CN114690325B - Photonic crystal tunable multichannel filter oriented to network on optical sheet - Google Patents
Photonic crystal tunable multichannel filter oriented to network on optical sheet Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
- G02B6/293—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
- G02B6/29331—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means operating by evanescent wave coupling
- G02B6/29332—Wavelength selective couplers, i.e. based on evanescent coupling between light guides, e.g. fused fibre couplers with transverse coupling between fibres having different propagation constant wavelength dependency
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
- G02B6/293—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
- G02B6/29379—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means characterised by the function or use of the complete device
- G02B6/29395—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means characterised by the function or use of the complete device configurable, e.g. tunable or reconfigurable
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Abstract
The invention discloses a photonic crystal tunable multichannel filter oriented to a network on a light sheet, which is realized by arranging 1 input waveguide, 1 reflecting structure, 4 resonant cavities, 4 point defects and 4 output waveguides on a two-dimensional triangular lattice photonic crystal. Compared with other eight-channel photonic crystal filters, the number of resonant cavities of the filter is reduced by half, the hexagonal resonant cavities are formed by the phase change material GST, and the tunable function can be realized through external condition excitation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of optical network-on-chip, in particular to a photonic crystal tunable multichannel filter oriented to the optical network-on-chip.
Background
In an optical network on chip (Optical Network on Chip, ONoC), a high-efficiency optical filter is an important device for realizing functions of multichannel wavelength division multiplexing, dense wavelength division multiplexing and the like, and can realize transmission, processing, acquisition and exchange of optical signals. The optical device prepared by taking the photonic crystal as the material can control the flow of photons in the device by changing the photonic crystal structure, wherein the photonic crystal filter based on the photonic crystal micro-ring resonant cavity has the advantages of high efficiency, low loss, large quality factor and easy integration, can realize the selection and rejection of specific frequency optical signals in an optical communication network, and has important significance for realizing a reconfigurable optical network. Therefore, the research of developing the photonic crystal filter has a certain guiding significance for promoting the development of network technology on the optical sheet.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a photonic crystal tunable multichannel filter oriented to a network on a light sheet, which has the characteristics of simple structure, convenient manufacture and use, small size, various wavelength signals of a downlink and high transmissivity.
In order to solve the problems, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the photonic crystal tunable multichannel filter facing the network on the optical sheet consists of a two-dimensional triangular lattice photonic crystal, wherein 1 input waveguide, 1 reflecting structure, 4 resonant cavities, 4 point defects and 4 output waveguides are arranged on the two-dimensional triangular lattice photonic crystal. 1 input waveguide horizontally extending through a plurality of dielectric columns continuously removed from left to right in the middle of the two-dimensional triangular lattice photonic crystal; the left end of the input waveguide is positioned at the left edge of the two-dimensional triangular lattice photonic crystal, and an input port of the photonic crystal tunable multichannel filter is formed; the right end of the input waveguide forms 1 reflecting structure by the dielectric columns left by the same row of the two-dimensional triangular lattice photonic crystals. Each resonant cavity is composed of 7 medium columns of a two-dimensional triangular lattice photonic crystal, 6 outer ring medium columns enclose a hexagon, and 1 center medium column is arranged at the center of the hexagon; the central medium columns of the upper left resonant cavity and the upper right resonant cavity are positioned above the input waveguide, and the central medium columns of the upper left resonant cavity and the upper right resonant cavity are positioned in the same row of the two-dimensional triangular lattice photonic crystal; the central dielectric columns of the left lower resonant cavity and the right lower resonant cavity are positioned below the input waveguide, and the central dielectric columns of the left lower resonant cavity and the right lower resonant cavity are positioned in the same row of the two-dimensional triangular lattice photonic crystal. Each point defect consists of 1 dielectric pillar; the dielectric column with the upper left point defect is positioned above the upper left slope of the upper left resonant cavity and is positioned on the same slope with the upper left outer ring dielectric column, the lower right outer ring dielectric column and the central dielectric column of the upper left resonant cavity; the dielectric column with the upper right point defect is positioned above the right inclined upper part of the upper right resonant cavity and is positioned on the same inclined line with the upper right outer ring dielectric column, the lower left outer ring dielectric column and the central dielectric column of the upper right resonant cavity; the dielectric column with the left lower point defect is positioned below the left slope of the left lower resonant cavity and is positioned on the same slope with the left lower outer ring dielectric column, the right upper outer ring dielectric column and the center dielectric column of the left lower resonant cavity; the dielectric column with the lower right point defect is positioned at the right oblique lower part of the lower right resonant cavity and is positioned on the same oblique line with the lower right outer ring dielectric column, the upper left outer ring dielectric column and the central dielectric column of the lower right resonant