CN114690243A - Three-dimensional numerical simulation recovery method and device for paleolithologic fault sealing - Google Patents
Three-dimensional numerical simulation recovery method and device for paleolithologic fault sealing Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a three-dimensional numerical simulation recovery method and a three-dimensional numerical simulation recovery device for clastic rock fault ancient sealing, which sequentially comprise the steps of manual intervention and iterative correction for establishing a virtual well, establishing an existing structural model, establishing an existing lithology model, establishing an existing argillaceous content model, simulating numerical values of fault ancient sealing, establishing an ancient lithology model, establishing an ancient argillaceous content model and simulating numerical values of fault ancient sealing, and inversion is carried out by taking a fault ancient sealing evaluation result as a starting point for recovering fault sealing evolution history by means of geological modeling software. The method can expand the two-dimensional fault ancient sealing evaluation result to three-dimensional space distribution, is suitable for well-free and few-well areas, does not need experiment cost, and is more advanced and reliable in use effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil-gas exploration, in particular to a clastic rock fault paleoseal three-dimensional numerical simulation recovery method and device.
Background
The fault hydrocarbon reservoir is one of the most main types of hydrocarbon reservoirs in the east clastic rock fault basin of China, and is basically characterized in that the fault is laterally closed to shield the oil and gas from being gathered into the reservoir. Therefore, the evaluation of the lateral sealing capability of the fault is of great significance for the exploration of fault hydrocarbon reservoirs.
The currently commonly used fault lateral sealing evaluation methods can be divided into two categories, namely qualitative and quantitative: the qualitative evaluation method comprises an Allan graphical method and a Knipe graphical method and is used for judging lithological butt joint sealing characteristics of the upper and lower walls of the fault; the quantitative evaluation method comprises mudstone smearing Potential Clay Smear Potential (CSP), mudstone smearing Factor Shale Smear Factor (SSF), fault mud Ratio Shale Gouge Ratio (SGR) and the like, and is used for judging the mudstone smearing sealing characteristics of the bedrock, wherein the SGR method is most suitable for fault sealing evaluation of clastic rock. However, the above methods all study the lateral sealing of the fault at present, and cannot recover the ancient sealing of the fault in the geological history period. Because the oil and gas reservoir forming process occurs in a geological historical period of millions of years ago, if the current fault closed evaluation result is only used for analysis, the actual oil and gas closing capacity of the fault in the oil and gas reservoir forming process can be misestimated, so that misjudgment is caused on exploration risk evaluation. Therefore, the fault ancient sealing capability in the geological historical period is recovered, and the method has important significance for accurately evaluating the actual oil and gas sealing capability of the fault in the oil and gas reservoir forming process and reducing the drilling risk.
In recent years, geologists have conducted some research on the evaluation method of the paleoseal of a fault, but all of them are limited to a two-dimensional geological analysis method and cannot realize three-dimensional numerical simulation. For example: the method for evaluating the lateral sealing capability of the fault ancient in journal articles of J, Petroleum institute 2013(z1):78-83 is proposed by using the displacement pressure of the fault rock; patent numbers: ZL201811073289.4, name: the invention discloses a fault lateral sealing quantitative evaluation method, and provides a geological analysis method for fault ancient lateral sealing evaluation by modifying SGR.
The two-dimensional geological analysis method for evaluating fault paleoseal has the following defects: (1) the evaluation object can only be limited to fault target points on the two-dimensional cross section of two wells, and the ancient sealing performance of the whole fault plane on a three-dimensional space cannot be evaluated, so that the requirement for analyzing the three-dimensional migration path of oil and gas cannot be met; (2) the conditions of 'passing through at least two exploratory wells' are required to be met on each two-dimensional section, and the methods are more suitable for areas with high exploration degree and higher drilling density, but are not suitable for new exploration areas with few wells or no wells; (3) the displacement pressure method needs rock displacement pressure data, needs higher experimental cost for application and implementation, and has higher popularization difficulty.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a clastic rock fault paleoseal three-dimensional numerical simulation recovery method and a clastic rock fault paleoseal three-dimensional numerical simulation recovery device, and aims to solve the problems that a fault paleoseal evaluation method in the prior art is limited to two-dimensional geological analysis and is not suitable for a new exploration area with few wells or no wells.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a clastic rock fault ancient closed three-dimensional numerical simulation recovery method comprises the following steps:
s1, dividing a fault research area, analyzing and obtaining the threshold value of the selected geophysical parameter for judging sandstone and mudstone based on the drilled lithological data and seismic inversion data of the peripheral area of the research area, respectively establishing a virtual well on the two fault disks by performing seismic inversion on the research area, matching the drilled lithological parameters of the peripheral area according to the threshold value of the selected geophysical parameter, and establishing lithological data of each virtual well of the two fault disks;
s2, acquiring seismic interpretation data of the research area through seismic inversion of the research area, loading, correcting and editing the interpretation data of the fault and the stratum, loading the seismic interpretation data of the research area through geological modeling software, depicting a model boundary and establishing a three-dimensional current structure model;
s3, respectively assigning the lithological properties of the fracture upper and lower disk blocks of the fault in the current structural model established in the step S2 by using the lithological data of each virtual well of the two disks of the fault acquired in the step S1 to establish a current lithological model;
s4, establishing mud content curves of the two virtual wells according to the lithological data obtained in the step S1, and respectively assigning mud content attributes of fault upper and lower disk fault blocks in the current structural model established in the step S2 by taking the average value of the mud content of the lithological data of drilled wells in the peripheral area as an assignment standard so as to establish a current mud content model;
s5, on the basis of the current structural model, the current lithology model and the current shale content model, obtaining the current lithology opposition relation and mudstone smearing characteristics of the fault on the basis of a lithology opposition calculation model and an SGR calculation model of geological modeling software so as to complete numerical simulation of the current fault closure;
s6, in the numerical simulation of the present closure of the fault of the step S5, selecting a specific time unit in the oil and gas accumulation period, calculating and acquiring stratum paleoburial depth data corresponding to a deposition layer of the selected time unit by adopting a segmented back-stripping method, and adjusting the depth data of each layer in the established present structural model according to the acquired stratum paleoburial depth data to change the depth data into a three-dimensional paleostructural model corresponding to the time unit;
s7, converting the existing lithological data of the virtual well in the step S3 through the proportion of sandstone and mudstone thickness to obtain paleolithological data of the virtual well, obtaining paleolithological data of the virtual well by combining the paleoburial depth data obtained in the step S6, and respectively re-assigning lithological properties of the upper and lower walls of the fault in the paleostructural model established in the step S6 according to the obtained paleolithological data to establish a paleolithological model;
s8, based on the mudstone mass conservation principle, calculating and obtaining ancient mudstone content curves corresponding to different geological historical periods according to the existing mudstone content model established in the step S4, and using the ancient mudstone content curves to respectively reassign the mudstone content attributes of the upper and lower discs of the fault in the ancient structural model established in the step S6 so as to establish the ancient mudstone content model;
s9, on the basis of the paleo-structure model, the paleo-lithology model and the paleo-mudstone content model, acquiring a fault paleo-lithology opposition relation and paleo-mudstone smearing characteristics based on a lithology opposition calculation model and an SGR calculation model of geological modeling software, and completing numerical simulation of fault paleo-sealing performance of the selected time unit.
