CN114693880B - Building mesh model elevation trimming method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a building mesh model elevation finishing method, which comprises the following steps: 1. acquiring aviation images of a building by an unmanned aerial vehicle; 2. generating a building mesh model by using the building aerial image; 3. generating a building mesh model three-dimensional wheel Guo Xian; 4. building mesh model facade finishing. The method has simple steps and reasonable design, and can automatically carry out the facade trimming in batches, thereby finishing the trimming of the facade of the mesh model of the building rapidly and efficiently and greatly improving the die trimming efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of mapping geographic information models, and particularly relates to a building mesh model elevation trimming method.
Background
At present, real-scene three-dimensional Chinese construction is well performed, unmanned aerial vehicle aerial photography has the advantages of high mobility, fast data acquisition, rich data textures and the like, a real-world three-dimensional model is created by means of unmanned aerial vehicle aerial photogrammetry technology, and digitization of a real scene is completed, so that the unmanned aerial vehicle aerial photography has become a main technical means. However, the building mesh model created by the unmanned aerial vehicle aerial photography technology has the vertical face problems of window drawing, glass hollowing, wall surface twisting and the like, and in order to meet the requirements of the high-quality and high-precision building mesh model, the method for efficiently trimming the vertical face of the building mesh model is particularly important.
The existing building mesh model modification software needs to carry out trimming treatment on each vertical face of a building independently, has complicated treatment steps, long treatment time and low efficiency, wastes a great deal of labor and time cost, and is difficult to meet the requirement of rapid development of real-scene three-dimensional Chinese construction.
Therefore, a method for trimming the vertical surfaces of the mesh model of the building is needed, and the vertical surfaces of the mesh model of the building can be automatically trimmed in batches, so that the trimming of the vertical surfaces of the mesh model of the building can be quickly and efficiently finished, and the die trimming efficiency is greatly improved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide the building mesh model elevation trimming method which has simple steps and reasonable design, and can automatically trim the elevation in batches, thereby finishing the trimming of the building mesh model elevation rapidly and efficiently and greatly improving the die trimming efficiency.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the method for trimming the vertical face of the mesh model of the building is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step one, acquiring aviation images of a building by an unmanned aerial vehicle:
step 101, setting flight parameters of the unmanned aerial vehicle; the unmanned aerial vehicle is set to have a heading overlapping degree of 80%, a side overlapping degree of 75%, an aerial photographing height of the unmanned aerial vehicle is h, a photographing interval of the unmanned aerial vehicle is l, and the unmanned aerial vehicle flies in an east-west S-shaped route;
102, carrying a five-lens camera on an unmanned aerial vehicle, acquiring aerial images of a building area to be measured by using an oblique photography technology, acquiring a plurality of building aerial images and POS data corresponding to the building aerial images, and transmitting the building aerial images and POS data to a computer;
generating a building mesh model by using building aerial images:
step 201, importing a plurality of building aerial images and POS data corresponding to the building aerial images into Context Capture software by adopting a computer, and performing space-three encryption processing on the building aerial images and the POS data corresponding to the building aerial images by utilizing the Context Capture software to obtain building point cloud data;
step 202, adopting a computer to utilize a 'Regular planar grid' tool in Context Capture software, setting the size of the Tile in the 'Regular planar grid' tool to be 80-130, operating a 'Reconstruction' tool to process building point cloud data to obtain a building mesh model, and storing the building mesh model as a. Osgb file and an. Obj file;
step three, generating a three-dimensional wheel Guo Xian of a building mesh model:
step 301, importing a building mesh model of the osgb file into CASS3D software by adopting a computer, and drawing a two-dimensional main body contour line of a building in the building mesh model by utilizing a multi-point general house tool in the CASS3D software to obtain the two-dimensional main body contour line of the building; the two-dimensional main body contour line of the building is saved as a dxf file;
step 302, importing a building mesh model in an obj format and a building two-dimensional main body contour line corresponding to the building mesh model into Houdini software by adopting a computer;
step 303, merging the imported building mesh model by using a Merge_set node in the Houdini software by adopting a computer so as to lead the building mesh model to be completely imported into the Houdini software;
