CN114693544A - Wide-color-gamut-based image toning method, device and storage medium - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses an image toning method, equipment and a storage medium based on a wide color gamut, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps: inputting an original image, converting the original image into a wide color gamut color space, separating a color channel and a brightness channel, converting data into RGB data of a wide color gamut, and outputting a result graph; because the image is processed under the wide color gamut, compared with the space of the narrow color gamut, the color matching algorithm has larger color matching space, the color matching result is more exquisite, and the fault is not easy to generate; because the toning operation is converted into the operation in the wide color gamut space with the color and the brightness being separable, no matter how many times toning is carried out, the operation can be mapped into one operation in the wide color gamut space, and the execution efficiency of the algorithm is better; the method has affinity to Raw image data, can well support the color matching of the Raw data without modifying an algorithm, and can support non-Raw data by forcibly changing a color space. The algorithm compatibility is good.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of image processing, in particular to an image toning method, equipment and a storage medium based on a wide color gamut.
Background
Raw image files (Raw image files) contain data processed from an image sensor of a digital camera, scanner, or motion picture film scanner. Files in this format have not been processed, printed or used for editing. Typically, the original image has a wide gamut of internal colors, which can be fine-tuned, and some simple modifications can be made before conversion, such as TIFF or JPEG file format storage. Facilitating printing, or further processing. These encodings often rely on the equipment of the color image. These images are often described as "RAW image files," although not actually referring to a single original file format. There are literally dozens of different models of digital equipment using this format (commonly found in digital cameras or film scanners). Original image files, sometimes also referred to as digital negatives, because they serve the same role as movie negatives, are not used directly as images, but create an image that contains all the information. Likewise, the process of converting to a visual format raw image file, sometimes referred to as rendering the raw image, is equivalent to the metaphor for converting photographic film to a visual image during the development of a motion picture. Image rendering is part of the process of white balance and color grading.
At present, the available retouching software contains tools for color adjustment, and the color modification and editing are very important functions in the retouching software. With the popularization of digital cameras, more and more users are used to color the Raw images with more latitude and color modification. Meanwhile, the popularity of wide color gamut display devices also makes more and more users used to perform image adjustment in wide color gamut. However, most software on the market can directly adjust the image, and due to the fact that the default working space is the narrower sRGB color gamut, the color mixing effect is not linear, and very obvious faults, color spots and other problems occur when the adjusting force is large. Moreover, most tools do not support the resolution and color adjustment of Raw images of a digital camera. Therefore, the applicant proposes an image toning method based on a wide color gamut, and solves the problems of the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical scheme (I)
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: an image toning method based on a wide color gamut, the method specifically comprises the following steps:
inputting an original image and converting the original image into a wide color gamut color space;
separating a color channel and a brightness channel;
converting the data into RGB data of a wide color gamut;
and outputting a result graph.
As a further explanation of the above scheme, the inputting of the original image and the conversion into the wide color gamut color space are specifically:
inputting Raw image data, and acquiring original Raw metadata from a Raw image file;
performing the file transfer of the Raw data by referring to the camera parameters recorded in the Raw metadata;
and converting the shifted Raw data into a link space through a configuration file by using calibration data of the camera to obtain data in a wide color gamut space.
As a further explanation of the above scheme, the inputting of the original image and the conversion into the wide color gamut color space are specifically:
inputting a non-Raw image;
acquiring a color space of a current image;
the image is converted from the current image color space to a wide color gamut color space.
