CN114688231A

CN114688231A - Joint, mechanical arm, robot and harmonic reducer device thereof

Info

Publication number: CN114688231A
Application number: CN202210237142.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王重彬; 胡万权; 叶伟智; 刘主福; 刘培超
Original assignee: Shenzhen Yuejiang Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Shenzhen Yuejiang Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-09-30
Filing date: 2021-09-30
Publication date: 2022-07-01
Also published as: CN113606313B; WO2023050846A1; CN114688230A; CN113606313A

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of robots, and provides a robot, a mechanical arm, a joint and a harmonic reducer device thereof, which comprises a cup-shaped flexible gear, a rigid gear meshed with the flexible gear, a wave generator, an end cover and an output bearing, wherein the wave generator comprises a sleeve for power input, a wave generator main body which is arranged on the sleeve and enables the flexible gear to radially deform under the rotation of the sleeve so as to change the meshing position of the flexible gear and the rigid gear, the wave generator main body further comprises the first stopping structure and the second stopping structure which are oppositely arranged, the first stopping structure stops the sleeve, and the first stopping structure adopts a non-bearing structure and is sleeved on the sleeve. The invention breaks through the use that the bearing is abandoned conventionally, and changes the axial size into the first stop structure with the axial size smaller than that of the conventional bearing, and under the condition that the radial size of the rigid wheel is not changed, the requirement of more miniaturization of the harmonic reducer device is achieved by directly changing the axial size of the harmonic reducer device, and the market requirement is met.

Description

Joint, mechanical arm, robot and harmonic reducer device thereof

The application is a divisional application of Chinese patent application named as 'joint, mechanical arm, robot and harmonic reducer device thereof', with patent application number 202111160367.6, application date 2021, 9 and 30.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of robots, in particular to a joint, a mechanical arm, a robot and a harmonic reducer device thereof.

Background

The robot generally comprises a mechanical arm and a joint for rotating the mechanical arm, wherein a harmonic reducer is used for speed regulation at the joint. The harmonic reducer consists of three main components, which are respectively a fixed rigid gear, a flexible gear and a wave generator for radially deforming the flexible gear. The inner wheel is provided with an inner gear, the flexible gear is an easily-deformed thin-wall cylindrical outer gear, power is transmitted through the meshing of the inner gear and the outer gear, under the action of a wave generator, gaps between the teeth of the rigid gear and the flexible gear are uniform, at the moment, no speed reduction power is transmitted, under the action of the wave generator, a generator arranged in the flexible gear enables the flexible gear to be radially deformed into an ellipse, at the moment, the teeth are meshed along the whole working height on the long axis of the ellipse, radial gaps are formed between tooth tops on the short axis, and the shape of the flexible gear is always close to the ellipse in the rotating process of the generator, so that speed reduction transmission is realized.

The harmonic reducer has the advantages of high bearing capacity, large transmission ratio, small volume, stable transmission and high transmission precision, and is widely applied to the industries of electronics, aerospace, robots and the like.

Referring to fig. 1, a flexible gear 10 includes a cylinder 11 and an annular fixed table 12 that is perpendicular to an axis of the cylinder 11 and is folded outward, a central cavity (not shown) that extends along the axis direction and completely penetrates through a core of the cylinder 11 is formed in a core of the cylinder 11, and an annular gear belt 13 that extends along the axis direction and is distributed by a single gear in an annular array is disposed on an outer circumferential surface of the cylinder 11. When the size of the cylinder 11 of the flexspline is determined, the size of the harmonic reducer 100 cannot be further reduced in the space region occupied by the annular mount 12 due to the presence of the outwardly folded annular mount 12.

In the scientific research and development process for many years, scientific researchers invented a cup-shaped flexible gear and apply it to a harmonic reducer, please refer to fig. 2, the flexible gear 10a includes an annular rotary body 11a and an annular fixed table 12a which is perpendicular to the axis of the annular rotary body 11a and is turned inwards, since the hat-shaped flexible gear 10 is replaced by the cup-shaped flexible gear 10a, the space area occupied by the outward turned fixed table 12 of the hat-shaped flexible gear 10 is reduced, the harmonic reducer 100a has a smaller size, the size of the robot joint using the harmonic reducer 100a is also smaller, and the whole robot is small and exquisite.