cavity. Forming 4 output waveguides extending obliquely by continuously removing a plurality of medium columns obliquely from the edge to the middle at four corners of the two-dimensional triangular lattice photonic crystal respectively; the upper left output waveguide is positioned above the upper left corner of the upper left point defect and is positioned on the same oblique line with the dielectric column of the upper left point defect and the central dielectric column of the upper left resonant cavity; the upper end of the upper left output waveguide is positioned at the upper left edge of the two-dimensional triangular lattice photonic crystal, and an upper left output port and an lower left output port of the photonic crystal tunable multichannel filter are formed; the right upper output waveguide is positioned above the right upper part of the right upper point defect and is positioned on the same oblique line with the dielectric column of the right upper point defect and the central dielectric column of the right upper resonant cavity; the upper end of the upper right output waveguide is positioned at the upper right edge of the two-dimensional triangular lattice photonic crystal, and an upper right output port and an lower right output port of the photonic crystal tunable multichannel filter are formed; the left lower output waveguide is positioned below the left slope of the left lower point defect and is positioned on the same slope with the dielectric column of the left lower point defect and the central dielectric column of the left lower resonant cavity; the lower end of the lower left output waveguide is positioned at the lower left edge of the two-dimensional triangular lattice photonic crystal, and forms a lower left output port of the photonic crystal tunable multichannel filter. The right lower output waveguide is positioned at the right oblique lower part of the right lower point defect and is positioned on the same oblique line with the dielectric column of the right lower point defect and the central dielectric column of the right lower resonant cavity; the lower end of the lower right output waveguide is positioned at the lower right edge of the two-dimensional triangular lattice photonic crystal, and forms a lower right output port of the photonic crystal tunable multichannel filter.
In the scheme, the central medium column and the outer ring medium column of the 4 resonant cavities of the two-dimensional triangular lattice photonic crystal are made of phase-change material Ge 2 Sb 2 Te 5 Constructing; the two-dimensional triangular lattice photonic crystal is composed of semiconductor material Si as the dielectric pillars except for 4 resonant cavities.
In the above scheme, the refractive indexes of the 7 dielectric columns of each resonant cavity are the same, and the refractive indexes of the dielectric columns between the 4 resonant cavities are different.
In the scheme, the radius of the 6 outer ring dielectric columns of each resonant cavity is equal; the radii of the adjacent dielectric columns on the left side and the right side of each output waveguide are equal.
In the scheme, the radius of the two-dimensional triangular lattice photonic crystal is r except for a central medium column and an outer ring medium column of the resonant cavity, a point defect medium column, two adjacent medium columns on the left side and the right side of the output waveguide and a medium column close to the input waveguide in the reflecting structure; the radius of the central dielectric column of each resonant cavity is smaller than r; the radius of the outer ring medium column of each resonant cavity is larger than or equal to r; the radius of each point defect dielectric column is smaller than or equal to r; the radius of the medium columns on two sides of each output waveguide is equal to or larger than r; the radius of the dielectric pillar in the reflective structure near the input waveguide is less than r.
In the scheme, for the central dielectric columns of the 4 resonant cavities, the radius of the central dielectric column of the lower left resonant cavity is equal to that of the central dielectric column of the lower right resonant cavity; the radius of the central medium column of the left lower resonant cavity and the radius of the central medium column of the right lower resonant cavity are smaller than those of the central medium column of the left upper resonant cavity, and the radius of the central medium column of the left upper resonant cavity is smaller than those of the central medium column of the right upper resonant cavity; for the outer ring dielectric pillars of the 4 resonant cavities, the radius of the outer ring dielectric pillar of the upper left resonant cavity is equal to that of the outer ring dielectric pillar of the lower left resonant cavity, the radius of the outer ring dielectric pillar of the upper right resonant cavity is equal to that of the outer ring dielectric pillar of the lower right resonant cavity, and the radii of the outer ring dielectric pillars of the upper left resonant cavity and the lower left resonant cavity are larger than that of the outer ring dielectric pillars of the upper right resonant cavity and the lower right resonant cavity; for the 4-point-defect dielectric column, the radius of the upper left-point-defect dielectric column is smaller than that of the lower left-point-defect dielectric column, the radius of the lower left-point-defect dielectric column is smaller than that of the upper right-point-defect dielectric column, and the radius of the upper right-point-defect dielectric column is smaller than that of the lower right-point-defect dielectric column; for the adjacent dielectric pillars on the left and right sides of the 4 output waveguides, the radius of the adjacent dielectric pillars on the left and right sides of the left lower output waveguide is equal to the radius of the adjacent dielectric pillars on the left and right sides of the right lower output waveguide, the radii of the adjacent dielectric pillars on the left and right sides of the left lower output waveguide and the right lower output waveguide are smaller than the radius of the adjacent dielectric pillars on the left and right sides of the left upper output waveguide, and the radius of the adjacent dielectric pillars on the left and right sides of the left upper output waveguide is smaller than the radius of the adjacent dielectric pillars on the left and right sides of the right upper output waveguide.
