CN114689931A - Electric quantity acquisition circuit and device - Google Patents

Electric quantity acquisition circuit and device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114689931A
CN114689931A CN202011623943.1A CN202011623943A CN114689931A CN 114689931 A CN114689931 A CN 114689931A CN 202011623943 A CN202011623943 A CN 202011623943A CN 114689931 A CN114689931 A CN 114689931A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
unit
voltage
circuit
isolation
resistor
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Pending
Application number
CN202011623943.1A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
曹宏桂
房继军
薛波浪
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Vitamin Technology Xi'an Co ltd
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Vitamin Technology Xi'an Co ltd
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Application filed by Vitamin Technology Xi'an Co ltd filed Critical Vitamin Technology Xi'an Co ltd
Priority to CN202011623943.1A priority Critical patent/CN114689931A/en
Priority to US18/270,430 priority patent/US20240094270A1/en
Priority to EP21912536.6A priority patent/EP4273562A4/en
Priority to PCT/CN2021/075960 priority patent/WO2022141762A1/en
Publication of CN114689931A publication Critical patent/CN114689931A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R1/00—Details of instruments or arrangements of the types included in groups G01R5/00 - G01R13/00 and G01R31/00
    • G01R1/36—Overload-protection arrangements or circuits for electric measuring instruments
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
    • G01R19/22—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof using conversion of ac into dc
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R15/00—Details of measuring arrangements of the types provided for in groups G01R17/00 - G01R29/00, G01R33/00 - G01R33/26 or G01R35/00
    • G01R15/14—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks
    • G01R15/18—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using inductive devices, e.g. transformers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R21/00—Arrangements for measuring electric power or power factor
    • G01R21/06—Arrangements for measuring electric power or power factor by measuring current and voltage
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/40—Testing power supplies
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
    • G01R31/52—Testing for short-circuits, leakage current or ground faults
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33561—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having more than one ouput with independent control
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
    • G01R19/25—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof using digital measurement techniques
    • G01R19/2513—Arrangements for monitoring electric power systems, e.g. power lines or loads; Logging
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R21/00—Arrangements for measuring electric power or power factor
    • G01R21/133—Arrangements for measuring electric power or power factor by using digital technique

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Current Or Voltage (AREA)
  • Power Conversion In General (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an electric quantity acquisition circuit and an electric quantity acquisition device, which are used for solving the problems of labor hour waste and potential safety hazard during reinforced insulation test in the prior art. The electric quantity acquisition circuit comprises an AC-DC conversion unit, an acquisition unit, a processing unit, a power isolation unit and a communication isolation unit, wherein the power isolation unit isolates current between an acquisition unit power end and a processing unit power end, the communication isolation unit isolates current when the acquisition unit communication end communicates with the processing unit communication end, and due to the existence of the power isolation unit and the communication isolation unit, the phenomenon of large current cannot occur on the side of the sampling unit, so that the sampling terminal is not required to be pulled out to strengthen insulation test, and further, the working hours are saved, and potential safety hazards are reduced.

Description

Electric quantity acquisition circuit and device
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power electronics, in particular to an electric quantity acquisition circuit and device.
Background
In order to realize the integration of the environmental quantity monitoring part and the electric quantity acquisition function of the data center machine room monitoring host, a circuit shown in fig. 1 is generally adopted in an electric quantity acquisition circuit commonly used in the industry.
In the electric quantity acquisition circuit shown in fig. 1, when a signal is sampled, the electric quantity acquisition chip uses high-impedance isolation for a voltage signal, and when a Current signal is sampled, an isolation device is used for sampling, for example, a Current Transformer (CT) or a rogowski coil. The power supply and communication part and the secondary side share one AC-DC (Alternating Current-Direct Current) power supply module.
This electric quantity acquisition circuit when strengthening the insulation test at the in-process of production test, because the last voltage grow that bears of voltage sampling resistor, and then lead to the electric current grow, probably lead to the resistance to overflow and burn out, consequently need pull out voltage sampling terminal.