As a further explanation of the above scheme, the separating of the color channel and the luminance channel specifically includes: firstly, original image is converted into L*a*b*A wide color gamut color space; at L*a*b*Data under space, will L*Component retention, a*And b*The distance from the dot is used as a representation of the saturation;
a is to*And b*The included angle between the X axis and the X axis is taken as the representation quantity of the hue, and the value range needs to be converted into [0,2 pi ]])。
As a further explanation of the above scheme, the RGB data for widening the data into the color gamut specifically includes adjustment of luminance:
for a specified rangeAdjusting brightness for all pixel values in the space of (L-delta L, a-delta a, b-delta b) and (L + delta L, a + delta a, b + delta b); Δ l, Δ a, Δ b represent the range of toning; with Scale on the luminance L componentLThe adjustment amount of (2); the adjustment formula is as follows:
Ldst=clamp(Lsrc*ScaleL*decay)
Ldstis the output value of the luminance; l issrcIs an input value; decade is the attenuation value; l is a radical of an alcoholdstHas a value of [0.0,1.0 ]]Within the range of (1);
b. for the attenuation value decay, its value is 0 for pixel values not within the specified range; the closer the input pixel values are (L, a, b), the closer their attenuation values are to 1.0;
c. performing smooth interpolation on (L +/-delta L, a +/-delta a, b +/-delta b) and (L, a, b); Δ l, Δ a, Δ b represent the range of toning;
as a further explanation of the above scheme, the RGB data for converting the data into the wide color gamut specifically includes adjustment of saturation:
for all pixel values in this space for a specified range (L- Δ L, a- Δ a, b- Δ b) and (L + Δ L, a + Δ a, b + Δ b), Δ L, Δ a, Δ b represent the range of hues; having Scale on the saturation S componentsThe adjustment formula is as follows:
Sdst=clamp(Ssrc*ScaleS*decay)
Sdstoutput value, S, for saturationsrcAs input values, decay as attenuation values; sdstHas a value of [0.0,1.0 ]]Within the range of (1);
as a further explanation of the above scheme, the RGB data for widening the color gamut specifically includes adjustment of the hue:
for all pixel values in this space for a specified range (L- Δ L, a- Δ a, b- Δ b) and (L + Δ L, a + Δ a, b + Δ b), Δ L, Δ a, Δ b represent the range of hues; shift on hue H componenthThe adjustment formula is as follows:
Hdst=clamp_Hue(Hsrc+(Shifth*decay))
Hdstis the hue output value, HsrcIs the input value, decay is the attenuation value; hdstHas a value of [0,2 π]Within the range.
As a further explanation of the above scheme, the L point is L*a*b*The point of (L, a, b) in the color space, centered on the point, is subjected to (Scale) in a subspace (L + -Deltal, a + -Deltaa, b + -Deltab)L,Scales,shifth) Inner toning operation;
the color matching can be simultaneously carried out on the plurality of selected L point sets; all the selected points act in the same space, and independent multiple toning is not required;
the L point set toning is alternatively executed according to the following two conditions:
a. selected L points set, one point (L)1,a1,b1) And (L)2,a2,b2) The subspaces not having an intersection, i.e.
Independently processing the interpolation of the subspaces under the same space;
b. selected L points set, one point (L)1,a1,b1) And (L)2,a2,b2) If their subspaces intersect, i.e.
And weighting and calculating attenuation decade according to the area of the intersection of the 2 subspaces and the area of the 2 subspaces by the adjusting values in the two subspaces, and smoothing according to the attenuation decade.
The invention also proposes a wide color gamut based image toning device comprising a processor, a memory and a computer program stored in the memory, the computer program being executable by the processor to implement a wide color gamut based image toning method.
The invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium comprising a stored computer program, wherein when the computer program runs, the device on which the computer-readable storage medium is located is controlled to execute a wide color gamut-based image toning method.
(III) advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: because the image is processed under the wide color gamut, compared with the space of the narrow color gamut, the color matching algorithm has larger color matching space, the color matching result is more exquisite, and the fault is not easy to generate. Since the toning operation is converted into the operation in the wide color gamut space in which the color and the brightness can be separated, the operation can be mapped to one operation in the wide color gamut space no matter how many times the toning is performed, and the execution efficiency of the algorithm is better. The method has affinity to Raw image data, and can well support the color matching of the Raw data without modifying an algorithm. And may support non-Raw data by forcing a change in color space. The algorithm compatibility is good.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples. It is to be noted that the following examples are only illustrative of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention. Similarly, the following examples are only some but not all examples of the present invention, and all other examples obtained by those skilled in the art without any inventive work are within the scope of the present invention. The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following examples.
