CN114688526A - Pre-film type gas-assisted atomizing nozzle with petal-shaped outlet - Google Patents

Pre-film type gas-assisted atomizing nozzle with petal-shaped outlet Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114688526A
CN114688526A CN202011640626.0A CN202011640626A CN114688526A CN 114688526 A CN114688526 A CN 114688526A CN 202011640626 A CN202011640626 A CN 202011640626A CN 114688526 A CN114688526 A CN 114688526A
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China
Prior art keywords
petal
cavity
gas
channel
nozzle
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Pending
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CN202011640626.0A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
隆武强
田华
崔靖晨
田江平
陈晓瑜
赵成微
于聪
张振先
礼博
董东升
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Dalian University of Technology
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Dalian University of Technology
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Priority to CN202011640626.0A priority Critical patent/CN114688526A/en
Publication of CN114688526A publication Critical patent/CN114688526A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23DBURNERS
    • F23D11/00Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/36Details, e.g. burner cooling means, noise reduction means
    • F23D11/38Nozzles; Cleaning devices therefor
    • F23D11/383Nozzles; Cleaning devices therefor with swirl means
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23DBURNERS
    • F23D11/00Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/10Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the spraying being induced by a gaseous medium, e.g. water vapour

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Nozzles For Spraying Of Liquid Fuel (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a pre-film type gas auxiliary atomizing nozzle with a petal-shaped outlet, which is applied to the technical field of industrial combustion and comprises a first channel, a second channel, a conical blunt body, a lip and a swirler, wherein the lip and the conical blunt body form a first cavity, and the first cavity is provided with a first tapered outlet; the first cavity is used for mixing gas and liquid; the first channel is communicated with the first cavity through the rotational flow blades of the swirler; the second channel is communicated with the first cavity through an air inlet on the swirler; the contact surface of the gas-liquid mixture of the conical blunt body is of a petal-shaped structure. According to the invention, the air inlet hole on the swirler is set as the inclined opening, and the contact surface of the gas-liquid mixture of the conical blunt body is set as the petal-shaped structure, so that the fuel oil achieves higher atomization quality, and thick-thin distribution is formed in the space, and low-nitrogen oxide combustion is realized.

