CN114689313A - On-line detection device for gear meshing stiffness of nine-gear automatic transmission and multi-signal fusion detection method - Google Patents
On-line detection device for gear meshing stiffness of nine-gear automatic transmission and multi-signal fusion detection method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides an on-line detection device for gear meshing stiffness of a nine-gear automatic transmission and a multi-signal fusion detection method, and belongs to the technical field of gear dynamic performance testing. The problem of the inside planetary gear mechanism planetary gear meshing rigidity of current nine grades of automatic gearbox be difficult for measuring, influence driven steady and safety is solved. The detection device comprises a torque sensor, a fiber bragg grating sensor, a torque sensor upper device, a fiber bragg grating sensor upper device, a nine-gear automatic transmission clamping device, a roller and a support. The method is mainly used for online detection of the meshing rigidity of the gears of the nine-gear automatic transmission. When the meshing rigidity is solved, the gear is simplified into a cantilever beam, the effective contact part of the gear teeth is divided into a series of infinitesimals, the elastic deformation obtained by calculation of each infinitesimal is superposed, finally, the deformation at any instantaneous meshing point is solved, and the single-tooth time-varying meshing rigidity is solved by utilizing the deformation and the force application condition. And processing the calculated multiple single-tooth time-varying meshing rigidities, and performing fusion calculation on adjacent single-tooth time-varying meshing rigidities according to a time synchronization principle to obtain the comprehensive time-varying meshing rigidity of the gear teeth.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of gear dynamic performance testing, and particularly relates to an online detection device for gear meshing stiffness of a nine-gear automatic transmission and a multi-signal fusion detection method.
Background
The gear is an extremely important role in the process of transmitting power, and gear meshing transmission errors are main causes of noise and vibration of the automatic transmission. The transmission error of the gear is aggravated by the change of the time-varying meshing rigidity of the gear, and particularly, the time-varying meshing rigidity of the gear can be greatly reduced under the condition that the gear has defects, so that the transmission stability of a gear transmission system can be influenced. The research on the time-varying meshing rigidity of the gear has very profound significance for researching the generation of gear transmission errors, reducing system noise and diagnosing gear faults.
The meshing stiffness of the gear is a basic parameter for dynamic analysis and calculation of a gear transmission system, and relates to calculation of the meshing stiffness of gear teeth of cylindrical gears, a great deal of research work has been done by many scholars at home and abroad, the main methods include an analytic method (such as Web stiffness for calculating the meshing stiffness of the gear) and a numerical method based on an elastic mechanics finite element, but the measurement of the meshing stiffness of the gear and an experimental method are rare. Because the analysis and calculation process is complex, and because an indirect method is adopted for measurement, the reliability of the measurement results of multiple influencing factors is not high, and the existing means for measuring the meshing rigidity is limited in the aspect of meshing the gears of the automatic transmission.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an on-line detection device for gear meshing stiffness of a nine-gear automatic transmission and a multi-signal fusion detection method for solving the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the on-line detection device for the meshing stiffness of the gears of the nine-gear automatic transmission and the detection method for multi-signal fusion are characterized in that: the device comprises a torque sensor, a fiber bragg grating sensor, a torque sensor upper device, a fiber bragg grating sensor upper device, a nine-gear automatic transmission clamping device, a roller and a support, wherein the transmission clamping device is connected with the support. The engine is fixed on the bracket, and the wheels are arranged above the roller.
Further, the detection area is divided into three parts: the area A, the area B and the area C are arranged in sequence in the horizontal direction.
Further, the method comprises the following steps: the torque sensors are three in number and are positioned near three sun gears of the transmission.
Further, the method comprises the following steps: the fiber grating sensors are installed in three groups, and the first group is positioned in the monitoring area A; the second group is located at the monitoring area B; the third set of sensors is located at monitoring zone C.
Further, the method comprises the following steps: the first and second groups of fiber grating sensors are positioned on the end faces of the sun wheel and the planet wheel, and the third group of fiber grating sensors are positioned on the end faces of the sun wheel, the long planet wheel and the short planet wheel.
Further, the method comprises the following steps: and 8 fiber grating sensors are arranged on each gear, and every two fiber grating sensors are spaced by 45 degrees. The 8 fiber bragg grating sensors of each gear are uniformly distributed at the tooth end of the gear along the radial direction of the gear.
Further, the method comprises the following steps: the transmission clamping device is matched and locked with the support through a gasket and a nut.
