CN114688262A

CN114688262A - Pilot valve and vacuum valve

Info

Publication number: CN114688262A
Application number: CN202210185821.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 周超; 杨凯
Original assignee: Wuhan Shengyu Drainage Systems Co Ltd
Current assignee: Wuhan Shengyu Drainage Systems Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-02-28
Filing date: 2022-02-28
Publication date: 2022-07-01

Abstract

The invention discloses a pilot valve which is provided with a bidirectional flow control mechanism. The bidirectional flow control mechanism is communicated with the second containing cavity of the pilot valve; when the air pressure obtained by the first containing cavity of the pilot valve reaches a preset value, the valve core of the pilot valve moves in the positive direction, so that the vacuum valve is in a negative pressure state, and the vacuum valve achieves a water pumping function. When the air pressure obtained by the first containing cavity of the pilot valve is lower than the preset value, the valve core of the pilot valve moves reversely, so that the air pressure in the vacuum valve is balanced, and the vacuum valve stops pumping water. The bidirectional flow control mechanism enables the pilot valve to respond quickly when the vacuum valve is in a negative pressure state, and the pilot valve enables the air pressure in the vacuum valve to be balanced slowly, so that the effects of preventing overflow in a well and frequently opening and closing the vacuum valve are achieved.

Description

Pilot valve and vacuum valve

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of drainage, in particular to a pilot valve and a vacuum valve.

Background

Vacuum valves typically include a pilot valve and a main valve. The detection pipe is arranged in the well, when the liquid level of the well reaches a set height, the liquid level difference between the inside and the outside of the detection pipe enables a certain air pressure to be formed in the detection pipe, the air pressure is transmitted to the pilot valve to drive the pilot valve to act, the main valve is communicated with the vacuum pumping equipment under the action of the pilot valve, and the main valve is in a negative pressure state, so that the water inlet and the water outlet of the vacuum valve are communicated, and water pumping is realized. When the air pressure in the detecting pipe is insufficient, the main valve is cut off from the vacuum-pumping equipment under the action of the pilot valve, the air pressure of the main valve is balanced, so that the water inlet and the water outlet of the vacuum valve are cut off, and the vacuum valve stops working. The vacuum valve is an important actuating mechanism applied to a drainage system, and the vacuum valve is driven to work by air pressure generated by the level of the liquid in the environment, so that the vacuum valve has the advantage of no need of an external power supply.

The state switching of the vacuum valve is only related to the air pressure generated by the liquid level, and further the state switching of the pilot valve is only related to the liquid level. During the pumping process of the vacuum valve, the liquid level can drop, when the liquid level drops to a set value, the air pressure is insufficient, and the pilot valve can drive the vacuum valve to stop working; when the liquid level rises to a set value, the air pressure reaches the set value, and the pilot valve can drive the vacuum valve to continue working. In the same well, there is a high probability of large fluctuations in the flow rate of water, even over a short period of time. Therefore, there may be problems as follows: when the flow is large, the liquid level can quickly exceed a set value, and the water pumping speed of the vacuum valve is lower than the water inlet speed in the well, so that water cannot be pumped away by the vacuum valve and overflows out of the well. When the flow is small, the liquid level is frequently lower than the set value, the vacuum valve can be opened and closed frequently, the fatigue of components in the vacuum valve is accelerated, and the service life of the vacuum valve is influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

To address at least some of the problems discussed above, the present invention improves upon the prior art.

In a first aspect of the present invention, a pilot valve is provided, comprising a valve body provided with a pilot port; the deformation piece is arranged in the valve body and divides the valve body into a first containing cavity and a second containing cavity, the first containing cavity and the second containing cavity are positioned at two sides of the deformation piece, and the pressure guide port is connected with the first containing cavity and used for inputting air pressure to the first containing cavity; the valve core is arranged in the valve body, is positioned on one side of the first containing cavity and is connected with the deformation piece; the bidirectional flow control mechanism is communicated with the second cavity; when the air pressure in the first cavity reaches a preset value, the deformation piece deforms to drive the valve core to move in the forward direction, and the second cavity exhausts air at a first speed through the bidirectional flow control mechanism; when the air pressure in the first cavity is lower than a preset value, the shape of the deformation piece is restored to drive the valve core to move reversely, and the second cavity is used for air inflow at a second speed through the bidirectional flow control mechanism; the first speed is greater than the second speed.

