2) cooling: and after ultrasonic treatment, immediately stirring the dispersion in an ice bath, cooling to crystallize lipid, and thus obtaining the nano-structure lipid carrier based on the intermediate-long chain diglyceride embedded litsea cubeba essential oil, namely the emulsion embedded the litsea cubeba essential oil.
2. The method for preparing the nanostructured lipid carrier based on the middle-long-chain diglyceride embedded litsea cubeba essential oil according to claim 1, wherein the two corresponding fatty acids after the middle-long-chain diglyceride is completely hydrolyzed in the step (1) are a medium-chain fatty acid and a long-chain fatty acid, wherein the medium-chain fatty acid is selected from capric acid and lauric acid, and the long-chain fatty acid is selected from myristic acid, palmitic acid or stearic acid; the melting point range of the medium-long chain diglyceride in the step (1) is 40-70 ℃, and the purity is not lower than 50%;
preferably, the medium-long chain diglyceride in the step (1) is prepared by esterifying monoglyceride containing medium-chain fatty acid and long-chain fatty acid under the catalysis of lipase, or the monoglyceride containing medium-chain fatty acid and triglyceride containing long-chain fatty acid are prepared by transesterification under the catalysis of lipase; or prepared by esterifying monoglyceride containing long chain fatty acid and medium chain fatty acid under lipase catalysis, or by interesterifying monoglyceride containing long chain fatty acid and triglyceride containing medium chain fatty acid under lipase catalysis; wherein the medium-chain fatty acid is selected from capric acid and lauric acid, and the long-chain fatty acid is selected from myristic acid, palmitic acid or stearic acid.
3. The preparation method of the nanostructured lipid carrier based on the medium-long chain diglyceride embedded litsea cubeba essential oil, which is claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that when the medium-long chain diglyceride is prepared by esterifying monoglyceride and fatty acid under the catalysis of lipase, wherein monoglyceride and fatty acid refer to monoglyceride containing medium-chain fatty acid and long-chain fatty acid, or monoglyceride containing long-chain fatty acid and medium-chain fatty acid; the lipase is at least one of Novexin 435 immobilized lipase, lipozymeCALB lipase and TLIM lipase; the molar ratio of monoglyceride to fatty acid is 1: 3-3: 1, the dosage of lipase is 3-5 wt% of the total mass of monoglyceride and fatty acid, the temperature of esterification is 60-70 ℃, and the reaction time is 30min-3 h;
when the medium-long-chain diglycerides are prepared by transesterification of monoglycerides and triglycerides under the catalytic action of lipase, wherein monoglycerides and triglycerides refer to monoglycerides containing medium-chain fatty acids and triglycerides composed of long-chain fatty acids, or monoglycerides containing long-chain fatty acids and triglycerides composed of medium-chain fatty acids; the lipase is at least one of Novoxil 435 immobilized lipase, lipozymeCALB lipase and TLIM lipase; the molar ratio of monoglyceride to triglyceride is 1: 3-3: 1, the dosage of lipase is 3-5 wt% of the total mass of monoglyceride and triglyceride, the temperature of ester exchange reaction is 60-70 ℃, and the reaction time is 30min-3 h.
4. The method for preparing the nanostructured lipid carrier based on the medium-long chain diglyceride embedded litsea cubeba essential oil according to claim 1, wherein the vegetable oil in the step (1) is at least one of olive oil, soybean oil, corn oil, sunflower seed oil, tea seed oil, cotton seed oil, rice bran oil, peanut oil and linseed oil;
the emulsifier in the step (1) is one of tween 80, tween 20 and tween 60; the phosphate buffer solution has a concentration of 0.5-10mM and a pH of 6-8.
5. The preparation method of the nanostructured lipid carrier based on the middle-long chain diglyceride embedded litsea cubeba essential oil according to claim 1, is characterized in that,
in the step (1), the mass ratio of the oil phase to the water phase is (5: 95) - (20: 80), the amount of the emulsifier is 2.0-8.0% of the water phase, the amount of the medium-long-chain diglyceride is 1.0-5.0% of the total mass of the emulsion, the amount of the vegetable oil is 1.0-5.0% of the total mass of the emulsion, the amount of the litsea cubeba essential oil is 3.0-10.0% of the total mass, and the sum of the mass percentages of the water phase, the diglyceride, the vegetable oil, the litsea cubeba essential oil and the emulsifier is 100%.
6. The preparation method of the nano-structured lipid carrier based on the middle-long chain diglyceride embedded litsea cubeba essential oil disclosed by claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the heating temperature of the water phase and the oil phase is kept at 55-75 ℃, so that the volatilization of the litsea cubeba essential oil is reduced while the melting of the middle-long chain diglyceride is ensured;
in the step (1), the high-speed shearing and homogenizing speed is 8000-15000 rpm, the homogenizing time is 2-5 minutes, and the water bath temperature in the shearing and homogenizing process is 55-75 ℃;
in the step (1), the power of the ultrasonic probe is 300-900W, the ultrasonic time is 4-10 minutes, and the water bath temperature in the ultrasonic process is 55-75 ℃; and (3) placing the dispersion liquid after ultrasonic treatment in an ice water bath, stirring and cooling to room temperature, wherein the stirring speed is 100-1000 rpm.
7. A nanostructured lipid carrier based on medium-long chain diglyceride embedded Litsea cubeba essential oil, characterized in that it is prepared by the method according to any of claims 1 to 6.
8. The nanostructured lipid carrier based on middle-long-chain diglyceride-embedded litsea cubeba essential oil as claimed in claim 7, wherein the particle size of the nanostructured lipid carrier based on middle-long-chain diglyceride-embedded litsea cubeba essential oil is 100 nm and 300nm, and the encapsulation efficiency is 92-98%.
9. The use of the nanostructured lipid carrier based on medium-long chain diglyceride embedded litsea cubeba essential oil according to claim 7 or 8 in fruit and vegetable preservation, in particular in blueberry preservation.
10. The use of the nanostructured lipid carrier based on middle-long chain diglyceride embedded litsea cubeba essential oil according to claim 9, characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) preparing an antibacterial paper box: the emulsion embedding the litsea cubeba essential oil is evenly coated on corrugated paper or white cardboard by a spraying mode or a coating rod, and is naturally dried or is placed in an electric heating constant temperature blast drying box for drying, and then is folded into an antibacterial paper box;
(2) and (4) placing the fruits and vegetables in an antibacterial paper box, and storing in a refrigerator.
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| CN202210450397.9A CN114698688B (en) | 2022-04-24 | 2022-04-24 | Preparation and application of nanostructure lipid carrier |
| PCT/CN2022/106735 WO2023206830A1 (en) | 2022-04-24 | 2022-07-20 | Preparation and application of nanostructured lipid carrier based on medium- and long-chain diglyceride embedded litsea cubeba essential oil |
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| WO2023206830A1 (en) * | 2022-04-24 | 2023-11-02 | 暨南大学 | Preparation and application of nanostructured lipid carrier based on medium- and long-chain diglyceride embedded litsea cubeba essential oil |
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