CN114688764B - Control method of PV/T coupling double-source heat pump building comprehensive energy supply system - Google Patents

Control method of PV/T coupling double-source heat pump building comprehensive energy supply system Download PDF

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CN114688764B
CN114688764B CN202210603968.8A CN202210603968A CN114688764B CN 114688764 B CN114688764 B CN 114688764B CN 202210603968 A CN202210603968 A CN 202210603968A CN 114688764 B CN114688764 B CN 114688764B
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heat
control valve
heat storage
temperature
pump
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CN114688764A (en
Inventor
张占辉
岳欣
张依章
程海鹰
凌郡鸿
曹宝
任佳雪
葛钰申
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Tianjin Binhai New Area Environmental Innovation Research Institute
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Tianjin Binhai New Area Environmental Innovation Research Institute
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Priority to PCT/CN2023/093165 priority patent/WO2023231726A1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B30/00—Heat pumps
    • F25B30/06—Heat pumps characterised by the source of low potential heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D11/00—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses
    • F24D11/02—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps
    • F24D11/0214—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps water heating system
    • F24D11/0221—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps water heating system combined with solar energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D19/00—Details
    • F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
    • F24D19/1009—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for central heating
    • F24D19/1045—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for central heating the system uses a heat pump and solar energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
    • F24S20/40—Solar heat collectors combined with other heat sources, e.g. using electrical heating or heat from ambient air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S50/00—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors
    • F24S50/40—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors responsive to temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
    • H02S40/40—Thermal components
    • H02S40/44—Means to utilise heat energy, e.g. hybrid systems producing warm water and electricity at the same time
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy

Abstract

The invention discloses a control method of a PV/T coupling double-source heat pump building comprehensive energy supply system, which comprises a solar energy heat storage cycle, a solar energy heat collection cycle, a heat storage water tank heat storage cycle, a direct heat supply cycle, a water source heat pump heat taking cycle, a heat pump unit load side heat supply cycle, a ground source heat pump heat taking cycle, a heat pump unit load side cold supply cycle and a ground source heat pump heat supplementing cycle.

Description

Control method of PV/T coupling double-source heat pump building comprehensive energy supply system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of renewable energy sources, in particular to a control method of a PV/T coupling double-source heat pump building comprehensive energy supply system.
Background
The unified consensus of reducing carbon dioxide emission in response to climate change is achieved in the human society. The total carbon emission amount in the whole process of the Chinese building accounts for 51.3 percent of the national carbon emission, wherein the carbon emission in the building operation stage accounts for 21.9 percent of the national carbon emission, the carbon emission in the building operation stage accounts for a higher ratio, and the energy structure in the building operation stage mainly meets the requirements of 'heat, electricity and cold', so that under the background of 'double carbon', a novel building comprehensive energy supply system mainly based on renewable energy needs to be vigorously developed, and the carbon emission amount in the building field is reduced.
China has abundant solar energy resources, and the area with sunshine hours more than 2000h all year around occupies more than 2/3 of the total area of the whole country; however, solar energy is affected by conditions such as rainy weather, seasonality, and day and night, and there are problems such as discontinuity of energy output and unstable stability. The ground source heat pump system takes soil as a cold/heat source, and has higher coefficient of performance than that of the traditional air source heat pump system due to small annual fluctuation of the soil temperature and hysteresis relative to the atmospheric temperature, so that the ground source heat pump system is a high-efficiency, energy-saving, pollution-free and renewable building energy utilization form; however, in severe cold and cold areas in northern China, underground cold accumulation can be caused in the past due to the fact that outdoor temperature is low, heating period is long, and heat load is far larger than cold load.
A Photovoltaic (PV) system is a system that collects solar energy and converts it into electric energy, about 20% of the solar irradiance is converted into electric energy, and the other about 80% of the solar irradiance is converted into heat energy or dissipated, and the temperature effect of a Photovoltaic module is significant (the generation efficiency is reduced by about 0.3% for every 1 ℃ rise), and when the waste heat generated by the Photovoltaic module cannot be utilized, the problem of suppressing power generation also exists. The solar Photovoltaic/thermal unit (PV/T) converts solar energy into electric energy and collects partial heat energy (waste heat), can realize that redundant heat energy (waste heat) is recovered and utilized while solar Photovoltaic power generation is carried out, has a cooling effect on a Photovoltaic cell, and can improve the power generation efficiency and prolong the service life of the module; the temperature of hot water generated by PV/T can reach 45 ℃ generally, the hot water can be used for heating buildings and living hot water, cross-season heat storage can be carried out on ground source heat pump soil, the optimal matching of heat load, electric load and cold load of the buildings can be realized, and the cost of the energy system for the buildings is greatly reduced.
