CN114688747A

CN114688747A - Solar household heating room

Info

Publication number: CN114688747A
Application number: CN202011644802.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王振礼
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2020-12-28
Filing date: 2020-12-28
Publication date: 2022-07-01

Abstract

A solar household heat supply room is a solar light-gathering heat collection and application device thereof, on the basis of overcoming the defects of less heat collection, low temperature and discontinuous and unsatisfied heat supply of a solar water heater, a non-tracking semicircular light-gathering groove straight-through type vacuum glass tube heat collector (1 in figure 14) is used for gathering a large amount of heat energy and high-temperature heat energy, then the heat energy is conveyed to a circulating heat absorption and storage pool for storage (2 in figure 14) through heat conduction oil, water is changed into oil, the oil is respectively distributed to an oil-immersed heating stove for cooking (3 in figure 14) and heated water (4 in figure 14) in a heat storage heat exchanger through the heat conduction oil with the temperature higher than 160 ℃, an electric heating compensator is specially and additionally arranged in a container with a heat storage agent, two-stage heat storage of two heat sources is formed, and the defects of discontinuous and non-extensive heat supply of solar energy are fundamentally solved in a heat storage and heat compensation mode.

Description

Solar energy household heating room

The technical field is as follows:

the solar heat supply room is a technology and an assembly which can condense, collect, store and supplement solar energy and directly apply heat energy to a terminal.

Secondly, background art:

the heat of the solar heating room is converted from solar light radiation, the conversion efficiency of the light radiation heat is understood as the highest efficiency, and the conversion efficiency is much higher than the conversion efficiency of converting light into photovoltaic electricity (about 19 percent), concentrating and collecting the heat by solar energy, performing photo-thermal electricity (about 40 percent), performing photo-thermal work (about 40 percent) and performing photo-thermal cold (less than 25 percent). : (refer to the first 3 months in 2017 of China Power Press, which is the book by solar energy light-gathering and heat-collecting technology). Direct utilization of solar heat is considered to be the most reasonable and efficient energy configuration.

At present, people in life directly utilize domestic water of solar energy (firstly, most of the domestic water is solar water heaters), a small amount of hot air devices are used for heating, and the obtained heat is below 100 ℃, so that the domestic water has the defects of small heat, low temperature and difficult supply. Secondly, in the widely used solar water heater, because the water is not only a heat absorption and conduction body, but also a terminal donation body, the freezing point of the water is 0 ℃, the water often overflows, freezes and damages in winter, the boiling point is 100 ℃, the temperature is between 0 ℃ and 100 ℃, the latent heat process is avoided, and only a small amount of apparent heat capacity is provided. The heating is carried out by hot air, and the specific heat capacity is also small. And thirdly, due to seasonal differences, day and night differences, regional differences and instant meteorological differences of the place, the solar radiation heat is not continuous and unstable. So that the solar water heater is lowered and eliminated year by year. The solar heating room overcomes the defects, establishes a set of continuous and stable heating system devices.

Thirdly, the invention content:

the scheme aims to establish a set of solar heat utilization process and assembly which are continuous, stable, safe, feasible, easy to establish, efficient and complete. Firstly, the heat absorption surface of the solar energy is enlarged to obtain the heat increasing quantity; secondly, using a tracking-free semicircular light gathering groove to directly pass through a vacuum tube heat collector to raise the temperature; thirdly, a heat storage agent with larger latent heat is used for storing large heat and high heat; fourthly, an electric heating compensator is additionally arranged, so that the problem of heat supply interruption is fundamentally solved; oil is used to replace water to absorb heat and conduct heat to obtain medium temperature over 160 deg.c, and the heat is transferred to different heating stoves and heat accumulating heat exchangers in different equipment. After heat exchange, water is supplied to kitchen hot water and toilet hot water, so that electric hot water, coal hot water and gas hot water are replaced in some places, and the water is further used for cooking. Because solar radiant heat is safe, environment-friendly, efficient and reasonable, compared with other energy sources, the solar radiant heat energy source has the advantages of low cost, easy manufacture, less investment and wide distribution. Will expand a new broad universe with tens of millions of distribution, bringing about thousands of families and earnings. The process route and assembly can be developed in large scale for commercialization, and can store a large amount of heat in an underground pool for summer and winter, such as the existing underground hot water well.

1. Design and manufacture of non-tracking semicircular light-gathering groove straight-through vacuum tube heat collector

(1) The property of the semicircular light-gathering groove (the sectional surface of the groove is shown in figure 1) is that according to a semicircular concave mirror (images of figures 1-1, 1-2, 1-3, 1-4 and 1-55 in figure 1), O is the center of a circle, OE is the radius, ABOCD respectively represents the incident line of the sun in parallel, the incident and reflection process of the whole day, the solid line of an arrow is light, the dotted line is a normal line, and the OE line is a solid line capable of absorbing substances.

FIG. 1-1 shows the reflection point A of the ray A when the sunlight is incident into the semicircular curved mirror for reflection at an inclination angle of 30 DEG₁Reflection point of B line B₁All fall on OE line, C line injection line C₁D line of ray injection D₁Both fall on the OE line. The incident ray to the right of the OE line always falls on the OE line, and the incident ray to the left of the OE line also falls on the OE line after reflection (all the time the ray through the O point is reflected back, so the ray is normal).

FIG. 1-2 shows the reflection line AA of the ray A when the sunlight is incident at 45 deg₁，A₁Point E of OE line coincides with point D of D line incident line₁The dots fall directly onto the E-dots of the OE-lines. Then, along with the increase of the incidence angle, the A line and the D line which are close to the two sides of the semicircle continuously increase the times of reflection and re-reflection.

In FIGS. 1-3, the ray A is reflected to the ray A when the sunlight is incident at 60 deg₁Then reflected to A₂Fall on the OE line, and D line is injected into D₁Point reflection to D₂Also falling on the OE line.

In FIGS. 1-4, when sunlight is incident at 75 deg., line A is reflected to line A₁Is then reflected to A₂Is then reflected to A₃Fall on the OE line: injection of D rays into D₁Is reflected to D₂Is then reflected to D₃Fall onto the OE line.