However, with the enthusiasm of people on robots, the demand for miniaturization of robots is higher, the miniaturization is mainly embodied in joint parts, smaller harmonic reducers are hot spots in the market, and over the past years, no more miniaturized products are available in the market.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the invention aims to provide a harmonic reducer device to solve the technical problem that the size of the conventional harmonic reducer device cannot meet the requirement of people on miniaturization.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the utility model provides a harmonic speed reducer device, it includes cupped flexbile gear, rigid gear and wave generator engaged with the flexbile gear, the wave generator is including supplying power input's sleeve and set up on the sleeve and make the flexbile gear take place radial deformation under telescopic rotation in order to change the wave generator main part of flexbile gear and rigid gear meshing position, harmonic speed reducer device is still including the end cover and the output bearing of relative setting, harmonic speed reducer device still includes and carries out first backstop structure and the second backstop structure of backstop to the sleeve, first backstop structure adopts non-bearing structure and overlaps to locate on the sleeve.

In one embodiment, a gap is formed between the sleeve and the end cap, and the first stop structure seals the gap.

In one embodiment, the axial dimension of the first stop structure is less than the difference between the inner and outer diameters of the first stop structure.

In one embodiment, the first stop structure and the second stop structure provide axial bi-directional stops for the sleeve.

In one embodiment, the outer annular surface of the sleeve is formed with a first step, the outer side surface of the end cap is formed with a shroud, and the first stop structure is disposed between the first step and the shroud.

In one embodiment, the first stopping structure includes a stopping member sleeved on the sleeve and rotating along with the rotation of the sleeve, and a sealing member rotating relative to the stopping member, the sealing member is fixedly connected with the end cover, the stopping member abuts against the first step, and the sealing member abuts against the enclosing plate.

In one embodiment, a sealing structure is formed between the stop member and the sealing member, the sealing structure comprises an annular groove and a convex ring inserted into the annular groove, one of the stop member and the sealing member is provided with the annular groove, and the other of the stop member and the sealing member is provided with the convex ring in a protruding mode.

In one embodiment, at least one of the stopper and the seal is sheet-like.

In one embodiment, the first stopping structure comprises a stopping part sleeved on the sleeve and rotating along with the rotation of the sleeve and a sealing part connected with the stopping part; the inner side surface of one end of the stop piece is abutted against the first step, and the outer side surface of one end of the sealing piece is abutted against the coaming.

In one embodiment, the seal and the shroud are in constant contact as the seal rotates, forming a seal at the contact between the seal and the shroud.

In one embodiment, the stopper member includes a fixing portion having a U-shaped cross section, an extending portion extending away from the sleeve direction from a side of the fixing portion close to the wave generator main body, and an inclined portion extending away from the sleeve direction and inclined toward the skirt from a side edge of the extending portion away from the sleeve, and the sealing member includes a stopper portion fixed in the fixing portion and a contact portion extending inclined toward the skirt from a side of the stopper portion away from the sleeve and close to the skirt, the contact portion being in contact with the skirt.

In one embodiment, the outer side surface of the end cap is formed with a shroud, the first stop structure includes a connecting ring connected to a side of the shroud adjacent to the sleeve, and a sealing structure is formed between the connecting ring and the outer annular surface of the sleeve.

In one embodiment, the connecting ring is in surface contact with the outer annular surface of the sleeve, and the sealing structure is at least one annular groove formed in the contact surface between the connecting ring and the sleeve.

In one embodiment, the end cap includes a body with a rigid wheel secured between an inner end face of the body and an outer race of the output bearing, and a shroud connected to and integral with an outer edge of the body.

In one embodiment, the second stop formation is a stop bearing, and the power take-off of the wave generator at least partially overlaps the projection of the stop bearing on the axis of the sleeve.

In one embodiment, the projected overlap ratio of the power output end of the wave generator and the stop bearing on the axis of the sleeve is in the range of 0.1-1.

In one embodiment, the projected overlap ratio of the power output end of the wave generator and the stop bearing on the axis of the sleeve is in the range of 0.5-0.9.

In one embodiment, the second stop structure is a stop bearing, and the harmonic reducer apparatus further includes an output shaft fixedly connected to an inner race of the output bearing, the stop bearing being located between the output shaft and the sleeve.

In one embodiment, the outer ring surface of the output shaft is convexly provided with a mounting part, and the mounting part and the cup bottom part of the flexible gear are fixed on the inner ring of the output bearing together.