In view of the above, the present invention is particularly proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a control method of a PV/T coupling double-source heat pump building comprehensive energy supply system, which realizes direct heat storage of solar energy to the underground, improves heat collection and storage efficiency and PV/T power generation efficiency, realizes cold and hot double storage, realizes large-span energy gradient utilization of the temperature of a heat storage water tank from high grade to low grade, and improves the comprehensive utilization efficiency of the solar energy. The energy-saving building energy-saving device can efficiently provide heat, electricity and cold energy for buildings, simultaneously reduce the consumption of fossil energy, reduce the carbon emission in the field of buildings, greatly reduce the building energy cost, has wide application prospect and is beneficial to popularization and application.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a control method of a PV/T coupled dual-source heat pump building integrated energy supply system, the PV/T coupled dual-source heat pump building integrated energy supply system includes a PV/T, a ground-embedded heat exchanger, a thermal storage tank, a heat pump unit, a user terminal, a first thermal storage control valve, a second thermal storage control valve, a first thermal collection control valve, a second thermal storage control valve, a first thermal storage tank thermal storage control valve, a second thermal storage tank thermal storage control valve, a third thermal storage tank thermal storage control valve, a first direct supply control valve, a second direct supply control valve, a first water source side control valve, a second water source side control valve, a first ground source side control valve, a second ground source side control valve, a first load gate valve, a second load gate valve, a first source side, a second source side gate valve, a third load control valve, a first ground source side cold supply gate valve, the system comprises a second ground source side cooling gate valve, a first load side cooling gate valve, a second load side cooling gate valve, a first heat supplementing control valve, a second heat supplementing control valve, a heat storage pump, a heat collection pump, a tail end pump, a source side pump, a temperature monitoring system, a junction box, an MPPT controller, an inverter, a user load, a national power grid and a controller;
the temperature monitoring system comprises a first temperature sensor, a second temperature sensor and a third temperature sensor, wherein the first temperature sensor is used for monitoring the outlet temperature of PV/T, the second temperature sensor is used for monitoring the high-temperature outlet temperature of the heat storage water tank, and the third temperature sensor is used for monitoring the low-temperature inlet temperature of the heat storage water tank; the controller is respectively connected with the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor, the third temperature sensor, the heat storage pump, the heat collection pump, the tail end pump and the source side pump;
the outlet of the PV/T, the first heat storage control valve, the heat storage inlet of the ground heat exchanger, the heat storage outlet of the ground heat exchanger, the heat storage pump, the second heat storage control valve and the inlet of the PV/T are sequentially connected through pipelines according to the flow direction of the heat transfer working medium to form a solar heat storage cycle;
the outlet of the PV/T, the first heat collection control valve, the high-temperature inlet of the heat storage water tank, the low-temperature outlet of the heat storage water tank, the second heat collection control valve, the heat collection pump and the inlet of the PV/T are sequentially connected through pipelines according to the flow direction of the heat transfer working medium to form a solar heat collection cycle;
the high-temperature outlet of the heat storage water tank, the heat storage control valve of the first heat storage water tank, the first ground source side control valve, the heat storage inlet of the ground heat exchanger, the heat storage outlet of the ground heat exchanger, the heat storage pump, the heat storage control valve of the third heat storage water tank, the heat storage control valve of the second heat storage water tank and the low-temperature inlet of the heat storage water tank are sequentially connected through pipelines according to the flow direction of the heat transfer working medium to form the heat storage circulation of the heat storage water tank;
the high-temperature outlet of the heat storage water tank, the first direct supply control valve, the tail end pump, the first load gate valve, the condenser inlet of the heat pump unit, the outlet of the condenser of the heat pump unit, the second load gate valve, the user tail end, the second direct supply control valve and the low-temperature inlet of the heat storage water tank are sequentially connected through pipelines according to the flow direction of the heat transfer working medium to form direct heat supply circulation;
the high-temperature outlet of the heat storage water tank, the heat storage control valve of the first heat storage water tank, the first water source side control valve, the source side pump, the first source side gate valve, the evaporator inlet of the heat pump unit, the evaporator outlet of the heat pump unit, the second source side gate valve, the second water source side control valve, the heat storage control valve of the second heat storage water tank and the low-temperature inlet of the heat storage water tank are sequentially connected through pipelines according to the flow direction of the heat transfer working medium to form a heat extraction cycle of the water source heat pump;
the outlet of the condenser of the heat pump unit, the second load gate valve, the user tail end, the third load control valve, the tail end pump, the first load gate valve and the inlet of the condenser of the heat pump unit are sequentially connected through pipelines according to the flowing direction of the heat transfer medium to form heat supply circulation on the load side of the heat pump unit;
an evaporator outlet of the heat pump unit, a second source side gate valve, a second water source side control valve, a second ground source side control valve, a heat taking outlet of the buried pipe heat exchanger, a heat taking inlet of the buried pipe heat exchanger, a first ground source side control valve, a first water source side control valve, a source side pump, a first source side gate valve and an evaporator inlet of the heat pump unit are sequentially connected through pipelines according to the flow direction of heat transfer working medium to form a heat taking cycle of the ground source heat pump;
the outlet of the evaporator of the heat pump unit, the first load side cold supply gate valve, the user tail end, the third load control valve, the tail end pump, the second load side cold supply gate valve and the inlet of the evaporator of the heat pump unit are sequentially connected through pipelines according to the flow direction of the heat transfer working medium to form a load side cold supply circulation of the heat pump unit;