In the scheme, the two-dimensional triangular lattice photonic crystal is formed by arranging a plurality of round dielectric columns in an alternating matrix, wherein the positions of the odd-row dielectric columns and the even-row dielectric columns are staggered, and the positions of the odd-column dielectric columns and the even-column dielectric columns are staggered.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the following characteristics:
1. the invention only performs the deletion and the size design on the triangular lattice circular dielectric column, does not perform the addition of the dielectric column, and has the same structural parameters for most of the dielectric columns, thereby being convenient in actual manufacture;
2. the medium columns of the 4 resonant cavities with the hexagonal structures are phase change materials, and based on the phase change characteristics of the medium column materials, the required refractive index of the medium columns is realized by externally inducing the relevant medium columns of the 4 resonant cavities to different phase change states, and the central medium column and the outer ring medium column of each resonant cavity do not need to be controlled separately.
3. The invention can lower eight different wavelength signals based on the structure of four filtering channels, compared with the lower filter which can lower eight different wavelength signals based on the structure of the prior eight filtering channels, the lower filter has simple structure, smaller size and only 74 mu m 2 The network-on-chip application in the integrated circuit is more facilitated;
4. the filtering signal of the invention comprises the 'O+E+S' wave bands of the optical communication system, the filtering efficiency of each wavelength can reach more than 94 percent, the efficiency of the downlink is high, the filtering characteristic of the downlink is ideal, and the performance is more excellent.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a photonic crystal tunable multichannel filter facing a network on optical sheet according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a transmission spectrum of 4 drop output ports of example one; wherein (a) is a left add drop output port, (b) is a right add drop output port, (c) is a left drop output port, and (d) is a right drop output port.
FIG. 3 is a graph of optical field distribution at different drop wavelengths for an example; wherein (a) is 1509.49nm, (b) is 1445.51nm, (c) is 1322nm, and (d) is 1311.93nm.
FIG. 4 is a transmission spectrum of 4 drop output ports of example two; wherein (a) is a left add drop output port, (b) is a right add drop output port, (c) is a left drop output port, and (d) is a right drop output port.
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the optical field distribution at different drop wavelengths for example two; wherein (a) is 1359.56nm, (b) is 1430.43nm, (c) is 1480.21nm, and (d) is 1438.24nm.
The marks in the figure are as follows: 1. an input waveguide; 2. an upper left output waveguide; 3. an upper right output waveguide; 4. a lower left output waveguide; 5. a lower right output waveguide; 6. an upper left resonator; 7. an upper right resonator; 8. a lower left resonator; 9. a lower right resonator; 10. upper left point defect; 11. upper right point defect; 12. lower left dot defect; 13. lower right point defect; 14. a reflective structure.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described in detail with reference to specific examples in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent.
Referring to fig. 1, a photonic crystal tunable multi-channel filter facing a network on a light sheet is a two-dimensional triangular lattice photonic crystal with a triangular lattice circular dielectric column structure, that is, the two-dimensional triangular lattice photonic crystal is formed by arranging a plurality of circular dielectric columns in a staggered matrix, wherein the positions of odd-numbered dielectric columns and even-numbered dielectric columns are staggered, and the positions of odd-numbered dielectric columns and even-numbered dielectric columns are staggered. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the two-dimensional triangular lattice photonic crystal has an overall structure of 17×17 dielectric pillars. The background material of the two-dimensional triangular lattice photonic crystal is air. In the figure, port a is an input port, and port B, C, D, E is a drop output port.
The input waveguide 1 is located in the middle of the two-dimensional triangular lattice photonic crystal, namely line 9, and is formed by removing 13 dielectric columns from the input port a along the horizontal direction. The reflecting structure 14 is located in the same row as the input waveguide 1 and is constituted by 4 dielectric posts located at the end of the input waveguide 1.