In the above scheme, the pilot valve obtains air pressure through the pressure guide port, when the air pressure reaches a preset value, the air pressure in the first cavity is larger than that in the second cavity, the deformation piece deforms towards the second cavity under the condition, the deformation piece drives the valve core to move in a forward direction, and the air flow in the second cavity is exhausted to the outside through the bidirectional flow control mechanism. When the air pressure of the first containing cavity is reduced, air is fed into the second containing cavity through the bidirectional flow control mechanism, the shape of the deformation piece is restored towards the direction of the first containing cavity under the condition, and the deformation piece drives the valve core to move reversely to switch the state of the pilot valve. The bidirectional flow control mechanism enables the exhaust speed and the air inlet speed in the pilot valve to be high, and the pilot valve is sensitive in reaction in the process that the air pressure formed in the liquid level change process in the well is close to a set value; the pilot valve response is sluggish as the air pressure deviates from the set value. The pilot valve of the scheme is applied to the vacuum valve, and the following effects can be achieved: when the liquid level in the well reaches a set value, the state of the pilot valve of the vacuum valve can be switched rapidly, so that the main valve can establish a negative pressure state rapidly, water is pumped rapidly, and water is prevented from overflowing out of the well. When the liquid level is lower than the set value, the pilot valve of the vacuum valve delays the switching state, so that the negative pressure state of the main valve is maintained, water can be pumped continuously when the liquid level in the well is lower than the set value, the liquid level of the well can reach the set value again before the pilot valve is not switched, the state of the pilot valve is maintained continuously, and the vacuum valve is prevented from being opened and closed frequently in a short time period.

Optionally, the bidirectional flow control mechanism includes: the air inlet is communicated with the second cavity of the pilot valve; an air outlet communicated with the atmosphere; the seal is positioned between the air inlet and the air outlet and is provided with a conical surface; the end socket is adapted to the conical surface of the seal; when the second cavity of the pilot valve exhausts, the seal head is far away from the seal, and the over-flow at the seal is increased; when the second cavity of the pilot valve is used for air inlet, the seal head is close to the seal, and the overflow quantity at the seal is reduced.

In the above optional scheme, in the process of increasing the air pressure of the first containing cavity of the pilot valve, the second containing cavity exhausts air through the bidirectional flow control mechanism, in the process of exhausting the second containing cavity of the pilot valve, the end socket floats to move in the direction away from the seal, and because the seal is provided with the conical surface, in the process of keeping away from the seal by the end socket, the gap between the end socket and the seal is larger and larger, the overflow at the seal is increased, and therefore the exhausting speed is accelerated. In the process of reducing the air pressure of the first containing cavity of the pilot valve, the second containing cavity is used for air inlet through the bidirectional flow control mechanism, in the process of air inlet of the second containing cavity of the pilot valve, the gap between the seal head and the seal is smaller and smaller in the process that the seal head moves towards the seal under the action of self weight, and the over-flow at the seal position is reduced, so that the air inlet time is prolonged.

Optionally, the bidirectional flow control mechanism includes: the air inlet is communicated with the second cavity of the pilot valve; a closed end distal from the air inlet; the cover plate is connected to the closed end and is provided with a vent hole; when the second cavity is exhausted, the cover plate opens the closed end, and the air inlet is communicated with the atmosphere through the closed end; when the second cavity is filled with air, the cover plate closes the closed end, and the air inlet is communicated with the atmosphere through the vent hole.

In the above alternative, a bi-directional flow control mechanism is another way to implement. In the process of increasing the air pressure of the first containing cavity of the pilot valve, the second containing cavity exhausts air through the closed end of the bidirectional flow control mechanism and admits air through the vent hole in the cover plate of the bidirectional flow control mechanism. The overflowing area of the vent hole is far smaller than the excessive area of the closed end, so that the speed of the bidirectional flow control mechanism during air inlet is low, and the air inlet time of the second cavity of the pilot valve is prolonged.

Optionally, a cover plate of the bidirectional flow control mechanism is rotatably connected with a closed end, the cover plate is rotatable relative to a connection point of the cover plate and the closed end, and the closed end is provided with a conical opening.

Optionally, the cover plate of the bidirectional flow control mechanism is movably connected with the closed end, the closed end is provided with a fixed cavity, the fixed cavity is communicated with the second cavity of the pilot valve, and a first reset piece connected with the cover plate is arranged in the fixed cavity.

Optionally, the bidirectional flow control mechanism includes: the one-way valve is communicated with the second cavity and is used for one-way exhaust of the second cavity; and the throttle valve is communicated with the second accommodating cavity and used for adjusting the one-way air inflow of the second accommodating cavity.

In the above alternative, it is also possible that the bidirectional flow control mechanism comprises a check valve and a throttle valve. The one-way valve allows the air flow to flow only in one direction for venting the second volume. However, it is not feasible that the second chamber of the pilot valve is only vented, which may cause the deformable member in the pilot valve to be suppressed after deformation due to the fact that the second chamber is not balanced with the external air pressure, and the deformable member cannot be restored after the air pressure in the first chamber is lower than the set value. Therefore, the bidirectional flow control mechanism is further provided with a throttle valve, the throttle valve can adjust the air inflow of the second accommodating cavity, the second accommodating cavity can admit air, and the throttle valve has the function of adjusting the air inflow, so that the speed of allowing the outside to enter the second accommodating cavity is low.