the outlet of the condenser of the heat pump unit, the first ground source side cold supply gate valve, the source side pump, the first heat compensation control valve, the heat compensation inlet/heat storage inlet/heat extraction outlet of the ground heat exchanger, the heat compensation outlet/heat storage outlet/heat extraction inlet of the ground heat exchanger, the second heat compensation control valve, the second ground source side cold supply gate valve and the inlet of the condenser of the heat pump unit are sequentially connected through pipelines according to the flow direction of heat transfer medium to form a ground source heat pump heat compensation cycle;
the control method of the PV/T coupling double-source heat pump building comprehensive energy supply system comprises the following specific steps:
(I) non-heating season
When the outlet of the PV/T reaches a first temperature set value, the controller outputs a signal to the heat collection pump to start, the first heat storage control valve and the second heat storage control valve are both opened, the other control valves are all closed, the heat collected by the PV/T is stored in the buried pipe heat exchanger, namely, a solar heat storage mode is operated, the heat collected by the PV/T is continuously increased along with the continuous enhancement of the solar radiation amount, the outlet temperature of the PV/T is continuously increased, meanwhile, the heat storage backwater temperature is overhigh due to the fact that the soil heat transfer coefficient is far smaller than the heat transfer coefficient of water under the general condition that the soil heat storage is not timely, the water temperature entering the PV/T is overhigh, and therefore the power generation efficiency of the PV/T is influenced, when the outlet of the PV/T reaches a second temperature set value, the controller outputs a signal to the heat collection pump to start, and the heat storage pump stops, at the moment, the first heat collection control valve and the second heat collection control valve are both opened, the other valves are all closed, heat collected by the PV/T is stored in the heat storage water tank, namely, a solar heat collection cycle is operated, and the solar heat storage cycle is switched into a solar heat collection cycle, so that the power generation efficiency of the PV/T is improved; the first temperature set value is lower than the second temperature set value;
(II) heating season
When in a heating season, the first load gate valve, the second load gate valve, the first source side gate valve and the second source side gate valve are normally opened, the first ground source side cold supply gate valve, the second ground source side cold supply gate valve, the first load side cold supply gate valve and the second load side cold supply gate valve are normally closed, when a high-temperature outlet of the heat storage water tank reaches a third temperature set value, the controller outputs a signal to the tail end pump to be started, the first direct supply control valve and the second direct supply control valve are opened, other electric valves are closed, hot water of the heat storage water tank enters an inlet of a condenser of the heat pump unit to directly supply heat to the indoor, solar energy is directly supplied for heat circulation at the moment, when the high-temperature outlet of the heat storage water tank is lower than the fourth temperature set value, the ground source heat pump heat taking circulation is started at the same time, heat is taken from the buried pipe, the hot water of the heat storage water tank enters the inlet of the condenser of the heat pump unit to provide tail end return water temperature, the efficiency of the heat pump unit is improved, and the ground source heat pump and solar energy combined heating mode is operated at the moment, when the high-temperature outlet of the heat storage water tank is lower than a fifth temperature set value, stopping solar direct heat supply circulation, and switching to a water source heat pump heat supply mode, wherein the first ground source side control valve and the second ground source side control valve are closed, and the first water source side control valve, the second water source side control valve, the first heat storage water tank heat storage control valve and the second heat storage water tank heat storage control valve are opened, so that a solar heat energy multiplication effect is realized, and when the low-temperature inlet temperature of the heat storage water tank is lower than a sixth temperature set value, the water source heat pump heat supply mode is switched to a ground source heat pump heat taking circulation mode, so that the stepped utilization of solar energy from high grade to low grade and large span is realized; the third temperature set value, the fourth temperature set value, the fifth temperature set value and the sixth temperature set value are gradually reduced;
cooling season (III)
When in cold season, the first load gate valve, the second load gate valve, the first source side gate valve and the second source side gate valve are normally closed, the first ground source side cooling gate valve, the second ground source side cooling gate valve, the first load side cooling gate valve and the second load side cooling gate valve are normally opened, the four-way valve of the traditional refrigerant of the heat pump is changed through a pipeline bypass method to realize the switching of heat supply and cooling, namely, the building condensation heat balances the underground soil temperature through the pipeline side control to supplement heat to the underground, the building condensation heat is the pipeline where the first ground source side cooling gate valve, the second ground source side cooling gate valve, the first load side cooling gate valve and the second load side cooling gate valve are located, at the moment, the first heat supplementing control valve and the second heat supplementing control valve are opened, the building condensation heat supplements heat to the buried pipe heat exchanger, and when the solar radiation quantity is good, the outlet of the PV/T reaches the seventh temperature set value of the circulation, solar energy heat storage can be carried out through PV/T, namely cold and hot double storage is realized at the same time, and combined operation of heat supplementing circulation and underground heat storage circulation can be realized.
Preferably, the PV/T adopts a vacuum tube type solar photovoltaic and photo-thermal integrated assembly.
Preferably, the system comprises a control valve and a gate valve; the control valves are electrically controlled valves and are arranged in each system cycle; the gate valve is a manual gate valve and is divided into a heat supply season gate valve and a cold supply season gate valve.
Preferably, the PV/T is connected with the combiner box, the MPPT controller, and the inverter in sequence, the inverter is connected with the user load and the national grid, and the direct current sent by the PV/T enters the combiner box and the MPPT controller, and is converted into alternating current through the inverter to supply the user load or the surplus power to the national grid.
Preferably, the PV/T photovoltaic power generation is carried out all the year round, and a mode of 'spontaneous self-use and surplus power on-line' is adopted.