Further, the method comprises the following steps: the sensors transmit the measured signals to the upper device in a wireless transmission mode, and the upper device screens the signals and judges the accuracy of the signals, and then the data are obtained through analysis. The upper device is connected with the control terminal.
The invention also provides an on-line detection device for the meshing stiffness of the gears of the nine-gear automatic transmission and a detection method for multi-signal fusion, which comprises the following steps:
the nine-gear automatic transmission gear meshing stiffness online detection device and the multi-signal fusion detection method according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the detection device is installed on the rack and fixed, an initial module is built, a measurement module is built, the measurement module is built, and gear parameters are confirmed.
Step two: the method comprises the steps of building a torque measuring module, adjusting a torque sensor, connecting the torque sensor with an upper device (7) of the torque sensor, connecting the upper device (7) of the torque sensor with a control terminal (1) through a general wiring port, and initializing parameters.
Step three: the bending strain measurement module is built, the fiber bragg grating sensor is adjusted, the fiber bragg grating sensor is connected with an upper device of the fiber bragg grating sensor, the upper device of the fiber bragg grating sensor can adjust signals obtained by the sensor, temperature signals are separated from bending strain signals, and the bending strain signals are transmitted to the control terminal. And connecting a signal transmission interface of the upper device of the fiber grating sensor with the upper device of the fiber grating sensor and the control terminal through a general wiring interface, and initializing parameters.
Step four: the torque sensor and the fiber bragg grating sensor work normally to obtain a bending strain signal and a torque signal.
Step five: and integrating all data information by the terminal, simplifying the gear into a cantilever beam when solving the meshing stiffness, and superposing elastic deformation obtained by calculating each infinitesimal by subdividing the effective contact part of the gear teeth into a series of infinitesimals to finally obtain the normal deformation flexibility of any instantaneous meshing point. The gear is divided into n slices along the tooth width direction, the thickness of each slice is L/n, any gear slice gear can be regarded as the left end fixed, the part connected with the right end of the micro element can be regarded as the rigid body, the deformation of the micro element of the slice gear mainly comprises three parts, the shearing deformation caused by the axial force, the compression deformation caused by the radial external force of the gear and the bending deformation caused by the combined action of the axial external force and the bending moment, and besides, the deformation caused by the contact is also at the meshing point. Therefore, the m-th sheet gear pair comprehensive deformation can be regarded as the sum of the above respective strains, and therefore, the meshing stiffness at any meshing point per unit tooth width on the m-th sheet gear can be expressed as the ratio of the normal meshing force at that point to the product of the normal comprehensive deformation and the tooth width at any meshing point of the m-th sheet gear, while the total meshing stiffness of the entire gear at that instant is numerically the same as the sum of the meshing stiffnesses of the n-th sheet gears. And interpolating the calculated multiple single-tooth time-varying meshing stiffnesses to enable the time-varying meshing stiffness sequences of the single teeth to be equal in length, and performing fusion calculation on the adjacent single-tooth time-varying meshing stiffnesses according to a time synchronization principle, namely that the second section of double-tooth meshing zone of the previous tooth is overlapped with the first section of double-tooth meshing zone of the next tooth, so as to obtain the comprehensive time-varying meshing stiffness of the gear teeth.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention solves the problems that the meshing rigidity of the gears of the nine-gear automatic transmission is difficult to detect, and the transmission stability and the safety are influenced. The method is used for the nine-gear automatic transmission planetary gear, and further realizes measurement of gear meshing rigidity. The sensor arrangement also considers the working conditions of the gear and high rotating speed when the gear rotates, symmetrical arrangement and wireless transmission are adopted, the gear is prevented from being interfered in the movement process, meanwhile, the fiber bragg grating sensor can detect temperature and low signals together, in order to prevent the temperature signals from influencing the precision of transmitted signals, the temperature signals and bending strain signals are separated, and the precision of a monitoring system is improved. The meshing rigidity of the planetary gear train can be accurately measured. A new method is provided for calculating the meshing rigidity of the planetary gears of the nine-gear automatic transmission. The structure is exquisite, can satisfy in industrial production, the demand of rigidity measurement and on-line control in scientific research. Compared with the traditional measuring method, the method is simple to operate and high in reliability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a general structure diagram of a gear mesh rigidity online detection device of a nine-gear automatic transmission
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the force applied to the gear teeth
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a torque sensor
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a fiber grating sensor placed in a C detection area
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a fiber grating sensor placed in a detection area B
FIG. 6 is a general schematic diagram of a fiber grating sensor placed in a C detection area
FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing a fiber grating sensor placed in the detection area A
FIG. 8 is a flow chart of a method for online detection of gear meshing stiffness of a nine-gear automatic transmission
1-control terminal, 2- -nine grades of automatic gearbox dress clamps and puts, 3-wheel, 4-cylinders, 5-support, 6-engine, 7-torque sensor superordinates ware, 8-fiber grating sensor superordinates ware, 9-A detection zone sun gear, 10-B detection zone sun gear 2, 11-C detection zone sun gear 3, 12-A detection zone planet wheel, 13-B detection zone planet wheel, 14-C detection zone short and long star wheel, 15-C detection zone short planet wheel
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the present embodiment, an online detection device for gear meshing stiffness of a nine-speed automatic transmission and a detection method for multi-signal fusion, characterized in that: it includes: the device comprises a torque sensor, a fiber bragg grating sensor, a torque sensor upper device, a fiber bragg grating sensor upper device, a nine-gear automatic transmission clamping device, a roller and a support, wherein the transmission clamping device is connected with the support. The engine is fixed on the bracket, and the wheels are arranged above the roller.