It should be further noted that, in the above scheme, L is used for example*a*b*Space is patented. However, similar color spaces also include CIEXYZ, YUV, YCbCr and other spaces, and such color spaces with separated colors and brightness can be compatible with the color matching operation of the invention through simple conversion, so as to obtain the same or similar color matching effect of the invention. The rights protection of this patent shall be the operation of toning itself and shall include but not be limited toColor space L*a*b*The space is operated.
Example 1
An image toning method based on a wide color gamut, the method specifically comprises the following steps:
inputting an original image and performing data conversion specifically: the method comprises the steps of obtaining original Raw data and Raw metadata from a Raw image file, and performing analysis and development on the Raw data by referring to camera parameters recorded in the metadata at the moment of shooting the Raw image (namely, converting the Raw image from Bayer data into RGB data through a series of algorithms pipeline). The color space of Raw data for completing the shift is called Camera RGB space. Using calibration data of the Camera, Camera RGB is converted into a Profile Connection Space (PCS) through a configuration file, where the PCS used is CIEL a b space. This allows direct access to the data in space L a b.
It is further noted that the original image file (Raw image file) contains data processed from an image sensor of a digital camera, scanner or motion picture film scanner. Files in this format have not been processed, printed or used for editing. Typically, the original image has a wide gamut of internal colors, which can be fine-tuned, and some simple modifications can be made before conversion, such as TIFF or JPEG file format storage. Facilitating printing, or further processing. These encodings tend to rely on the equipment of the color image. These images are often described as "RAW image files," although not actually referring to a single original file format. There are literally dozens of different models of digital equipment using this format (commonly found in digital cameras or film scanners). Original image files, sometimes also referred to as digital negatives, because they serve the same role as movie negatives, are not used directly as images, but create an image that contains all the information. Likewise, the process of converting to a visual format raw image file, sometimes referred to as rendering the raw image, is equivalent to the metaphor for converting photographic film to a visual image during the development of a motion picture. Image rendering is part of the process of white balance and color grading.
By means of L*a*b*The color matching algorithm specifically performs color matching: mixing L with*a*b*Data under space, will L*Component retention, retaining a*And b*The distance from the dot is used as a representation of the saturation;
a is to*And b*The included angle between the X axis and the X axis is taken as the representation quantity of the hue, and the value range needs to be converted into [0,2 pi ]]). Assuming that the adjusted color is (L, a, b) at CIEL a b, all pixel values falling in the space of (L- Δ L, a- Δ a, b- Δ b) and (L + Δ L, a + Δ a, b + Δ b) are operated by the toning algorithm. The ranges of Δ l, Δ a, and Δ b toning include some degree of smoothing inside for toning.
It is further noted that L*a*b*The toning algorithm is referred to as L*a*b*A color matching algorithm in a color space; l is*a*b*A color space is a color model. The Lab color model makes up the deficiencies of the RGB and CMYK color modes. It is a device-independent color model, and is also a color model based on physiological characteristics. L is*a*b*The color space model consists of three elements, one element being luminance (L) and a and b being two color channels. a comprises colors from dark green (low brightness value) to gray (medium brightness value) to bright pink (high brightness value); b is from bright blue (low brightness value) to gray (medium brightness value) to yellow (high brightness value). Thus, such colors will produce a color with a bright effect when mixed.