The control method of the PV/T coupling double-source heat pump building comprehensive energy supply system provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects.
1. The invention has stronger applicability in severe cold and cold areas in northern China, and the PV/T has lower water outlet temperature compared with the traditional heat collector, and the solar energy directly stores heat to the underground in non-heat supply seasons, thereby saving an intermediate buffer water tank, improving the heat collection and heat storage efficiency and greatly improving the power generation efficiency of the PV/T.
2. The invention considers that the heat transfer coefficient of the soil is far smaller than that of water, heat is not stored to underground soil in time under the common condition of PV/T, and the temperature of the heat-storing return water is too high, which can cause the water temperature entering PV/T to be too high, thus influencing the generating efficiency of PV/T; when the outlet temperature of the PV/T exceeds the second temperature set value, the solar heat storage cycle can be switched to the solar heat collection cycle, and the power generation efficiency of the PV/T is further improved.
3. The invention balances the underground soil temperature by controlling the building condensation heat to supplement heat to the underground through the pipeline bypass in cold supply seasons, and simultaneously can store the solar energy through PV/T, namely realizing cold and hot double storage.
4. The invention realizes the large-span energy gradient utilization of the temperature of the heat storage water tank from high grade to low grade by utilizing the solar heat energy multiplication effect, thereby improving the comprehensive utilization efficiency of solar energy. The energy-saving building energy-saving device can not only efficiently provide 'hot, electric and cold' energy for buildings, but also reduce the consumption of fossil energy, reduce the carbon emission in the field of buildings, greatly reduce the building energy cost, has wide application prospect and is beneficial to popularization and application.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a PV/T coupling double-source heat pump building comprehensive energy supply system.
In the figure:
1, PV/T2, buried pipe heat exchanger 3, hot water storage tank 4, heat pump unit 5, user terminal 6, valve 611, first heat storage control valve 612, second heat storage control valve 621, first heat collection control valve 622, second heat collection control valve 631, first hot water storage tank heat storage control valve 632, second hot water storage tank heat storage control valve 633, third hot water storage tank heat storage control valve 641, first direct supply control valve 642, second direct supply control valve 651, first water source side control valve 652, second water source side control valve 661, first ground source side control valve 662, second ground source side control valve 671, first load gate valve 672, second load side gate valve 673, first ground source side gate valve 674, second source side gate valve 675, third load control valve 681, first ground source side cold supply gate valve 682, second ground source side cold supply gate valve 691, first load side cold supply gate valve 684, second load side cold supply side gate valve 691, first heat supply control gate valve 691 Valve 692, second heat compensation control valve 71, heat storage pump 72, heat collection pump 73, end pump 74, source side pump 8, first temperature sensor 9, second temperature sensor 10, third temperature sensor 11, combiner box 12, MPPT controller 13, inverter 14, consumer load 15, national grid 16, and controller.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific embodiments and accompanying drawings to assist in understanding the contents of the invention.
As shown in FIG. 1, the comprehensive energy supply system for the PV/T coupling double-source heat pump building is schematically shown. The building integrated energy supply system of the PV/T coupling double-source heat pump comprises a PV/T1, a ground heat exchanger 2, a heat storage water tank 3, a heat pump unit 4, a user terminal 5, a first heat storage control valve 611, a second heat storage control valve 612, a first heat collection control valve 621, a second heat collection control valve 622, a first heat storage water tank heat storage control valve 631, a second heat storage water tank heat storage control valve 632, a third heat storage water tank heat storage control valve 633, a first direct supply control valve 641, a second direct supply control valve 642, a first water source side control valve 651, a second water source side control valve 652, a first ground source side control valve 661, a second ground control valve 662, a first load gate valve 671, a second load gate valve 672, a first source side gate valve 673, a second source side gate valve 674, a third load control valve 675, a first ground source side gate valve 681, a second ground source side gate 682, a first load side gate 683, a second load side cold supply gate valve 684, a first heat supplement control valve 691, a second heat supplement control valve 692, a heat storage pump 71, a heat collection pump 72, a terminal pump 73, a source side pump 74, a temperature monitoring system, a combiner box 11, an MPPT controller 12, an inverter 13, a consumer load 14, a national grid 15, and a controller 16; the PV/T1 adopts a vacuum tube type solar photovoltaic and photo-thermal integrated assembly. The system comprises a control valve and a gate valve; the control valves are electrically controlled valves and are arranged in each system cycle; the gate valve is a manual gate valve and is divided into a heat supply season gate valve and a cold supply season gate valve.
The temperature monitoring system comprises a first temperature sensor 8, a second temperature sensor 9 and a third temperature sensor 10, the first temperature sensor 8 is used for monitoring the outlet temperature of PV/T1, the second temperature sensor 9 is used for monitoring the high-temperature outlet temperature of the hot water storage tank 3, and the third temperature sensor 10 is used for monitoring the low-temperature inlet temperature of the hot water storage tank 3; the controller 16 is connected to the first temperature sensor 8, the second temperature sensor 9, the third temperature sensor 10, the heat storage pump 71, the heat collection pump 72, the end pump 73, and the source side pump 74, respectively. The PV/T1 is sequentially connected with the combiner box 11, the MPPT controller 12 and the inverter 13, the inverter 13 is respectively connected with the user load 14 and the national power grid 15, the direct current sent by the PV/T1 enters the combiner box 11 and the MPPT controller 12, and is converted into alternating current through the inverter 13, so that the user load 14 or the residual current enters the national power grid 15. The PV/T1 photovoltaic power generation is carried out all the year round, and a mode of 'spontaneous self-use and surplus power on-line' is adopted.