Each resonant cavity is composed of 7 dielectric columns, 6 outer ring dielectric columns enclose a hexagon, and 1 center dielectric column, namely an inner ring dielectric column, is arranged at the center of the hexagon. The refractive index of 7 dielectric columns, namely 6 outer ring dielectric columns and 1 center dielectric column of each resonant cavity is the same, and the refractive index of the dielectric columns between 4 resonant cavities is different. The preparation method is characterized in that the dielectric column material of the hexagonal double-ring structure resonant cavity is selected as a phase change material, and the required refractive index of the dielectric column is realized by inducing the relevant dielectric columns of the 4 resonant cavities to different phase change states from the outside based on the phase change characteristics of the dielectric column material. The central dielectric columns of the upper left resonant cavity 6 and the upper right resonant cavity 7 are positioned above the input waveguide 1, and the upper left resonant cavity 6 and the upper right resonant cavity 7 are positioned in the same horizontal direction, namely the central dielectric columns are positioned in the same row of the two-dimensional triangular lattice photonic crystal. The central dielectric columns of the left lower resonant cavity 8 and the right lower resonant cavity 9 are positioned below the input waveguide 1, and the left lower resonant cavity 8 and the right lower resonant cavity 9 are positioned in the same horizontal direction, namely the central dielectric columns are positioned in the same row of the two-dimensional triangular lattice photonic crystal. The center dielectric pillar of the upper left resonator 6 is located at row 6 and column 5. The center dielectric pillar of the upper right resonator 7 is located in row 6 and column 13. The center dielectric pillar of the lower left resonator 8 is located at row 12 and column 6. The center dielectric pillar of the lower right resonator 9 is located at row 12 and column 12.
Each point defect consists of 1 dielectric pillar. The dielectric column of the upper left point defect 10 is positioned above the upper left resonant cavity 6 in a left inclined way and is positioned on the same inclined line with the upper left outer ring dielectric column, the lower right outer ring dielectric column and the central dielectric column of the upper left resonant cavity 6, and the dielectric column of the upper left point defect 10 is positioned at the joint of the upper left output waveguide 2 and the upper left resonant cavity 6 and is the 4 th row and 4 th column dielectric column. The dielectric column of the upper right point defect 11 is positioned above the upper right resonant cavity 7 in a right oblique way and is positioned on the same oblique line with the upper right outer ring dielectric column, the lower left outer ring dielectric column and the central dielectric column of the upper right resonant cavity 7, and the dielectric column of the upper right point defect 11 is positioned at the joint of the upper right output waveguide 3 and the upper right resonant cavity 7 and is the dielectric column of the 14 th row of the 4 th row. The dielectric column of the lower left point defect 12 is positioned below the lower left side of the lower left resonant cavity 8 and is positioned on the same oblique line with the lower left outer ring dielectric column, the upper right outer ring dielectric column and the central dielectric column of the lower left resonant cavity 8, and the dielectric column of the lower left point defect 12 is positioned at the joint of the lower left output waveguide 4 and the lower left resonant cavity 8 and is the 14 th row and 5 th column dielectric column. The dielectric column of the lower right point defect 13 is positioned at the right obliquely lower part of the lower right resonant cavity 9 and is positioned on the same oblique line with the lower right outer ring dielectric column, the upper left outer ring dielectric column and the central dielectric column of the lower right resonant cavity 9, and the dielectric column of the lower right point defect 13 is positioned at the junction of the lower right output waveguide 5 and the lower right resonant cavity 9 and is the 13 th row and 14 th column dielectric column.
Each output waveguide is positioned at four corners of the two-dimensional triangular lattice photonic crystal, and is formed by removing 3 dielectric columns from a lower output port in the direction of connecting the corresponding point defect with the central dielectric column of the corresponding resonant cavity. The upper left output waveguide 2 is positioned above the upper left point defect 10 in a left oblique way and is positioned on the same oblique line with the dielectric column of the upper left point defect 10 and the central dielectric column of the upper left resonant cavity 6; the upper end of the left upper output waveguide 2 is positioned at the left upper edge of the two-dimensional triangular lattice photonic crystal, and forms an upper left output port and an lower left output port of the photonic crystal tunable multichannel filter, and the left upper output waveguide 2 is formed by continuously removing 3 dielectric columns along the oblique lower direction from the upper left output port B, namely removing the dielectric columns of the 1 st row, the 3 nd column, the 2 nd row, the 3 rd column and the 3 rd row, the 4 th column. The upper right output waveguide 3 is positioned above the upper right point defect 11 and is positioned on the same oblique line with the dielectric column of the upper right point defect 11 and the central dielectric column of the upper right resonant cavity 7; the upper end of the upper right output waveguide 3 is positioned at the upper right edge of the two-dimensional triangular lattice photonic crystal, and forms an upper right output port and an lower right output port of the photonic crystal tunable multichannel filter, and the upper right output waveguide 3 is formed by continuously removing 3 dielectric columns along the obliquely lower direction from the lower right output port C, namely removing the dielectric columns of the 1 st row, the 16 th column, the 2 nd row, the 16 th column and the 3 rd row, the 15 th column. The left lower output waveguide 4 is positioned below the left slope of the left lower point defect 12 and is positioned on the same slope with the dielectric column of the left lower point defect 12 and the central dielectric column of the left lower resonant cavity 8; the lower end of the lower left output waveguide 4 is positioned at the lower left edge of the two-dimensional triangular lattice photonic crystal, and forms a lower left output port of the photonic crystal tunable multichannel filter, and the lower left output waveguide 4 is formed by continuously removing 3 dielectric columns along the obliquely upper direction from the lower left output port D, namely removing the 17 th row, the 4 th column, the 16 th row, the 4 th column and the 15 th row, the 5 th column of the dielectric columns. The lower right output waveguide 5 is positioned obliquely below the lower right point defect 13 and is positioned on the same oblique line with the dielectric column of the lower right point defect 13 and the central dielectric column of the lower right resonant cavity 9; the lower end of the lower right output waveguide 5 is positioned at the lower right edge of the two-dimensional triangular lattice photonic crystal, and forms a lower right output port of the photonic crystal tunable multichannel filter, and the lower right output waveguide 5 is formed by continuously removing 3 dielectric columns along the obliquely upper direction from the lower right output port E, namely removing the dielectric columns of the 17 th row, the 15 th column, the 16 th row, the 15 th column and the 15 th row, the 14 th column.