The voltage sampling terminal is pulled out to strengthen the insulation test, the working hours are wasted, and production operators have the risk of electric shock.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an electric quantity acquisition circuit and an electric quantity acquisition device, which are used for solving the problems of labor hour waste and potential safety hazard during reinforced insulation test in the prior art.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electric quantity acquisition circuit, where the circuit includes: AC-DC conversion unit, acquisition unit, processing unit, power isolation unit and communication isolation unit, wherein:
the input end of the AC-DC conversion unit is connected with an alternating current power supply, and the output end of the AC-DC conversion unit is respectively connected with the input end of the power isolation unit and the power end of the processing unit, and is used for converting alternating current into direct current and inputting the direct current into the power isolation unit and the power end of the processing unit;
the sampling end of the acquisition unit is connected with the alternating current power supply and is used for sampling alternating current;
the output end of the power isolation unit is connected with the output end of the acquisition unit and is used for isolating current between the acquisition unit and the processing unit;
the communication isolation unit is connected between the communication end of the acquisition unit and the communication end of the processing unit and used for isolating current when the acquisition unit communicates with the processing unit.
In one possible implementation, the power isolation unit includes a high withstand voltage DC-DC isolation transformer and a switching circuit, wherein:
the switching circuit is used for generating a control signal according to an input switching signal;
the first input end of the high-voltage-withstanding DC-DC isolation transformer is connected with the output end of the AC-DC conversion unit, the second input end of the high-voltage-withstanding DC-DC isolation transformer is connected with the output end of the switch circuit, and the output end of the high-voltage-withstanding DC-DC isolation transformer is connected with the power supply end of the acquisition unit and is used for controlling the high-voltage-withstanding DC-DC isolation transformer to isolate the current between the acquisition unit and the processing unit through a control signal output by the switch circuit.
In one possible implementation, the switching circuit includes a first resistor, a second resistor, and a switching tube, where:
one end of the first resistor is used as the input end of the switch circuit, and the second end of the first resistor is respectively connected with one end of the second resistor and the base electrode of the switch tube;
the other end of the second resistor is connected with the emitting electrode of the switching tube and is grounded;
and the collector of the switching tube is connected with the second input end of the high-voltage-withstanding DC-DC isolation transformer.
In one possible implementation manner, the power isolation unit further includes a voltage stabilizing circuit, where:
the input end of the voltage stabilizing circuit is connected with the output end of the high-voltage-withstanding DC-DC isolation transformer, and the output end of the voltage stabilizing circuit is connected with the power end of the acquisition unit and used for stabilizing the voltage of the direct current output by the high-voltage-withstanding DC-DC isolation transformer and then inputting the stabilized voltage to the power end of the acquisition unit.
In one possible implementation manner, the voltage stabilizing circuit includes a diode, a first capacitor, a third resistor, a voltage stabilizing chip, a second capacitor, a first inductor, and a second inductor, where:
the anode of the diode is connected with the first output end of the high-voltage-withstanding DC-DC isolation transformer, and the cathode of the diode is respectively connected with the first capacitor, the third resistor and the input end of the voltage stabilizing chip;
the output end of the voltage stabilizing chip is respectively connected with one end of a second capacitor and one end of the first inductor;
the other end of the first inductor is connected with a power supply end of the acquisition unit;
a second output end of the high-withstand-voltage DC-DC isolation transformer is respectively connected with the other end of the first capacitor, the other end of the third resistor, a grounding end of the voltage stabilizing chip, the other end of the second capacitor and one end of the second inductor;
the other end of the second inductor is grounded.
In a possible implementation manner, the communication isolation unit includes a photoelectric coupler and a driving circuit, a first end of the photoelectric coupler is connected with the communication end of the processing unit, and the other end of the photoelectric coupler is connected with the communication end of the acquisition unit;
the driving circuit is used for driving the photoelectric coupler to normally work according to the received trigger signal;
and the photoelectric coupler is used for isolating the current when the acquisition unit communicates with the processing unit after normal work.
In one possible implementation, the communication isolation unit includes a communication isolation chip, where:
one end of the communication isolation chip is connected with the communication end of the processing unit, the other end of the communication isolation chip is connected with the communication end of the acquisition unit, wherein one end of the communication isolation chip and the other end of the communication isolation chip are distributed on different sides of an isolation belt of the communication isolation chip.