The torque sensors are three in number and are respectively positioned at the sun gear 9, the sun gear 10 and the sun gear 11.
The fiber grating sensors described in this example are installed in three groups, the first group is located in the monitoring area a, the specific position is located on the end faces of the sun gear 9 and the planet gear 12, each gear is installed with 8 fiber grating sensors, and every two fiber grating sensors are spaced by 45 degrees; the second group is positioned in the monitoring area B, the specific positions are positioned on the end faces of the sun gear 10 and the planet gear 13, each gear is provided with 8 fiber grating sensors, and every two fiber grating sensors are spaced by 45 degrees; the third group of sensors are located in the monitoring area C and located on the end faces of the sun wheel 11, the long planet wheel 14 and the short planet wheel 15 respectively, 8 fiber bragg grating sensors are mounted on each gear, and the interval between every two fiber bragg grating sensors is 45 degrees. The 8 fiber bragg grating sensors of each gear are uniformly distributed at the tooth end of the gear along the radial direction of the gear.
The transmission clamping device 2 and the support 5 are locked through the matching of a gasket and a nut.
The detection area of the detection device is divided into three parts, namely an area A, an area B and an area C, and the three areas are sequentially arranged in the horizontal direction.
The sensors described in this example transmit the measured signals to the host computer in a wireless transmission manner, and the host computer screens the signals and judges the accuracy of the signals, and then analyzes the signals to obtain data. The upper processors 7 and 8 are connected with the control terminal 1.
The embodiment is an online detection device for the meshing stiffness of a nine-gear automatic transmission gear of a Toyota automobile and a detection method for multi-signal fusion, and the online detection device comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the detection device is arranged on the rack and fixed, an initial module is built, a measurement module is built, the measurement module is built, and gear parameters are confirmed.
Step two: and (2) building a torque measuring module, adjusting a torque sensor, connecting the torque sensor with an upper device 7 of the torque sensor, connecting the upper device 7 of the torque sensor with the control terminal 1 through a general wiring port, and initializing parameters.
Step three: the bending strain measurement module is built, the fiber bragg grating sensor is adjusted, the fiber bragg grating sensor is connected with the upper device 8 of the fiber bragg grating sensor, the upper device 8 of the fiber bragg grating sensor can adjust signals obtained by the sensor, temperature signals are separated from bending strain signals, and the bending strain signals are transmitted to the control terminal 1. And connecting the upper device signal transmission interface 8 of the fiber grating sensor with the upper device and 8 control terminal 1 of the fiber grating sensor through a general wiring interface, and initializing parameters. The 8 fiber bragg grating sensors of each gear are uniformly distributed at the tooth end of the gear along the radial direction of the gear.
Step four: the torque sensor 7 and the fiber bragg grating sensor 8 work normally to obtain a bending strain signal and a torque signal.
Step five: the gear is simplified into a cantilever beam, the effective contact part of the gear teeth is divided into a series of infinitesimals, the elastic deformation obtained by calculating each infinitesimal is superposed, and finally the normal deformation flexibility at any instantaneous meshing point is obtained. The gear is divided into n slices along the tooth width direction, the thickness of each slice is L/n, any gear slice gear can be regarded as the left end fixed, the part connected with the right end of the micro element can be regarded as the rigid body, the deformation of the micro element of the slice gear mainly comprises three parts, the shear deformation caused by the axial force, the compression deformation caused by the radial external force along the gear and the bending deformation caused by the combined action of the axial external force and the bending moment.