Will L*a*b*Converting the data into RGB data of a wide color gamut; the method specifically comprises the following three aspects:
(1) brightness: adjusting the luminance for all pixel values in space of the specified ranges (L- Δ L, a- Δ a, b- Δ b) and (L + Δ L, a + Δ a, b + Δ b); Δ l, Δ a, Δ b represent the range of toning; the adjustment formula is as follows:
Ldst=clamp(Lsrc*ScaleL*decay)
Ldstis the output value of the luminance; l is a radical of an alcoholsrcIs an input value; decay is the attenuation value; l is a radical of an alcoholdstHas a value of [0.0,1.0 ]]Within the range of (1);
b. for the attenuation value decay, its value is 0 for pixel values not within the specified range; the closer the input pixel values are (L, a, b), the closer their attenuation values are to 1.0;
c. performing smooth interpolation on (L +/-delta L, a +/-delta a, b +/-delta b) and (L, a, b); Δ l, Δ a, Δ b represent the range of toning;
(2) saturation degree: for all pixel values in this space for a specified range (L- Δ L, a- Δ a, b- Δ b) and (L + Δ L, a + Δ a, b + Δ b), Δ L, Δ a, Δ b represent the range of hues; having Scale on the saturation S componentsThe adjustment formula is as follows:
Sdst=clamp(Ssrc*ScaleS*decay)
Sdstto output a value of saturation, SsrcIs the input value, decay is the attenuation value; s. thedstHas a value of [0.0,1.0 ]]Within the range of (1);
(3) adjustment of hue: for all pixel values in this space for a specified range (L- Δ L, a- Δ a, b- Δ b) and (L + Δ L, a + Δ a, b + Δ b), Δ L, Δ a, Δ b represent the range of hues; shift on hue H componenthThe adjustment formula is as follows:
Hdst=clamp_Hue(Hsrc+(Shifth*decay))
Hdstis the hue output value, HsrcAs input values, decay as attenuation values; hdstValue of [0,2 π ]]Within the range.
It is further noted that the L point is L*a*b*(Scale) is performed in a subspace (L + -Deltal, a + -Deltaa, b + -Deltab) with a point of (L, a, b) in the color space as a centerL,Scales,shifth) Inner toning operation;
the color matching can be simultaneously carried out on the plurality of selected L point sets; all the selected points act in the same space, and do not need to be executed for multiple times independently;
the L point set toning is alternatively executed according to the following two conditions:
a. selected L points set, one point (L)1,a1,b1) And (L)2,a2,b2) The subspaces not having an intersection, i.e.
Independently processing the interpolation of the subspaces under the same space;
b. selected L points set, one point (L)1,a1,b1) And (L)2,a2,b2) If there is an intersection of their subspaces, i.e.
And weighting and calculating attenuation decade according to the area of the intersection of the 2 subspaces and the area of the 2 subspaces by the adjusting values in the two subspaces, and smoothing according to the attenuation decade.
Example 2
The present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that the image input in embodiment 1 is a RAW image, while the image input in this embodiment is a non-RAW image, and other steps are the same as those in embodiment 1; the color description file of the current image is obtained from the image file, and the color space of the current image is obtained from the color description file (generally, the common color space of the image is sRGB or Adobe RGB). Converting an image to L from a current image color space*a*b*A space.
It should be further explained that the non-Raw image is a lossy information processing process after a certain pre-processing; that is, this preprocessing procedure converts the Raw image from Bayer data to RGB data through a series of algorithms pipeline. This process is also known as Raw shift). The color space of Raw data for completing the shift is called Camera RGB space. Using calibration data of the Camera, converting Camera RGB into a link connection space (PCS) through a configuration file; unlike the Raw image, the non-Raw image has undergone a process of converting Camera RGB into a link space, which is generally sRGB or Adobe RGB, but this process of Camera processing is irreversible, so that the non-Raw image needs to be converted into the link space again in embodiment 2.
A wide color gamut based image toning device comprising a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory, the computer program being executable by the processor to implement a wide color gamut based image toning method according to embodiment 1 or embodiment 2.
The present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, where the computer-readable storage medium includes a stored computer program, where when the computer program runs, the apparatus where the computer-readable storage medium is located is controlled to execute the wide color gamut based image toning method according to embodiments 1 and 2.