In fig. 1-5, when sunlight is directed at 90 °, both line a and line D exit or reflect tangentially at their points of incidence, and all rays between the points of incidence of line a and line D either reflect or re-reflect and fall on to the OE line.

The five figures show that on the AE surface the normal of the incoming line and the normal of the re-reflected line are always close to the OE line to the right of the transmitted line. Whereas the normal of the incident line and the normal of the re-reflected line on the DE surface are always to the left of the reflected line, also close to the OE line. This causes the ray reflection or re-reflection line falling on the semicircular surface to fall on the OE line, and be absorbed by the OE line in the form of a physical block. The light-focusing heat collector is manufactured according to the property of the semicircular light-focusing groove.

(2) An untracked semicircle light gathering groove straight-through vacuum tube heat collector (1 in figure 2) is designed and manufactured, the heat collector is connected by two flat glass covers (2 in figure 2 and 2 in figure 3) covering the light gathering groove, two disks with equal semicircular curved surfaces are arranged according to the properties of the semicircle light gathering groove to form a light gathering groove (1 in figure 2 and 1 in figure 3), wherein ABA ═ CBC ═ is 120 °, AB ═ AC ═ CB ═ AA ═ CC'. Comprising a centrally mounted vacuum glass tube (3 in fig. 2, 3 in fig. 3) which is a circumscribed circle of an equilateral triangle ABC. And a metal heat absorbing tube in the vacuum glass tube, which is an inscribed circle (4 in figure 2 and 4 in figure 3) of an equilateral triangle ABC. A metal heat absorbing plate (5 in figure 2 and 5 in figure 3) is arranged between the glass tube and the metal heat absorbing tube, wherein one side of the metal heat absorbing plate is connected with the metal tube, and the other side of the metal heat absorbing plate is close to but not connected with the glass tube. The heat collector has no convection heat transfer in the vacuum tube, and the heat energy is conducted to the metal heat absorbing tube only in a single way or a unidirectional way after absorbing radiant heat, so that the heat collector is regarded or understood as equivalent heat collection with light condensation. The light-gathering groove of the heat collector is arranged outside the heat-absorbing tube of the vacuum tube, the diameter of the internal light-gathering vacuum tube developed by America company is 102mm, the light-gathering ratio is 3-5, and the heat-collecting temperature is larger than 150 degrees. Compared with the prior art, the external light-gathering and heat-gathering device has the advantages of large external light-gathering and heat-gathering area, light-gathering and heat-gathering ratio of more than 5, high efficiency, no tracking, simplicity and easiness in manufacturing. The light-gathering heat temperature is ensured to be higher than 160 ℃, and the heat collector without the tracking semicircular light-gathering groove is a breakthrough device and a necessary device for storing large heat and high-temperature heat in a heat supply room.

2. Design and manufacture of circulating heat storage pool

The heat storage pool is compactly arranged on the back of the heat collector (1 in figure 8) and is like a sloping water room, and the heat collector is horizontally connected with the heat collector end to end by using one-way check valves (1 in figure 5 and 2 in figure 8). The check valve core is made of a conical shell-shaped light metal sheet, is vertically suspended above the valve port (2 in figure 5), has small movement resistance and high sensitivity, can move slightly due to pressure difference, and enables the temperature difference to quickly cause the pressure difference to enable heat conduction oil to circulate orderly. The heat storage pool is divided into a high-level heat storage pool (8 in figure 8) and a low-level heat storage pool (3 in figure 8), and the high-level heat storage pool stores heat by means of heat conduction oil sensible heat, and is small in size and high in position. The low-level heat storage tank mainly depends on the calcium heat storage agent for heat storage, and has large volume and low position. Two ponds link to each other with one-way check valve level (7 in figure 8), low level heat accumulation pond divides three layer construction, separate with heat insulating board (4 in figure 8), constitute three different temperature layers, fill up the conduction oil in the pond (6 in figure 8), the conduction oil export (9 in figure 8) is equipped with to high level pond below, the import is located low level heat accumulation pond lower floor (10 in figure 8), be equipped with toper calcium heat accumulator (1 in figure 4, 5 in figure 8) in the low level heat accumulation pond, be a medium temperature heat accumulator, distribute in the three layering of low level heat accumulation pond, make the conduction oil along thermal-insulated baffling board and water conservancy diversion mouth, from high to low, order and heat accumulator heat transfer heat accumulation. Forming a temperature difference between the stratified regions. There is no heat accumulator in the high-order heat accumulation pond, and this makes the internal specific heat capacity of pond less, and relative temperature can rise, further forms and low level heat accumulation pond difference in temperature. The stepped layers with various temperature differences form a heat absorption heat conduction oil specific gravity difference stepped layer so as to form a pressure difference step; then, the pressure of the heat-conducting oil column absorbing heat facing sunlight is lower than that of the heat-conducting oil column on the back, and a natural circulating flow rotating from the sun to the cathode and from the top to the bottom rightwards is formed under the limitation and guidance of the one-way check valve between the upper and lower one-way check valves and the high-level pool low-level heat storage pool. When heat is transferred to a heating stove or heated by a heat storage heat exchanger, the heat is pumped by a pump, flows out from the lower opening of the high-level heat storage pool and is injected from the lower opening of the low-level heat storage pool, and the heat is also a large circulation rotating to the right. The circulation is used for better heat absorption and collection and heat storage of the system. The surface of the thermal storage body is corrugated (2 in fig. 4), and the heat exchange area is enlarged as much as possible. The conical calcium heat accumulator is internally provided with a heat accumulator calcium sulfate dihydrate (i.e. gypsum) (3 in figure 4), is a rich mineral product, is cheap and easy to obtain, has two melting points and large latent heat, and is most suitable for wide-range domestic heat temperature heat accumulation. In order to fundamentally overcome the discontinuous defect of solar heat supply and ensure the normal and continuous heat supply of the heat absorption and storage tank, the heat storage agent further plays a role on the basis of absorbing and storing solar heat energy. In the circulating heat absorption and storage low-level heat storage pool, a U-shaped electric heating compensator (1 in figure 6 and 11 in figure 8) is particularly installed and configured and is fixed on a fixed column (2 in figure 6), the outmost layer of the U-shaped electric heating compensator is a stainless steel sleeve (1 in figure 7), the secondary layer of the U-shaped electric heating compensator is an insulating ceramic tube (2 in figure 7), the third layer of the U-shaped electric heating compensator is a single series ceramic ring (3 in figure 7), and the ceramic ring enables a heating resistor (4 in figure 7) at the central part to be always located at the axial center of the ceramic tube, so that normal and safe operation is guaranteed. The electric heating compensator is used to overcome the natural defect of solar energy as heat source and unable to supply heat continuously and stably. The heat source is compensated by electric heating, so that the fatal weakness of solar heat supply is overcome, and the balance surplus electric quantity in the valley period is converted into heat energy for storage by utilizing heat absorption and heat storage in a power supply system, so that the short of solar energy and the long of forging electric energy are supplemented. The method is a good method for storing electric energy into heat energy and a new way. The solar household heat supply room becomes a mixed heat storage source, and can continuously supply heat for twenty-four hours all day.