step 304, numbering the imported two-dimensional main body contour line of the building by using split_set nodes in Houdini software by adopting a computer, and establishing a one-to-one correspondence between the two-dimensional main body contour line of the building and a mesh model of the building;
step 305, creating a make_height node in Houdini software by adopting a computer, and then manually adjusting a bottom_height parameter and a top_height parameter in the make_height node by utilizing the make_height node according to the maximum height of a building in a building area to be measured, so as to generate a three-dimensional building main body contour line from a building two-dimensional main body contour line;
step 306, setting the Color of the contour line of the three-dimensional building main body by using a color_set tool in Houdini software by adopting a computer, merging the contour lines of the three-dimensional building main body by using a merge_set tool, and completing the integral display of the contour lines of the three-dimensional building main body;
fourthly, finishing the vertical face of the building mesh model:
step 401, generating three-dimensional building geometric bodies from all three-dimensional building main body contour lines by using a computer through a make_polygon node in Houdini software;
step 402, a node_edition Node is created in Houdini software by adopting a computer, and setting an adsorption threshold value and a normal direction is completed by setting a threshold_value parameter to 0.4 and a normal_direction parameter to 0;
step 403, using a computer to utilize node_edit nodes in the Houdini software, operating a process button, and trimming the vertical face of the building mesh model so that the vertical face of the building mesh model is overlapped with the vertical face of the three-dimensional building geometric body, thereby obtaining a building mesh model with the trimmed vertical face;
and 404, exporting the building mesh model after the facade trimming by using a computer through a rop_geometry node in Houdini software, and storing the building mesh model as an obj file.
The building mesh model elevation trimming method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: in step 101, the aerial photographing height of the unmanned aerial vehicle is h, and the specific acquisition process is as follows:
step 1011, setting the ground resolution as GSD, and obtaining the lens focal length of the five-lens camera as f, and the pixel size of the five-lens camera as a;
step 1012, using a computer to calculate the formulaObtaining the aerial photographing height h of the unmanned aerial vehicle.
The building mesh model elevation trimming method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: in step 305, a computer is used to create a make_height node in Houdini software, and the specific process is as follows:
an editing command window of a computer in Houdini software is adopted, a sub-network input node, a null node, a conversion node, a private node, a split_private_by_normal node, a reverse node, a merge node, a transform node, a group node, a polyextrusion node and an output node in Houdini software are added, and the sub-network input node, the null node, the conversion node, the private node, the split_by_normal node, the reverse node, the merge node, the transform node, the group node, the output node and the output node in Houdini software are sequentially connected, so that the creation of a make_height node is completed; the method comprises the steps of adding a bottom_height parameter into a transform node, and setting an initial value to be-10; the top_height parameter is added to the polyextrude node and the initial value is set to 10.
The building mesh model elevation trimming method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: in step 402, a computer is used to create a node_edit Node in Houdini software, and the specific process is as follows:
adding sub-network input Node, attribdelete Node, group remote Node, sub-network input Node, attribute Node, and attribute Node into an Edit command window in Houdini software by using a computer a discover Node, a fuse Node, a grouxpand Node, a groupcombine Node, a bound Node, a ray Node, a connectivity Node, a foreach_begin Node a polyethtrude Node, an extraletter Node, a clip Node, a forward end Node, a transform Node, a smooth Node, a remesh Node, a null Node, a boost Node, a blendhapes Node, a grouxpress Node, a blast Node, a groupdelete Node, a clean Node, a normal Node, and an output Node, the sub-network Node, input Node, attribute Node, group copy Node, discover Node, fuse Node, group xppad Node, group copy Node, bound Node, ray Node, connectivity Node, forward_begin Node, polyethtrude Node, extract_receivers Node, clip Node, forward_end Node, transform Node, smooth Node, return Node, null Node, tank Node, block handles Node, group copy Node, normal Node and tput Node are connected in sequence, and then the creation of the node_edit Node is completed; wherein, a thread parameter is added in the polyexture node and is set to 0.4; the normal direction parameter is added to the transform node and set to 0.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the building mesh model facade trimming method disclosed by the invention is simple in steps and reasonable in design, and based on the building mesh model obtained by building aerial images, the contour line of the building main body is rapidly and accurately obtained through CASS3D software, so that the accuracy of subsequent facade trimming is ensured.