Illustratively, the computer program may be divided into one or more units, which are stored in the memory and executed by the processor to accomplish the present invention. The one or more elements may be a series of computer program instruction segments capable of performing specific functions, which are used to describe the execution of the computer program in a wide color gamut based image toning device.
The wide color gamut based image toning device may include, but is not limited to, a processor, a memory. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the schematic diagram is merely an example of a wide gamut based image toning device and does not constitute a limitation of a wide gamut based image toning device, and may include more or fewer components than shown, or some components in combination, or different components, e.g., the wide gamut based image toning device may also include an input-output device, a network access device, a bus, etc.
The Processor may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), other general purpose Processor, a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), an off-the-shelf Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) or other Programmable logic device, discrete Gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, etc. The general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like that connects various portions of an overall wide color gamut-based image toning device using various interfaces and lines.
The memory may be used to store the computer programs and/or modules, and the processor may implement the various functions of the wide gamut-based image toning device by running or executing the computer programs and/or modules stored in the memory and invoking data stored in the memory. The memory may mainly include a storage program area and a storage data area, wherein the storage program area may store an operating system, an application program required by at least one function (such as a sound playing function, an image playing function, etc.), and the like; the storage data area may store data (such as audio data, a phonebook, etc.) created according to the use of the cellular phone, etc. In addition, the memory may include high-speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as a hard disk, a memory, a plug-in hard disk, a Smart Media Card (SMC), a Secure Digital (SD) Card, a Flash memory Card (Flash Card), at least one magnetic disk storage device, a Flash memory device, or other volatile solid state storage device.
Wherein, the unit integrated by the image toning device based on the wide color gamut can be stored in a computer readable storage medium if the unit is realized in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a separate product. Based on such understanding, all or part of the flow of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention may also be implemented by a computer program, which may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method embodiments may be implemented. Wherein the computer program comprises computer program code, which may be in the form of source code, object code, an executable file or some intermediate form, etc.
The computer-readable medium may include: any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code, recording medium, usb disk, removable hard disk, magnetic disk, optical disk, computer Memory, Read-Only Memory (ROM), Random Access Memory (RAM), electrical carrier wave signals, telecommunications signals, software distribution medium, and the like. It should be noted that the computer readable medium may contain content that is subject to appropriate increase or decrease as required by legislation and patent practice in jurisdictions, for example, in some jurisdictions, computer readable media does not include electrical carrier signals and telecommunications signals as is required by legislation and patent practice.
It should be noted that the above-described device embodiments are merely illustrative, where the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and the parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the present embodiment. In addition, in the device embodiment provided by the present invention, the connection relationship between the modules indicates that there is a communication connection between them, and may be specifically implemented as one or more communication buses or signal lines. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort.
The embodiments in the above embodiments can be further combined or replaced, and the embodiments are only used for describing the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the concept and scope of the present invention, and various changes and modifications made to the technical solution of the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the design idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An image toning method based on a wide color gamut is characterized by specifically comprising the following steps:
inputting an original image and converting the original image into a wide color gamut color space;
separating a color channel and a brightness channel;
converting the data into RGB data of a wide color gamut;
and outputting a result graph.
2. A wide color gamut based image toning method according to claim 1,
the input of the original image and the conversion into the wide color gamut color space are specific:
inputting Raw image data, and acquiring original Raw metadata from a Raw image file;
performing Raw data file transfer by referring to camera parameters recorded in the Raw metadata;
and converting the shifted Raw data into a link space through a configuration file by using calibration data of the camera to obtain data in a wide color gamut space.
3. The method for toning an image based on a wide color gamut according to claim 1,
the input of the original image and the conversion into the wide color gamut color space are specific:
inputting a non-Raw image;
acquiring a color space of a current image;
the image is converted from the current image color space to a wide color gamut color space.