Optionally, the deformation piece is a spring piece. The deformable member in the pilot valve may be a resilient tab that deforms when subjected to pressure and returns to its original shape when the pressure is removed. Thus, the elastic sheet can directly drive the valve core of the pilot valve without other auxiliary parts. Generally, the elastic sheet is a metal elastic sheet, has high sensitivity to force and has good deformation and recovery capability.

Optionally, the deformation member is a diaphragm, and the pilot valve further comprises a reset member; the reset piece is arranged in the valve body and connected with the valve core, and the reset piece is located on one side of the position of the second containing cavity. The diaphragm has good tension and large deformation, but the diaphragm usually does not have the function of automatic restoration, so that the restoration of the diaphragm is assisted by matching with a restoration piece.

Optionally, the pilot valve further includes an adjusting mechanism, and the adjusting mechanism is connected with the second resetting member. When the pilot valve adopts a mode of combining the membrane and the reset piece to drive the valve core of the pilot valve, the adjusting mechanism is added in the pilot valve and is used for adjusting the restoring force of the second reset piece.

In a second aspect of the invention, there is provided a vacuum valve comprising a main valve and a pilot valve, wherein the pilot valve is as described in the first aspect. In vacuum valves, the pilot valve functions to establish a negative pressure condition for the main valve.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present disclosure or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present disclosure, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a pilot valve according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a two-way flow control mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a second embodiment of a bi-directional flow control mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a second embodiment of the pilot valve of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a third embodiment of a bi-directional flow control mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a fourth schematic view of an embodiment of a bi-directional flow control mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a third schematic view of an embodiment of the pilot valve of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a fourth schematic view of an embodiment of the pilot valve of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic illustration of an embodiment five of the pilot valve of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a vacuum valve according to the present invention.

Reference numerals are as follows:

11 a-a spring plate, 11 b-a membrane, 12-a first cavity, 13-a second cavity, 14-a second spring and 15-a pressure plate;

21-valve stem, 22-sealing block;

31A-a first bidirectional flow control mechanism, 311-an air inlet, 312-a seal, 313-an air outlet, 3141-a spherical seal head and 3142-a conical seal head;

31B-two-way flow control mechanism II, 3101 a-rotating cover plate, 3102-vent hole, 3101B-movable cover plate, 3103-first spring;

32-one-way valve, 33-shutoff valve;

41-adjusting screw, 42-adjusting block;

51-a linker;

61. 62, 63, 64-trachea;

p1-pressure guide port, P2-exhaust port, P3-negative pressure air inlet, P4-negative pressure air outlet;

011-negative pressure cavity, 012-atmospheric pressure cavity, 013-water passing cavity, 02-diaphragm, 03-isolation piece, 04-driving rod, 05-sealing block, 06-third spring, 07-gas-liquid separator, 08-water outlet, 09-water inlet and 010-air pressure conduit.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present specification will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present specification, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only preferred embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present specification are within the scope of the present invention.

In the application, the valve body is a main body structure of the finger valve, the valve core is an action mechanism of the finger valve, and the valve core moves in the valve body so as to realize the functions of opening and closing or switching a flow passage.

In this application, a deformable element is a component whose shape can be changed under a force. The elastic sheet or the membrane is one of the deformation pieces in the application. The elastic sheet is a sheet-shaped part with a bidirectional deformation function, namely, the shape of the elastic sheet can be deformed when the elastic sheet is acted by an acting force, and the shape of the elastic sheet can be automatically recovered when the acting force is cancelled. Generally, the membrane refers to a sheet-shaped part with a unidirectional deformation function, namely, the membrane can deform in shape when being acted by force, and the shape can be recovered only by applying reverse force.

In the present application, the forward and reverse movements are relative.

In the present application, the return member includes, but is not limited to, a spring.

In the present application, "first" or "second" does not represent a degree of importance, but merely serves to distinguish different components or spaces having similar attributes.

Pilot valve embodiment one

As shown in FIG. 1, a pilot valve includes a valve body. The elastic sheet 11a is arranged in the valve body, and the elastic sheet 11a divides the first accommodating cavity 12 and the second accommodating cavity 13 in the valve body. The cartridge includes a stem 21 and a sealing block 22. The end of the valve rod 21 far away from the sealing block 22 is connected with the spring plate 11a, and the sealing block 22 is used for switching the flow passage of the pilot valve. In the present embodiment, the elastic sheet is a sheet, and according to the pressure formula F ═ PS (P is pressure and S is pressure receiving area), it is known that the elastic sheet is a sheet, which is favorable for the elastic sheet to deform under force. In this embodiment, the valve rod 21 is connected to the center of the elastic sheet 11a, which is beneficial to the balance of the acting force, and the elastic sheet drives the valve plug more stably, thereby achieving the technical effect of reducing the loss of the acting force. The valve body is further provided with a pressure guide port P1, the pressure guide port P1 is communicated with the first cavity 12, and external air pressure is introduced into the first cavity 12 through the pressure guide port P1.