2. The building mesh model elevation trimming method is simple and convenient to operate and good in effect, firstly, unmanned aerial vehicle is used for collecting aerial images of a building, then building mesh models are generated by utilizing the aerial images of the building, then three-dimensional contour lines of the building mesh models are generated, and finally, the building mesh models are trimmed in elevation, so that elevation trimming can be automatically carried out in batches.
3. According to the invention, the three-dimensional building geometric body is generated based on the contour line of the building main body, and the facade of the building mesh model is overlapped with the facade of the three-dimensional building geometric body, so that the facade-trimmed building mesh model is obtained, and compared with the traditional facade trimming mode, the processing speed is faster and the processing efficiency is higher.
4. The invention creates the make_height node to generate the outline of the three-dimensional building main body, thereby facilitating the generation of the follow-up three-dimensional building geometric body; the node_edition Node is created, and the vertical face of the building mesh model is trimmed, so that the vertical face of the building mesh model is overlapped with the vertical face of the three-dimensional building geometric body, the vertical face of the building mesh model is leveled automatically in batches, the precision of the vertical face trimming is high, the processing speed is 8-10 times that of the traditional building vertical face trimming, and the die trimming efficiency is greatly improved.
In conclusion, the method has simple steps and reasonable design, and can automatically carry out the facade trimming in batches, thereby finishing the trimming of the facade of the mesh model of the building rapidly and efficiently, and greatly improving the die trimming efficiency.
The technical scheme of the invention is further described in detail through the drawings and the embodiments.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention.
Detailed Description
A method for finishing a facade of a mesh model of a building as shown in fig. 1, comprising the steps of:
step one, acquiring aviation images of a building by an unmanned aerial vehicle:
step 101, setting flight parameters of the unmanned aerial vehicle; the unmanned aerial vehicle is set to have a heading overlapping degree of 80%, a side overlapping degree of 75%, an aerial photographing height of the unmanned aerial vehicle is h, a photographing interval of the unmanned aerial vehicle is l, and the unmanned aerial vehicle flies in an east-west S-shaped route;
102, carrying a five-lens camera on an unmanned aerial vehicle, acquiring aerial images of a building area to be measured by using an oblique photography technology, acquiring a plurality of building aerial images and POS data corresponding to the building aerial images, and transmitting the building aerial images and POS data to a computer;
generating a building mesh model by using building aerial images:
step 201, importing a plurality of building aerial images and POS data corresponding to the building aerial images into Context Capture software by adopting a computer, and performing space-three encryption processing on the building aerial images and the POS data corresponding to the building aerial images by utilizing the Context Capture software to obtain building point cloud data;
step 202, adopting a computer to utilize a 'Regular planar grid' tool in Context Capture software, setting the size of the Tile in the 'Regular planar grid' tool to be 80-130, operating a 'Reconstruction' tool to process building point cloud data to obtain a building mesh model, and storing the building mesh model as a. Osgb file and an. Obj file;
step three, generating a three-dimensional wheel Guo Xian of a building mesh model:
step 301, importing a building mesh model of the osgb file into CASS3D software by adopting a computer, and drawing a two-dimensional main body contour line of a building in the building mesh model by utilizing a multi-point general house tool in the CASS3D software to obtain the two-dimensional main body contour line of the building; the two-dimensional main body contour line of the building is saved as a dxf file;
step 302, importing a building mesh model in an obj format and a building two-dimensional main body contour line corresponding to the building mesh model into Houdini software by adopting a computer;
step 303, merging the imported building mesh model by using a Merge_set node in the Houdini software by adopting a computer so as to lead the building mesh model to be completely imported into the Houdini software;