The outlet of the PV/T1, the first heat storage control valve 611, the heat storage inlet of the ground heat exchanger 2, the heat storage outlet of the ground heat exchanger 2, the heat storage pump 71, the second heat storage control valve 612 and the inlet of the PV/T1 are sequentially connected through pipelines according to the flow direction of the heat transfer working medium to form a solar heat storage cycle.
The outlet of the PV/T1, the first heat collection control valve 621, the high-temperature inlet of the heat storage water tank 3, the low-temperature outlet of the heat storage water tank 3, the second heat collection control valve 622, the heat collection pump 72 and the inlets of the PV/T1 are sequentially connected through pipelines according to the flow direction of the heat transfer working medium to form a solar heat collection cycle, and when no solar radiation exists at night and the temperature value of the high-temperature outlet of the heat storage water tank 3 is higher than the set temperature, the heat of the heat storage water tank 3 can be stored in the buried pipe heat exchanger 2.
The high-temperature outlet of the heat storage water tank 3, the first heat storage water tank heat storage control valve 631, the first ground source side control valve 661, the heat storage inlet of the ground heat exchanger 2, the heat storage outlet of the ground heat exchanger 2, the heat storage pump 71, the third heat storage water tank heat storage control valve 633, the second heat storage water tank heat storage control valve 632 and the low-temperature inlet of the heat storage water tank 3 are sequentially connected through pipelines according to the heat transfer medium flowing direction to form a heat storage water tank heat storage circulation.
The high-temperature outlet of the heat storage water tank 3, the first direct supply control valve 641, the tail end pump 73, the first load gate valve 671, the condenser inlet of the heat pump unit 4, the condenser outlet of the heat pump unit 4, the second load gate valve 672, the user tail end 5, the second direct supply control valve 642 and the low-temperature inlet of the heat storage water tank 3 are sequentially connected through pipelines according to the flow direction of heat transfer working mediums to form direct heat supply circulation, when the high-temperature outlet of the heat storage water tank 3 exceeds the set temperature, the heat storage water tank 3 can be used for directly supplying heat to the indoor, the heat pump unit 4 does not need to be started at the moment, and the efficiency of the system is greatly improved; when the high-temperature outlet of the heat storage water tank 3 is lower than a certain set temperature, a ground source heat pump and solar energy combined heating mode is started to provide the tail end return water temperature, so that the efficiency of the heat pump unit 4 is improved.
The high-temperature outlet of the heat storage water tank 3, the first heat storage water tank heat storage control valve 631, the first water source side control valve 651, the source side pump 74, the first source side gate valve 673, the evaporator inlet of the heat pump unit 4, the evaporator outlet of the heat pump unit 4, the second source side gate valve 674, the second water source side control valve 652, the second heat storage water tank heat storage control valve 632 and the low-temperature inlet of the heat storage water tank 3 are sequentially connected through pipelines according to the heat transfer medium flowing direction to form a water source heat pump heat taking cycle, at the moment, the solar heat energy multiplication effect can be achieved, and the large-span energy gradient utilization of the temperature of the heat storage water tank 3 is achieved.
The outlet of the condenser of the heat pump unit 4, the second load gate valve 672, the user tail end 5, the third load control valve 675, the tail end pump 73, the first load gate valve 671 and the inlet of the condenser of the heat pump unit 4 are sequentially connected through pipelines according to the flow direction of a heat transfer working medium to form heat supply circulation on the load side of the heat pump unit, and the heat supply circulation on the load side of the heat pump unit needs to be operated together with the heat extraction circulation of a water source heat pump.
The heat pump unit 4 comprises an evaporator outlet, a second source side gate valve 674, a second water source side control valve 652, a second ground source side control valve 662, a heat taking outlet of the buried pipe heat exchanger 2, a heat taking inlet of the buried pipe heat exchanger 2, a first ground source side control valve 661, a first water source side control valve 651, a source side pump 74, a first source side gate valve 673 and an evaporator inlet of the heat pump unit 4 which are sequentially connected through pipelines according to the heat transfer working medium flowing direction to form a heat taking cycle of the ground source heat pump, and the heat taking cycle of the ground source heat pump needs to be operated together with the heat supply cycle of the load side of the heat pump unit.
The outlet of the evaporator of the heat pump unit 4, the first load side cold supply gate valve 683, the user tail end 5, the third load control valve 675, the tail end pump 73, the second load side cold supply gate valve 684 and the inlet of the evaporator of the heat pump unit 4 are sequentially connected through pipelines according to the flow direction of the heat transfer medium to form a heat pump unit load side cold supply circulation.