Further, in step S1, the obtaining of the lithology parameters of the drilled wells in the peripheral region includes: and counting the drilled well data of the peripheral region to be used as reference for establishing the lithology data of the virtual well based on the fact that the same sedimentary facies of the same layer system have approximate sedimentary features and lithology percentages in a certain range.
Further, in step S1, the obtaining of the selected threshold value of the geophysical parameter includes: and performing petrophysical analysis based on the lithological data and seismic inversion data of the drilled wells in the peripheral region, preferably selecting the geophysical parameter most sensitive to the lithological relationship, and acquiring the threshold value for judging the sandstone and mudstone by the geophysical parameter.
Further, in step S1, the creating of lithology data of each virtual well of the two fault disks includes:
a. performing seismic inversion on a research area, and performing stretching correction on a geophysical parameter curve by taking a second-level sequence interface and a third-level sequence interface as a standard so as to match the actual stratum condition of a local area;
b. and respectively establishing a virtual well on the two disks of the fault, determining the development characteristics of the virtual well at the sand-shale at different depths according to the selected geophysical parameter threshold value, and correcting by taking the sedimentary characteristics and lithological character percentages of the drilled stratums and sedimentary facies in the peripheral region as references.
Further, in step S4, the establishment of the assignment criteria includes: and calculating the average value of the shale content of each lithology of different intervals by adopting an empirical value assignment method and taking the average value as an assignment standard of the shale content corresponding to each lithology of the virtual well by taking the drilled wells in the peripheral areas as reference.
Further, in step S6, the obtaining of the formation paleoburial depth data further includes:
a. selecting a specific time unit in the oil-gas reservoir period, performing seismic interpretation on a layer corresponding to the time unit, calculating the thickness of an overlying stratum corresponding to a deposition layer of the selected time unit, and preparing for stratum compaction correction;
b. adopting a segmented stripping method, throwing away the thickness of the overburden stratum corresponding to the deposition layer position of the selected time unit from new to old to finish compaction and correction of the stratum and obtain the ancient burial depth of the stratum corresponding to the deposition layer of the selected time unit, wherein the stratum based on the clastic rock stratum mainly comprises sandstone and mudstone, and the calculation formula of the ancient burial depth of the stratum by the segmented stripping method is as follows:
K＝Hancient style-HAncient times
Wherein HCeiling of the present dayIs the present buried depth of the top interface of the stratum; hSole todayIs the present burial depth of the bottom interface of the stratum; hAncient styleIs the paleoburial depth of the top interface of the stratum; hAncient timesIs the paleoburial depth of the stratum bottom interface; k is the thickness of the stratum;
psas a percentage of sandstone of the formation, pmIs the mudstone percentage of the formation; Φ s is sandstone porosity; phimIs mudstone porosity;
s and phimUsing the well-drilled porosity logging data of the peripheral region; p is a radical of formulasAnd pm(iii) a selected geophysical parameter threshold value obtained in step S1;
and repeating the formula calculation, sequentially stripping the overburden stratum from new to old through an iterative method, and acquiring the paleoburial depth data of each stratum of the selected time unit.
Further, in step S6, the building of the ancient architecture model further includes:
according to the obtained ancient buried depth data of each stratum of the selected time unit, in the established current structure model, the depth data of each layer is adjusted to be changed into a three-dimensional ancient structure model corresponding to the time unit;
in the ancient structure model, subtracting the maximum fault distance developed in the stratum corresponding to the selected time unit from the fault distance of the fault in the current stratum on a certain measuring line to obtain the ancient fault distance of the fault on the selected time unit on the side line, calculating the ancient fault distances of the faults on a plurality of measuring lines along the trend of the fault, and obtaining the ancient fault distance data of the whole fault on the trend;
and adjusting the lapping depth of the fault and the two layers in the established paleostructural model according to the paleofault distance data obtained by calculation, so that the fault distance parameters in the paleostructural model are consistent with the paleofault distance data obtained by calculation.
Further, in step S7, the conversion formula of the thickness ratio of the sandstone and the mudstone is:
wherein, CSandstoneThe conversion proportion of the sandstone is dimensionless; cMudstoneThe conversion proportion of mudstone is dimensionless;
the paleolithology data of the virtual well comprises the paleolithology sand and mudstone single-layer thickness obtained by multiplying the sand and mudstone single-layer thickness in the current lithology data of the virtual well by the conversion proportion of the sandstone and the mudstone thickness;
the combined paleoburial depth data includes paleoburial depth data of the top and bottom surfaces of each set of the stratum obtained by the segmented stripping method in step S6.