In the actual operation process, when the air pressure in the first cavity increases to a set value, the elastic sheet 11a deforms toward the second cavity 13 under the action of the air pressure, and drives the valve core to move toward the second cavity 13. Further, the pilot valve also includes a bidirectional flow control mechanism 31A. The bidirectional flow control mechanism 31A communicates with the second chamber 13. During the increase in the air pressure in the first chamber 12, the second chamber 13 is vented to the outside through the bidirectional flow control mechanism. When the air pressure of the first cavity 12 is reduced and is lower than a set value, the second cavity 13 is filled with air to the second cavity 13 through the bidirectional flow control mechanism, the shape of the elastic sheet 11a is restored towards the direction of the first cavity under the condition, and the elastic sheet 11a drives the valve core to move reversely. The forward and reverse movement of the valve core of the pilot valve can realize the switching of the flow passage in the pilot valve.

It should be added that, in the first embodiment, the "forward direction" of the "forward movement" refers to a direction from the first cavity toward the second cavity, and the "reverse direction" of the "reverse movement" refers to a direction from the second cavity toward the first cavity.

In the present application, the effects that are desired to be achieved are: in the process of pumping water, when the liquid level in the well reaches a set value, the state of the pilot valve of the vacuum valve can be switched rapidly, so that the main valve can rapidly establish a negative pressure state, thereby pumping water rapidly and preventing water from overflowing out of the well. When the liquid level is lower than the set value, the pilot valve of the vacuum valve delays the switching state, so that the negative pressure state of the main valve is maintained, water can be pumped continuously when the liquid level is lower than the set value, before the pilot valve is not switched, the liquid level of the well can reach the set value again, the state of the pilot valve is maintained continuously, and the vacuum valve is prevented from being opened and closed frequently in a short time period.

Based on this, the present embodiment provides the above-mentioned pilot valve, that is, a bidirectional flow control mechanism is provided in the pilot valve, and the bidirectional flow control mechanism enables the pilot valve to exhaust gas quickly and intake gas slowly. The principle that the pilot valve can achieve fast exhaust and slow intake is further described in detail below with reference to an embodiment of a bidirectional flow control mechanism to support the technical problem to be solved by the embodiment.

Embodiment one of the bidirectional flow control mechanism

As shown in FIG. 2, the bi-directional flow control mechanism is provided with an inlet port 311, and the inlet port 311 may be in communication with a second volume in the pilot valve. The bi-directional flow control mechanism is also provided with an air outlet 313, which 313 may be vented to atmosphere. A seal 312 is also arranged between the air inlet 311 and the air outlet 313, and the seal 312 is provided with a conical surface; a spherical end enclosure 3141 is adapted to the conical surface. Referring to fig. 1, when the air pressure of the first cavity increases and the deformation element moves towards the second cavity, the second cavity 13 starts to exhaust through the bidirectional flow control mechanism, and at this time, the spherical sealing head 3141 moves upwards under the action of the air pressure. When the air pressure of the first cavity is reduced and the second cavity 13 starts to admit air through the bidirectional flow control mechanism, the spherical sealing head 3141 moves downwards under the action of gravity, the closer the sealing head is to the seal, the smaller the overflow at the seal is, the more difficult the air is to be admitted, and the slower the air admission speed is.

Two-way flow control mechanism embodiment two

As shown in fig. 3, compared to the first bidirectional flow control mechanism embodiment, in the second bidirectional flow control mechanism embodiment, the seal head of the bidirectional flow control mechanism is replaced with a tapered seal head 3142, and the tapered seal head 3142 is fitted with the tapered surface of the seal. Referring to fig. 1, when the second cavity 13 starts to exhaust through the bidirectional flow control mechanism, the conical sealing head 3142 moves upward under the action of air pressure, and it can be understood by those skilled in the art that the farther the sealing head is away from the seal in the process, the larger the overflow at the seal is, the easier the exhaust is, and the faster the exhaust speed is. When the second cavity 13 starts to admit air through the bidirectional flow control mechanism, the conical sealing head 3142 moves downwards under the action of gravity, the closer the sealing head is to the seal, the smaller the over-flow at the seal is, and the more difficult the air is to enter, the slower the air inlet speed is.

It should be added that, in the first and/or second embodiments of the bidirectional flow control mechanism, the specific structure of the end enclosure and the specific material of the end enclosure are not specifically limited as long as the end enclosure can be adapted to the seal and can move in the direction away from the seal when obtaining a small air pressure; the seal head design which can move towards the direction close to the seal under the action of gravity is suitable for the invention and also within the protection scope of the invention; for example, the end socket can be designed into a sphere or a cone, the end socket can be made of rubber or metal, and the end socket can be of a solid structure or a hollow structure. Furthermore, the end socket is close to the seal under the action of self weight and directly contacts with the seal, the end socket and the seal do not have a complete sealing effect, a gap exists between the end socket and the seal, and the gap provides a slow air inlet channel for a second containing cavity in the pilot valve. Thus, the bi-directional flow control mechanism is not equivalent to a one-way valve. When the head of the bidirectional flow control mechanism is designed, the head also has the characteristics of small volume and light weight. So as to achieve the effects of simple structure, small size and high sensitivity to air pressure of the pilot valve.