Description

Pre-film type gas-assisted atomizing nozzle with petal-shaped outlet
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of industrial combustion, in particular to a pre-film type gas-assisted atomizing nozzle with a petal-shaped outlet.
Background
The evaporation speed of the fuel oil droplets is in direct proportion to the square of the diameter of the droplets, so that the atomization quality is improved, the fuel oil droplets are distributed more finely and uniformly, the fuel oil has higher burnout performance, and the effect of saving energy is achieved. The existing fuel oil atomizing nozzles are mainly divided into mechanical pressure atomizing nozzles and medium atomizing nozzles, wherein the mechanical pressure atomizing nozzles have a small load regulation ratio range although the mechanical pressure atomizing nozzles are simple in structure and convenient to install, and the atomizing effect is rapidly deteriorated under low oil pressure, so that carbon deposition and coking phenomena are generated; the medium atomizing nozzle is divided into: external mixing, internal mixing, and bubble atomization. The gas consumption rate of the external mixing type nozzle is basically over 25 percent, so that the heat loss of exhaust gas, low-temperature corrosion and dust deposition of a tail heating surface are caused; the gas consumption rate of the internal mixing type nozzle (Y type) needs to be further reduced; and the formation of uniform bubble flow of the bubble atomizing nozzle is influenced by the operating condition, rheological characteristics and geometric structure, and automatic control is not easy to realize.
Under the condition that the oxygen content of the traditional heavy oil boiler is 3 percent, the discharge amount of nitrogen oxides is 500-700 mg/m3In a range of 400mg/m, which is higher than that of most of oil producing countries3Is further beyond the European Union and North America by 200mg/m3The standard of (2). In 2014, China issuedEmission standard of boiler air pollutants, wherein the emission limit of nitrogen oxides of a newly built boiler is regulated to be 250mg/m3The emission limit of the boiler in the key area is more 200mg/m3Therefore, the development of a low-nitrogen combustion strategy for an oil-fired boiler becomes important. The development of the low-nitrogen burner becomes the central importance of the low-nitrogen burner, the fuel concentration combustion is an important development idea of the low-nitrogen burner, fuel oil is divided into a plurality of atomized liquid drop groups with different concentrations through specially designed spray holes to enter a combustion area, the fuel concentration different distribution is realized in a near burner area, and the combustion can be carried out under the condition of deviating from an ideal excess air coefficient. The combustion temperature of the area with light fuel is low, and the high-temperature condition (more than 1500K) for promoting the generation of nitrogen oxides is destroyed; in the region where the fuel is rich, the amount of oxygen is small, the oxygen-rich condition for generating nitrogen oxides is destroyed, and low-nitrogen combustion is realized. Therefore, in order to achieve efficient and low-polluting emission of fuel on the burner, it is necessary to improve the quality of atomization thereof and to reduce the emission of nitrogen oxides by means of thick-thin combustion.
Atomized gas in the prior art is introduced through a pore channel which is axially parallel to a nozzle, a spatial crossing angle does not exist between the atomized gas and rotational flow fuel oil which is axially supplied in the same direction, the shearing action of airflow on an oil film is not strong, so that the particle size of atomized liquid drops of the fuel oil is not fine enough, meanwhile, the fuel oil is sprayed out from a tapered annular gap between an outlet and a conical blunt body, the oil film is unstably crushed only under the limited shearing action of inner and outer gases, and higher atomization quality cannot be achieved. And the oil mist is only distributed in a narrow range on the annular space, which is not beneficial to the subsequent high-efficiency low-pollution combustion of the fuel.
Therefore, it is an urgent need to solve the problems of the art to provide a fuel oil atomizing nozzle which can improve the quality of oil atomization and realize the shade distribution of fuel in a combustion area.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a pre-film type gas-assisted atomizing nozzle with a petal-shaped outlet, which is characterized in that an atomizing gas inlet hole angle is changed to enable the atomizing gas inlet hole angle to penetrate oil flow at a fixed angle, so as to realize primary crushing of an oil film, the outer surface of a blunt body is improved into a petal-shaped surface, the oil film continuously performs pulsating friction under the action of rotational flow, the shearing action of atomizing gas and the outer surface of the petal-shaped blunt body, so that the turbulence degree of the oil film surface is greatly increased, the oil film is rapidly destabilized, crushed and sprayed out, and higher atomizing quality is achieved.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a pre-film type gas-assisted atomizing nozzle with a petal-shaped outlet comprises a first channel, a second channel, a conical bluff body, a lip and a swirler;
the lip and the conical blunt body form a first cavity, and the first cavity is provided with a first gradually-reducing outlet; the first cavity is used for mixing gas and liquid;
the first channel is communicated with the first cavity through the rotational flow blades of the swirler;
the second channel is communicated with the first cavity through an air inlet on the swirler;
the conical blunt body is fixedly connected with the cyclone; the contact surface of the gas-liquid mixture of the conical bluff body is of a petal-shaped structure, the petal-shaped structure is in a high-low fluctuation shape, and the number i of petals is more than or equal to 1.
Furthermore, the device also comprises a nozzle inner connecting piece and a nozzle outer connecting piece, wherein the first channel is formed by the inner wall of the nozzle outer connecting piece and the outer wall of the nozzle inner connecting piece, and the second channel is formed by the inner wall of the nozzle inner connecting piece.
Further, the cyclone separator also comprises a screw, and the conical blunt body is fixedly connected with the cyclone separator through the screw.
The air cover and the lip mouth are fixedly connected to form a second cavity, and a second tapered outlet is formed in the second cavity; the air injection holes are circumferentially and uniformly distributed on the air cover.
Further, the petal-shaped structures are arranged along a circlePeriodically distributed in the circumferential direction, the petal shape satisfies the sine function, L1≥L2/2 wherein L1Represents the distance between one end of the petal-shaped structure close to the fixed side of the conical blunt body and the fixed side of the conical blunt body, L2Indicating the length of the conical blunt body in the direction of the central axis.
Furthermore, the included angle between the air inlet holes and the central axis of the nozzle is alpha, alpha is more than or equal to 0 degrees and less than or equal to 60 degrees, the number m of the air inlet holes is more than or equal to 1, and the air inlet holes are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction.
Furthermore, the number n of the swirl vanes is more than or equal to 1 and is uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction.