The design of the circulating heat absorption and storage pool aims to replace the defects that water is not suitable for absorbing heat and conducting heat in an outdoor heat collector with oil. Secondly, heat absorption and heat storage and heat supply are synchronously carried out in the same body, so that solar energy and heat storage can be absorbed to the maximum extent, the absorption can be performed to the maximum extent, the storage can be performed to the maximum extent, the defects that heat is not continuously used, unstable and not sufficient when no sunlight exists and sunlight is poor are overcome, and the unbalance problem that solar energy is insufficient in summer and winter is solved. And thirdly, the circulation system is designed to better absorb heat and store heat. Since the solar radiation and the diathermic oil radiation cannot reach equilibrium no matter day or night. Electric heating compensator, which overcomes and perfects the discontinuity defect and deficiency of solar energy as heat source. And a new way is opened for energy allocation and electric energy saving and utilization.

Calculation of latent heat of Heat storage agent

Calcium sulfate dihydrate (CaSO)₄·2H₂O) Gypsum has a formula weight of 172.17, a density of 2.32, a melting point of 128 DEG loss

Then changed into calcium sulfate hemihydrate

Calcined Gypsum, formula weight 145.15, melting Point 163 ° loss

Conversion to anhydrous calcium sulfate (Caso)₄) Formula 145.15 (source "handbook of chemistry for teacher in middle school" page 124, 1980 edition of science and technology popularization publisher).

According to handbook of chemical engineering design (manual) (published by Shanghai institute of medical and pharmaceutical administration of State pharmaceutical and drug administration), heat of fusion of solid

In the formula: AHm-Heat of fusion (Kcal/kg) Tm-molecular weight, M-melting Point of the inorganic substance K₁5-7, where K₁Taking 6 out:

1. heat of fusion of calcium sulfate dihydrate

2. Calcium sulfate hemihydrate, heat of fusion

Two-stage melting heat: 13.99+18.06 ═ 32.05KCal/kg

3. According to the water density of 1.0 and the specific heat capacity of 1Cal/cm³

4. Calcium sulfate dihydrate density 2.32 specific heat capacity (containing latent heat of fusion): 32.05X 2.32 ═ 74.356Cal/cm³

This figure indicates that the latent heat of fusion of calcium sulfate dihydrate at 128-168 ℃ is 74.356 times that of the sensible heat of water. If used in the heat storage pool

Compared with a heat storage tank with the same volume as the solar hot water tank, one heat storage tank is equivalent to a heat storage tank

The stored heat of about 50 solar hot water tanks. More importantly, the heat energy is medium-temperature heat energy with the temperature of more than 100 ℃. The solar energy is continuously stable and balanced, and necessary and key conditions are created for meeting heat supply.

3. Design and manufacture of heating stove

The oil-immersed heating range uses medium-temp. (100-200 deg.C) heat-conducting oil as heat source for cooking or frying. Due to the special liquidity of the heat source, the heating stove is designed to be composed of a transparent glass semicircular fixed cooking bench (1 in figure 9) and a similar semicircular stainless steel pot (2 in figure 9) which has a certain distance with the semicircular cooking bench. For safety, the transparent cooking bench and the stainless steel pot are sealed. The main process of heat transfer of the liquid heat transfer oil to the pan is heat conduction (convection and radiation are weak), and in order to increase the conduction area, a plurality of metal blades (3 in fig. 9) are welded on the outer wall of the pan. Like a common pot, the pot mouth is provided with a pot cover (4 in figure 9). Heat conducting oil (5 in figure 9) is filled between the glass stove and the stainless steel pot, the pot is immersed in the heat conducting oil, when the pot is heated, in order to control the heat (also the fire condition of the common stove), an oil inlet valve port (6 in figure 9), a bottom oil outlet valve port (7 in figure 9), a middle oil outlet valve port (8 in figure 9), a high oil outlet valve port (9 in figure 9) and the standing time of the heat conducting oil are used for operation control. Compared with the modern cooking stove, the biggest defect is that the pot can not be separated from the stove, and the operation is similar to the old cooking stove in rural areas before the 70 s.