The 264 dielectric columns forming the photonic crystal tunable multichannel filter facing the network on the optical sheet are made of phase change material Ge 2 Sb 2 Te 5 (GST) and semiconductor Si materials having different refractive indicesThe composition is formed. Wherein, except for 28 dielectric columns of 4 resonant cavities, the rest 236 dielectric columns are made of semiconductor material Si. The dielectric constant of the phase change layer material in the amorphous state is epsilon a =11.3+0.01 i, which has a dielectric constant ε in the crystalline state c =24.5+1.8i, i represents imaginary units. The phase change material is characterized by retaining an amorphous state at normal temperature. May be driven by an external field (thermal or laser/electrical pulse) to change from amorphous to crystalline (and vice versa). The multi-stage phase change can be realized under the design condition, and the refractive index of GST can be changed between 3.36 and 4.94 by changing the crystal fraction of the material. The refractive index of the semiconductor material Si is n=3.4. The material properties are such that they do not change state upon thermal/electrical stimulation. The outer ring medium column and the center medium column of the 4 resonant cavities with hexagonal structures are driven to different phase change states by an external field (heat or laser/electric pulse), and meanwhile, a proper lattice constant, a refractive index and a radius of a background medium column, a radius of other medium columns at special positions and the like are selected, so that a filtering function of filtering eight paths of signals in the structure of the four-channel filter can be realized, and a tunable multi-channel filter which can be used for a reconfigurable wavelength division multiplexing optical communication system is formed.
All dielectric pillars in the photonic crystal tunable multichannel filter facing the network on optical sheet have the same size, namely, all the radii are r, but in order to improve the transmittance of the filter at each wavelength signal, the sizes of the dielectric pillars of the resonant cavity, the dielectric pillars of the point defect, the dielectric pillars adjacent to the left and right sides of the output waveguide, and the dielectric pillars close to the input waveguide 1 in the reflecting structure 14 need to be adjusted. When the radius of the non-special dielectric column is r, the radius of the central dielectric column of each resonant cavity is smaller than r; the radius of the 6 outer ring medium columns of each resonant cavity is equal to or greater than r; the radius of each point defect dielectric column is smaller than or equal to r; the radius of the medium columns at two sides of each output waveguide is equal to or greater than r; the radius of the dielectric pillar in the reflective structure 14 near the input waveguide 1 is smaller than r.
For the central dielectric columns of the 4 resonant cavities, the radius of the central dielectric column of the lower left resonant cavity 8 is equal to that of the central dielectric column of the lower right resonant cavity 9; the radius of the central medium column of the left lower resonant cavity 8 and the right lower resonant cavity 9 is smaller than that of the central medium column of the left upper resonant cavity 6, and the radius of the central medium column of the left upper resonant cavity 6 is smaller than that of the central medium column of the right upper resonant cavity 7.
For the outer ring dielectric pillars of the 4 resonant cavities, the radius of the outer ring dielectric pillar of the upper left resonant cavity 6 is equal to that of the outer ring dielectric pillar of the lower left resonant cavity 8, the radius of the outer ring dielectric pillar of the upper right resonant cavity 7 is equal to that of the outer ring dielectric pillar of the lower right resonant cavity 9, and the radii of the outer ring dielectric pillars of the upper left resonant cavity 6 and the lower left resonant cavity 8 are larger than that of the outer ring dielectric pillars of the upper right resonant cavity 7 and the lower right resonant cavity 9.