Through the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention discloses a pre-film type gas-assisted atomizing nozzle with a petal-shaped outlet, which has the beneficial effects that:
the oil film is subjected to rotational flow action, atomizing air shearing action and continuous pulsating friction on the outer surface of the petal type bluff body, the turbulence degree of the surface of the oil film is greatly increased, the oil film is rapidly unstably crushed and sprayed out, high atomizing quality is achieved, and the outer surface of the bluff body is improved into the petal type surface, so that the dense-dilute distribution of fuel in a combustion area is realized, the low-nitrogen oxide combustion is realized, and increasingly strict emission regulations are met.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a conical bluff body according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a side view of a conical bluff body according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a front view of a conical bluff body according to the present invention;
wherein, 1 is a screw; 2 a conical blunt body; 3, air injection holes; 4 a first cavity; 5, an air hood; 6, a lip opening; 7, swirl vanes; 8 air inlet holes; 9, a swirler; 10 nozzle outer connecting piece; 11 a nozzle inner connector; 12 a first channel; 13 a first passage tube; 14 a second channel; 15 a second channel tube; 16 second cavity.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention discloses a pre-film type gas-assisted atomizing nozzle with a petal-shaped outlet, the overall structure of which is schematically shown in figure 1 and comprises a first channel 12, a second channel 14, a conical blunt body 2, a lip 6 and a swirler 9;
wherein, the lip 6 and the conical blunt body 2 form a first cavity 4, and the first cavity 4 is provided with a first reducing outlet; the first cavity 4 is used for mixing gas and liquid;
the first channel 12 is communicated with the first cavity 4 through the rotational flow blades 7 of the swirler 9;
the second channel 14 is communicated with the first cavity 4 through an air inlet hole 8 on the swirler 9;
the conical blunt body 2 is fixedly connected with the swirler 9; the contact surface of the gas-liquid mixture of the conical blunt body 2 is in a petal-shaped structure, as shown in figure 2, the contact surface is a three-dimensional view of the conical blunt body 2, the petal-shaped structure is in a height and undulation shape, as shown in figure 4, and the number i of petals is more than or equal to 1.
Further, the nozzle comprises a nozzle inner connecting piece 11 and a nozzle outer connecting piece 10, wherein the first channel 12 is formed by the inner wall of the nozzle outer connecting piece 10 and the outer wall of the nozzle inner connecting piece 11, and the second channel 14 is formed by the inner wall of the nozzle inner connecting piece 11.
Further, the cyclone separator also comprises a screw 1, and the conical blunt body 2 is fixedly connected with the cyclone 9 through the screw 1.
Further, the air-cooling type air-cooling device further comprises an air cover 5 and an air injection hole 3, wherein the air cover 5 and the lip 6 are fixedly connected to form a second cavity 16, and the second cavity 16 is provided with a second tapered outlet; the air injection holes 3 are circumferentially and uniformly distributed on the air hood 5.
Furthermore, the single petal-shaped structures are periodically distributed along the circumferential direction, the petal shapes meet a sine function, and L1≥L2/2 wherein L1The distance L between one end of the petal-shaped structure close to the fixed side of the conical blunt body 2 and the fixed side of the conical blunt body 22The length of the conical blunt body 2 in the direction of the central axis is shown in fig. 3.
Furthermore, the included angle between the air inlet holes 8 and the central axis of the nozzle is alpha, which satisfies that alpha is more than or equal to 0 degree and less than or equal to 60 degrees, the number m of the air inlet holes 8 is more than or equal to 1, and the air inlet holes are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction.
Furthermore, the number n of the swirl vanes 7 is more than or equal to 1 and is uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction.
In one embodiment, the first channel 12 is a liquid inlet channel, the second channel 14 is a gas inlet channel, the corresponding first channel pipe 13 is a liquid inlet pipe, the second channel pipe 15 is a gas inlet pipe, the liquid inlet pipe is connected with the liquid inlet channel, the gas inlet pipe is connected with the gas inlet channel, and the specific implementation manner is as follows: the fuel oil enters the nozzle through the liquid inlet channel 12, is guided by the swirl vanes 7 on the swirler 9 to enter the mixing chamber after being accelerated by the contraction section pipeline, and is mixed with the gas introduced from the gas inlet hole 8 in a cross way, the gas column and the nozzle are axially at a certain angle, the fuel oil passing through the swirl vanes 7 has a certain turbulence degree, and primary crushing is realized in a tapered annular high disturbance space formed by the lip 6 and the conical bluff body 2, namely a first cavity under the penetrating shearing action of the gas column. Subsequently, the fuel spread as a film on the conical blunt body 2 is stretched and thinned at the first taper outlet by the petal-shaped structure surface due to the frictional pulsation. And because the surfaces of the petal-shaped structures are arranged in a fluctuating way, fuel naturally forms thick and thin distribution in space after leaving the nozzle. The jet of the high-speed oil flow at the nozzle leads to the internal and external pressure difference of the air injection hole 3, under the action of the pressure difference, the nozzle injects ambient air from the outside to form high-speed airflow through the air injection hole 3 and the second gradually-reducing outlet, the disturbance effect on fuel oil jetted by the nozzle is enhanced, and the shearing force of the gas is utilized to ensure that the oil film or the fuel oil liquid drops are quickly instable, so that the secondary crushing atomization effect is achieved.
In another embodiment, the first passage 12 is an intake passage, and the second passage 14 is an intake passage, which is not limited in this application.
According to the invention, the angle of the atomizing air inlet hole is changed to enable the atomizing air inlet hole to penetrate oil flow at a fixed angle, so that the oil film is primarily crushed, the outer surface of the bluff body is improved into a petal-shaped surface, the oil film is subjected to continuous pulsating friction under the action of rotational flow, the shearing action of atomizing air and the outer surface of the petal-shaped bluff body, the turbulence degree of the surface of the oil film is greatly increased, the oil film is rapidly unstably crushed and sprayed, and the higher atomizing quality is achieved. The spray cold test verifies that the sauter mean diameter SMD decreases to 25 μm.
In the prior art, oil mist is distributed only in a narrow range on an annular space and is not beneficial to the subsequent high-efficiency low-pollution combustion of oil, so the invention provides the pre-film type gas auxiliary atomizing nozzle with the petal-shaped outlet. Verified on a 6MW CWNS (atmospheric hot Water boiler) NOx emissions were reduced to 275mg/m3
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. The device disclosed by the embodiment corresponds to the method disclosed by the embodiment, so that the description is simple, and the relevant points can be referred to the method part for description.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (7)