4. Design and manufacture of heat storage heat exchanger

The heat storage heat exchanger is a square box body (1 in figure 12), is a multifunctional combined device for exchanging heat, storing heat and heating water by an electric ceramic tube heater and heat conduction oil and a heat storage agent, and mainly has the function of generating hot water and supplying needed domestic water. The heat exchange of three different physical substances is performed in the tank. The heat-conducting oil from the heat-absorbing heat-accumulating pool enters from the inlet (2 in figure 12) of the exchanger and flows out from the outlet pipe (3 in figure 12), and when the heat-conducting oil flows or stagnates in the box body, the heat-accumulating agent and the immersed hot water discharge pipe (1 in figure 10 and figure 10) are heated at the same time at the temperature of more than 100 DEG C13, 4 in figure 12) for fixing the hot water discharge pipe, fixed on the box body by a fixed column (2 in figure 10), a barium conical heat accumulator (1 in figure 11, 7 in figure 13) is also arranged in the box body, a shell of the heat accumulator is corrugated (2 in figure 11) for increasing the heat conduction surface of the heat accumulator, and a heat accumulator is filled with barium octahydrate (Ba (OH) 8H) as a heat accumulator₂O3 in fig. 11). Physical properties of the heat accumulator barium hydroxide octahydrate: melting point 78 deg.C, latent heat 301KCa |/kg |, which has a particularly large latent heat value, and is most suitable for storing heat at domestic hot water temperature. When the solar energy is not good in heat supply, the temperature is reduced to the melting point, and the heat storage agent can release a large amount of heat energy. The heat conducting oil is used for conducting heat into the room through the outdoor heat storage pool to heat the heat storage agent and water, or a large amount of heat in the box is used for absorbing heat to heat water. The defect that a water system absorbs heat outdoors is overcome. Water enters from the hot water drain pipe inlet (5 in figure 12) and flows out from the hot water drain pipe outlet (6 in figure 12).

Since both the heat storage heat exchanger and the heat absorption and storage tank are affected by the solar heat supply interruption, an electroceramic tube heating compensator (1 in fig. 6, 9 in fig. 12, 9 in fig. 13) identical to the storage tank is also installed therein. Fundamentally breaks through and solves the fatal defect of solar energy heat supply. The barium heat storage agent in the heat storage heat exchanger has larger heat storage capacity, and provides reliable guarantee for continuously supplying hot water for 24 hours all day long. And simultaneously, a new way for saving and utilizing electric energy is developed.

Calculation of the heat storage of barium hydroxide octahydrate by melting.

Latent heat capacity at this melting point:

specific heat capacity of water: 1Cal/cm³75.25×2.07＝155.7675Cal/cm³

The heat storage of barium hydroxide is 156 times of that of water if the solar hot water tank is used

Is used for loading a barium heat-storage agent,

this means that a barium heat storage exchanger can store 104 times the heat of the hot water tank at 78 deg.c. This figure is quite considerable. The three-component integrated, simultaneous and synchronous heat storage heat exchanger provides a new way and a new process for the balance, stable and continuous heat supply of solar energy.

5. Tool operation and efficacy evaluation of solar heat supply room

(1) Operation of the process equipment

The solar heat supply room flows out from the high-level heat storage pool (2 in figure 14) by heat conduction oil with the temperature of more than 160 ℃, and respectively enters the heating stove (4 in figure 14) and the heat storage heat exchanger (5 in figure 14) through the heat conduction oil pipe (U in figure 14). After the heat is released during the work, the heat is returned to the third-stage low-temperature layer (3 in the figure 14) of the low-level heat storage pool from the heating stove and the heat storage heat exchanger through the power oil pump (6 in the figure 14). When the circulation of the circulating heat absorption and storage tank is poor, the automatic temperature control pump and the short-circuit pipeline (UD in figure 14) can be started for forced circulation. Hot water in the heat storage heat exchanger flows from an upper opening of a hot water discharge pipe through a water pipe (H in figure 14) and enters a kitchen, a toilet, a prepared hot water opening and a warmer. The return water from the heater enters the upper opening of the hot water discharge pipe, and the upper opening is provided with a water replenishing pipe for replenishing consumption (in figure 14, the fifth step). When the temperature of the lower tank of the circulating heat absorption tank is lower than 163 ℃ and the temperature of the heat storage heat exchanger is lower than 78 ℃, the electric heating compensator (11 in figure 8 and 9 in figure 12) can be started to compensate heat storage for a driver.

(2) Efficacy assessment

It is now understood that selectively treated solar radiation absorbing materials are in use, with conversion efficiencies of over 80% for thermal energy and about 20% for electrical energy (i.e., photovoltaic). The light collecting area of the two is the same, the heat energy obtained by light radiation is about 4 times of the electric energy, and the highest efficiency and the highest benefit of the heat energy obtained by light radiation are the maximum. In the aspect of utilizing solar radiation heat energy, the radiation heat energy is directly utilized, and the heat-heat process (namely, the heat energy can be only transferred from high temperature to low temperature) can be understood that the efficiency is 100 percent; the heat collection and power generation is about 40%, the heat collection and work (mechanical energy) is about 40%, and the heat collection and refrigeration is less than 25%. In contrast, the efficiency of direct utilization of light radiation heat energy is optimal. The solar energy is used as a heat source and is arranged in a solar household heating room, so that the solar energy is optimized to select and utilize.

The solar household heating house can collect heat everywhere because the households are distributed widely. And the heat collection ratio is more than 5, and the high-temperature heat energy is collected and the oil replaces water to absorb heat and conduct heat. The circulating heat absorption and storage tank and the heat storage heat exchanger store large heat in a two-stage heat storage mode. According to the calculation: the latent heat of fusion of the calcium sulfate dihydrate is 74 times of the same volume of water: the latent heat of fusion of barium hydroxide octahydrate is 156 times of that of water, so that in the circulating heat-accumulating pool and heat-accumulating heat exchanger respectively the calcium heat-accumulating agent and barium heat-accumulating agent of hot water tank with same volume are filled, and the heat-accumulating energy stored by two heat-accumulating devices is 230 times of heat quantity (74+156) of hot water tank with same volume. If the hot water in the existing hot water tank is used by a user for one day, the heat storage device after being used can be used by the user for 230 days, which is more than half a year. The heat storage method can make solar heat energy store in summer and in winter. In order to overcome the fatal defects of discontinuous, unbalanced and unsatisfied solar energy, and to improve the reliability and guarantee heat supply, an electric heating compensator is particularly added to form a solar household heat supply room with two-stage heat storage and two heat sources for supplying heat, thereby becoming a life heat supply apparatus naturally endowed by people.

Fourthly, explanation of the attached drawings:

fig. 1-1 in fig. 1 is an image of a semicircular light-collecting groove section when sunlight is incident at 30 °.