For a 4 point defect media column, the media column radius of the upper left point defect 10 is smaller than the media column radius of the lower left point defect 12, the media column radius of the lower left point defect 12 is smaller than the media column radius of the upper right point defect 11, and the media column radius of the upper right point defect 11 is smaller than the media column radius of the lower right point defect 13.
For the adjacent dielectric pillars on the left and right sides of the 4 output waveguides, the radius of the adjacent dielectric pillars on the left and right sides of the lower left output waveguide 4 is equal to the radius of the adjacent dielectric pillars on the left and right sides of the lower right output waveguide 5, the radii of the adjacent dielectric pillars on the left and right sides of the lower left output waveguide 4 and the lower right output waveguide 5 are smaller than the radius of the adjacent dielectric pillars on the left and right sides of the upper left output waveguide 2, and the radius of the adjacent dielectric pillars on the left and right sides of the upper left output waveguide 2 is smaller than the radius of the adjacent dielectric pillars on the left and right sides of the upper right output waveguide 3.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the radius r=0.18a=94.68 nm of the non-special dielectric pillar, a is the lattice constant, i.e. the distance between the centers of two adjacent dielectric pillars, a=526 nm. Of the special dielectric pillars, the size of the dielectric pillar in the reflective structure 14 near the input waveguide 1 is 0.405r, and the remaining special dielectric pillars are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
Example one:
based on the parameters of Table 1, the upper left resonator 6, the upper right resonator 7, the lower left resonator 8 and the lower right resonator 9 are respectively excited by external conditions to have refractive indexes of n 1 ＝3.8，n 2 ＝2.98，n 3 ＝2.6，n 4 =2.5. By inputting TE polarized gaussian pulse signals at the input port, observation is performed at the left add drop output port, the right add drop output port, the left drop output port, the right drop output port, and the obtained transmission spectrum is shown in fig. 2. At the input port, gaussian continuous wavelength signals of single wavelength 1509.49nm, 1445.51nm, 1322nm and 1311.93nm are respectively input, and the obtained optical field distribution is shown in fig. 3.
As can be seen from fig. 2 and 3, the filter simultaneously realizes the drop outputs of 1509.49m wavelength, 1445.51nm wavelength, 1322nm wavelength and 1311.93nm wavelength light from the left drop output port, the right drop output port, the left drop output port and the right drop output port, respectively, and the transmittance of the drop wavelengths 1509.49nm, 1445.51nm, 1322nm and 1311.93nm at the left drop output port, the right drop output port, the left drop output port and the right drop output port is 99.67%, 96.79%, 98.44% and 98.49% respectively, and the transmittance is more than 95%.
Example two:
based on the parameters of Table 1, the upper left resonator 6, the upper right resonator 7, the lower left resonator 8 and the lower right resonator 9 are respectively excited by external conditions to have refractive indexes of n 1 ＝2.69，n 2 ＝2.88，n 3 ＝3.92，n 4 =3.6. By inputting TE polarized gaussian pulse signals at the input ports, observation is performed at the left add/drop output port, the right add/drop output port, the left drop output port, the right drop output port, and the obtained transmission spectrum is shown in fig. 4. At the input port, continuous wavelength signals of single wavelength 1359.56nm, 1430.43nm, 1480.21nm and 1438.24nm are respectively input, and the obtained optical field distribution is shown in fig. 5.
As can be seen from fig. 4 and 5, the filter simultaneously realizes the drop outputs of 1359.56nm, 1430.43nm, 1480.21nm and 1438.24nm from the left drop output port, the right drop output port, the left drop output port and the right drop output port, and the transmittance of the drop wavelengths 1359.56nm, 1430.43nm, 1480.21nm and 1438.24nm at the left drop output port, the right drop output port, the left drop output port and the right drop output port is 99.97%, 94.98%, 96.21% and 99.03% respectively, and the transmittance is more than 94%.
Compared with other eight-channel photonic crystal filters, the number of resonant cavities of the filter is reduced by half, the hexagonal resonant cavities are formed by the phase change material GST, and the tunable function can be realized through external condition excitation.