Further, in step S8, the formula for calculating the ancient muddy texture content curve is:
n＝H/0.125
ρ×s×0.125×Vshnowadays＝ρ×s×(K/n)×VshAncient times
VshAncient times＝(0.125×n)/K×VshNowadays
Wherein VshNowadays、VshAncient timesThe current shale content and the ancient mudstone quality are respectively; H. k is the thickness of the current stratum and the thickness of the ancient stratum respectively; s is the unit area in the formation; rho is the density of the mudstone.
Based on the above clastic rock fault paleo-seal three-dimensional numerical simulation recovery method, the invention also provides an analysis device of the method, which comprises a processor, wherein the processor is configured to execute the method of any one of claims 1 to 9.
By adopting the technical scheme, on the basis of basic functions of 'three-dimensional basin modeling' and 'fault present-time sealing evaluation SGR calculation model' and the like depending on geological modeling software, on the basis of 'ancient-to-the-now' geological thought, a series of manual intervention and iterative correction steps are matched, a fault present-time sealing evaluation result is taken as a starting point for recovering fault sealing evolution history for inversion, and finally, a numerical simulation method suitable for fault ancient sealing evaluation of a well-free and well-poor well area is established.
Drawings
Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Like reference numerals refer to like parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a flow of a clastic rock fault ancient closed three-dimensional numerical simulation recovery method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph of sand shale development characteristics determined by seismic inversion data identification threshold values simulated by way of example in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a lithology prediction diagram of a virtual 1 and a virtual 2 well simulated by way of example in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of a model of a present three-dimensional structure of an exemplary A-structure simulated in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating the prediction of the mud content of a virtual 1 well and a virtual 2 well, which are simulated by way of example in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a diagram of a present three-dimensional model of the shale content of configuration A as exemplified in the present example;
FIG. 7 is a current block evaluation simulation of a fault for the A configuration simulated by way of example in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a seismic interpretation of the A configuration hydrocarbon charge time node simulated by way of example in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 9 is a plot of sand-mudstone porosity versus depth for the X, Y, Z wells in the peripherary region modeled by way of example in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a diagram of restoration of ancient burial depths of the stratum with the A configuration corresponding to 10Ma, 8Ma and 6Ma, which is simulated by way of example in the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 11 is a graph of paleometric fault interval recovery at 10Ma, 8Ma and 6Ma for the structure control ring fault simulated by way of example in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a three-dimensional tectonic model diagram of a tectonic historical period, modeled by way of example in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a three-dimensional lithology model diagram of the geological history period of the structure A, which is simulated by way of example in the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 14 is a graph of recovery of ancient shale content curves of a virtual 1-well and a virtual 2-well simulated by way of example in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a three-dimensional shale content model plot of a tectonic geological historical period of an example simulation in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 16 is a simulated fault paleoseal evaluation simulation diagram of a geologic history period of a structure a in the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the invention can be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.
Because the traditional fault ancient sealing evaluation method is limited to two-dimensional geological analysis and is not suitable for a new exploration area with few wells or no wells, the method depends on geological modeling software, carries out inversion by taking the current sealing evaluation result of the fault as a starting point for recovering the fault sealing evolution history, and sequentially carries out the steps of manual intervention and iterative correction for establishing a virtual well, establishing a current structural model, establishing a current shale content model, numerically simulating the current sealing of the fault, establishing an ancient structural model, establishing an ancient lithology model, establishing an ancient shale content model and numerically simulating the ancient sealing of the fault, so that the two-dimensional fault ancient sealing evaluation result can be expanded to three-dimensional space distribution, and the method can be suitable for a well-free and-free area. The embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail by examples.
As shown in fig. 1, the invention provides a clastic rock fault ancient closed three-dimensional numerical simulation recovery method, which comprises the following steps:
s1, establishing a virtual well;
dividing a fault research area, analyzing and obtaining the threshold value of the selected geophysical parameters for judging and identifying sandstone and mudstone based on the drilled lithological data and seismic inversion data of the peripheral area of the research area, respectively establishing a virtual well on two fault disks by performing seismic inversion on the research area, matching the drilled lithological parameters of the peripheral area according to the threshold value of the selected geophysical parameters, and establishing lithological data of each virtual well of the two fault disks.
Further, the obtaining of the lithologic parameters of the drilled wells in the peripheral region comprises: and counting the drilled well data of the peripheral region to be used as reference for establishing the lithology data of the virtual well based on the fact that the same sedimentary facies of the same layer system have approximate sedimentary features and lithology percentages in a certain range.
Further, the obtaining of the selected geophysical parameter threshold value comprises: and performing petrophysical analysis based on lithological data and seismic inversion data of drilled wells in the peripheral region, preferably selecting the geophysical parameters (such as longitudinal wave impedance, amplitude, seismic wave velocity and the like) most sensitive to the lithological relationship, and acquiring the threshold value for judging the sandstone and mudstone by the geophysical parameters.
Further, the establishment of lithologic data of each virtual well of the two fault disks comprises the following steps:
a. performing seismic inversion on a research area, and performing stretching correction on a geophysical parameter curve by taking a second-level sequence interface and a third-level sequence interface as a standard so as to match the actual stratum condition of a local area;
b. and respectively establishing a virtual well on the two disks of the fault, determining the development characteristics of the virtual well at the sand-shale at different depths according to the selected geophysical parameter threshold value, and correcting by taking the sedimentary characteristics and lithological character percentages of the drilled stratums and sedimentary facies in the peripheral region as references.