In one possible implementation manner, the collecting unit includes a collecting chip, a voltage dividing resistor, a non-isolated current collecting unit, and a sampling resistor, wherein:
one end of the divider resistor is connected with the phase line of the alternating current, and the other end of the divider resistor is connected with the voltage acquisition end of the acquisition chip and used for acquiring voltage;
one end of the non-isolated current acquisition unit is connected with a phase line of alternating current, the other end of the non-isolated current acquisition unit is connected with one end of the sampling resistor, and the other end of the sampling resistor is connected with a current acquisition end of the acquisition chip and used for acquiring current.
In one possible implementation, the circuit further includes a direct current-direct current DC-DC conversion circuit;
the input end of the DC-DC conversion circuit is connected with the output end of the AC-DC conversion unit, and the output end of the DC-DC conversion circuit is connected with the power supply end of the processing unit and is used for carrying out voltage reduction processing on the direct current output by the AC-DC conversion unit to obtain a first direct current after voltage reduction.
In a possible implementation manner, the power isolation unit is further configured to:
and controlling the high-voltage-withstanding DC-DC isolation transformer to perform voltage reduction treatment on the direct current output by the AC-DC conversion unit through the switching circuit to obtain a second reduced direct current.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electric quantity acquisition apparatus, including the electric quantity acquisition circuit in any one of the first aspects.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the embodiment of the invention, the current between the power supply end of the acquisition unit and the power supply end of the processing unit is isolated through the power isolation unit, the current when the communication end of the acquisition unit and the communication end of the processing unit are isolated through the communication isolation unit, and when the reinforced insulation test is carried out in the production test process, the phenomenon of large current cannot occur at the side of the sampling unit due to the existence of the power isolation unit and the communication isolation unit, so that the sampling terminal does not need to be pulled out for reinforced insulation test, the working hours are saved, and the potential safety hazard is reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art power harvesting circuit;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an electric quantity acquisition circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an acquisition unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a power isolation unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of another power isolation unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a communication isolation unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of another communication isolation unit provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of another communication isolation unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention is to perform insulation test on a primary side and a secondary side, voltage is added between the primary side and the secondary side step by step to test leakage current, and after the voltage is added to a certain level, if the tested leakage current is smaller than a current value specified in a standard, the insulation test is qualified. The insulation test is divided into a basic insulation test and a reinforced insulation test, wherein the withstand voltage value of the reinforced insulation test is larger than that of the basic insulation test, and is generally 4000V direct current.
Galvanic isolation (Galvanic isolation) refers to the way in which current is prevented from flowing directly from one area to another in a circuit, i.e., no direct current flow path is established between the two areas. Although the current cannot flow directly, the energy or information can still be transmitted by other means, such as electromagnetic induction or electromagnetic waves, or by optical, acoustic or mechanical means.
The electric quantity acquisition unit adopts to pull out the voltage terminal to strengthen the insulation test usually, pulls out voltage sampling terminal, and extravagant man-hour still can have the potential safety hazard to production operating personnel.
Based on the above problem, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electric quantity acquisition circuit, as shown in fig. 2, including an AC-DC conversion unit 20, an acquisition unit 21, a processing unit 22, a power isolation unit 23, and a communication isolation unit 24, where:
the input end of the AC-DC converting unit 20 is connected to an alternating current power supply, and the output end of the AC-DC converting unit 20 is respectively connected to the input end of the power isolating unit 23 and the power end of the processing unit 22, and is configured to convert the alternating current into a direct current and input the direct current to the power ends of the power isolating unit 23 and the processing unit 22;
the sampling end of the acquisition unit 21 is connected with an alternating current power supply and is used for sampling alternating current;
the output end of the power isolation unit 23 is connected with the output end of the acquisition unit 21, and is used for isolating the current between the acquisition unit 21 and the processing unit 22;
the communication isolation unit 24 is connected between the communication end of the acquisition unit 21 and the communication end of the processing unit 22, and is used for isolating the current when the acquisition unit 21 and the processing unit 22 communicate.