Fig. 1-2 in fig. 1 are images of a semicircular light-collecting groove section when sunlight is incident at 45 degrees.

Fig. 1-3 in fig. 1 are images of a semicircular light-collecting groove section when sunlight is incident at 60 °.

Fig. 1-4 in fig. 1 are images of a semi-circular light-gathering groove section when sunlight is incident at 75 °.

Fig. 1-5 in fig. 1 are images of a semicircular light-gathering groove section when sunlight is incident at 90 degrees.

Fig. 2, 1 and 3 show reflecting semicircular grooves of solar heat collectors

2 in FIG. 2 and 2 in FIG. 3 are glass covers

FIG. 2, 3 and 3 show vacuum glass tubes

4 in figure 2 and 4 in figure 3 are metal heat absorption pipes

5 in figure 2 and 5 in figure 3 are metal heat absorbing plates

FIG. 3a is a diagram of an embodiment

FIG. 4 shows 1 a calcium conical heat storage body shell

FIG. 4 shows the corrugation 2 of the housing

In FIG. 4, 3 is a heat-accumulating agent, calcium sulfate dihydrate (CaSO 4.2H 2O gypsum)

Fig. 5 1 is a horn-shaped valve body of a one-way diverter valve

FIG. 5 shows a conical valve blade 2

FIG. 6 shows an electric heating compensator 1

FIG. 6 shows the fixing post of the compensator 2

FIG. 7 shows 1 a stainless steel sleeve for an electric heating compensator

FIG. 7 is 2 a view showing an insulating porcelain tube

In figure 7, 3 is a series ceramic ring

FIG. 7 is a view showing a heating resistor 4

In figure 8, 1 is a solar heat collector with a circulating heat absorption pool

In fig. 8, 2 is a one-way diverter valve

In FIG. 8, 3 is a low-level heat storage tank

FIG. 8, 4 is a heat storage tank partition

FIG. 8, 5 is a calcium conical regenerator

6 in figure 8 is heat conducting oil in the heat storage pool

In FIG. 8, 7 is a communicating valve between the high-level heat storage tank and the low-level heat storage tank

8 in FIG. 8 is a high-level heat storage tank

In figure 8, 9 is a hot oil outlet of the heat storage tank

In FIG. 8, 10 is a cold oil inlet of the heat storage tank

11 in FIG. 8 is an electric heating compensator

In figure 9, 1 is a semicircular transparent glass cooking bench of a heating stove

2 in figure 9 is a semicircular stainless steel pot

In FIG. 9, 3 is a metal blade

In figure 9, 4 is a pot cover

In FIG. 9, 5 is heat transfer oil

In FIG. 9, 6 is an oil inlet valve port

In FIG. 9, 7 is a bottom oil outlet valve port

In fig. 9, 8 is a middle oil outlet valve port

9 in figure 9 is a high level oil outlet valve port

Fig. 10 1 immersion type water heating calandria

Fig. 102 shows a fixing column for the calandria

FIG. 10 shows a heating water inlet 3

In FIG. 10, 4 is a heated water outlet

FIG. 11 shows a barium conical regenerator 1

FIG. 11 shows a cone corrugation 2

In FIG. 11, 3 is a heat storage agent barium hydroxide octahydrate (Ba (OH). 8H2O)

FIG. 12 shows a heat storage heat exchanger 1

In figure 12, 2 is a heat conduction oil inlet of the heat storage heat exchanger

In figure 12, 3 is a heat conduction oil outlet of the heat storage heat exchanger

FIG. 12, 4 shows an immersion type water heating calandria

In figure 12, 5 is a cold water inlet of a water heating calandria

In fig. 12, 6 is a hot water outlet of a water heating calandria

FIG. 13 shows a heat storage heat exchanger 1

FIG. 13 shows 4 an immersion type water heating calandria

FIG. 13 shows a barium regenerator 7

In FIG. 13, 8 is heat transfer oil

FIG. 14 shows a semi-circular concentrator vacuum tube heat collector 1

In figure 14, 2 is a circulating heat absorption and storage pool

In figure 14, 3 is a heat conducting oil heating stove

FIG. 14, 4, shows a heat storage heat exchanger

Running the pump at 5 in FIG. 14

U in FIG. 14 is oil pipe

In FIG. 14, H is a water pipe

U in FIG. 14_DIs a short-circuit circulating pipeline of heat-conducting oil

In fig. 14, firstly, the kitchen, the toilet and the prepared hot water port are removed, and secondly, the heater, the water replenishing pipe and the water replenishing pipe are arranged

Fifth, embodiment of the invention

1. And (3) manufacturing a straight-through vacuum tube heat collector without a tracking semicircular groove.

According to the following practical production scheme

(1) Making an equilateral triangle delta ABC with a real size and 4 cm as a side (figure 3a)

(2) An equilateral triangle ABC circumscribed circle with OC as the radius is made, and OC is the radius of the vacuum glass tube.

(3) Making an equilateral triangle ABC inscribed circle with OD as the radius, wherein OD is the radius of the metal heat absorbing pipe of the straight-through vacuum glass pipe.

(4) And a metal heat absorbing plate with FC as the length is manufactured, one side of the heat absorbing plate is fixedly connected with the metal heat absorbing pipe, and the other side of the heat absorbing plate is close to but not in contact with the metal heat absorbing pipe at the minimum distance.

(5) FA, FB and FC are arranged near one side of the glass tube to make the gap between FC and the vacuum glass tube leak light, and are made into Y shape.

(6) Two identical semicircular arc-shaped disks with the circle center A, the radius AB, the radius C and the radius CB are manufactured, and A 'B, C' B and A 'BC' are non-tracking semicircular grooves (reflecting grooves).

(7) One side of the plate glass cover AA 'CC' is fixed with the vacuum glass tube, and the other side is fixed with the semicircular groove; the two grooves are fixed with the vacuum glass tube at the point B, and a tracking-free semicircular light-gathering groove straight-through vacuum tube heat collector is firmly formed.