It should be noted that, although the examples described above are illustrative, this is not a limitation of the present invention, and thus the present invention is not limited to the above-described specific embodiments. Other embodiments, which are apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein, are considered to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (7)
1. The photonic crystal tunable multichannel filter facing the network on the light sheet is characterized by comprising a triangular lattice two-dimensional triangular lattice photonic crystal, wherein 1 input waveguide (1), 1 reflecting structure (14), 4 resonant cavities, 4 point defects and 4 output waveguides are arranged on the two-dimensional triangular lattice photonic crystal;
1 input waveguide (1) horizontally extending in the middle of the two-dimensional triangular lattice photonic crystal by continuously removing a plurality of dielectric columns in the middle row of the two-dimensional triangular lattice photonic crystal from left to right; the left end of the input waveguide (1) is positioned at the left edge of the two-dimensional triangular lattice photonic crystal and forms an input port of the photonic crystal tunable multichannel filter; the right end of the input waveguide (1) is provided with 1 reflecting structure (14) formed by dielectric columns left in the same row of two-dimensional triangular lattice photonic crystals;
each resonant cavity is composed of 7 medium columns of a two-dimensional triangular lattice photonic crystal, 6 outer ring medium columns enclose a hexagon, and 1 center medium column is arranged at the center of the hexagon; the central medium columns of the upper left resonant cavity (6) and the upper right resonant cavity (7) are positioned above the input waveguide (1), and the central medium columns of the upper left resonant cavity (6) and the upper right resonant cavity (7) are positioned in the same row of the two-dimensional triangular lattice photonic crystal; the center dielectric columns of the left lower resonant cavity (8) and the right lower resonant cavity (9) are positioned below the input waveguide (1), and the center dielectric columns of the left lower resonant cavity (8) and the right lower resonant cavity (9) are positioned in the same row of the two-dimensional triangular lattice photonic crystal;
each point defect consists of 1 dielectric pillar; the dielectric column of the upper left point defect (10) is positioned above the upper left slope of the upper left resonant cavity (6) and is positioned on the same slope with the upper left outer ring dielectric column, the lower right outer ring dielectric column and the central dielectric column of the upper left resonant cavity (6); the dielectric column of the upper right point defect (11) is positioned on the right obliquely upper side of the upper right resonant cavity (7) and is positioned on the same oblique line with the upper right outer ring dielectric column, the lower left outer ring dielectric column and the central dielectric column of the upper right resonant cavity (7); the dielectric column of the lower left point defect (12) is positioned below the left slope of the lower left resonant cavity (8) and is positioned on the same slope with the lower left outer ring dielectric column, the upper right outer ring dielectric column and the central dielectric column of the lower left resonant cavity (8); the dielectric column of the lower right point defect (13) is positioned at the right obliquely lower part of the lower right resonant cavity (9) and is positioned on the same oblique line with the lower right outer ring dielectric column, the upper left outer ring dielectric column and the central dielectric column of the lower right resonant cavity (9);
forming 4 output waveguides extending obliquely by continuously removing a plurality of medium columns obliquely from the edge to the middle at four corners of the two-dimensional triangular lattice photonic crystal respectively; the upper left output waveguide (2) is positioned above the upper left point defect (10) in a left inclined way and is positioned on the same inclined line with the dielectric column of the upper left point defect (10) and the central dielectric column of the upper left resonant cavity (6); the upper end of the upper left output waveguide (2) is positioned at the upper left edge of the two-dimensional triangular lattice photonic crystal, and forms an upper left output port and an lower left output port of the photonic crystal tunable multichannel filter; the upper right output waveguide (3) is positioned above the upper right point defect (11) in a right inclined way and is positioned on the same inclined line with the medium column of the upper right point defect (11) and the central medium column of the upper right resonant cavity (7); the upper end of the upper right output waveguide (3) is positioned at the upper right edge of the two-dimensional triangular lattice photonic crystal, and an upper right output port and an lower right output port of the photonic crystal tunable multichannel filter are formed; the left lower output waveguide (4) is positioned below the left slope of the left lower point defect (12) and is positioned on the same slope with the dielectric column of the left lower point defect (12) and the central dielectric column of the left lower resonant cavity (8); the lower end of the left lower output waveguide (4) is positioned at the left lower edge of the two-dimensional triangular lattice photonic crystal, and a left lower output port of the photonic crystal tunable multichannel filter is formed; the lower right output waveguide (5) is positioned under the lower right of the lower right point defect (13) and is positioned on the same oblique line with the dielectric column of the lower right point defect (13) and the central dielectric column of the lower right resonant cavity (9); the lower end of the lower right output waveguide (5) is positioned at the lower right edge of the two-dimensional triangular lattice photonic crystal, and a lower right output port of the photonic crystal tunable multichannel filter is formed;
the central medium columns and the outer ring medium columns of the 4 resonant cavities of the two-dimensional triangular lattice photonic crystal are formed by phase change materials; the two-dimensional triangular lattice photonic crystal is composed of semiconductor material Si as the dielectric pillars except for 4 resonant cavities.