step 304, numbering the imported two-dimensional main body contour line of the building by using split_set nodes in Houdini software by adopting a computer, and establishing a one-to-one correspondence between the two-dimensional main body contour line of the building and a mesh model of the building;
step 305, creating a make_height node in Houdini software by adopting a computer, and then manually adjusting a bottom_height parameter and a top_height parameter in the make_height node by utilizing the make_height node according to the maximum height of a building in a building area to be measured, so as to generate a three-dimensional building main body contour line from a building two-dimensional main body contour line;
step 306, setting the Color of the contour line of the three-dimensional building main body by using a color_set tool in Houdini software by adopting a computer, merging the contour lines of the three-dimensional building main body by using a merge_set tool, and completing the integral display of the contour lines of the three-dimensional building main body;
fourthly, finishing the vertical face of the building mesh model:
step 401, generating three-dimensional building geometric bodies from all three-dimensional building main body contour lines by using a computer through a make_polygon node in Houdini software;
step 402, a node_edition Node is created in Houdini software by adopting a computer, and setting an adsorption threshold value and a normal direction is completed by setting a threshold_value parameter to 0.4 and a normal_direction parameter to 0;
step 403, using a computer to utilize node_edit nodes in the Houdini software, operating a process button, and trimming the vertical face of the building mesh model so that the vertical face of the building mesh model is overlapped with the vertical face of the three-dimensional building geometric body, thereby obtaining a building mesh model with the trimmed vertical face;
and 404, exporting the building mesh model after the facade trimming by using a computer through a rop_geometry node in Houdini software, and storing the building mesh model as an obj file.
In this embodiment, in step 101, the aerial photographing height of the unmanned aerial vehicle is h, and the specific acquisition process is as follows:
step 1011, setting the ground resolution as GSD, and obtaining the lens focal length of the five-lens camera as f, and the pixel size of the five-lens camera as a;
step 1012, using a computer to calculate the formulaObtaining the aerial photographing height h of the unmanned aerial vehicle.
In this embodiment, in step 305, a computer is used to create a make_height node in Houdini software, and the specific process is as follows:
an editing command window of a computer in Houdini software is adopted, a sub-network input node, a null node, a conversion node, a private node, a split_private_by_normal node, a reverse node, a merge node, a transform node, a group node, a polyextrusion node and an output node in Houdini software are added, and the sub-network input node, the null node, the conversion node, the private node, the split_by_normal node, the reverse node, the merge node, the transform node, the group node, the output node and the output node in Houdini software are sequentially connected, so that the creation of a make_height node is completed; the method comprises the steps of adding a bottom_height parameter into a transform node, and setting an initial value to be-10; the top_height parameter is added to the polyextrude node and the initial value is set to 10.
In this embodiment, in step 402, a computer is used to create a node_edit Node in Houdini software, and the specific process is as follows:
adding sub-network input Node, attribdelete Node, group remote Node, sub-network input Node, attribute Node, and attribute Node into an Edit command window in Houdini software by using a computer a discover Node, a fuse Node, a grouxpand Node, a groupcombine Node, a bound Node, a ray Node, a connectivity Node, a foreach_begin Node a polyethtrude Node, an extraletter Node, a clip Node, a forward end Node, a transform Node, a smooth Node, a remesh Node, a null Node, a boost Node, a blendhapes Node, a grouxpress Node, a blast Node, a groupdelete Node, a clean Node, a normal Node, and an output Node, the sub-network Node, input Node, attribute Node, group copy Node, discover Node, fuse Node, group xppad Node, group copy Node, bound Node, ray Node, connectivity Node, forward_begin Node, polyethtrude Node, extract_receivers Node, clip Node, forward_end Node, transform Node, smooth Node, return Node, null Node, tank Node, block handles Node, group copy Node, normal Node and tput Node are connected in sequence, and then the creation of the node_edit Node is completed; wherein, a thread parameter is added in the polyexture node and is set to 0.4; the normal direction parameter is added to the transform node and set to 0.