The numerical simulation of the paleoseal of the bead-down A structure control ring fault is exemplified in the invention as follows:
two sets of storage-cover combinations for structure A development are respectively a Zhujiang group storage-cover combination and a Zhuhai group storage-cover combination. Comprehensively considering the oil gas main filling period (10-5Ma) and the control ring fault activity stopping time (5Ma) of the structure A, preferably recovering the fault ancient sealing capacity of time nodes of the oil gas filling periods of 10Ma, 8Ma and 6Ma, and evaluating three sets of strata including the upper section of the Zhujiang group, the lower section of the Zhujiang group and the Zhuhai group.
Firstly, numerical simulation is carried out on the current sealing performance of the fault, and the numerical simulation is used as a starting point for recovering the ancient sealing performance.
Namely, the a configuration requires the establishment of a virtual well:
(1) and (3) counting the lithology percentages (table 1) and the sedimentary facies characteristics (table 2) of three sets of stratums, namely the upper section of the Zhujiang group, the lower section of the Zhujiang group and the Zhuhai group, by taking the X well, the Y well and the Z well around the work area as reference.
| Percent sandstone/% | Percentage of mudstone/%) | |
| Guangdong and |
33 | 67 |
| Hanjiang group | 35 | 65 |
| Upper section of Zhujiang group | 32 | 68 |
| Lower section of Zhujiang group | 67 | 33 |
| Zhuhai group | 63 | 37 |
TABLE 1 percentage lithology statistics for X, Y, Z wells around a work area in each formation
| Formation of earth | Upper section of Zhujiang group | Lower section of Zhujiang group | Zhuhai group |
| Sedimentary phase | Shallow sea mud and sand dam | Delta front edge | Plain delta |
TABLE 2 statistic table of sedimentary facies of X, Y, Z wells around work area in Zhujiang group and Zhuhai group
(2) Performing seismic inversion on an X well, a Y well and a Z well, performing rock physical analysis, preferably selecting a 'longitudinal wave resistance seismic parameter' capable of well distinguishing sand and mudstone, and obtaining a sand and mudstone identification threshold: sandstone: the longitudinal wave impedance is less than 8.2^6kg/m ^3 ^ m/s; mudstone: the longitudinal wave impedance is more than 8.5^6kg/m ^3 ^ m/s.
(3) Performing seismic inversion on a research area, establishing a virtual 1 well on a top wall of a fault, establishing a virtual 2 well on a bottom wall of the fault, determining the development characteristics of the sand mudstone of the upper section of the Zhujiang group, the lower section of the Zhujiang group and the Zhuhai group at different depths based on seismic inversion data and a sand mudstone recognition threshold value (figure 2), predicting lithology by taking the lithology percentage and sedimentary facies of the drilled strata in the peripheral area as references, and establishing lithology data of the virtual 1 well and the virtual 2 well (figure 3).
S2, establishing a current construction model;
the method comprises the steps of obtaining seismic interpretation data of a research area through seismic inversion of the research area, loading, correcting and editing the interpretation data of faults and stratums, loading the seismic interpretation data of the research area through geological modeling software, describing a model boundary and establishing a three-dimensional current structural model.
In step S1, for the geological conditions of the structure a, it is preferable to load seismic interpretation data of horizons and controlled-circle faults, such as the top interface of the upper sub-section of the zhuang group, the top interface of the lower sub-section of the zhuang group, the top interface of the zhuhai group, and the bottom interface of the zhuhai group, into software, and perform gridding processing on the seismic interpretation data to complete smooth correction of the contact relationship between the faults and the strata, thereby generating a three-dimensional structure model (fig. 4).
S3, establishing a lithology model;
and (4) respectively assigning the lithological properties of the fracture upper and lower disk blocks in the current structural model established in the step S2 by using the lithological data of the virtual wells of the two disks of the fracture acquired in the step S1.
Further illustrated by the example in step S2, in this step, lithological properties of the fracture upper and lower plate fragments in the three-dimensional structure model created in step two are assigned respectively by using lithological data of the virtual 1-well and the virtual 2-well located in the two plates of the fracture, and the a-structure current lithological model is created.
S4, establishing a current argillaceous content model;
and (5) establishing mud content curves of the two virtual wells according to the lithological data acquired in the step S1, and respectively assigning mud content attributes of the upper and lower disk fault blocks of the fault in the current structural model established in the step S2 by using the average value of the mud content of the lithological properties of the drilled wells in the peripheral region as an assignment standard.
Further, the establishment of the assignment criteria includes: and calculating the average value of the shale content of each lithology of different intervals by adopting an empirical value assignment method and taking the average value as an assignment standard of the shale content corresponding to each lithology of the virtual well by taking the drilled wells in the peripheral areas as reference.
In step S3, an empirical evaluation method is used, and the surrounding X, Y, Z wells are used as reference to calculate the average shale content corresponding to different lithologies in the stratums of the upper part of the zhuang group, the lower part of the zhuang group, the zhhai group, etc., and the average shale content is used as the evaluation standard for the shale content of different lithologies in the research area (table 3).
Table 3A Structure assigned Clay content criteria
Based on this criterion, shale content curves for virtual 1-well and virtual 2-well were created based on lithology (fig. 5). And (4) evaluating the shale content attributes of the upper and lower plate fault block models in the three-dimensional construction model established in the step (II) by using the shale content data of the two wells to finish establishing the A construction shale content model (figure 6).
S5, carrying out numerical simulation on the current fault closure;
on the basis of the current structural model, the current lithology model and the current shale content model, the lithology opposition relation and the mudstone smearing characteristics of the fault are obtained on the basis of a lithology opposition calculation model and an SGR (simple Gouge ratio) calculation model of geological modeling software.