(8) The actual geometric size and physical properties of the heat collector

A 'C' is 12 cm and is regarded as the radiation and gathers the optical heat-collecting surface

OD x 2 ≈ 1.1 x 2 ═ 2.2 cm is regarded as the heat absorption surface of the metal heat absorption tube

OF + FC ≈ 4.4 cm is taken as the radius OF the vacuum glass tube

The radiation light-gathering heat-collecting surface is compared with the heat-absorbing surface of the metal tube, and is regarded as the light-gathering heat-collecting ratio: 12: 2.2 ═ 5.4

(9) If the vacuum glass tube is matched with a 100mm vacuum glass tube in China according to the proportion, the radiating and heat collecting diameter of the semicircular groove is 272mm, and the heat absorbing diameter of the metal heat absorbing tube is about 50 mm. The concentration ratio 272: 50 of the heat collector is approximately equal to 5.4 and is more than 5.

(10) Compared with the heat collection of a light gathering vacuum tube with the diameter of 110mm in the United states, the heat collection efficiency of one vacuum tube is 272: 110 ≈ 2.5 times.

(11) The internal light condensation ratio of the American is 3-5, and the temperature is more than 150 degrees. In the scheme, the light and heat gathering ratio is more than 5, the heat gathering temperature is low, and the requirement that the design index is more than 160 ℃ can be met.

In the manufacturing process, the method of making an equilateral triangle is simple, convenient, high in efficiency and easy to manufacture. On the basis, in order to start quickly, the heat pipe can reduce the diameter of a heat absorption pipe as much as possible under the condition of not influencing the fluidity, so that the heat capacity is reduced, the starting is easy, and the temperature is increased. Secondly, because the heating working medium in the pipe is heat conducting oil, the pipe has good freezing resistance and cannot cause the heat pipe to be frozen and cracked. No need of special antifreezing property processing. The upper end of the heat pipe is provided with a one-way check valve only capable of leading out hot oil, and the lower end of the heat pipe is provided with a one-way check valve only capable of leading in cold oil, so that the heat pipe can only conduct flow in one direction, and the heat pipe has the function of one-way vector heat conduction. The heat absorbing plate in the vacuum is made of metal with good heat absorbing and heat conducting performance, no convection exists in the vacuum tube, and the metal plate is used for heat collection in one-way heat conduction mode only after absorbing radiant heat, and the heat collection effect is the same as the heat collection effect, namely the light condensation and heat collection ratio in the scheme.

2. Manufacturing, connecting and installing of circulating heat absorption and storage pool

On the back of the heat collector, a high-level heat storage pool (8 in figure 8) and a low-level heat storage pool (3 in figure 8) are assembled in a compact and close manner, a conical calcium heat accumulator (1 in figure 4 and 5 in figure 8) is arranged in the low-level heat storage pool, both the heat storage pools are filled with heat conduction oil (6 in figure 8), two one-way check valves are used for horizontally connecting the upper ends of the high-level pool and the heat collection pipe respectively, and the lower ends of the low-level heat storage pool and the heat collection pipe (2 in figure 8), the low-level heat storage pool and the high-level heat storage pool are also horizontally connected by the one-way check valves (7 in figure 8), and the three check valves flow rightwards in the same direction to form a circulating flow. Two baffle plates are used for dividing the low-level heat storage tank into three layers (4 in figure 8), and the left side and the right side of each baffle plate are respectively provided with a flow guide opening. In the low-level heat storage pool of the circulating heat storage pool, a U-shaped electric heating compensator (1 in figure 6 and 11 in figure 8) is particularly arranged, the outer layer of the U-shaped electric heating compensator is a U-shaped tube immersed radiator, the U-shaped tube is immersed in heat conducting oil, and oil is inflammable and easy to permeate. The U-shaped pipe is a stainless steel pipe (1 in figure 7) which is stainless, non-corrosive, good in sealing performance and good in heat conductivity, and the layer is an insulating porcelain pipe (2 in figure 7) and tightly clings to the inner wall of the stainless steel pipe so as to avoid influencing the heat conduction effect; the third layer is a single insulating ceramic ring (3 in figure 7), and the ceramic ring enables a heating resistor (4 in figure 7) at the central part to be always positioned at the axial central position of the ceramic tube, so that normal and safe operation is ensured. The electric heating compensator fundamentally and thoroughly solves the defects of discontinuous, unstable and unsatisfied solar heat supply. Meanwhile, the circulating heat absorption pool can be regarded as a large heat reservoir, balance surplus electric quantity in the power supply system during the power consumption valley can be converted into heat energy for storage, and the circulating heat absorption pool and the heat storage pool are isodynamic, so that the circulating heat absorption pool is a good method and a new way for storing electric energy into heat energy. This can not only make up for the short of solar energy, but also make the solar heating room a guaranteed hybrid heat storage and heating room.

The lower part of the high-level pool is provided with a heat conduction oil outlet (9 in figure 8), and the lower part of the low-level heat storage pool is provided with an injection port (10 in figure 8), so that the heat conduction oil can only output heat energy circularly during working, and the quality is not changed. The circulating heat absorption and storage pool is compactly and closely assembled below the heat collector, the flat distance between the heat collector and the heat storage pool is shortened as much as possible, the space can be saved, the volume is reduced, the pipeline is shortened, and the heat preservation and the resistance of an upper one-way check valve and a lower one-way check valve which are horizontally installed are facilitated. The check valve must be installed to be horizontal and vertical to the valve core blade.

The high-level heat storage tank stores heat by means of sensible heat of the heat conduction oil. The low-level heat storage tank absorbs heat and stores heat by utilizing the melting of calcium sulfate dihydrate, the volume of the low-level heat storage tank changes, and a space is reserved and controlled within 98 percent when the low-level heat storage tank is arranged in the conical body. Because of the less corrosiveness, the shell material needs better stainless steel. Secondly, the shell is tightly sealed so as to prevent the conduction oil from being influenced by seepage.