The ground source heat pump heat supply system comprises a heat pump unit 4, a condenser outlet, a first ground source side cold supply gate valve 681, a source side pump 74, a first heat supplementing control valve 691, a heat supplementing inlet/heat storage inlet/heat extraction outlet of a ground heat exchanger 2, a heat supplementing outlet/heat extraction inlet/heat supplementing outlet of the ground heat exchanger 2, a second heat supplementing control valve 692, a second ground source side cold supply gate valve 682 and a heat pump unit 4 condenser inlet, which are sequentially connected through pipelines according to the flow direction of heat transfer working substances to form a ground source heat pump heat supplementing cycle.
The control method of the PV/T coupling double-source heat pump building comprehensive energy supply system comprises the following specific steps:
during non-heating seasons and non-heating seasons, when the outlet of the PV/T1 reaches a first temperature setting (25 ℃ in this embodiment), the controller 16 outputs a signal to the heat storage pump 71 to start, at this time, the first heat storage control valve 611 and the second heat storage control valve 612 are both opened, the remaining control valves are all closed, the heat collected by the PV/T1 is stored in the buried pipe heat exchanger, that is, the solar heat storage mode is operated, as the solar radiation quantity is continuously increased, the heat collected by the PV/T1 is continuously increased, the outlet temperature of the PV/T1 is continuously increased, and meanwhile, considering that the soil heat transfer coefficient is far smaller than the heat transfer coefficient of the PV/T1, generally, the heat storage backwater temperature is too high due to untimely soil heat storage, which may cause the water temperature entering the PV/T1 to be too high, thereby affecting the power generation efficiency of the PV/T1, therefore, when the outlet of the PV/T1 reaches a second temperature setting (45 ℃ in this embodiment), the controller 16 outputs a signal to the heat collection pump 72 to start, and the heat storage pump 71 stops, at this time, the first heat collection control valve 621 and the second heat collection control valve 622 are both opened, and the other valves are all closed, so that the heat collected by the PV/T1 is stored in the heat storage water tank 3, that is, a solar heat collection cycle is operated, and the solar heat storage cycle is switched to a solar heat collection cycle, thereby improving the power generation efficiency of the PV/T1;
(II) heating season
In the heating season, the first load gate valve 671, the second load gate valve 672, the first source side gate valve 673 and the second source side gate valve 674 are normally opened, the first ground source side cooling gate valve 681, the second ground source side cooling gate valve 682, the first load side cooling gate 683 and the second load side cooling gate valve 684 are normally closed, when the high-temperature outlet of the hot water storage tank 3 reaches a third temperature setting value (45 ℃ in this embodiment), the controller 16 outputs a signal to the terminal pump to start up, the first direct supply control valve 641 and the second direct supply control valve 642 are opened, the other electric valves are closed, the hot water in the hot water storage tank 3 enters the condenser inlet of the heat pump unit 4 to directly supply heat to the indoor, at this time, the solar energy directly supplies heat to the circulation, when the high-temperature outlet of the hot water storage tank 3 is lower than a fourth temperature setting value (40 ℃ in this embodiment), the ground source heat pump heat extraction circulation is started at the same time, the hot water is extracted from the buried pipe, the hot water in the hot water storage tank 3 enters the condenser inlet of the heat pump unit 4, providing the tail end backwater temperature, improving the efficiency of the heat pump unit 4, operating the ground source heat pump and solar energy combined heating mode at the moment, when the high-temperature outlet of the hot-water storage tank 3 is lower than the fifth temperature setting value (30 ℃ in this embodiment), the solar direct heating cycle is stopped, the mode is switched to the water source heat pump heating mode, at this time, the first and second source-side control valves 661 and 662 are closed, the first and second source-side control valves 651 and 652, the first and second hot-water storage tank hot-water storage control valves 631 and 632 are opened, so as to realize the solar heat energy multiplication effect, when the temperature of the low-temperature inlet of the heat storage water tank 3 is lower than a sixth temperature set value (10 ℃ in the embodiment), the heat supply mode of the water source heat pump is switched to a heat taking circulation mode of the ground source heat pump, so that the large-span energy gradient utilization of solar energy from high grade to low grade is realized;
cooling season (III)
In cold seasons, the first load gate valve 671, the second load gate valve 672, the first source side gate valve 673 and the second source side gate valve 674 are normally closed, the first ground source side cooling gate valve 681, the second ground source side cooling gate valve 682, the first load side cooling gate 683 and the second load side cooling gate valve 684 are normally open, switching between heating and cooling is realized by changing a four-way valve of a conventional refrigerant of a heat pump through a pipeline bypass method, namely building condensation heat is controlled through a pipeline bypass to realize heat supply to the underground to balance the temperature of the underground soil, the building condensation heat is supplied to pipelines where the first ground source side cooling gate valve 681, the second ground source side cooling gate valve 682, the first load side cooling gate valve 683 and the second load side cooling gate valve 684 are located, at the moment, the first heat supply control valve and the second heat supply control valve are opened, the building condensation heat is supplied to the buried pipe heat exchanger 2, and simultaneously when the solar radiation amount is good, when the outlet of the PV/T reaches the seventh temperature set value of the heat storage cycle, solar heat storage can be carried out through the PV/T1, namely, cold and hot double storage is realized at the same time, and the combined operation of a heat supplementing cycle and an underground heat storage cycle can be realized.