4. The method for toning an image based on a wide color gamut according to claim 1,
the above-mentionedUsing separate color and luminance channels specifically: firstly, original image is converted into L*a*b*A wide color gamut color space; at L*a*b*Data under space, will L*Component retention, retaining a*And b*The distance from the dot is used as a representation of the saturation;
a is to*And b*The included angle between the X axis and the X axis is taken as the representation quantity of the hue, and the value range needs to be converted into [0,2 pi ]])。
5. The method for toning an image based on a wide color gamut according to claim 4,
the RGB data for widening the data into the color gamut specifically includes adjustment of luminance:
adjusting the luminance for all pixel values in space of the specified ranges (L- Δ L, a- Δ a, b- Δ b) and (L + Δ L, a + Δ a, b + Δ b); Δ l, Δ a, Δ b represent the range of toning; with Scale on the luminance L componentLThe adjustment amount of (2); the adjustment formula is as follows:
Ldst=clamp(Lsrc*ScaleL*decay)
Ldstis the output value of the luminance; l issrcIs an input value; decade is the attenuation value; l isdstHas a value of [0.0,1.0 ]]Within the range of (1); scaleLIndicating an adjustment amount of the brightness;
b. for the attenuation value decay, its value is 0 for pixel values not within the specified range; the closer the input pixel values are (L, a, b), the closer their attenuation values are to 1.0;
c. performing smooth interpolation on (L +/-delta L, a +/-delta a, b +/-delta b) and (L, a, b); Δ l, Δ a, Δ b represent the range of toning.
6. The method for toning an image based on a wide color gamut according to claim 4,
the RGB data for converting the data into the wide color gamut specifically includes adjustment of saturation:
for all pixel values in this space for a specified range (L- Δ L, a- Δ a, b- Δ b) and (L + Δ L, a + Δ a, b + Δ b), Δ L, Δ a, Δ b represent the range of hues; having Scale on the saturation S componentsThe adjustment formula is as follows:
Sdst=clamp(Ssrc*ScaleS*decay)
Sdstoutput value, S, for saturationsrcAs input values, decay as attenuation values; s. thedstHas a value of [0.0,1.0 ]]Within the range of (1).
7. The method for toning an image based on a wide color gamut according to claim 4,
the RGB data for widening the color gamut specifically includes adjustment of hue:
for all pixel values in this space for the specified ranges (L- Δ L, a- Δ a, b- Δ b) and (L + Δ L, a + Δ a, b + Δ b), Δ L, Δ a, Δ b represent the range of hues; shift on hue H componenthThe adjustment formula is as follows:
Hdst=clamp_Hue(Hsrc+(Shifth*decay))
Hdstis the hue output value, HsrcAs input values, decay as attenuation values; hdstHas a value of [0,2 π]Within the range.
8. A wide color gamut-based image toning method according to any one of claims 5 to 7,
the L point is L*a*b*(Scale) is performed in a subspace (L + -Deltal, a + -Deltaa, b + -Deltab) with a point of (L, a, b) in the color space as a centerL,Scales,shifth) Inner toning operation;
the color matching can be simultaneously carried out on the plurality of selected L point sets; all the selected points act in the same space, and multiple toning is not required to be independently executed;
the L point set toning is alternatively executed according to the following two conditions:
a. selected L points set, one point (L)1,a1,b1) And (L)2,a2,b2) The subspaces not having an intersection, i.e.
Independently processing the interpolation of the subspaces under the same space;
b. selected L points set, one point (L)1,a1,b1) And (L)2,a2,b2) If there is an intersection of their subspaces, i.e.
And weighting and calculating attenuation decade according to the area of the intersection of the 2 subspaces and the area of the 2 subspaces by the adjusting values in the two subspaces, and smoothing according to the attenuation decade.
9. A wide color gamut based image toning device, comprising a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory, the computer program being executable by the processor to implement a wide color gamut based image toning method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. A computer-readable storage medium comprising a stored computer program, wherein the computer program when executed controls an apparatus on which the computer-readable storage medium is located to perform a wide color gamut-based image toning method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
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