Step six: dividing the meshing area of the m-part sheet gear into a plurality of units, wherein each unit can measure the bending strain delta of each sheet unit by a fiber grating sensor arranged at different positions of the gearij. By means of the following formula, it can be concluded that the load F is applied to the sheet gearjStrain is generated on the cell.
In the formula, deltaijFor the bending deformation at this position, obtained by measurement using a fiber grating sensor, FjThe value of the external force applied to the mth sheet can be calculated by the detected torque, and gamma is the force FjAnd the included angle of the meshing line and the horizontal direction is formed. A. theiIs the area of a infinitesimal, TiThe length of the micro-element is the length of the micro-element,
is the pressure angle, EeV is the Poisson's ratio of the material for equivalent modulus of elasticity. In addition to this, there is also deformation at the engagement point due to contact.
E12eCan be calculated from the respective elastic moduli of the gears which mesh with each other, B being the tooth width and FjThe value of the external force applied to the sheet gear can be the torque obtained by the torque sensorAnd (6) calculating. Therefore, the comprehensive deformation of the m-th sheet gear pair can be regarded as the sum of the above strains; the meshing stiffness at any meshing point per unit tooth width on the m-th sheet gear can be expressed as the ratio of normal net force at that point to the product of normal net deformation and tooth width at any meshing point on the m-th sheet gear. And the total meshing stiffness of the whole gear at the moment is the same as the combination of the meshing stiffnesses of the n sheet gears in value, namely:
And interpolating the calculated multiple single-tooth time-varying meshing stiffnesses to enable the time-varying meshing stiffness sequences of the single teeth to be equal in length, and performing fusion calculation on the adjacent single-tooth time-varying meshing stiffnesses according to a time synchronization principle, namely that the second section of double-tooth meshing zone of the previous tooth is overlapped with the first section of double-tooth meshing zone of the next tooth, so as to obtain the comprehensive time-varying meshing stiffness of the gear teeth.
The on-line detection device for the gear meshing stiffness of the nine-gear automatic transmission and the detection method for multi-signal fusion provided by the invention are introduced in detail, specific examples are applied in the text to explain the principle and the embodiment of the invention, and the description of the examples is only used for helping to understand the method and the core idea of the invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, there may be variations to the embodiments and applications according to the concept of the present invention, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The on-line detection device for the meshing stiffness of the gears of the nine-gear automatic transmission and the detection method for multi-signal fusion are characterized in that: it includes: the device comprises a torque sensor, a fiber bragg grating sensor, a torque sensor upper position device (7), a fiber bragg grating sensor upper position device (8), a nine-gear automatic transmission clamping device (2), a roller (4) and a support (5), wherein the transmission clamping device (2) is connected with the support. The engine is fixed on the bracket (5), and the wheels (3) are arranged above the roller (4).
2. The nine-gear automatic transmission gear meshing stiffness online detection device and the multi-signal fusion detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the three torque sensors are respectively positioned at the sun gear (9), the sun gear (10) and the sun gear (11).
3. The nine-gear automatic transmission gear meshing stiffness online detection device and the multi-signal fusion detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the detection area is divided into three areas A, B and C which are arranged in sequence along the horizontal direction.
4. The nine-gear automatic transmission gear meshing stiffness online detection device and the multi-signal fusion detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the transmission clamping device (2) is matched and locked with the bracket (5) through a gasket and a nut.
5. The nine-gear automatic transmission gear meshing stiffness online detection device and the multi-signal fusion detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fiber bragg grating sensors are installed in three groups, wherein the first group is positioned in the monitoring area A, and the specific position of the first group is positioned on the end faces of the sun wheel (9) and the planet wheel (12); the second group is located in a monitoring area B, the third group of sensors are located on the end faces of the sun wheel (10) and the planet wheel (13) in specific positions and located in a monitoring area C, and the third group of sensors are located on the end faces of the sun wheel (11), the long planet wheel (14) and the short planet wheel (15) respectively.
6. The nine-gear automatic transmission gear meshing stiffness online detection device and the multi-signal fusion detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: and 8 fiber grating sensors are arranged on each gear, and every two fiber grating sensors are spaced by 45 degrees.
7. The nine-gear automatic transmission gear meshing stiffness online detection device and the multi-signal fusion detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the 8 fiber bragg grating sensors of each gear are uniformly distributed at the tooth end of the gear along the radial direction of the gear.