Pilot valve embodiment two

As shown in FIG. 4, a pilot valve includes a valve body. The elastic sheet 11a is arranged in the valve body, and the elastic sheet 11a divides the first accommodating cavity 12 and the second accommodating cavity 13 in the valve body. The cartridge includes a stem 21 and a sealing block 22. One end of the valve rod 21 far away from the sealing block 22 is connected with the elastic sheet 11a, and the sealing block 22 is used for realizing the switching of the flow passage of the pilot valve. In the present embodiment, the elastic sheet is a sheet, and according to the pressure formula F ═ PS (P is pressure and S is pressure receiving area), it is known that the elastic sheet is a sheet, which is favorable for the elastic sheet to deform under force. In this embodiment, the valve rod 21 is connected to the center of the elastic sheet 11a, which is beneficial to the balance of the acting force, and the elastic sheet drives the valve plug more stably, thereby achieving the technical effect of reducing the loss of the acting force. The valve body is further provided with a pressure guide port P1, the pressure guide port P1 is communicated with the first cavity 12, and external air pressure is introduced into the first cavity 12 through the pressure guide port. When the air pressure in the first cavity is increased to a set value, the elastic sheet 11a deforms towards the second cavity 13 under the action of the air pressure, and drives the valve core to move towards the second cavity. The pilot valve also includes a bi-directional flow control mechanism 31B. The bidirectional flow control mechanism 31B communicates with the second chamber 13. During the increase in the air pressure in the first chamber 12, the second chamber 13 is vented to the outside through the bidirectional flow control mechanism. When the pressure in the first volume 12 decreases and is below the set point, the second volume 13 is fed by a bi-directional flow control mechanism. The shape of the elastic sheet 11a is restored towards the direction of the first containing cavity under the condition, and the elastic sheet 11a drives the valve core to move reversely. The forward and reverse movement of the valve core of the pilot valve can realize the switching of the flow passage in the pilot valve.

It should be added that, in the second embodiment, the "forward direction" of the "forward movement" refers to a direction from the first cavity to the second cavity, and the "reverse direction" of the "reverse movement" refers to a direction from the second cavity to the first cavity.

In the second embodiment of the pilot valve, the bidirectional flow control mechanism comprises an air inlet and a closed end, wherein the air inlet is communicated with the second cavity of the pilot valve; the air inlet is communicated with the second cavity of the pilot valve. A cover plate is arranged at the closed end, a vent hole is arranged on the cover plate, and the vent hole is communicated with the air inlet; when the second cavity of the pilot valve exhausts, the cover plate opens the closed end; when the second cavity of the pilot valve is filled with air, the cover plate closes the closed end, and the vent hole in the cover plate provides an air inlet channel for the second cavity of the pilot valve.

The two-way flow control mechanism of the pilot valve embodiment two uses another design principle than the two-way flow control mechanism of the pilot valve embodiment one. In addition, the bidirectional flow control mechanism and the pilot valve in the second embodiment of the pilot valve can be of an integrated structure or a detachable structure. When the bi-directional flow control mechanism is a removable structure, one skilled in the art can connect to the pilot valve via other connectors, such as: screw type connection; another example is: and (4) plug-in connection.

Two-way flow control mechanism embodiment III

One embodiment of a bi-directional flow control mechanism in a pilot valve embodiment is illustrated in figure 5. A bidirectional flow control mechanism comprises an air inlet, a closed end and a cover plate. Wherein, the closed end is provided with a conical surface; the rotating cover plate 3101a is rotatably coupled to the tapered surface. In this embodiment, the rotating cover plate 3101a is attached to the upper end of the closed end by a rotating shaft. The closed end is provided with the conical surface, and the advantages are that: when the rotating cover plate 3101a is pneumatically opened, it is urged by gravity to engage the closed end. Because the closed end is a conical surface, when the rotating cover plate 3101a is attached to the closed end, the closed end is pressed by the rotating cover plate, and thus, the rotating cover plate 3101a and the closed end can achieve a better sealing effect. Those skilled in the art can design the closed end to be a flush structure, and the rotating cover plate 3101a can be attached to the closed end under the action of gravity, but the closed end cannot be pressed by the rotating cover plate, so that the sealing effect is not as good as that of the closed end designed to be a conical surface. The rotating cover plate 3101a is also provided with a vent hole 3102 in communication with the air inlet, which vent hole 3102 provides a smaller flow path for the bi-directional flow control mechanism when the rotating cover plate 3101a is attached to the closed end. The third embodiment of the bidirectional flow control mechanism can realize the effects of high exhaust speed and low air intake speed for the pilot valve.

