CN114696184B - Feedback enhancement method of self-injection locking laser based on echo wall external cavity - Google Patents
Feedback enhancement method of self-injection locking laser based on echo wall external cavity Download PDFInfo
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- CN114696184B CN114696184B CN202210290935.2A CN202210290935A CN114696184B CN 114696184 B CN114696184 B CN 114696184B CN 202210290935 A CN202210290935 A CN 202210290935A CN 114696184 B CN114696184 B CN 114696184B
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- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 5
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 3
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/005—Optical devices external to the laser cavity, specially adapted for lasers, e.g. for homogenisation of the beam or for manipulating laser pulses, e.g. pulse shaping
- H01S3/0071—Beam steering, e.g. whereby a mirror outside the cavity is present to change the beam direction
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/005—Optical devices external to the laser cavity, specially adapted for lasers, e.g. for homogenisation of the beam or for manipulating laser pulses, e.g. pulse shaping
Abstract
The invention discloses a self-injection locking laser based on an echo wall external cavity, which comprises a focusing lens, a first prism, an echo wall resonant cavity and a second prism, wherein in the using stage of a user: the laser beam entering the first prism is provided by a DFB laser; in the debugging stage: the outgoing laser of the debugging laser is used as the laser beam entering the first prism after passing through the optical fiber circulator, the collimator and the focusing lens. The invention also discloses a feedback enhancement method of the self-injection locking laser based on the echo wall external cavity. The invention simplifies the reflection feedback and enhances the intensity of reinjection light at the same time so as to better lock the frequency of the laser at the resonance frequency of the echo wall resonant cavity and narrow the line width of the laser; the second prism is insensitive to angle change, so that the anti-seismic performance is improved, and the wavelength selection range of the self-injection locking laser is expanded.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of narrow linewidth lasers, and particularly relates to a self-injection locking laser based on an echo wall outer cavity, and a feedback enhancement method of the self-injection locking laser based on the echo wall outer cavity.
Background
The laser linewidth is one of the core indexes of the laser, and the narrow linewidth laser has wide application in various fields such as atomic optical clocks, quantum information technology, high-resolution optical sensing, laser radars, coherent optical communication and the like. The existing optical fiber laser has narrow linewidth and good stability, but the working wavelength is very limited; the semiconductor laser has the advantages of small volume, low power consumption, wide wavelength range and the like, but is limited by the short cavity length, and the line width can only reach about MHz; the external cavity semiconductor laser has a narrow linewidth, but has poor shock resistance. The self-injection locking technology takes a semiconductor laser as a light source, laser is fed back to a laser tube after being filtered by an external cavity, and the laser tube internally participates in competition with a mode to inhibit spontaneous radiation of the laser tube, so that the narrow linewidth laser output of the laser is finally realized, and the self-injection locking technology has a series of advantages of small volume, low power consumption, good stability, wide wavelength range and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems in the existing feedback optical device, and provides a self-injection locking laser based on an echo wall outer cavity, and also provides a feedback enhancement method of the self-injection locking laser based on the echo wall outer cavity, so as to increase the laser energy of feedback injection and enhance the stability of the laser after locking.
The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical means:
a self-injection locking laser based on whispering gallery outer cavity comprises a focusing lens, a first prism, whispering gallery resonant cavity and a second prism,
the laser beam enters the first prism through the focusing lens and then is totally reflected on the inner surface of the first prism to form an evanescent wave, a part of the laser beam entering the first prism is coupled into the whispering gallery resonant cavity through the evanescent wave, the laser coupled into the whispering gallery resonant cavity from the first prism circulates in the whispering gallery resonant cavity in a clockwise direction in whispering gallery mode, the laser circulated in the whispering gallery resonant cavity in a anticlockwise direction is coupled out of the whispering gallery resonant cavity from the first prism as feedback light,
the laser along the anticlockwise direction in the whispering gallery resonant cavity is coupled into the second prism to be used as injection light, the spherical surface of the second prism is plated with a high reflection film, the high reflection film reflects part of the injection light back to the whispering gallery resonant cavity to be used as back injection light, and the back injection light circulates along the anticlockwise direction in the whispering gallery resonant cavity so as to increase the energy of the laser circulating along the anticlockwise direction in the whispering gallery resonant cavity.