In the embodiment of the invention, the power isolation unit is used for isolating the current between the power end of the acquisition unit and the power end of the processing unit, the communication isolation unit is used for isolating the current when the communication end of the acquisition unit communicates with the communication end of the processing unit, and the power isolation unit and the communication isolation unit are used for carrying out electrical isolation, so that an isolation insulation test is not needed in the production test process, the working hours can be saved, and the potential safety hazard is reduced.
In implementation, the alternating current may be three-phase power, and the collecting may include current collecting and voltage collecting, as shown in fig. 3, the collecting unit 21 includes a collecting chip 211, a voltage dividing resistor R1, a non-isolated current collecting unit 212, and a sampling resistor R2, where:
one end of the voltage dividing resistor R1 is connected with a phase line of alternating current, and the other end of the voltage dividing resistor R2 is connected with a voltage acquisition end of the acquisition chip 211 and used for acquiring voltage;
one end of the non-isolated current collection unit 212 is connected with a phase line of alternating current, the other end of the non-isolated current collection unit 212 is connected with one end of the sampling resistor R2, and the other end of the sampling resistor R2 is connected with a current collection end of the collection chip 212 and used for collecting current.
Wherein, the non-isolated current collecting unit 212 may be a CT.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the Processing Unit 22 may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU).
The collection chip and the CPU normally operate and need a working voltage, and the AC-DC conversion unit 20 converts AC power into DC power and supplies the working voltage to the collection chip and the CPU, and since the primary side is a high voltage region and the secondary side is a low voltage region, the primary side and the secondary side need to be electrically isolated, the power isolation unit 23 is connected between the power supply terminal of the collection chip and the power supply terminal of the CPU to prevent a current from flowing between the primary side and the secondary side.
As shown in fig. 3, the power isolation unit 23 may include a high withstand voltage DC-DC isolation transformer 231 and a switching circuit 232, the switching circuit 232 being configured to generate a control signal according to an input switching signal; the first input end of the high voltage-resistant DC-DC isolation transformer 231 is connected with the output end of the AC-DC conversion unit 20, the second input end of the high voltage-resistant DC-DC isolation transformer 231 is connected with the output end of the switch circuit 232, and the output end of the high voltage-resistant DC-DC isolation transformer 231 is connected with the power supply end of the acquisition unit 21, and is used for controlling the high voltage-resistant DC-DC isolation transformer 231 to isolate the current between the acquisition unit and the processing unit through the control signal output by the switch circuit 232.
In a specific implementation, in order to enable the voltage output by the high voltage-withstanding DC-DC isolation transformer to be stably output to the acquisition chip, the power isolation unit may further include a voltage stabilizing circuit, as shown in fig. 3, an input end of the voltage stabilizing circuit 233 is connected to an output end of the high voltage-withstanding DC-DC isolation transformer 231, and an output end of the voltage stabilizing circuit 233 is connected to a power supply end of the acquisition unit 21, and is configured to stabilize the direct current output by the high voltage-withstanding DC-DC isolation transformer 231 and then input the stabilized direct current to the power supply end of the acquisition unit 21.
The high withstand voltage DC-DC isolation transformer 231, the switching circuit 232, and the voltage stabilizing circuit 233 in the embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below.
As shown in fig. 4, for a circuit schematic diagram of a power isolation unit according to an embodiment of the present invention, as can be seen from fig. 4, a high voltage DC-DC isolation transformer 231, i.e., a high voltage DC-DC isolation transformer T in fig. 4, includes a primary winding and a secondary winding.
As shown in fig. 4, the switching circuit 232 includes a resistor R2, a resistor R3, and a switching tube Q1, wherein: one end of the resistor R2 is used as the input end of the switch circuit 232, and the other end of the resistor R2 is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R3 and the base electrode of the switch tube Q1; the other end of the resistor R3 is connected with the emitter of the switch tube Q1 and is grounded; the collector of the switching tube Q1 is connected to the second input terminal of the high withstand voltage DC-DC isolation transformer T.