Further illustrated in step S4, on the basis of the building model (step S2), the lithology model (step S3), and the mudstone content model (step S4), the lithology opposition calculation model and the SGR calculation model of the software are used to obtain the lithology opposition relationship and mudstone smearing characteristics of the a-structure controlled ring fault, and the numerical simulation of the current sealing performance of the fault layer is completed (fig. 7).
S6, building an ancient structural model;
in the numerical simulation of the present closure of the fault in step S5, a specific time unit in the oil and gas reservoir formation period is selected, the paleoburial depth data of the stratum corresponding to the deposition layer of the selected time unit is obtained by calculation using the segmentation stripping method, and the depth data of each layer is adjusted in the established present structural model according to the paleoburial depth data of the stratum, so that the paleoburial depth data of each layer is changed into a three-dimensional paleostructural model corresponding to the time unit.
Further, the acquisition of the formation paleoburial depth data further comprises:
a. selecting a specific time unit in the oil-gas reservoir period, performing seismic interpretation on a layer corresponding to the time unit, calculating the thickness of an overlying stratum corresponding to a deposition layer of the selected time unit, and preparing for stratum compaction correction;
b. adopting a segmented stripping method, throwing away the thickness of the overburden stratum corresponding to the deposition layer position of the selected time unit from new to old to finish compaction and correction of the stratum and obtain the ancient burial depth of the stratum corresponding to the deposition layer of the selected time unit, wherein the stratum based on the clastic rock stratum mainly comprises sandstone and mudstone, and the calculation formula of the ancient burial depth of the stratum by the segmented stripping method is as follows:
K＝Hancient style-HAncient times
Wherein HCeiling of the present dayIs the present buried depth of the top interface of the stratum in m; hSole todayIs the present buried depth of the formation bottom interface, and the unit is m; hAncient styleThe ancient buried depth of the top interface of the stratum is m; hAncient timesThe ancient buried depth of the stratum bottom interface is m; k is the ancient thickness of the stratum and is in the unit of m;
psis the sandstone percentage of the formation, in%, pmIs the mudstone percentage of the formation in%; Φ s is sandstone porosity in units; phimIs mudstone porosity in%;
s and phimLogging porosity using drilled wells in peripheral regionsData; p is a radical ofsAnd pmThe selected geophysical parameter threshold value obtained in step S1;
and repeating the formula calculation, sequentially stripping the overburden stratum from new to old through an iterative method, and acquiring the paleoburial depth data of each stratum of the selected time unit.
Further, the building of the ancient architecture model further comprises:
according to the obtained ancient buried depth data of each stratum of the selected time unit, in the established current structure model, the depth data of each layer is adjusted to be changed into a three-dimensional ancient structure model corresponding to the time unit;
in the ancient structure model, subtracting the maximum fault distance developed in the stratum corresponding to the selected time unit from the fault distance of the fault in the current stratum on a certain measuring line to obtain the ancient fault distance of the fault on the selected time unit on the side line, calculating the ancient fault distances of the faults on a plurality of measuring lines along the trend of the fault, and obtaining the ancient fault distance data of the whole fault on the trend;
and adjusting the lapping depth of the fault and the two layers in the established paleostructural model according to the paleofault distance data obtained by calculation, so that the fault distance parameters in the paleostructural model are consistent with the paleofault distance data obtained by calculation.
Further illustrated in step S5, the seismic interpretation is performed on the stratigraphic interfaces corresponding to the three oil-gas filling period time nodes 10Ma, 8Ma, and 6Ma (fig. 8), and the present burial depth corresponding to the selected time node is obtained (table 4).
TABLE 4 depths of burial at present for virtual 1 and 2 wells at 10Ma, 8Ma, 6Ma sedimentary formations
(2) And (3) respectively removing the thickness of the overburden stratum corresponding to the selected time unit from shallow to deep by adopting a segmented stripping method, completing compaction and correction of the stratum, and obtaining the ancient burial depths of the stratum of 10Ma, 8Ma and 6 Ma.
Where, Φ s and ΦmAccording to the sand and mud of X, Y, Z wells in the peripheral regionFitting curves are made for the rock porosity data (fig. 9), and the relation is obtained:
Φs＝55.387e-0.0005z，R2＝0.8077，
Φm＝59.71e-0.0004z，R2＝0.7682，
wherein z is depth in m.
And repeating the steps, and sequentially stripping the overburden stratum from new to old by an iteration method to obtain ancient burial depth data (figure 10) of all the stratums corresponding to the time nodes of the oil gas filling periods of 10Ma, 8Ma and 6 Ma.
(3) In the present three-dimensional lithology model of the a structure in step S2, the depth parameters of the formation are adjusted to correspond to the ancient burial depths of the formation corresponding to the compaction-corrected 10Ma, 8Ma, and 6Ma in (2).
(4) And (3) respectively subtracting the maximum fault distance developed in the stratum corresponding to 10Ma, 8Ma and 6Ma from the fault distance developed in each set of stratum on a certain measuring line of the structure A control ring fault to obtain the ancient fault distance corresponding to 10Ma, 8Ma and 6Ma on the side line of the fault. And calculating fault paleofault distances on a plurality of measuring lines along the fault trend to obtain paleofault distance data of the whole fault on the trend (figure 11).
(5) And step six (3) adjusting the overlapping depth of the fault layer and the two layers of the model corresponding to 10Ma, 8Ma and 6Ma in the ancient structural model after the ancient buried depth of the stratum is adjusted, so that the fault distance parameters of the control ring fault are consistent with the data of ancient fault distance recovery in the step (4). After the stratum paleoburial depth and the fault paleodistance are adjusted, the ancient structure models corresponding to 10Ma, 8Ma and 6Ma are built (fig. 12).