During the use phase of the user: the laser beam entering the first prism is provided by a DFB laser;
in the debugging stage: the outgoing laser of the debugging laser is used as the laser beam entering the first prism after passing through the optical fiber circulator, the collimator and the focusing lens, and the feedback light is detected by the power meter PD after passing through the focusing lens, the collimator and the optical fiber circulator in sequence.
As described above, the second prism is hemispherical, and the sphere center of the second prism is located at or near the coupling point of the whispering gallery resonator.
The refractive index of the first prism and the second prism is higher than the refractive index of the whispering gallery resonator as described above.
The focusing lens couples the spot size of the laser beam to match the gaussian window of the whispering gallery resonator as described above.
A feedback enhancement method of a self-injection locking laser based on an echo wall external cavity comprises the following steps:
step 1, connecting a debugging laser with an input end of an optical fiber circulator, connecting a power device PD with an output end of the optical fiber circulator, connecting a collimator with an input/output multiplexing end of the optical fiber circulator, and arranging a focusing lens between the collimator and a first prism;
step 2, operating and debugging a laser to generate a laser beam;
step 3, adjusting the angle and the space position of the laser beam generated by the debugging laser, operating the distance between the first prism and the whispering gallery resonant cavity, coupling part of the laser beam generated by the debugging laser into the whispering gallery resonant cavity, and circulating in the whispering gallery resonant cavity in a clockwise direction;
step 4, adjusting the position of the second prism, and monitoring the voltage value of the power meter PD so that the voltage value of the power meter PD is the maximum value;
step 5, removing the debugging laser, the optical fiber circulator, the power meter PD and the collimator, and arranging a DFB laser;
step 6, operating the DFB laser to generate a laser beam;
and readjusting the angle and the spatial position of the laser beam generated by the DFB laser, so that a part of the laser beam generated by the DFB laser is coupled into the whispering gallery resonant cavity, the reinjection light is coupled into the first prism and is fed back to the DFB laser as feedback light, thereby realizing self-injection locking of the DFB laser, and locking the laser frequency on the resonant frequency of the whispering gallery resonant cavity.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
by adopting the technical scheme, the reflection feedback is simplified, and meanwhile, the intensity of the reinjection light is enhanced, so that the frequency of the laser is better locked at the resonance frequency of the echo wall resonant cavity and the line width of the laser is narrowed; the second prism is in a hemispherical shape, is insensitive to angle change, and only needs to find out the matching of the hemispherical center and the coupling point of the echo wall resonant cavity in the assembling and adjusting process, so that the assembling and adjusting difficulty of the system is greatly simplified; the second prism is in a hemispherical shape, is insensitive to angle change, and can improve the anti-seismic performance of the laser device; the second prism is hemispherical, has the same feedback effect on different working modes of the echo wall resonant cavity, and expands the wavelength selection range of the self-injection locking laser.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention in a debugging stage.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention at the stage of use by a user.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the geometry of the second prism.
In the figure: 1-a power meter; 2-tuning the laser; 3-fiber circulator; a 4-collimator; a 5-focus lens; 6-a first prism; 7-whispering gallery resonators; 8-a second prism; 9-high reflection film; 10-DFB lasers.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the following examples, which are provided to facilitate understanding and practicing the present invention by those of ordinary skill in the art, and it should be understood that the examples described herein are for the purpose of illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the present invention.
Example 1:
a whispering gallery external cavity based self-injection locking laser comprising:
the laser is debugged, a laser beam is generated, and the optical fiber is coupled and output for debugging. The DFB laser generates laser beams and outputs the laser beams to users finally.
During the use phase of the user:
the laser beam entering the first prism is provided by a DFB laser.
The first prism is positioned in the light path of the laser beam, the laser beam generated by the DFB laser enters the first prism through the focusing lens and then is totally reflected on the inner surface of the first prism to form an evanescent wave, the position and the angle of the laser beam are adjusted to enable the phase between the evanescent wave and the echo wall resonant cavity to be matched, and the specific formula is as follows:
in the formula (1),for the coupling angle of the laser beam, beta is the propagation constant of the whispering gallery resonant cavity, k is the wave vector of the laser, the refractive index n of the material selected by the first prism is the value of the formula (1) p The refractive index n is required to be higher than the material chosen for the whispering gallery resonator. After the phase matching condition is met, at least one part of the laser beam entering the first prism is coupled into the whispering gallery resonant cavity through the evanescent wave, the laser coupled into the whispering gallery resonant cavity from the first prism circulates in the whispering gallery resonant cavity in a clockwise direction in a whispering gallery mode, the laser circulated in the anticlockwise direction in the whispering gallery resonant cavity is coupled out of the whispering gallery resonant cavity from the first prism as feedback light, the feedback light returns into the DFB laser, and the linewidth of the DFB laser is narrowed.