8. The nine-gear automatic transmission gear meshing stiffness online detection device and the multi-signal fusion detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the sensors transmit the measured signals to the upper device in a wireless transmission mode, and the upper device screens the signals and judges the accuracy of the signals, and then the data are obtained through analysis. The upper devices (7, 8) are connected with the control terminal (1).
9. The nine-gear automatic transmission gear meshing stiffness online detection device and the multi-signal fusion detection method according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the detection device is installed on the rack and fixed, an initial module is built, a measurement module is built, the measurement module is built, and gear parameters are confirmed.
Step two: the method comprises the steps of building a torque measuring module, adjusting a torque sensor, connecting the torque sensor with an upper device (7) of the torque sensor, connecting the upper device (7) of the torque sensor with a control terminal (1) through a general wiring port, and initializing parameters.
Step three: the bending strain measurement module is built, the fiber bragg grating sensor is adjusted, the fiber bragg grating sensor is connected with an upper device (8), the upper device (8) of the fiber bragg grating sensor can adjust signals obtained by the sensor, temperature signals are separated from bending strain signals, and the bending strain signals are transmitted to the control terminal (1). And connecting the signal transmission interface (8) of the upper device of the fiber grating sensor with the upper device of the fiber grating sensor and the control terminal (8) (1) through a general wiring interface, and initializing parameters.
Step four: the torque sensor (7) and the fiber bragg grating sensor (8) work normally to obtain a bending strain signal and a torque signal.
Step five: all information is integrated by the terminal (1), during operation, the gear is simplified into a cantilever beam model, effective contact parts of gear teeth are divided into a series of micro elements, elastic deformation obtained by calculation of each micro element is superposed, and finally normal deformation flexibility of any instantaneous meshing point is obtained. The gear is divided into n slices along the tooth width direction, the thickness of each slice is L/n, any gear slice gear can be regarded as the left end fixed, the part connected with the right end of the micro element can be regarded as a rigid body, the deformation of the micro element of the slice gear mainly comprises three parts, the shearing deformation caused by the action of the axial force and the compression deformation caused by the external force along the radial direction of the gear are calculated by determining the pressure when measuring the compression deformation, the bending deformation under the joint action of the axial external force and the bending moment is calculated, the gear teeth of the gear are divided into a plurality of parts along the direction vertical to the tooth width when calculating the bending deformation, 8 fiber grating sensors at different positions measure the bending deformation of each part, and besides, the deformation caused by contact is generated at the meshing point. Therefore, the m-th sheet gear pair comprehensive deformation can be regarded as the sum of the above respective strains, and therefore, the meshing stiffness at any meshing point per unit tooth width on the m-th sheet gear can be expressed as the ratio of the normal meshing force at that point to the product of the normal comprehensive deformation and the tooth width at any meshing point of the m-th sheet gear, while the total meshing stiffness of the entire gear at that instant is numerically the same as the sum of the meshing stiffnesses of the n-th sheet gears.
Step six: and processing the calculated multiple single-tooth time-varying meshing rigidities, and performing fusion calculation on the adjacent single-tooth time-varying meshing rigidities according to a time synchronization principle to obtain the comprehensive time-varying meshing rigidity of the gear teeth.
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| CN108225766A (en) * | 2018-03-16 | 2018-06-29 | 中机生产力促进中心 | Precision speed reduction device precision and performance comprehensive testing rack |
| CN108731890A (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2018-11-02 | 安徽工程大学 | Gear tooth mesh stiffness measures experimental rig and its test method |
| CN109190227A (en) * | 2018-06-12 | 2019-01-11 | 南京聚能传动设备有限公司 | Based on the complicated tooth base Meshing Stiffness of Spur Gears calculation method of parsing-finite element |
| CN110657986A (en) * | 2019-10-11 | 2020-01-07 | 北京工业大学 | Method for calculating deformation of measurement force introduced gear teeth in gear double-sided meshing measurement |
| CN111027149A (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2020-04-17 | 西南交通大学 | Method and device for calculating time-varying meshing stiffness of straight-tooth cylindrical gear pair |
| CN113092103A (en) * | 2021-04-08 | 2021-07-09 | 湖南交通工程学院 | Data-driven gear meshing stiffness real-time prediction device and prediction method |
| CN113390630A (en) * | 2021-06-11 | 2021-09-14 | 德力佳传动科技(江苏)有限公司 | Method for testing torsional vibration frequency of wind power gear box |
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