1. A pre-film type gas-assisted atomizing nozzle with a petal-shaped outlet is characterized by comprising a first channel (12), a second channel (14), a conical bluff body (2), a lip (6) and a swirler (9);
the lip (6) and the conical blunt body (2) form a first cavity (4), and the first cavity (4) is provided with a first reducing outlet; the first cavity (4) is used for mixing gas and liquid;
the first channel (12) is communicated with the first cavity (4) through a cyclone blade (7) of the cyclone (9);
the second channel (14) is communicated with the first cavity (4) through an air inlet hole (8) on the swirler (9);
the conical blunt body (2) is fixedly connected with the swirler (9); the contact surface of the gas-liquid mixture of the conical blunt body (2) is in a petal-shaped structure, the petal-shaped structure is in a high-low fluctuation shape, and the number i of petals is more than or equal to 1.
2. A prefilming gas-assisted atomisation nozzle with a petaloid outlet according to claim 1, characterised in that it comprises an inner nozzle connection (11) and an outer nozzle connection (10), the first channel (12) being constituted by the inner nozzle connection (10) wall and the outer nozzle connection (11) wall, and the second channel (14) being constituted by the inner nozzle connection (11) wall.
3. The prefilming gas-assisted atomizing nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a screw (1), by means of which screw (1) the conical bluff body (2) is fixedly connected to the swirler (9).
4. The prefilming gas-assisted atomizing nozzle with petal-shaped outlets according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises an air hood (5) and an air injection hole (3), the air hood (5) and the lip (6) are fixedly connected to form a second cavity (16), and the second cavity (16) is provided with a second tapered outlet; the air injection holes (3) are circumferentially and uniformly distributed on the air cover (5).
5. The pre-filming gas-assisted atomizing nozzle of claim 1, wherein the individual petal-shaped structures are periodically distributed along the circumferential direction, the petal shapes satisfy sine function, and L is L1≥L2/2 wherein L1The distance L between one end of the petal-shaped structure close to the fixed side of the conical blunt body (2) and the fixed side of the conical blunt body (2) is shown2The length of the conical blunt body (2) along the central axis direction is shown.
6. The pre-film type gas-assisted atomizing nozzle with the petal-shaped outlet is characterized in that the included angle between the air inlet holes (8) and the central axis of the nozzle is alpha, the included angle is more than or equal to 0 degrees and less than or equal to 60 degrees, the number m of the air inlet holes (8) is more than or equal to 1, and the air inlet holes are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction.
7. The pre-filming gas-assisted atomizing nozzle with petal-shaped outlets as claimed in claim 1, wherein the number n of the swirl vanes (7) is more than or equal to 1 and is uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction.
CN202011640626.0A 2020-12-31 2020-12-31 Pre-film type gas-assisted atomizing nozzle with petal-shaped outlet Pending CN114688526A (en)