Fourth embodiment of the bidirectional flow control mechanism

Still another embodiment of the bidirectional flow control mechanism in the pilot valve embodiment two is illustrated in figure 6. A bidirectional flow control mechanism comprises an air inlet, a closed end and a movable cover plate. Different from the rotating cover plate in the third embodiment of the bidirectional flow control mechanism. The moveable cover 3101b of the fourth embodiment of the bi-directional flow control mechanism is removably attached to the closed end, i.e., the moveable cover 3101b is not directly attached to the closed end, but is detachable therefrom. A fixed cavity communicating with the air inlet is also provided at the closed end, and a movable cover plate 3101b and a first spring 3103 are provided in the fixed cavity. The movable cover 3101b is pressed to move forward against the elastic force of the first spring 3102, and the larger the pressing force of the movable cover 3101b, the larger the amount of compression of the first spring 3103, and the larger the gap between the movable cover 3101b and the closed end. When the pressure on the removable cover 3101b is reduced, the first spring 3103 is restored to push the removable cover 3101b to move in the opposite direction and make the cover 3101b fit the closed end, and the vent hole 3102 on the removable cover 31012 provides a smaller flow path. The fourth embodiment of the bidirectional flow control mechanism can also realize the effects of high exhaust speed and low air inlet speed for the pilot valve.

In the third embodiment and/or the fourth embodiment of the bidirectional flow control mechanism, the bidirectional flow control mechanism is different from the check valve (one of the check valves) in the prior art in that: the cover plate is provided with a vent hole. The check valve is one of the check valves, i.e., the check valve can only provide a one-way flow function. In this scheme, set up an air vent on the apron, not only reached the function of two-way flow, more importantly effect: the aperture of the vent hole is far smaller than that of the closed end, the over-current of the vent hole is small, and the excess of the closed end is large. That is, the bi-directional flow rates may be different.

Pilot valve embodiment III

As shown in FIG. 7, a pilot valve includes a valve body. A diaphragm 11b is arranged in the valve body, which diaphragm 11b divides a first volume 12 and a second volume 13 in the valve body. The cartridge includes a stem 21 and a sealing block 22. The end of the valve stem 21 remote from the sealing block 22 is connected to the membrane 11b, and the sealing block 22 is used for switching the pilot valve flow passage. In this embodiment, the valve rod 21 is connected to the center of the diaphragm 11b, which is beneficial to the balance of the acting force, and the elastic sheet drives the valve plug more stably, thereby reducing the loss of the acting force. The diaphragm used in the negative pressure valve is usually made of non-metallic materials, such as: rubber, plastic, because they do not have the function of automatic return, it is usually necessary to arrange a spring in the pilot valve to assist its return. The spring 14 is arranged in the second chamber 13 of the pilot valve in connection with the valve stem 21, and normally the pressure plate 15 between the membrane 11b and the spring 14 is more favourable for stabilization during deformation of the spring 14. The pilot valve is also provided with a pilot pressure port P1, the pilot pressure port P1 is communicated with the first cavity 12, and external air pressure is introduced into the first cavity 12 through the pilot pressure port. When the air pressure in the first cavity 12 increases to a set value, the diaphragm 11b deforms toward the second cavity 13 under the action of the air pressure, and drives the valve core to move toward the second cavity, and at this time, the spring 14 is compressed. When the air pressure of the first cavity is reduced to a set value, the spring 14 is reset, the spring 14 pushes the valve core to move towards the direction of the first cavity, and the diaphragm 11b recovers the shape under the action of the valve core. The forward and reverse movement of the valve core of the pilot valve can realize the switching of the flow passage in the pilot valve. The pilot valve also includes a bi-directional flow control mechanism. The bidirectional flow control mechanism 31A communicates with the second chamber 13. During the process of increasing the air pressure in the first chamber 13, the second chamber 13 is rapidly exhausted to the outside through the bidirectional flow control mechanism. When the gas pressure in the first chamber 12 decreases and falls below the set value, the second chamber 13 is slowly charged by the bi-directional flow control mechanism. In this pilot valve embodiment, the bidirectional flow control mechanism takes the form of the first embodiment.

It should be added that, in the third embodiment, the "forward direction" of the "forward movement" refers to a direction from the first cavity to the second cavity, and the "reverse direction" of the "reverse movement" refers to a direction from the second cavity to the first cavity.

Pilot valve embodiment four

As shown in fig. 8, the valve spool of the pilot valve is driven by a diaphragm 11b and a spring 14. In this embodiment, the two-way flow control mechanism is composed of a check valve 32 and a throttle valve 33. The check valve 32 is communicated with the second cavity of the pilot valve for one-way exhaust; the throttle valve 33 communicates with the second chamber to adjust the intake air amount. In this embodiment, one skilled in the art could select a prior art check valve and a prior art throttle valve. The check valve 32 illustrated in fig. 8 is a prior art one, and is different from the third embodiment (shown in fig. 5) of the bidirectional flow control mechanism of the present application in that the check valve 32 in the prior art cannot be provided with a vent hole in the cover plate in order to ensure unidirectional flow. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the throttle valve 33 and the check valve 32 form a two-way flow control mechanism, wherein the throttle valve 33 can adjust the amount of intake air to the second volume to a very small level, such that the pilot valve exhausts at a much greater rate than the rate of intake air.