S7, establishing an ancient lithology model;
converting the current lithology data of the virtual well in the step S3 through the proportion of sandstone and mudstone thickness to obtain paleo-lithology data of the virtual well, combining the paleo-burial depth data obtained in the step S6 to obtain paleo-lithology data of the virtual well, and re-assigning lithology attributes of the upper and lower walls of a fault in the paleo-structure model established in the step S6 according to the obtained paleo-lithology data;
further, the conversion formula of the thickness ratio of the sandstone and the mudstone is as follows:
wherein, CSandstoneThe conversion proportion of the sandstone is dimensionless; cMudstoneThe conversion proportion of the mudstone is dimensionless;
the paleolithology data of the virtual well comprises the paleolithology sand and mudstone single-layer thickness obtained by multiplying the sand and mudstone single-layer thickness in the current lithology data of the virtual well by the conversion proportion of the sandstone and the mudstone thickness;
the combined paleoburial depth data comprises the paleoburial depth data of the top and the bottom of each set of stratum obtained by the segmented back-stripping method in the step S6.
Further illustrated by the example in step S6, the thickness conversion ratio of sand and mudstone in the process of compacting the formation is calculated, the thicknesses of sand and mudstone in the lithologic data of the virtual 1 well and the virtual 2 well are converted into the paleo-thicknesses of the virtual well in 10Ma, 8Ma and 6Ma respectively according to the ratio, and the paleo-lithologic data of the virtual 1 well and the virtual 2 well are restored by combining the paleoburial depth of the formation. And (3) reassigning the lithological attributes of the paleo-structure models of the upper and lower walls of the fault by using paleolithological data of the virtual 1 well and the virtual 2 well of the two walls of the fault, and finishing the establishment of the three-dimensional paleolithological models corresponding to 10Ma, 8Ma and 6Ma (figure 13).
S8, establishing an ancient argillaceous content model;
based on the mudstone mass conservation principle, according to the existing mudstone content model established in the step S4, calculating and acquiring ancient mudstone content curves corresponding to different geological historical periods, and using the ancient mudstone content curves to respectively reassign the mudstone content attributes of the upper and lower discs of the fault in the ancient structural model established in the step S6;
furthermore, the sampling interval of the conventional mudness content logging curve is 0.125m, and the number n of sampling data points of each set of the mudness content curve can be obtained by dividing the thickness H of the current stratum by 0.125 m. And dividing the ancient thickness K of the stratum by n to obtain a sampling interval (K/n) m of the ancient argillaceous content curve of the set of stratum in the geological historical period. Based on the mass conservation principle of the mudstone, the quality of the mudstone in the sedimentary deposit with the thickness of 0.125m is the same as that of the mudstone in the ancient sedimentary deposit with the thickness of (K/n), and then the calculation formula for obtaining the content curve of the ancient mudstone is as follows:
n＝H/0.125
ρ×s×0.125×Vshnowadays＝ρ×s×(K/n)×VshAncient times
VshAncient times＝(0.125×n)/K×VshNowadays
Wherein VshNowadays、VshAncient timesThe content of the existing argillaceous rock and the mass of the ancient mudstone are respectively, and the unit is; H. k is the thickness of the current stratum and the thickness of the ancient stratum respectively and has the unit of m; s is the unit area in the stratum, m2(ii) a Rho is the density of mudstone and the unit is Kg/m3。
Further illustrated in step S7, the ancient shale content curves corresponding to the virtual 1-well and the virtual 2-well at 10Ma, 8Ma and 6Ma are calculated according to the formula (fig. 14). And (3) reassigning the argillaceous content attributes of the upper and lower ancient structural models by using the ancient argillaceous content curves to complete the establishment of the ancient argillaceous content models corresponding to 10Ma, 8Ma and 6Ma (figure 15).
S9, numerical simulation of fault ancient sealing;
on the basis of the paleo-structure model, the paleo-lithology model and the paleo-mudstone content model, acquiring a fault paleo-lithology opposition relation and paleo-mudstone smearing characteristics based on a lithology opposition calculation model and an SGR calculation model of geological modeling software, and completing numerical simulation of fault paleo-sealing performance of a selected time unit.
Further described by way of example in step S7, based on the ancient structural model, the ancient lithology model, and the ancient argillaceous content model corresponding to 10Ma, 8Ma, and 6Ma being established, the lithology opposition calculation model and the SGR calculation model are used to calculate the fault ancient lithology opposition relationship and the ancient argillaceous rock smearing characteristics, respectively, and thereby the numerical simulation of the fault ancient sealing performance corresponding to 10Ma, 8Ma, and 6Ma is completed (fig. 16).
Comparing and analyzing fault ancient sealing performance of 10Ma, 8Ma, 6Ma and 5-0Ma (nowadays), and verifying and finding with oil gas enrichment characteristics: if the current evaluation result of the fault is only used for analysis, the fault of the lower section of the Zhujiang group-the sand layer is found to have good sealing property at present, but the lower section of the Zhujiang group-the sand layer is rich in oil, and the oil content of the lower section of the Zhujiang group-the sand layer is relatively low; the current sealing performance of the fracture of the Zhuhai group-and-sand layer is medium, but the oil content of the sand layer-does not contain the oil, which shows that the current sealing performance evaluation numerical simulation result of the fracture cannot correspond to the actual oil-gas enrichment characteristic one by one. The comprehensive fault ancient sealing simulation result and the fault present sealing simulation result (table 5) are discovered, and only a sand layer with good sealing performance in the ancient period and the present time is shown to be rich in oil; in the interval with weak fault closure in the ancient period, the oil-containing property of the corresponding sand layer is affected no matter how well the closure is, and the interval is shown to contain or not contain oil. Therefore, the fault ancient sealing numerical simulation result of the embodiment corresponds to the actual oil-gas content one by one, and the reliability of the method is proved.