2. The network-on-chip oriented photonic crystal tunable multichannel filter of claim 1, wherein the central dielectric pillars and the outer ring dielectric pillars of the 4 resonant cavities of the two-dimensional triangular lattice photonic crystal are made of phase change material Ge 2 Sb 2 Te 5 The composition is formed.
3. The network-on-optical-sheet-oriented photonic crystal tunable multichannel filter of claim 1 or 2 wherein the refractive index of 7 dielectric rods of each resonator is the same and the refractive index of the dielectric rods between 4 resonators is not the same.
4. The network-on-chip oriented photonic crystal tunable multichannel filter of claim 1 wherein the radius of the 6 outer ring dielectric posts of each resonant cavity is equal; the radii of the adjacent dielectric columns on the left side and the right side of each output waveguide are equal.
5. The network-on-optical-sheet-oriented photonic crystal tunable multichannel filter of claim 1 or 4, characterized in that the radius of the two-dimensional triangular lattice photonic crystal except for the central dielectric pillar and the outer ring dielectric pillar of the resonant cavity, the point defect dielectric pillar, the left and right adjacent dielectric pillars of the output waveguide, and the dielectric pillar of the reflection structure (14) close to the input waveguide (1) is r; the radius of the central dielectric column of each resonant cavity is smaller than r; the radius of the outer ring medium column of each resonant cavity is larger than or equal to r; the radius of each point defect dielectric column is smaller than or equal to r; the radius of the medium columns on two sides of each output waveguide is equal to or larger than r; the radius of the dielectric pillar in the reflective structure (14) near the input waveguide (1) is smaller than r.
6. The network-on-chip oriented photonic crystal tunable multichannel filter of claim 1 or 4,
for the central medium columns of the 4 resonant cavities, the radius of the central medium column of the lower left resonant cavity (8) is equal to that of the central medium column of the lower right resonant cavity (9); the radius of the central medium column of the left lower resonant cavity (8) and the radius of the central medium column of the right lower resonant cavity (9) are smaller than the radius of the central medium column of the left upper resonant cavity (6), and the radius of the central medium column of the left upper resonant cavity (6) is smaller than the radius of the central medium column of the right upper resonant cavity (7);
for the outer ring dielectric pillars of the 4 resonant cavities, the radius of the outer ring dielectric pillar of the upper left resonant cavity (6) is equal to that of the outer ring dielectric pillar of the lower left resonant cavity (8), the radius of the outer ring dielectric pillar of the upper right resonant cavity (7) is equal to that of the outer ring dielectric pillar of the lower right resonant cavity (9), and the radii of the outer ring dielectric pillars of the upper left resonant cavity (6) and the lower left resonant cavity (8) are larger than that of the outer ring dielectric pillars of the upper right resonant cavity (7) and the lower right resonant cavity (9);
for the dielectric columns with 4 point defects, the radius of the dielectric column of the upper left point defect (10) is smaller than that of the dielectric column of the lower left point defect (12), the radius of the dielectric column of the lower left point defect (12) is smaller than that of the dielectric column of the upper right point defect (11), and the radius of the dielectric column of the upper right point defect (11) is smaller than that of the dielectric column of the lower right point defect (13);
for the adjacent dielectric pillars on the left and right sides of the 4 output waveguides, the radius of the adjacent dielectric pillars on the left and right sides of the left lower output waveguide (4) is equal to the radius of the adjacent dielectric pillars on the left and right sides of the right lower output waveguide (5), the radii of the adjacent dielectric pillars on the left and right sides of the left lower output waveguide (4) and the right lower output waveguide (5) are smaller than the radius of the adjacent dielectric pillars on the left and right sides of the left upper output waveguide (2), and the radius of the adjacent dielectric pillars on the left and right sides of the left upper output waveguide (2) is smaller than the radius of the adjacent dielectric pillars on the left and right sides of the right upper output waveguide (3).
7. The network-on-chip oriented photonic crystal tunable multichannel filter of claim 1, wherein the two-dimensional triangular lattice photonic crystal is formed by arranging a plurality of circular dielectric pillars in a staggered matrix, wherein the positions of the odd-numbered row dielectric pillars and the even-numbered row dielectric pillars are staggered, and the positions of the odd-numbered column dielectric pillars and the even-numbered column dielectric pillars are staggered.
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| JP2009042682A (en) * | 2007-08-10 | 2009-02-26 | Nagaoka Univ Of Technology | Photonic wavelength filter |
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| US20100310208A1 (en) * | 2009-06-08 | 2010-12-09 | Omega Optics, Inc. | Photonic crystal band-shifting device for dynamic control of light transmission |
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| JP2009042682A (en) * | 2007-08-10 | 2009-02-26 | Nagaoka Univ Of Technology | Photonic wavelength filter |
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