Compared with the traditional heat collector, the PV/T1 heat collector has lower water outlet temperature, solar energy directly stores heat to the underground in non-heat supply seasons through the control valve, and the heat transfer process of heat storage comprises three links: (1) convection heat transfer from the PV/T1 hot water to the inner wall surface of the ground heat exchanger 2; (2) heat conduction from the inner wall surface to the outer wall surface of the ground heat exchanger 2; (3) the heat transfer thermal resistance of the soil is large, and the heat transfer thermal resistance of PV/T1 hot water is small, so the heat transfer coefficient of the soil is far smaller than that of water, when the heat collected by PV/T1 is increased along with the continuous enhancement of the solar radiation amount, the soil cannot store heat in time, the temperature of the heat-stored return water is too high, the water temperature entering PV/T1 is too high, and the power generation efficiency of PV/T1 is influenced, so that the heat of PV/T1 needs to be transferred urgently at the moment. The heat transfer coefficient from water to water is about 1000 to 2500W/(. square-meter.K), so that the heat collected by the PV/T1 is stored in the heat storage water tank 3, and the power generation efficiency of the PV/T1 is not influenced.
In the invention, the condensation heat at the tail end 5 of the user is compensated to the underground buried pipe heat exchanger 2 by controlling the bypass of the pipeline to balance the temperature of underground soil in cold supply seasons, and solar energy heat storage can be carried out through PV/T1, namely, the cold and hot storage of the condensation heat compensation and the PV/T1 heat storage is realized at the same time, and the construction investment of the underground buried pipe heat exchanger 2 is reduced.
The invention realizes that solar energy directly stores heat to underground, improves heat collection and storage efficiency and PV/T1 power generation efficiency, realizes cold and hot double storage, realizes large-span energy gradient utilization of the temperature of the heat storage water tank from high grade to low grade, and improves the comprehensive utilization efficiency of the solar energy. The energy supply system can not only efficiently provide heat, electricity and cold energy for buildings, but also reduce the consumption of fossil energy and the carbon emission in the field of buildings, has wide application prospect and is beneficial to popularization and application.
The inventive concept is explained in detail herein using specific examples, which are given only to aid in understanding the core concepts of the invention. It should be understood that any obvious modifications, equivalents and other improvements made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. A control method of a PV/T coupling double-source heat pump building comprehensive energy supply system is characterized in that the PV/T coupling double-source heat pump building comprehensive energy supply system comprises a PV/T, a ground heat exchanger, a heat storage tank, a heat pump unit, a user terminal, a first heat storage control valve, a second heat storage control valve, a first heat collection control valve, a second heat collection control valve, a first heat storage tank heat storage control valve, a second heat storage tank heat storage control valve, a third heat storage tank heat storage control valve, a first direct supply control valve, a second direct supply control valve, a first water source side control valve, a second water source side control valve, a first ground source side control valve, a second ground source side control valve, a first load gate valve, a second load gate valve, a first source side gate valve, a second source side gate valve, a third load control valve, a first ground source side cold supply gate valve and a second ground source side cold supply gate valve, the system comprises a first load side cooling gate valve, a second load side cooling gate valve, a first heat supplementing control valve, a second heat supplementing control valve, a heat storage pump, a heat collection pump, a tail end pump, a source side pump, a temperature monitoring system, a combiner box, an MPPT controller, an inverter, a user load, a national power grid and a controller;
the temperature monitoring system comprises a first temperature sensor, a second temperature sensor and a third temperature sensor, wherein the first temperature sensor is used for monitoring the outlet temperature of PV/T, the second temperature sensor is used for monitoring the high-temperature outlet temperature of the heat storage water tank, and the third temperature sensor is used for monitoring the low-temperature inlet temperature of the heat storage water tank; the controller is respectively connected with the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor, the third temperature sensor, the heat storage pump, the heat collection pump, the tail end pump and the source side pump;
the outlet of the PV/T, the first heat storage control valve, the heat storage inlet of the ground heat exchanger, the heat storage outlet of the ground heat exchanger, the heat storage pump, the second heat storage control valve and the inlet of the PV/T are sequentially connected through pipelines according to the flow direction of the heat transfer working medium to form a solar heat storage cycle;
the outlet of the PV/T, the first heat collection control valve, the high-temperature inlet of the heat storage water tank, the low-temperature outlet of the heat storage water tank, the second heat collection control valve, the heat collection pump and the inlet of the PV/T are sequentially connected through pipelines according to the flow direction of the heat transfer working medium to form a solar heat collection cycle;
the high-temperature outlet of the heat storage water tank, the heat storage control valve of the first heat storage water tank, the first ground source side control valve, the heat storage inlet of the ground heat exchanger, the heat storage outlet of the ground heat exchanger, the heat storage pump, the heat storage control valve of the third heat storage water tank, the heat storage control valve of the second heat storage water tank and the low-temperature inlet of the heat storage water tank are sequentially connected through pipelines according to the flow direction of the heat transfer working medium to form the heat storage circulation of the heat storage water tank;
the high-temperature outlet of the heat storage water tank, the first direct supply control valve, the tail end pump, the first load gate valve, the inlet of the condenser of the heat pump unit, the outlet of the condenser of the heat pump unit, the second load gate valve, the user tail end, the second direct supply control valve and the low-temperature inlet of the heat storage water tank are sequentially connected through pipelines according to the flow direction of the heat transfer working medium to form direct heat supply circulation;