TABLE 5 statistical table of evaluation results of fault ancient lateral seal capability and oil gas enrichment characteristics
Based on the clastic rock fault ancient closed three-dimensional numerical simulation recovery method, the invention also provides an analysis device of the method, which comprises a processor, wherein the processor is configured to execute the clastic rock fault ancient closed three-dimensional numerical simulation recovery method.
The present invention is described in terms of flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to specific embodiments. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
On the basis of basic functions of 'three-dimensional basin modeling' and 'fault present-time sealing evaluation SGR calculation model' and the like depending on geological modeling software, a numerical simulation method applicable to fault ancient sealing evaluation of a well-free and well-lacking well area is finally established based on the 'present-time ancient' geological thought and matched with a series of manual intervention and iterative correction steps, inversion is carried out by taking a fault present-time sealing evaluation result as a starting point for restoring fault sealing evolution history, the blank of the prior art is filled, the two-dimensional fault ancient sealing evaluation method is expanded to numerical simulation of a three-dimensional space, and the effect is more advanced and reliable; the virtual well establishing method can be applied under the conditions of no well and few wells, and has wider application range compared with the existing method; compared with the displacement pressure method, the method provided by the invention does not need to perform a rock displacement pressure experiment, does not need experiment cost and has small popularization difficulty.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A clastic rock fault ancient closed three-dimensional numerical simulation recovery method comprises the following steps:
s1, dividing a fault research area, analyzing and obtaining the threshold value of the selected geophysical parameter for judging sandstone and mudstone based on the drilled lithological data and seismic inversion data of the peripheral area of the research area, respectively establishing a virtual well on the two fault disks by performing seismic inversion on the research area, matching the drilled lithological parameters of the peripheral area according to the threshold value of the selected geophysical parameter, and establishing lithological data of each virtual well of the two fault disks;
s2, acquiring seismic interpretation data of the research area through seismic inversion of the research area, loading, correcting and editing the interpretation data of the fault and the stratum, loading the seismic interpretation data of the research area through geological modeling software, depicting a model boundary and establishing a three-dimensional current structure model;
s3, respectively assigning the lithological properties of the fracture upper and lower disk blocks of the fault in the current structural model established in the step S2 by using the lithological data of each virtual well of the two disks of the fault acquired in the step S1 to establish a current lithological model;
s4, establishing mud content curves of the two virtual wells according to the lithological data obtained in the step S1, and respectively assigning mud content attributes of fault upper and lower disk fault blocks in the current structural model established in the step S2 by taking the average value of the mud content of the lithological data of drilled wells in the peripheral area as an assignment standard so as to establish a current mud content model;
s5, on the basis of the current structure model, the current lithology model and the current shale content model, acquiring the current lithology opposition relationship and mudstone smearing characteristics of the fault on the basis of a lithology opposition calculation model and an SGR calculation model of geological modeling software to complete numerical simulation of the current sealing performance of the fault;
s6, in the numerical simulation of the present closure of the fault of the step S5, selecting a specific time unit in the oil and gas reservoir period, calculating and acquiring stratum paleoburial depth data corresponding to a deposition layer of the selected time unit by adopting a segmentation stripping method, and according to the acquired stratum paleoburial depth data, adjusting the depth data of each layer in the established present structural model to convert the depth data into a three-dimensional paleostructural model corresponding to the time unit;
s7, converting the existing lithological data of the virtual well in the step S3 through the proportion of sandstone and mudstone thickness to obtain paleolithological data of the virtual well, obtaining paleolithological data of the virtual well by combining the paleoburial depth data obtained in the step S6, and respectively re-assigning lithological properties of the upper and lower walls of the fault in the paleostructural model established in the step S6 according to the obtained paleolithological data to establish a paleolithological model;
s8, based on the mudstone mass conservation principle, calculating and obtaining ancient mudstone content curves corresponding to different geological historical periods according to the existing mudstone content model established in the step S4, and using the ancient mudstone content curves to respectively reassign the mudstone content attributes of the upper and lower discs of the fault in the ancient structural model established in the step S6 so as to establish the ancient mudstone content model;
s9, on the basis of the paleo-structure model, the paleo-lithology model and the paleo-mudstone content model, acquiring a fault paleo-lithology opposition relation and paleo-mudstone smearing characteristics based on a lithology opposition calculation model and an SGR calculation model of geological modeling software, and completing numerical simulation of fault paleo-sealing performance of the selected time unit.
2. The method for three-dimensional numerical simulation restoration of ancient closure of clastic rock fault as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S1, the obtaining of the drilled lithological parameters of the peripheral region comprises: and counting the drilled well data of the peripheral region to be used as reference for establishing the lithology data of the virtual well based on the fact that the same sedimentary facies of the same layer system have approximate sedimentary features and lithology percentages in a certain range.
3. The method for three-dimensional numerical simulation restoration of paleolithological fault sealing according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the obtaining of the threshold value of the selected geophysical parameter comprises: and performing petrophysical analysis based on the lithological data and seismic inversion data of the drilled wells in the peripheral region, preferably selecting the geophysical parameter most sensitive to the lithological relationship, and acquiring the threshold value for judging the sandstone and mudstone by the geophysical parameter.
4. The method for three-dimensional numerical simulation restoration of ancient closure of clastic rock fault as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S1, the establishment of lithology data of each virtual well of two fault disks comprises:
a. performing seismic inversion on a research area, and performing stretching correction on a geophysical parameter curve by taking a second-level sequence interface and a third-level sequence interface as a standard so as to match the actual stratum condition of a local area;
b. and respectively establishing a virtual well on the two disks of the fault, determining the development characteristics of the virtual well at the sand-shale at different depths according to the selected geophysical parameter threshold value, and correcting by taking the sedimentary characteristics and lithological character percentages of the drilled stratums and sedimentary facies in the peripheral region as references.