Pilot valve embodiment five

As shown in fig. 9, the valve core driving mechanism of the pilot valve is realized by combining a diaphragm and a second spring in the third embodiment of the pilot valve, the fourth embodiment of the pilot valve and the fifth embodiment of the pilot valve. Based on this, an adjusting mechanism can be added to the pilot valve to adjust the pretension of the second spring. Under operating conditions, different liquid level differences may need to be set as control signals for driving the pilot valve to act, for example, a well with a large water inflow, and in order to accelerate water pumping, a small liquid level difference is needed to trigger vacuum water pumping, so that the situation that the liquid level in the well is too high due to untimely vacuum water pumping can be prevented. And the well with small water inflow needs a little larger liquid level difference to trigger vacuum water pumping, so that the opening frequency of the vacuum valve is reduced. The pilot valve is provided with an adjusting screw 41, the adjusting screw adjusts the pretightening force of the second spring 14 of the pilot valve through an adjusting block 42, when the pretightening force of the spring 14 of the pilot valve is adjusted to be larger, a larger liquid level difference in a well is needed to form a larger air pressure to overcome the pretightening force, and vice versa. Therefore, the liquid level difference required by opening can be flexibly adjusted within a certain range through an adjusting screw for adjusting the pretightening force of the spring.

For a more complete and convenient understanding of the present invention, one implementation of a vacuum valve is illustrated in FIG. 10 and described below in conjunction with FIG. 10.

As shown in fig. 10, the vacuum valve includes a main valve and a pilot valve. The pilot valve communicates with the main valve through a fitting 51. The diaphragm 02 divides the valve body of the main valve into a negative pressure chamber 011 and an atmospheric chamber 012. The valve core of the main valve comprises a spacer 03, a driving rod 04 and a sealing block 05. The partition 03 further partitions the valve body of the main valve into the water outlet chamber 013, so that the atmospheric chamber 012 is isolated from the water outlet chamber 013. A water outlet 08 and a water suction port 09 are also arranged on one side of the main valve where the water outlet cavity is positioned. The driving rod 04 is connected with the center of the membrane 03, and the sealing block 05 is matched with the water outlet 08. A third spring 06 is arranged in the negative pressure chamber 011, the third spring 06 being connected with the drive rod 04. The valve core of the main valve can be communicated with or cut off the water outlet 08 and the water suction port 09 through the sealing block 05. When the sealing block 05 of the main valve is sealed with the water outlet 08, the water outlet 08 is blocked from the water suction port 09; when the sealing block 05 of the main valve is unsealed from the water outlet, the water outlet 08 is communicated with the water suction port 09, so that water pumping is realized.

The working principle is as follows: the pilot valve pilot port P1 communicates through the gas line 61 with the pneumatic conduit 010. When the liquid level in the well reaches a certain height, the liquid level difference between the inside and the outside of the air pressure conduit 010 causes the air pressure in the air pressure conduit to have a certain air pressure. The air pressure is transmitted to a first cavity of the pilot valve through a pilot pressure port P1 of the pilot valve, the air pressure of the first cavity of the pilot valve is increased, so that a deformation piece of the pilot valve is deformed and a valve core of the pilot valve is driven to act, the pilot valve enables a negative pressure air inlet P3 to be communicated with a negative pressure cavity 011 of a main valve, a negative pressure air inlet P3 of the pilot valve is communicated with vacuumized equipment through an air pipe 63, a gas-liquid separator 07 is further arranged in the vacuumized equipment, and the gas-liquid separator 07 is used for purifying vacuum. The exhaust port P2 of the pilot valve communicates with the atmosphere chamber 012 of the main valve through the gas pipe 62, and the middle section of the gas pipe 62 communicates with the atmosphere through a three-way valve. The atmosphere chamber 012 of the main valve communicates with the water outlet chamber 013 of the main valve through the air tube 64. Thus, when the pilot valve causes the negative pressure inlet port P3 to communicate with the negative pressure chamber 011 of the main valve, the vacuuming device draws vacuum to the negative pressure chamber 011, and the atmosphere chamber 012 of the main valve communicates with the atmosphere, so that the air pressure of the negative pressure chamber 011 is lower than the atmosphere chamber 012, and the valve body of the main valve is operated, the sealing block 05 of the main valve releases the seal to the water outlet 08, and water in the well flows from the water suction port 09 to the water outlet 08 and is pumped away. When the liquid level in the well drops and the air pressure of the first containing cavity of the pilot valve is reduced, the pilot valve core moves reversely, the pilot valve enables the negative pressure air inlet P3 to be blocked from the negative pressure cavity 011 of the main valve, the air outlet P2 of the pilot valve is communicated with the negative pressure cavity 011 of the main valve, and the air outlet P2 of the pilot valve is always communicated with the atmosphere, therefore, after the air pressure of the negative pressure cavity 011 is balanced with the air pressure of the atmosphere cavity 012, the valve core of the main valve acts, the sealing block 05 of the main valve is sealed on the water outlet 08, and the passage of well water from the water suction port 09 to the water outlet 08 is cut off. The state switching of the vacuum valve is only related to the liquid level in the well. During the water pumping process of the vacuum valve, the liquid level can drop, and when the liquid level drops to a set value, the vacuum valve stops working; when the liquid level continues to rise to the set value, the vacuum valve continues to operate. The flow rate of sewage is likely to fluctuate, even in a short period of time, in the same well, with large fluctuations. In the scheme of the application, when the liquid level changes greatly and the liquid level reaches a set value, the pilot valve of the vacuum valve can be switched to be in a state fast, so that the main valve can establish a negative pressure state fast, water is pumped fast, and water is prevented from overflowing out of a well. When the liquid level change is small and the liquid level is lower than the set value, the pilot valve of the vacuum valve delays the switching state, so that the negative pressure state of the main valve is maintained, water can be pumped continuously when the liquid level in the well is lower than the set value, the liquid level of the well can reach the set value again before the pilot valve is not switched, the state of the pilot valve is maintained continuously, and the vacuum valve is prevented from being opened and closed frequently in a short time period.