In implementation, the switching circuit receives a switching signal, the switching signal may be triggered by the CPU, the switching signal may be at a high level, the switching circuit inputs the high level, and the switching tube Q1 is turned on; the switching signal is low level, the switching circuit inputs low level, and the switching tube Q1 is cut off.
As shown in fig. 4, the voltage stabilizing circuit 233 includes a diode D2, a capacitor C5, a resistor R4, a voltage stabilizing chip U1, a capacitor C6, an inductor L2, and an inductor L3, wherein: the anode of the diode D2 is connected with the first output end of the high-voltage DC-DC isolation transformer T, and the cathode of the diode D2 is connected with the input ends of the capacitor C5, the resistor R4 and the voltage stabilizing chip U1 respectively; the output end of the voltage stabilizing chip U1 is respectively connected with one end of the capacitor C6 and one end of the inductor L2; the other end of the inductor L2 is connected with a power supply end of the acquisition unit 21; a second output end of the high-voltage DC-DC isolation transformer T is respectively connected with the other end of the capacitor C5, the other end of the resistor R4, a grounding end of the voltage stabilizing chip U1, the other end of the capacitor C6 and one end of the inductor L3; the other end of the inductor L3 is connected to ground.
It should be noted that the voltage withstanding value of the high voltage withstanding DC-DC isolation transformer in the embodiment of the present invention is equal to or greater than 4000V, and the high voltage withstanding DC-DC isolation transformer is a small-sized high voltage withstanding DC-DC isolation transformer.
The operating principle of the voltage stabilizing circuit 233 is as follows: .
When the Q1 is switched on, the primary side inductance current of the high-voltage-resistant DC-DC isolation transformer T begins to rise, at the moment, due to the relation of the second-side dotted terminal, the output diode D2 is cut off, the high-voltage-resistant DC-DC isolation transformer stores energy, and the load R4 is supplied with energy by the output capacitor C5; when the switching tube Q1 is turned off, the induced voltage of the primary inductor of the high-voltage-withstanding DC-DC isolation transformer T is reversed, the output diode D2 is turned on, and the energy in the high-voltage-withstanding DC-DC isolation transformer T supplies power to the load R4 through the output diode D2, and charges the capacitor C5 to supplement the energy just lost.
Wherein, the inductor L2 plays a role of filtering, and the capacitor C6 and the inductor L3 also play a role of filtering.
Referring to fig. 4, the power isolation circuit may further include a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2, a capacitor C3, a capacitor C4, a resistor R1, an inductor L1, and a diode D1.
One end of a capacitor C1, one end of a capacitor C2 and one end of an inductor L1 are connected with the power supply 12V, the other end of the inductor L1 is respectively connected with one end of a capacitor C3, one end of a capacitor C4, one end of a resistor R1 and a first input end of the isolation transformer, and the other end of a capacitor C1, the other end of the capacitor C2 and the other end of the capacitor C3 are grounded; the other end of the capacitor C4 is connected to the other end of the resistor R1 and the cathode of the diode D1, respectively, and the anode of the diode D1 is connected to the second input terminal of the high-voltage DC-DC isolation transformer.
The capacitor C1 is an energy storage element, the capacitor C2, the capacitor C3 and the inductor L1 play a role in filtering, and the capacitor C4, the resistor R1 and the diode D1 play a role in protecting the switching tube Q1.
In an alternative embodiment, the power isolation unit is further configured to: and the switching circuit controls the high-voltage-withstanding DC-DC isolation transformer to perform voltage reduction treatment on the direct current output by the AC-DC conversion unit to obtain a second direct current after voltage reduction.
For example, the voltage of 12V output by the AC-DC conversion unit is reduced to 3.3V, and power is supplied to the acquisition chip.
If the voltage output by the AC-DC conversion unit is 12V and the CPU supply voltage is also 3.3V, as shown in fig. 3, the acquisition unit provided in the embodiment of the present invention may further include a DC-DC conversion circuit 25, that is, the voltage of 12V output by the AC-DC conversion unit 25 is reduced to 3.3V, so as to supply power to the CPU. Specifically, the DC-DC conversion circuit 25 may use a step-down circuit composed of a step-down chip.