In this embodiment, in actual use, the building aerial image is a color image, and the size of the building aerial image is 8192×5460.
In this embodiment, the ground resolution GSD is 1.8cm in actual use.
In this embodiment, in actual use, the photographing interval l of the unmanned aerial vehicle is (1-80%) ×5460×gsd.
In this embodiment, during actual use, in the process of sequentially connecting the sub-network input node, the null node, the conversion node, the private node, the split_private_by_normal node, the reverse node, the merge node, the transform node, the group node, the multiple node and the output node in the Houdini software, the connection between two adjacent nodes is the input of the output of one node to the input of the other node.
In this embodiment, when the node_edit Node is created in actual use, the connection between two adjacent nodes is the input from the output of one Node to the input of the other Node.
In this embodiment, in actual use, the difference between the top_height parameter and the bottom_height parameter in step 305 is not smaller than the maximum height of the building in the building area to be measured.
In this embodiment, in actual use, the bottom_height parameter is set to-13.43 and the top_height parameter is set to 13.66.
In conclusion, the method has simple steps and reasonable design, and can automatically carry out the facade trimming in batches, thereby finishing the trimming of the facade of the mesh model of the building rapidly and efficiently, and greatly improving the die trimming efficiency.
The foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and any simple modification, variation and equivalent structural changes made to the above embodiment according to the technical substance of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The method for trimming the vertical face of the mesh model of the building is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step one, acquiring aviation images of a building by an unmanned aerial vehicle:
step 101, setting flight parameters of the unmanned aerial vehicle; the unmanned aerial vehicle is set to have a heading overlapping degree of 80%, a side overlapping degree of 75%, an aerial photographing height of the unmanned aerial vehicle is h, a photographing interval of the unmanned aerial vehicle is l, and the unmanned aerial vehicle flies in an east-west S-shaped route;
102, carrying a five-lens camera on an unmanned aerial vehicle, acquiring aerial images of a building area to be measured by using an oblique photography technology, acquiring a plurality of building aerial images and POS data corresponding to the building aerial images, and transmitting the building aerial images and POS data to a computer;
generating a building mesh model by using building aerial images:
step 201, importing a plurality of building aerial images and POS data corresponding to the building aerial images into Context Capture software by adopting a computer, and performing space-three encryption processing on the building aerial images and the POS data corresponding to the building aerial images by utilizing the Context Capture software to obtain building point cloud data;
step 202, adopting a computer to utilize a 'Regular planar grid' tool in Context Capture software, setting the size of the Tile in the 'Regular planar grid' tool to be 80-130, operating a 'Reconstruction' tool to process building point cloud data to obtain a building mesh model, and storing the building mesh model as a. Osgb file and an. Obj file;
step three, generating a three-dimensional wheel Guo Xian of a building mesh model:
step 301, importing a building mesh model of the osgb file into CASS3D software by adopting a computer, and drawing a two-dimensional main body contour line of a building in the building mesh model by utilizing a multi-point general house tool in the CASS3D software to obtain the two-dimensional main body contour line of the building; the two-dimensional main body contour line of the building is saved as a dxf file;
step 302, importing a building mesh model in an obj format and a building two-dimensional main body contour line corresponding to the building mesh model into Houdini software by adopting a computer;
step 303, merging the imported building mesh model by using a Merge_set node in the Houdini software by adopting a computer so as to lead the building mesh model to be completely imported into the Houdini software;
step 304, numbering the imported two-dimensional main body contour line of the building by using split_set nodes in Houdini software by adopting a computer, and establishing a one-to-one correspondence between the two-dimensional main body contour line of the building and a mesh model of the building;