The second prism is coupled with the whispering gallery resonant cavity at a position different from that of the first prism, and laser in the whispering gallery resonant cavity along the anticlockwise direction is coupled into the second prism to serve as injection light; the spherical surface of the second prism is plated with a high-reflection film and is used for reflecting at least part of injected light back to the whispering gallery resonant cavity to be used as back injected light; the back injection light circulates in the echo wall resonant cavity along the anticlockwise direction so as to increase the energy of laser light circulating in the echo wall resonant cavity along the anticlockwise direction, thereby enhancing the laser energy of feedback light fed back to the DFB laser through the first prism, and locking the frequency of the DFB laser at the resonant frequency of the echo wall resonant cavity and narrowing the linewidth of the laser. The refractive index of the material selected for the second prism needs to be higher than that of the material selected for the whispering gallery resonator.
The second prism is hemispherical, and the sphere center of the second prism is positioned at or close to the coupling point of the whispering gallery resonant cavity.
And the spherical surface of the second prism is plated with a high reflection film, and at least part of the injected light is reflected back to the whispering gallery resonant cavity to be used as back injected light.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the geometry of the second prism, which is in a hemispherical shape, the top of the sphere and both symmetrical sides of the hemisphere are cut into planes to facilitate the fixation of the second prism, and the spherical surface of the second prism is coated with a highly reflective film. The sphere center of the second prism is at or near the coupling point, the second prism is insensitive to the laser angle, divergence angle and the like coupled by the echo wall resonant cavity, and compared with other external reflection feedback optical devices, the stability is obviously improved, and the adjustment difficulty is greatly reduced.
In the debugging stage:
the outgoing laser of the debugging laser is used as the laser beam entering the first prism after passing through the optical fiber circulator, the collimator and the focusing lens.
The feedback light is detected by the power meter PD after passing through the focusing lens, the collimator and the optical fiber circulator in sequence.
The first prism, whispering gallery resonator and second prism operate in the same manner as in the user use phase.
Example 2:
a feedback enhancement method of a self-injection locking laser based on a whispering gallery outer cavity, which is implemented by using the self-injection locking laser based on the whispering gallery outer cavity in the embodiment 1, comprises the following steps:
step 1, connecting a debugging laser with an input end of an optical fiber circulator, connecting a power device PD with an output end of the optical fiber circulator, connecting a collimator with an input/output multiplexing end of the optical fiber circulator, and arranging a focusing lens between the collimator and a first prism;
step 2, operating and debugging a laser to generate a laser beam;
step 3, adjusting the angle and the space position of the laser beam generated by the debugging laser, operating the distance between the first prism and the whispering gallery resonant cavity, coupling part of the laser beam generated by the debugging laser into the whispering gallery resonant cavity, and circulating in the whispering gallery resonant cavity in a clockwise direction;
step 4, adjusting the position of the second prism, monitoring the voltage value of the power meter PD, and when the voltage value of the power meter PD is the maximum value, indicating that the sphere center of the second prism is adjusted to the position of or near the coupling point of the whispering gallery resonant cavity, wherein the laser energy circulating in the whispering gallery resonant cavity along the anticlockwise direction is enhanced;
step 5, removing the debugging laser, the optical fiber circulator, the power meter PD and the collimator, and arranging a DFB laser;
step 6, operating the DFB laser to generate a laser beam;
the angle and the space position of the laser beam generated by the DFB laser are readjusted, so that a part of the laser beam generated by the DFB laser is coupled into the whispering gallery resonant cavity, at the moment, the first prism and the second prism are adjusted, the reinjection light is coupled into the first prism, and is fed back to the DFB laser as feedback light, so that self-injection locking of the DFB laser is realized, and the laser frequency is locked on the resonant frequency of the whispering gallery resonant cavity.
It should be noted that the specific embodiments described in this application are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the described embodiments or substitutions thereof without departing from the spirit of the invention or its scope as defined in the accompanying claims.