Specifically, the input end of the DC-DC conversion circuit is connected to the output end of the AC-DC conversion unit, and the output end of the DC-DC conversion circuit is connected to the power supply end of the processing unit, and is configured to step down the direct current output by the AC-DC conversion unit to obtain a first direct current after step down, and supply power to the processing unit.
In a specific implementation, two three-phase currents can be collected, so that the power isolation unit is required to output two voltages of 3.3V, as shown in fig. 5, which is a schematic diagram of another power isolation unit provided in an embodiment of the present invention, a dashed box in fig. 5 is a circuit added to fig. 4, and as can be seen from fig. 5, the voltage stabilizing circuit outputs two voltages of 3.3V.
The principle of the circuit in fig. 5 can be referred to that in fig. 4, and is not described in detail here.
The communication isolation unit in the embodiment of the present invention may include a photoelectric coupler and a driving circuit, as shown in fig. 3, a first end of the photoelectric coupler is connected to the communication end of the processing unit, and the other end of the photoelectric coupler is connected to the communication end of the acquisition unit;
the driving circuit 241 is used for driving the photoelectric coupler to normally work according to the received trigger signal;
and the photoelectric coupler is used for isolating the current when the acquisition unit and the processing unit communicate after normal work.
The following describes a communication isolation unit provided by the implementation of the present invention with specific examples.
As shown in fig. 6, which is a schematic diagram of a communication isolation unit according to an embodiment of the present invention, as can be seen from fig. 6, the communication isolation unit includes a resistor R6, a resistor R7, a resistor R8, a resistor R9, a resistor R10, a switch tube Q2, and an optocoupler U3, where:
one end of the resistor R9 is connected to a 3.3V supply voltage (i.e., a supply voltage before isolation, 3.3V in fig. 6) obtained by the DC voltage converted by the AC-DC conversion unit, the other end of the resistor R9 is connected to a first input end of the optocoupler U3, a second input end of the optocoupler U3 is connected to one end of the resistor R10, a first output end of the optocoupler U3 is connected to one end of the resistor R6 and a 3.3V supply voltage (i.e., a supply voltage after isolation, 3.3V _ ISO in fig. 6) obtained by isolation by the communication isolation unit, and a second output end of the optocoupler U3 is connected to one end of the resistor R8; the other end of the resistor R10 is used as the second end of the communication isolation unit, namely, connected with the processing unit, the base of the switch tube Q2 is respectively connected with the other end of the resistor R8 and one end of the resistor R7, the collector of the switch tube Q2 is connected with the other end of the resistor R6, the first end of the communication isolation unit is connected with the acquisition unit, and the emitter of the switch tube Q2 is connected with the other end of the resistor R7 and is grounded.
In fig. 6, R9 and R10 constitute a driver circuit.
In specific implementations, I may be used2The chip of C performs communication, so the communication isolation unit can be designed into the structure shown in fig. 7, and the principle of the specific circuit diagram can be referred to the description of the circuit diagram of fig. 6, which is not described herein again.
Note that, because I2The SDA (Serial Data Line) of the C signal is bidirectional, so two optical couplers, i.e., an optical coupler U3 and an optical coupler U4 in fig. 7 are used, and the optical coupler U5 is used for current isolation in transmission of SCL (Serial Clock Line) signals.
In fig. 7, the first end and the second end are connected to the SDA of the acquisition unit, the third end is connected to the SDA of the processing unit, the fourth end is connected to the SCL of the acquisition unit, and the fifth end is connected to the SCL of the processing unit.
In fig. 7, R9 and R10 are drive circuits of the optocoupler U3, R11 is a drive circuit of the optocoupler U4, and R18 is a drive circuit of the optocoupler U5.
In one possible implementation manner, as shown in fig. 8, the communication isolation unit may further include a communication isolation chip U6, the communication isolation chip U6 includes an isolation strip, the isolation strip includes an SDA1 and an SCL1 on one side, the isolation strip includes an SDA2 and an SCL2 on the other side, the SDA1 is connected to the communication end of the acquisition unit, the SCL1 is connected to the clock signal end of the acquisition unit, the SDA2 is connected to the communication end of the processing unit, and the SCL2 is connected to the clock signal end of the processing unit.