the high-temperature outlet of the heat storage water tank, the heat storage control valve of the first heat storage water tank, the first water source side control valve, the source side pump, the first source side gate valve, the evaporator inlet of the heat pump unit, the evaporator outlet of the heat pump unit, the second source side gate valve, the second water source side control valve, the heat storage control valve of the second heat storage water tank and the low-temperature inlet of the heat storage water tank are sequentially connected through pipelines according to the flow direction of heat transfer working medium to form a heat extraction cycle of the water source heat pump;
the outlet of the condenser of the heat pump unit, the second load gate valve, the user tail end, the third load control valve, the tail end pump, the first load gate valve and the inlet of the condenser of the heat pump unit are sequentially connected through pipelines according to the flowing direction of the heat transfer medium to form heat supply circulation on the load side of the heat pump unit;
the outlet of the evaporator of the heat pump unit, the gate valve at the second source side, the control valve at the second water source side, the control valve at the second ground source side, the heat taking outlet of the ground heat exchanger, the heat taking inlet of the ground heat exchanger, the control valve at the first ground source side, the control valve at the first water source side, the source side pump, the gate valve at the first source side and the inlet of the evaporator of the heat pump unit are sequentially connected through pipelines according to the flow direction of the heat transfer working medium to form a heat taking cycle of the ground source heat pump;
the outlet of the evaporator of the heat pump unit, the first load side cold supply gate valve, the user tail end, the third load control valve, the tail end pump, the second load side cold supply gate valve and the inlet of the evaporator of the heat pump unit are sequentially connected through pipelines according to the flow direction of the heat transfer working medium to form a load side cold supply circulation of the heat pump unit;
the outlet of the condenser of the heat pump unit, the first ground source side cold supply gate valve, the source side pump, the first heat compensation control valve, the heat compensation inlet/heat storage inlet/heat extraction outlet of the ground heat exchanger, the heat compensation outlet/heat storage outlet/heat extraction inlet of the ground heat exchanger, the second heat compensation control valve, the second ground source side cold supply gate valve and the inlet of the condenser of the heat pump unit are sequentially connected through pipelines according to the flow direction of heat transfer medium to form a ground source heat pump heat compensation cycle;
the control method of the PV/T coupling double-source heat pump building comprehensive energy supply system comprises the following specific steps:
(I) non-heating season
When the outlet of the PV/T reaches a first temperature set value, the controller outputs a signal to the heat storage pump to start, at the moment, the first heat storage control valve and the second heat storage control valve are both opened, the rest control valves are all closed, and the heat collected by the PV/T is stored in the buried pipe heat exchanger; when the outlet of the PV/T reaches a second temperature set value, the controller outputs a signal to the heat collection pump to start, and the heat storage pump stops, at the same time, the first heat collection control valve and the second heat collection control valve are both opened, and the rest valves are all closed, so that redundant heat collected by the PV/T is stored in the heat storage water tank; the first temperature set value is lower than the second temperature set value;
(II) heating season
When the high-temperature outlet of the heat storage water tank reaches a third temperature set value, the controller outputs a signal to start the tail-end pump, the first direct supply control valve and the second direct supply control valve are opened, other electric valves are closed, and hot water in the heat storage water tank enters the condenser inlet of the heat pump unit to directly supply heat to the indoor space; when the high-temperature outlet of the heat storage water tank is lower than the fourth temperature set value, simultaneously starting a ground source heat pump heat extraction cycle to extract heat from the buried pipe, and enabling hot water in the heat storage water tank to enter the condenser inlet of the heat pump unit to provide the tail end return water temperature; when the high-temperature outlet of the heat storage water tank is lower than the fifth temperature set value, stopping the solar direct heat supply circulation and switching to a water source heat pump heat supply mode; when the temperature of the low-temperature inlet of the heat storage water tank is lower than a sixth temperature set value, switching to a ground source heat pump heat extraction circulation mode; the third temperature set value, the fourth temperature set value, the fifth temperature set value and the sixth temperature set value are gradually reduced;
cooling season (III)
The condensation heat of the building is supplemented to the underground through the control beside the pipeline to balance the temperature of the underground soil, and when the outlet of the PV/T reaches the seventh temperature set value of the heat storage cycle, the solar heat storage can be carried out through the PV/T.
2. The method for controlling the integrated energy supply system of the PV/T coupled dual-source heat pump building as claimed in claim 1, wherein the PV/T is a vacuum tube type solar photovoltaic photo-thermal integrated module.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the system comprises control valves and gate valves; the control valves are electrically controlled valves and are arranged in each system cycle; the gate valve is a manual gate valve and is divided into a heat supply season gate valve and a cold supply season gate valve.
4. The control method of the PV/T coupling dual-source heat pump building comprehensive energy supply system as claimed in claim 2, wherein the PV/T is sequentially connected with the combiner box, the MPPT controller and the inverter, the inverter is respectively connected with the user load and the national power grid, and the direct current sent by the PV/T enters the combiner box and the MPPT controller, and is converted into alternating current through the inverter to supply the user load or the surplus power to the national power grid.
5. The control method of the integrated energy supply system for the PV/T coupling double-source heat pump building as claimed in claim 2, wherein the PV/T photovoltaic power generation is performed all year round in a self-generating and residual electricity on-line mode.
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