The U-shaped electric heating pipe is required to be matched with a compensator with proper thermal power, is arranged in the low-level heat storage pool, and absorbs heat and stores heat of a large amount of molten calcium sulfate dihydrate through heat conduction oil during heating. The heat conducting oil is an inflammable product, and the U-shaped pipe of the electric heater is required to be well insulated and sealed, and the U-shaped outer pipe is sealed without oil leakage and corrosion. The secondary layer of ceramic tube and the secondary layer of ceramic ring ensure insulation. The connection and structure of different positions, shapes, physical properties and environments form a heat absorption and storage pool which faces to the metal heat absorption pipe in the solar heat collectorThe heat conducting oil in the tube obtains light radiation heat energy, and the temperature of the heat conducting oil in the tube is higher than that of the heat conducting oil without light radiation on the back surface of the heat conducting oil, and the specific gravity is small. Secondly, the oil temperature at the upper end in the heat absorption pipe is higher than that at the lower end, and the specific gravity is small. And the oil in the upper end of the heat receiving oil pipe in the high-level pool is higher than that in the lower-level heat storage pool at the same moment and has low specific gravity. And fourthly, the three layers in the low-level heat storage pool are all filled with the cone calcium heat storage agent, the heat of the oil is subjected to convection and conduction heat transfer from top to bottom, and the oil is subjected to heat exchange and heat storage with the heat storage agent in the three layers when passing through, and the process is a complex dynamic balance process. The speed and time are needed, and at the same moment, the oil temperature of the upper layer is higher than that of the lower layer, the specific gravity is small, and the time is advanced. The specific heat of the heat-conducting oil in the high-level pool is larger than that of the heat-conducting oil in the low-level pool, the oil temperature is high, and the specific gravity is small. The temperature difference of the heat conducting oil on the positive surface and the negative surface, the temperature difference of the upper end and the lower end of the heat absorbing pipe of the heat collector, and the temperature difference of the high-temperature pool and the low-level pool caused by time difference; the temperature difference caused by layered heat storage and heat exchange of the low-level heat storage pool; the temperature difference caused by the difference of specific heat of the low-level tank and the high-level tank is a specific gravity step caused by the temperature difference step, and the induced pressure difference is guided by the one-way check valve to form a natural circulating flow which flows rightwards from the positive side to the negative side and from the high side to the low side. In addition, when the heating stove and the heat storage heat exchanger work, heat conducting oil is circularly transferred by a power pump and limited by a one-way check valve, the heat conducting oil is discharged from the high-level pool, enters the low-level pool and enters the high-level pool again through a heat absorbing pipe of the heat collector, and forced circulation is realized. If the natural circulation and the working circulation are not good, the temperature control short circuit and the automatic circulation of the pump can be started (U in figure 14)_D) And the circulation is to repeatedly absorb heat by the heat conduction oil and increase the temperature of the heat storage pool.

The heat capacity of the heat storage agent of the circulating heat absorption and storage pool is 75 times of the same volume of water, theoretically, two thirds of the heat storage agent is filled in the same volume, one third of the heat storage agent is heat conduction oil, the heat quantity of the heat storage agent is 50 times of that of the water, and the heat quantity of the heat storage agent can be prolonged by 50 days after one day of use. That is to say, the sun illumination is not good in 50 days, and solar heat energy can be used. If the heat absorption and heat storage pool is large, the premise is that the corresponding solar heat collection total amount is required. Under the condition of artificial insurmountable, intermittent and uncertain solar heat supply. In order to further ensure the heat supply to be continuous and reliable, the electric heating compensator is specially assembled, so that the defect of solar heat supply is fundamentally solved and eliminated.

3. Production of oil-immersed heating stove

The oil-immersed heating stove obtains a large amount of heat-conducting oil of solar radiation heat as a heat source. Because the liquid can only carry out heat-heat phase transmission by using a heat conducting surface and heat conducting intensity for circulating flow, the heat can only flow from high temperature to low temperature (without any condition), and the heat source is different from a heat source of burning coal, gas, electric heat and light radiation. It comprises a transparent glass semicircular fixed cooking bench (1 in figure 9) and a similar semicircular stainless steel pan (2 in figure 9) with a certain distance from the semicircular cooking bench. The two parts need to be strictly sealed, and the filled heat conduction oil (5 in figure 9) is a heat source of the heating stove. The semicircular stainless steel pot is immersed in the heat-conducting oil, the temperature of the oil is an important index of the heating power, and only the temperature of the heat-conducting oil in the heat absorption and storage pool can be referred. The other controllable index is the height of the pot immersed in the heat conduction oil, namely the heat conduction area of the pot body, and a plurality of disordered metal blades (3 in figure 9) are welded on the outer wall of the pot to increase the heat conduction area, and the pot mouth is provided with a pot cover (4 in figure 9) as a common pot. When the pan is heated, in order to control the heat (similar to the fire condition of the prior pan), the pan is immersed in the heat-conducting oil, the oil quantity and the oil level are controlled, and the heating degree and the heating state are operated and controlled. The operation and control are carried out by using an oil inlet valve port (6 in figure 9), a lowest oil outlet valve port (7 in figure 9), a middle oil outlet valve port (8 in figure 9), the oil inlet and outlet quantity or the oil outlet quantity and the oil outlet position of a high-position oil outlet valve port (9 in figure 9) and the retention time of heat conduction oil. Compared with other heat source stoves, the heat source stove has the disadvantages of slow fire, low heat power, no separation of the pot from the stove and complex operation. The stove is suitable for cooking by taking water as a heating object, such as boiling water, soup, rice or cooking after water is vaporized. The shape and structure connection modes of the workpieces are combined to form heat conduction oil, so that the area is increased by about three times, the effect of the heating pot is improved, and the defects of coal burning, gas burning, electromagnetic heating pot and power difference are overcome and reduced.