In the implementation form of the vacuum valve, the main valve of the vacuum valve may also be in other implementation forms, for example: a piston type. This application is not further enumerated. Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to examples, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications, equivalents and rearrangements of the technical solutions of the present invention can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications and rearrangements are intended to be covered by the following claims.

Claims

1. A pilot valve, comprising:

the valve body is provided with a pressure guide port;

the deformation piece is arranged in the valve body and divides the valve body into a first containing cavity and a second containing cavity, the first containing cavity and the second containing cavity are positioned at two sides of the deformation piece, and the pressure guide port is connected with the first containing cavity and used for inputting air pressure to the first containing cavity;

the valve core is arranged in the valve body, is positioned on one side of the first containing cavity and is connected with the deformation piece;

the bidirectional flow control mechanism is communicated with the second cavity; when the air pressure in the first cavity reaches a preset value, the deformation piece deforms to drive the valve core to move in the forward direction, and the second cavity exhausts air at a first speed through the bidirectional flow control mechanism; when the air pressure in the first cavity is lower than a preset value, the shape of the deformation piece is restored to drive the valve core to move reversely, and the second cavity is used for air inflow at a second speed through the bidirectional flow control mechanism; the first speed is greater than the second speed.

2. The pilot valve of claim 1, wherein said bidirectional flow control mechanism comprises:

the air inlet is communicated with the second cavity;

an air outlet communicated with the atmosphere;

the seal is positioned between the air inlet and the air outlet and is provided with a conical surface;

the end socket is adapted to the conical surface of the seal; when the second cavity is exhausted, the seal head is far away from the seal, and the overflow of the seal is increased; when the second cavity of the pilot valve is used for air inlet, the seal head is close to the seal, and the overflow quantity at the seal is reduced.

3. The pilot valve of claim 2, wherein: the seal head is a sphere or a cone.

4. The pilot valve of claim 1, wherein said bidirectional flow control mechanism comprises:

the air inlet is communicated with the second cavity;

a closed end distal from the air inlet;

the cover plate is connected to the closed end and is provided with a vent hole; when the second cavity is exhausted, the cover plate opens the closed end, and the air inlet is communicated with the atmosphere through the closed end; when the second cavity is used for air inlet, the cover plate closes the closed end, and the air inlet is communicated with the atmosphere through the vent hole.

5. The pilot valve of claim 4, wherein: the cover plate is rotatably connected with the closed end, the cover plate can rotate relative to a connection point of the cover plate and the closed end, and the closed end is provided with a conical opening.

6. The pilot valve of claim 4, wherein: the cover plate is movably connected with the closed end, the closed end is provided with a fixed cavity, the fixed cavity is communicated with the second containing cavity, and a first reset piece connected with the cover plate is arranged in the fixed cavity.

7. The pilot valve of claim 1, wherein: the deformation piece is a spring piece.

8. The pilot valve of claim 1, wherein: the deformation piece is a membrane, and the pilot valve further comprises a second resetting piece; the second reset piece is arranged in the valve body and connected with the valve core, and the second reset piece is located on one side of the position of the second containing cavity.

9. The pilot valve of claim 8, wherein: the pilot valve also comprises an adjusting mechanism, and the adjusting mechanism is connected with the second resetting piece and used for resetting and adjusting the second resetting piece.

10. Vacuum valve, including main valve and pilot valve, its characterized in that: the pilot valve is as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.