5. The three-dimensional numerical simulation restoration method for clastic rock fault ancient closure according to claim 1, wherein in step S4, the establishment of the assignment criterion comprises: and calculating the average value of the shale content of each lithology of different intervals by adopting an empirical value assignment method and taking the average value as an assignment standard of the shale content corresponding to each lithology of the virtual well by taking the drilled wells in the peripheral areas as reference.
6. The method for three-dimensional numerical simulation restoration of paleolithological sealing of clastic rock according to claim 1, wherein in step S6, the obtaining of the paleoburial depth data of stratum further comprises:
a. selecting a specific time unit in the oil-gas reservoir period, performing seismic interpretation on a layer corresponding to the time unit, calculating the thickness of an overlying stratum corresponding to a deposition layer of the selected time unit, and preparing for stratum compaction correction;
b. adopting a segmented stripping method, throwing away the thickness of the overburden stratum corresponding to the deposition layer position of the selected time unit from new to old to finish compaction and correction of the stratum and obtain the ancient burial depth of the stratum corresponding to the deposition layer of the selected time unit, wherein the stratum based on the clastic rock stratum mainly comprises sandstone and mudstone, and the calculation formula of the ancient burial depth of the stratum by the segmented stripping method is as follows:
K＝Hancient style-HAncient times
Wherein HCeiling typeIs the present buried depth of the top interface of the stratum; hSole todayIs the present burial depth of the bottom interface of the stratum; hAncient styleIs the paleoburial depth of the top interface of the stratum; hAncient timesIs the paleoburial depth of the stratum bottom interface; k is the ancient thickness of the stratum;
psas a percentage of sandstone of the formation, pmIs the mudstone percentage of the formation; Φ s is sandstone porosity; phimIs mudstone porosity;
s and phimUsing the well-drilled porosity logging data of the peripheral region; p is a radical ofsAnd pmThe selected geophysical parameter threshold value obtained in step S1;
and repeating the formula calculation, sequentially stripping the overburden stratum from new to old through an iterative method, and acquiring the paleoburial depth data of each stratum of the selected time unit.
7. The method for three-dimensional numerical simulation restoration of paleo-seal of clastic rock fault as claimed in claim 6, wherein in step S6, the building of paleo-structure model further includes:
according to the obtained ancient buried depth data of each stratum of the selected time unit, in the established current structure model, the depth data of each layer is adjusted to be changed into a three-dimensional ancient structure model corresponding to the time unit;
in the ancient structure model, subtracting the maximum fault distance developed in the stratum corresponding to the selected time unit from the fault distance of the fault in the current stratum on a certain measuring line to obtain the ancient fault distance of the fault on the selected time unit on the side line, calculating the ancient fault distances of the faults on a plurality of measuring lines along the trend of the fault, and obtaining the ancient fault distance data of the whole fault on the trend;
and adjusting the lapping depth of the fault and the two layers in the established ancient structural model according to the ancient fault distance data obtained by calculation, so that the fault distance parameters in the ancient structural model are consistent with the ancient fault distance data obtained by calculation.
8. The method for three-dimensional numerical simulation recovery of paleolithological seal of clastic rock fault as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S7, the conversion formula of the proportion of the thicknesses of sandstone and mudstone is as follows:
wherein, CSandstoneThe sandstone is converted into proportion and has no dimension; cMudstoneThe conversion proportion of mudstone is dimensionless;
the paleolithology data of the virtual well comprises the paleolithology sand and mudstone single-layer thickness obtained by multiplying the sand and mudstone single-layer thickness in the current lithology data of the virtual well by the conversion proportion of the sandstone and the mudstone thickness;
the combined paleoburial depth data includes paleoburial depth data of the top and bottom surfaces of each set of the stratum obtained by the segmented stripping method in step S6.
9. The method for three-dimensional numerical simulation restoration of paleolithological fault sealing according to claim 1, wherein in step S8, the formula for calculating the palygorskite content curve is as follows:
n＝H/0.125
ρ×s×0.125×Vshnowadays＝ρ×s×(K/n)×VshAncient times
VshAncient times＝(0.125×n)/K×VshNowadays, the production of these materials is very difficult
Wherein VshNowadays、VshAncient timesThe existing argillaceous content and the ancient mudstone quality are respectively; H. k is the thickness of the current stratum and the thickness of the ancient stratum respectively; s is the unit area in the formation; rho is the density of the mudstone.
10. An analysis apparatus for a clastic rock fault paleo-seal three-dimensional numerical simulation recovery method, comprising a processor configured to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 9.
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| CN115393528A (en) * | 2022-09-20 | 2022-11-25 | 中国地震局地球物理研究所 | Three-dimensional modeling method and system for ancient seismic exploration groove |
| CN115409944A (en) * | 2022-09-01 | 2022-11-29 | 浙江巨点光线智慧科技有限公司 | Three-dimensional scene rendering and data correction system based on low-code digital twinning |
| CN117310805A (en) * | 2023-10-12 | 2023-12-29 | 重庆科技学院 | Evolution characterization method for formation of fracture porosity related to faults |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115409944A (en) * | 2022-09-01 | 2022-11-29 | 浙江巨点光线智慧科技有限公司 | Three-dimensional scene rendering and data correction system based on low-code digital twinning |
| CN115409944B (en) * | 2022-09-01 | 2023-06-02 | 浙江巨点光线智慧科技有限公司 | Three-dimensional scene rendering and data correction system based on low-code digital twin |
| CN115393528A (en) * | 2022-09-20 | 2022-11-25 | 中国地震局地球物理研究所 | Three-dimensional modeling method and system for ancient seismic exploration groove |
| CN117310805A (en) * | 2023-10-12 | 2023-12-29 | 重庆科技学院 | Evolution characterization method for formation of fracture porosity related to faults |
| CN117310805B (en) * | 2023-10-12 | 2024-05-07 | 重庆科技学院 | Evolution characterization method for formation of fracture porosity related to faults |
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