4. Composition and manufacture of heat storage heat exchanger

The heat-accumulating heat exchanger features that heat-conducting oil and electric heating compensator are used as mixed heat source and is used as system for heating water after heat accumulation. The device comprises a six-sided box body (1 in figure 12) and an immersed hot water discharge pipe (1 in figure 10 and 4 in figure 13) assembled in the six-sided box body, wherein the upper end of the hot water discharge pipe is provided with a water inlet pipe orifice (3 in figure 10), the lower end of the hot water discharge pipe is provided with a water outlet pipe orifice (4 in figure 10), and the discharge pipe is fixed in the box body by a fixing column (2 in figure 10) for fixing the hot water discharge pipe. The upper end of the hot water calandria assembly (4 in figure 12) is provided with a water inlet (5 in figure 12) and the lower end is provided with a water outlet (6 in figure 12). In the symmetrical plane of the immersed hot water calandria, the same electric heating compensator (1 in figure 6, 9 in figure 12 and 9 in figure 13) in the heat absorption and heat storage tank is assembled and circulated, because the heat storage agent is a low-temperature heat storage agent (barium hydroxide octahydrate melting point 78 ℃), the electric heater selects lower power, the box body is filled with a conical barium heat storage body (1 in figure 11 and 7 in figure 13), the heat storage body shell is made into a corrugated shape (2 in figure 11), and the surface area of the shell is multiplied: the shell is filled with a heat storage agent (3 in fig. 11), and the heat storage agent is barium hydroxide octahydrate (BaCO3 & 8H 2O). Stagnant or runoff heat conduction oil is filled in the gap in the box body. A heat conduction oil inlet (2 in fig. 12) is arranged above one surface of the box body, and a heat conduction oil outlet (3 in fig. 12) is arranged below the corresponding surface.

The heat storage heat exchanger is a multifunctional combined device which is formed by separating three components of heat conduction oil, water and barium hydroxide octahydrate into a same system and synchronously carrying out heat exchange and heat storage by using solar heat energy or electric heat energy, mainly heats to generate water, and changes the process assembly that a solar water heater absorbs the water as a heat carrier for solar radiation outdoors and is a terminal user. Overcomes the defects that water absorbs high-temperature heat outdoors due to high water freezing point and low vaporization point and is not suitable for collecting light and heat, and overcomes the defects of low heat carrying capacity of sensible heat of water. The heat conducting oil is changed into a hot intermediate heat carrying medium, so that the heat conducting oil is suitable for poor outdoor environment and can absorb high-temperature radiant heat, and the heat carrying capacity is larger than that of a water tank. The conical barium heat storage agent and the barium hydroxide octahydrate in the box body have the advantages of large latent heat and suitability for water use temperature heat storage, the heat storage agent is 156 times of the same volume heat capacity of water, and the heat exchange and heat storage device is formed by the conical barium heat storage agent and the barium hydroxide octahydrate together with a heat conduction oil and immersion type hot water calandria electric heating compensator into excellent equipment which is small in heat storage, heat exchange and heat absorption heat supply volume, large in function, simple and easy to manufacture. The heated hot water is expanded to reach the kitchen (shown in figure 14), the toilet (shown in figure 14), the pre-used hot water port (shown in figure 14) and the heating (shown in figure 14).

A solar household heat supply room is characterized in that a solar heat collecting ratio of more than 5 is newly created, a semicircular light collecting groove-free straight-through vacuum tube heat collector is used for collecting a large amount of high-temperature heat energy and electric heating energy which can be compensated, and the high-temperature heat energy is distributed and transmitted to a heat storage pool which takes heat conducting oil as a medium and can circularly absorb heat energy to store the large heat energy and the high-temperature heat energy. Compared with a solar water heater, the solar radiation hot-dipping oil type heating stove creates a heat exchange and storage device equivalent to 156 times of sensible heat of water and a water heater for electric heating compensation, forms a two-stage heat storage water tank equivalent to 230 times of sensible heat of water and electric heating compensatable process equipment, develops a wide solar heat utilization route, enables solar energy to be used in summer and winter, and overcomes the defects of solar energy interruption, unsatisfied and unbalance of a user in the past. The solar light radiation heat energy is widely popularized and deepened to all places according to local conditions, so that the whole world benefits thousands of households and benefits thousands of billions of benefits.

Claims

1. The solar household heating room is mainly characterized in that: the straight-through vacuum tube heat collector comprises a high-concentration heat-collection-ratio non-tracking semicircular light-collection groove straight-through vacuum tube heat collector; comprises a circulating heat absorption tank which is connected end to end by two one-way check valves and a heat collector, wherein a conical calcium sulfate dihydrate heat accumulator which can store heat is filled in a low-level tank of the circulating heat absorption tank, and an electric heating compensator is additionally arranged; heat energy is respectively transmitted to a newly-created oil immersion type heating stove by using heat conduction oil with the temperature of more than 160 ℃ for cooking and heating water in a heat storage heat exchanger, an eight-water barium hydroxide conical heat accumulator and an immersion type calandria water heater are arranged in the heat exchanger, and an electric heating compensator is also arranged in the heat exchanger; two heat sources, namely a two-stage heat storage heat supply room, are formed.

2. The trackless semicircular groove straight-through vacuum tube heat collector in the 1 is characterized in that a reflecting groove is formed by assembling two fixed equal semicircular grooves, and three heat absorbing plates with a distance of 120 degrees are arranged in the straight-through vacuum tube heat collector in the groove.

3. The circulating heat absorption and storage tank comprises a high-level heat storage tank and a low-level heat storage tank according to the method 1, and is characterized in that two ends of the tank are closely attached to the back surface of a heat collector by using two check valves in an end-to-end manner, a calcium sulfate dihydrate heat accumulator is arranged in the tank, and an electric heating compensator is arranged in an auxiliary manner, so that the circulating heat absorption and storage tank is formed.

4. The oil-immersed heating stove according to 1 is characterized in that: the heating stove body is a semicircular transparent glass body, a pot immersed in oil is similar to the stove body in shape, and a plurality of heat transfer and conduction blades are welded on the outer wall of the pot.

5. The heat-storage heat exchanger as described in 1, characterized in that it is equipped with octahydrate barium hydroxide conical heat-storage body and auxiliary electric heating compensator, two heat sources can heat the immersed calandria water heater installed in the same body.