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CN202011640626.0A CN114688526A (en) 2020-12-31 2020-12-31 Pre-film type gas-assisted atomizing nozzle with petal-shaped outlet

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CN202011640626.0A CN114688526A (en) 2020-12-31 2020-12-31 Pre-film type gas-assisted atomizing nozzle with petal-shaped outlet

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Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2731277Y (en) * 2004-06-29 2005-10-05 东南大学 Petal shape flame stabilizer for vortex burner
CA2592272A1 (en) * 2006-06-19 2007-12-19 Snecma Rotary movement mixer for a confluent flow nozzle of a turbine engine
CN201225656Y (en) * 2008-05-12 2009-04-22 哈尔滨东安发动机(集团)有限公司 Air atomizing nozzle
CN102878557A (en) * 2011-07-10 2013-01-16 张亚坤 Pre-coating medium atomizing nozzle
RU151190U1 (en) * 2014-07-30 2015-03-27 Российская Федерация, От Имени Которой Выступает Министерство Промышленности И Торговли Российской Федерации ROD PNEUMOACOUSTIC SPRAY
CN108072053A (en) * 2017-11-28 2018-05-25 中国航发沈阳发动机研究所 A kind of rotational flow atomization device
CN109915855A (en) * 2019-03-01 2019-06-21 西北工业大学 Double oil circuits liquidate simple nozzle
CN111473362A (en) * 2020-04-14 2020-07-31 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 Premixing nozzle of gas turbine combustor

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2731277Y (en) * 2004-06-29 2005-10-05 东南大学 Petal shape flame stabilizer for vortex burner
CA2592272A1 (en) * 2006-06-19 2007-12-19 Snecma Rotary movement mixer for a confluent flow nozzle of a turbine engine
CN201225656Y (en) * 2008-05-12 2009-04-22 哈尔滨东安发动机(集团)有限公司 Air atomizing nozzle
CN102878557A (en) * 2011-07-10 2013-01-16 张亚坤 Pre-coating medium atomizing nozzle
RU151190U1 (en) * 2014-07-30 2015-03-27 Российская Федерация, От Имени Которой Выступает Министерство Промышленности И Торговли Российской Федерации ROD PNEUMOACOUSTIC SPRAY
CN108072053A (en) * 2017-11-28 2018-05-25 中国航发沈阳发动机研究所 A kind of rotational flow atomization device
CN109915855A (en) * 2019-03-01 2019-06-21 西北工业大学 Double oil circuits liquidate simple nozzle
CN111473362A (en) * 2020-04-14 2020-07-31 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 Premixing nozzle of gas turbine combustor

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