Specifically, the communication isolation unit further includes a resistor R19, a resistor R20, a resistor R21, a resistor R22, a capacitor C9, and a capacitor C10, and the connection relationship between the components in the communication isolation unit will be described with reference to fig. 8.
One end of a resistor R19 is connected with one end of a resistor R20 and the isolated power supply voltage 3.3V (3.3V _ ISO in FIG. 8), the other end of a resistor R19 is connected with an SDA1, the other end of a resistor R20 is connected with an SCL1, one end of a capacitor C9 is connected with the 3.3V _ ISO and the power supply end on one side of the isolation strip, the other end of a capacitor C9 is grounded, the ground end on one side of the isolation strip is grounded, one end of the resistor R21 is connected with one end of a resistor R22 and the power supply voltage 3.3V (3.3V in FIG. 8) before isolation, the other end of a resistor R21 is connected with an SDA2, the other end of a resistor R22 is connected with an SCL2, one end of a capacitor C10 is connected with the 3.3V _ ISO and the power supply end on the other side of the isolation strip, the other end of the capacitor C10 is grounded, and the ground end on the other side of the isolation strip is grounded.
The volume of the communication isolation chip is small, so that the occupied area on a Printed Circuit Board (PCB) is small, the Board of the PCB can be reduced, and the cost is reduced.
The present application is described above with reference to block diagrams and/or flowchart illustrations of methods, apparatus (systems) and/or computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that one block of the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustrations, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustrations, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, and/or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer and/or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions/acts specified in the block diagrams and/or flowchart block or blocks.
Accordingly, the present application may also be embodied in hardware and/or in software (including firmware, resident software, micro-code, etc.). Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product on a computer-usable or computer-readable storage medium having computer-usable or computer-readable program code embodied in the medium for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system. In the context of this application, a computer-usable or computer-readable medium may be any medium that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transport the program for use by or in connection with the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.

Claims (11)

1. A power harvesting circuit, comprising: alternating current-direct current AC-DC conversion unit, acquisition unit, processing unit, power isolation unit and communication isolation unit, wherein:
the input end of the AC-DC conversion unit is connected with an alternating current power supply, and the output end of the AC-DC conversion unit is respectively connected with the input end of the power isolation unit and the power end of the processing unit, and is used for converting alternating current into direct current and inputting the direct current into the power isolation unit and the power end of the processing unit;
the sampling end of the acquisition unit is connected with the alternating current power supply and is used for sampling alternating current;
the output end of the power supply isolation unit is connected with the output end of the acquisition unit and is used for isolating current between the acquisition unit and the processing unit;
the communication isolation unit is connected between the communication end of the acquisition unit and the communication end of the processing unit and used for isolating current when the acquisition unit communicates with the processing unit.
2. The circuit of claim 1, wherein the power isolation unit comprises a high withstand voltage DC-DC isolation transformer and a switching circuit, wherein:
the switching circuit is used for generating a control signal according to an input switching signal;
the first input end of the high-voltage-withstanding DC-DC isolation transformer is connected with the output end of the AC-DC conversion unit, the second input end of the high-voltage-withstanding DC-DC isolation transformer is connected with the output end of the switch circuit, and the output end of the high-voltage-withstanding DC-DC isolation transformer is connected with the power supply end of the acquisition unit and is used for controlling the high-voltage-withstanding DC-DC isolation transformer to isolate the current between the acquisition unit and the processing unit through a control signal output by the switch circuit.
3. The circuit of claim 2, wherein the switching circuit comprises a first resistor, a second resistor, and a switching tube, wherein:
one end of the first resistor is used as the input end of the switch circuit, and the second end of the first resistor is respectively connected with one end of the second resistor and the base electrode of the switch tube;
the other end of the second resistor is connected with the emitting electrode of the switching tube and is grounded;
and the collector of the switching tube is connected with the second input end of the high-voltage-withstanding DC-DC isolation transformer.