Claims (5)
1. The self-injection locking laser based on the whispering gallery outer cavity comprises a focusing lens, and is characterized by also comprising a first prism, a whispering gallery resonant cavity and a second prism,
the laser beam enters the first prism through the focusing lens and then is totally reflected on the inner surface of the first prism to form an evanescent wave, a part of the laser beam entering the first prism is coupled into the whispering gallery resonant cavity through the evanescent wave, the laser coupled into the whispering gallery resonant cavity from the first prism circulates in the whispering gallery resonant cavity in a clockwise direction in whispering gallery mode, the laser circulated in the whispering gallery resonant cavity in a anticlockwise direction is coupled out of the whispering gallery resonant cavity from the first prism as feedback light,
the laser along the anticlockwise direction in the whispering gallery resonant cavity is coupled into a second prism as injection light, the spherical surface of the second prism is plated with a high reflection film, the high reflection film reflects part of the injection light back to the whispering gallery resonant cavity as back injection light, the back injection light circulates along the anticlockwise direction in the whispering gallery resonant cavity so as to increase the energy of the laser circulating along the anticlockwise direction in the whispering gallery resonant cavity,
the second prism is hemispherical, the spherical top and the symmetrical two sides of the hemisphere are cut into planes, and the spherical center of the second prism is located at or close to the coupling point of the echo wall resonant cavity.
2. The self-injection locking laser based on whispering gallery external cavity as claimed in claim 1, wherein, during the user use phase: the laser beam entering the first prism is provided by a DFB laser;
in the debugging stage: the outgoing laser of the debugging laser is used as the laser beam entering the first prism after passing through the optical fiber circulator, the collimator and the focusing lens, and the feedback light is detected by the power meter PD after passing through the focusing lens, the collimator and the optical fiber circulator in sequence.
3. The self-injection locking laser of claim 2, wherein the first prism and the second prism have refractive indices higher than the whispering gallery resonator.
4. The whispering gallery external cavity based self-injection locking laser as claimed in claim 2, wherein the focusing lens couples the spot size of the laser beam to match the whispering gallery resonator gaussian window.
5. A feedback enhancement method of a self-injection locking laser based on an echo wall external cavity, using the self-injection locking laser based on an echo wall external cavity as claimed in claim 2, comprising the steps of:
step 1, connecting a debugging laser with an input end of an optical fiber circulator, connecting a power device PD with an output end of the optical fiber circulator, connecting a collimator with an input/output multiplexing end of the optical fiber circulator, and arranging a focusing lens between the collimator and a first prism;
step 2, operating and debugging a laser to generate a laser beam;
step 3, adjusting the angle and the space position of the laser beam generated by the debugging laser, operating the distance between the first prism and the whispering gallery resonant cavity, coupling part of the laser beam generated by the debugging laser into the whispering gallery resonant cavity, and circulating in the whispering gallery resonant cavity in a clockwise direction;
step 4, adjusting the position of the second prism, and monitoring the voltage value of the power meter PD so that the voltage value of the power meter PD is the maximum value;
step 5, removing the debugging laser, the optical fiber circulator, the power meter PD and the collimator, and arranging a DFB laser;
step 6, operating the DFB laser to generate a laser beam;
and readjusting the angle and the spatial position of the laser beam generated by the DFB laser, so that a part of the laser beam generated by the DFB laser is coupled into the whispering gallery resonant cavity, the reinjection light is coupled into the first prism and is fed back to the DFB laser as feedback light, thereby realizing self-injection locking of the DFB laser, and locking the laser frequency on the resonant frequency of the whispering gallery resonant cavity.
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| CN115473122B (en) * | 2022-10-08 | 2023-06-09 | 北京大学长三角光电科学研究院 | External cavity type semiconductor laser |
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| CN102377098A (en) * | 2010-08-10 | 2012-03-14 | Oe电波公司 | Feedback-enhanced self-injection locking of lasers to optical resonators |
| CN106058626A (en) * | 2007-06-13 | 2016-10-26 | Oe电波公司 | Tunable lasers locked to whispering gallery mode resonators |
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| CN106058626A (en) * | 2007-06-13 | 2016-10-26 | Oe电波公司 | Tunable lasers locked to whispering gallery mode resonators |
| CN102377098A (en) * | 2010-08-10 | 2012-03-14 | Oe电波公司 | Feedback-enhanced self-injection locking of lasers to optical resonators |
| CN202373845U (en) * | 2010-08-10 | 2012-08-08 | Oe电波公司 | Self-injection locking of feedback enhancement of laser to optical resonator |
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