step 305, creating a make_height node in Houdini software by adopting a computer, and then manually adjusting a bottom_height parameter and a top_height parameter in the make_height node by utilizing the make_height node according to the maximum height of a building in a building area to be measured, so as to generate a three-dimensional building main body contour line from a building two-dimensional main body contour line;
step 306, setting the Color of the contour line of the three-dimensional building main body by using a color_set tool in Houdini software by adopting a computer, merging the contour lines of the three-dimensional building main body by using a merge_set tool, and completing the integral display of the contour lines of the three-dimensional building main body;
fourthly, finishing the vertical face of the building mesh model:
step 401, generating three-dimensional building geometric bodies from all three-dimensional building main body contour lines by using a computer through a make_polygon node in Houdini software;
step 402, a node_edition Node is created in Houdini software by adopting a computer, and setting an adsorption threshold value and a normal direction is completed by setting a threshold_value parameter to 0.4 and a normal_direction parameter to 0;
step 403, using a computer to utilize node_edit nodes in the Houdini software, operating a process button, and trimming the vertical face of the building mesh model so that the vertical face of the building mesh model is overlapped with the vertical face of the three-dimensional building geometric body, thereby obtaining a building mesh model with the trimmed vertical face;
and 404, exporting the building mesh model after the facade trimming by using a computer through a rop_geometry node in Houdini software, and storing the building mesh model as an obj file.
2. A method of building mesh model facade modification according to claim 1, characterised by: in step 101, the aerial photographing height of the unmanned aerial vehicle is h, and the specific acquisition process is as follows:
step 1011, setting the ground resolution as GSD, and obtaining the lens focal length of the five-lens camera as f, and the pixel size of the five-lens camera as a;
step 1012, using a computer to calculate the formulaObtaining the aerial photographing height h of the unmanned aerial vehicle.
3. A method of building mesh model facade modification according to claim 1, characterised by: in step 305, a computer is used to create a make_height node in Houdini software, and the specific process is as follows:
adding a sub-network input node, a null node, a conversion node, a private node, a split_private_by_normal node, a reverse node, a merge node, a transform node, a group node, a polyplexe node and an output node in Houdini software by adopting an edit command window of a computer in the Houdini software, and sequentially connecting the sub-network input node, the null node, the transition node, the private node, the split_by_normal node, the reverse node, the merge node, the transform node, the group node, the output node and the output node in the Houdini software to finish the creation of the make_height node; the method comprises the steps of adding a bottom_height parameter into a transform node, and setting an initial value to be-10; the top_height parameter is added to the polyextrude node and the initial value is set to 10.
4. A method of building mesh model facade modification according to claim 1, characterised by: in step 402, a computer is used to create a node_edit Node in Houdini software, and the specific process is as follows:
adding sub-network input Node, attribdelete Node, group remote Node, sub-network input Node, attribute Node, and attribute Node into an Edit command window in Houdini software by using a computer a discover Node, a fuse Node, a grouxpand Node, a groupcombine Node, a bound Node, a ray Node, a connectivity Node, a foreach_begin Node a polyethtrude Node, an extraletter Node, a clip Node, a forward end Node, a transform Node, a smooth Node, a remesh Node, a null Node, a boost Node, a blendhapes Node, a grouxpress Node, a blast Node, a groupdelete Node, a clean Node, a normal Node, and an output Node, the sub-network Node, input Node, attribute Node, group copy Node, discover Node, fuse Node, group xppad Node, group copy Node, bound Node, ray Node, connectivity Node, forward_begin Node, polyethtrude Node, extract_receivers Node, clip Node, forward_end Node, transform Node, smooth Node, return Node, null Node, tank Node, block handles Node, group copy Node, normal Node and tput Node are connected in sequence, and then the creation of the node_edit Node is completed; wherein, a thread parameter is added in the polyexture node and is set to 0.4; the normal direction parameter is added to the transform node and set to 0.
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