4. The circuit of claim 2, wherein the power isolation unit further comprises a voltage stabilizing circuit, wherein:
the input end of the voltage stabilizing circuit is connected with the output end of the high-voltage-withstanding DC-DC isolation transformer, and the output end of the voltage stabilizing circuit is connected with the power end of the acquisition unit and used for stabilizing the voltage of the direct current output by the high-voltage-withstanding DC-DC isolation transformer and then inputting the stabilized voltage to the power end of the acquisition unit.
5. The circuit of claim 4, wherein the voltage regulation circuit comprises a diode, a first capacitor, a third resistor, a voltage regulation chip, a second capacitor, a first inductor, and a second inductor, wherein:
the anode of the diode is connected with the first output end of the high-voltage-withstanding DC-DC isolation transformer, and the cathode of the diode is respectively connected with the first capacitor, the third resistor and the input end of the voltage stabilizing chip;
the output end of the voltage stabilizing chip is connected with one end of a second capacitor and one end of the first inductor respectively;
the other end of the first inductor is connected with a power supply end of the acquisition unit;
a second output end of the high-withstand-voltage DC-DC isolation transformer is respectively connected with the other end of the first capacitor, the other end of the third resistor, a grounding end of the voltage stabilizing chip, the other end of the second capacitor and one end of the second inductor;
the other end of the second inductor is grounded.
6. The circuit of claim 1, wherein the communication isolation unit comprises a photocoupler and a driving circuit, a first end of the photocoupler is connected with the communication end of the processing unit, and the other end of the photocoupler is connected with the communication end of the acquisition unit;
the driving circuit is used for driving the photoelectric coupler to normally work according to the received trigger signal;
and the photoelectric coupler is used for isolating the current when the acquisition unit and the processing unit communicate after normal work.
7. The circuit of claim 1, wherein the communication isolation unit comprises a communication isolation chip, wherein:
one end of the communication isolation chip is connected with the communication end of the processing unit, the other end of the communication isolation chip is connected with the communication end of the acquisition unit, wherein one end of the communication isolation chip and the other end of the communication isolation chip are distributed on different sides of an isolation belt of the communication isolation chip.
8. The circuit of claim 1, wherein the acquisition unit comprises an acquisition chip, a voltage-dividing resistor, a non-isolated current acquisition unit, and a sampling resistor, wherein:
one end of the divider resistor is connected with the phase line of the alternating current, and the other end of the divider resistor is connected with the voltage acquisition end of the acquisition chip and used for acquiring voltage;
one end of the non-isolated current acquisition unit is connected with a phase line of alternating current, the other end of the non-isolated current acquisition unit is connected with one end of the sampling resistor, and the other end of the sampling resistor is connected with a current acquisition end of the acquisition chip and used for acquiring current.
9. The circuit of claim 1, wherein the circuit further comprises a DC-DC conversion circuit;
the input end of the DC-DC conversion circuit is connected with the output end of the AC-DC conversion unit, and the output end of the DC-DC conversion circuit is connected with the power supply end of the processing unit and is used for carrying out voltage reduction processing on the direct current output by the AC-DC conversion unit to obtain a first direct current after voltage reduction.
10. The circuit of claim 9, wherein the power isolation unit is further to:
and controlling the high-voltage-withstanding DC-DC isolation transformer to perform voltage reduction treatment on the direct current output by the AC-DC conversion unit through the switching circuit to obtain a second reduced direct current.
11. An electric quantity collecting device, characterized by comprising the electric quantity collecting circuit as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 10.
CN202011623943.1A 2020-12-31 2020-12-31 Electric quantity acquisition circuit and device Pending CN114689931A (en)

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CN202011623943.1A CN114689931A (en) 2020-12-31 2020-12-31 Electric quantity acquisition circuit and device
US18/270,430 US20240094270A1 (en) 2020-12-31 2021-02-08 Power level acquisition circuit and apparatus
EP21912536.6A EP4273562A4 (en) 2020-12-31 2021-02-08 Power level acquisition circuit and apparatus
PCT/CN2021/075960 WO2022141762A1 (en) 2020-12-31 2021-02-08 Power level acquisition circuit and apparatus

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