In one embodiment, the inner annular surface of the sleeve is provided with a second step; one side of the stop bearing abuts against the second step, the other side of the stop bearing indirectly abuts against the bottom of the flexible gear, and the outer ring of the stop bearing abuts against the second step.

In one embodiment, the harmonic reducer device further comprises an output shaft fixedly connected with the inner ring of the output bearing, and another end cover positioned outside the output bearing, wherein the other end cover is connected with the inner ring of the output bearing.

In one embodiment, the other end cover and the output shaft are two independent parts, and a wire harness structure is arranged between the other end cover and the output shaft.

In one embodiment, the output bearing is a self-sealing bearing.

In one embodiment, the wave generator body includes a rotation arm formed on the sleeve and rollers mounted at opposite ends of the rotation arm; or, the wave generator body comprises a cam formed on the sleeve and a flexible bearing connected to the cam; alternatively, the wave generator body comprises an elliptical disc formed on the sleeve and a flexible bearing attached to the elliptical disc.

An object of an embodiment of the present invention is to provide a joint, which includes the harmonic reducer device in the above embodiment and a driving motor for inputting power to the sleeve.

In one embodiment, the joint further comprises another bearing sleeved on the sleeve and a mounting part for limiting the other bearing, an accommodating space is formed between the stator and the rotor of the motor, and the other bearing is located in the accommodating space.

In one embodiment, the mounting member includes a plate body and a limiting ring connected to one side of the plate body, the limiting ring and the sleeve radially limit the other bearing, the outer circumferential surface of the sleeve is formed with a third step, and the third step and the plate body axially limit the other bearing.

An object of an embodiment of the present invention is to further provide a robot arm, which includes the joint in the above embodiment.

An object of an embodiment of the present invention is to further provide a robot, which includes the mechanical arm in the above embodiment.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

the harmonic reducer device in the embodiment breaks through the conventional structure, the first stop structure does not adopt a bearing structure, and the first stop structure with the axial size smaller than that of the conventional bearing providing the axial limiting function is adopted to replace the conventional bearing, so that innovative breakthrough is achieved in the aspect of reducing the axial size. Because the existing bearing needs to add balls between the inner ring and the outer ring, in order to ensure that the balls can safely and reliably run between the inner ring and the outer ring, the axial sizes of the inner ring and the outer ring cannot be made to be very small, the bearing is directly broken through the use of abandoning the bearing conventionally, and the axial size is changed into a first stop structure with the axial size smaller than that of the conventional bearing, under the condition that the radial size of a rigid wheel is not changed, the requirement of more miniaturization of a harmonic reducer device is met by directly changing the axial size of the harmonic reducer device, and the market demand is met.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without inventive exercise.

Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a harmonic reducer using a silk hat type flexspline.

Fig. 2 is a schematic sectional view of a harmonic reducer using a cup-type flexspline.

Fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a robot according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic plan view of the robot shown in fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is an assembly view of one of the joints of the robot shown in fig. 4.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the joint of FIG. 5 taken along line A-A, wherein the harmonic reducer assembly of the first embodiment is applied to the joint.

Fig. 7 shows a comparison of the harmonic reducer assembly provided by the first embodiment of the present invention with the harmonic reducer of fig. 2 in axial dimension.

Figure 8 is an enlarged view of a portion of the joint of figure 5.

Fig. 9 is an enlarged view of fig. 8 at circle B.

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the joint of FIG. 5 taken along line A-A, wherein a harmonic reducer assembly of the second embodiment is applied to the joint.

Fig. 11 is an enlarged view of the joint of fig. 10 at circle C.

FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the joint of FIG. 5 taken along line A-A, wherein a third embodiment harmonic reducer assembly is applied to the joint.

Fig. 13 is an enlarged view of the joint of fig. 12 at circle D.

Fig. 14 shows a comparison of the harmonic reducer apparatus provided by the third embodiment of the present invention with the harmonic reducer of fig. 2 in axial dimension.

FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view of the joint of FIG. 5 taken along line A-A, wherein a harmonic reducer assembly of the fourth embodiment is applied to the joint.

FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view of the joint of FIG. 5 taken along line A-A, wherein a fifth embodiment harmonic reducer assembly is applied to the joint.

FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view of the joint of FIG. 5 taken along line A-A, wherein a sixth embodiment harmonic reducer assembly is applied to the joint.

FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view of the joint of FIG. 5 taken along line A-A, wherein a harmonic reducer assembly of the seventh embodiment is applied to the joint.

FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view of the joint of FIG. 5 taken along line A-A, wherein the harmonic reducer assembly of the eighth embodiment is applied to the joint.

FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view of the joint of FIG. 5 taken along line A-A, wherein a ninth embodiment harmonic reducer assembly is applied to the joint.

FIG. 21 is a cross-sectional view of the joint of FIG. 5 taken along line A-A, wherein a tenth embodiment harmonic reducer assembly is applied to the joint.

FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional view of the joint of FIG. 5 taken along line A-A, wherein the harmonic reducer assembly of the eleventh embodiment is applied to the joint.

FIG. 23 is a cross-sectional view of the joint of FIG. 5 taken along line A-A, wherein a twelfth embodiment harmonic reducer assembly is applied to the joint.

The reference numbers are specified as follows:

10. a flexible gear; 11. a cylinder; 12. a fixed table; 13. a cogged belt; 100. a harmonic reducer;

10a, a flexible gear; 11a, a rotator; 12a, a fixed table; 100a, harmonic reducers; 20a, a wave generator; 21a, a sleeve; 22a, a roller; 30a, a first positioning bearing; 40a, a second positioning bearing; 50a, a first end cap; 60a, a rigid wheel; 70a, roller bearings; 51a, a connecting flange; 71a, an outer ring of the roller bearing 70 a; 80a, an output shaft; 52a, a fixing plate; 81a, a gasket; 82a, a radial connection; 83a, an axial ring portion; 93a, a second end cap; 95a and the inner side of the second end cover 93a are provided with oil seals;

200. a robot; 203. a base; 201. a mechanical arm; 202. an arm body; 204. a joint; 9. a motor; 100b, a harmonic reducer device; 10b, a flexible gear; 60b, a rigid wheel; 20b, a wave generator; 21b, a sleeve; 22b, a wave generator body; 90b, end caps; 70b, an output bearing; 30b, a first stop structure; 40b, a second stop structure; 40b, a stopper bearing; 91b, a coaming; 92b, end cap 90 b; 61b, a first fixing member; 80b, an output shaft; 81b, a gasket; 82b, a mounting part; 93b, the other end cover; 1b, a wire harness structure; 95b and the output bearing 70b are provided with oil seals; 209. a housing of the brake 205; 208. a limiting ring; 207. a plate body; 206. a mounting member; 205. a brake; 92. a stator; 91. a rotor; 101. another bearing; 11b, a ring portion; 12b, a cup bottom; 14b, an accommodating space; 23b, a first step; 24b, a second step; 72b, inner race of output bearing 70 b; 31b, a stopper; 32b, a seal; 33b, a sealing structure; 34b, a ring groove; 35b, a convex ring; 36b, groove wall surfaces; 37b, the groove bottom surface; 38b, corners; 94b, a connecting part; 101b, a pipe body; 102b, an expansion part; 103b, a cable; 2b, the outer periphery of the mount 206; 94. a housing of the motor 9; 93. an accommodating space; 95. an elastic member; 27b, a third step; 25b, an elliptical disk; 26b, a flexible bearing; 73b, a containing groove;

100c, a harmonic reducer device; 21c, a sleeve; 30c, a first stop structure; 31c, a stopper; 32c, a seal; 23c, a first step; 91c, a coaming; 22c, a wave generator body; 301c, a fixing portion; 302c, an extension; 303c, an inclined portion; 320c, a stop portion; 321c, a contact portion;

100d, a harmonic reducer device; 21d, a sleeve; 30d, a first stop structure; 90d, end covers; 91d, enclosing plates; 92d, a connecting ring; 33d, a sealing structure; 34d, a ring groove; 36d, groove wall surfaces; 37d, the bottom surface of the groove; 38d, corners; 9d, a motor; 921d, stator; 911d, rotor; 93d, an accommodating space;

100e, a harmonic reducer device; 93e, the other end cover; 80e, an output shaft; 70e, an output bearing; 72e, an inner race of the output bearing 70 e; 10e, a flexible gear; 12e, the bottom of the cup;

100f, a harmonic reducer device; 93f, the other end cover; 80f, an output shaft; 70f, an output bearing; 72f, inner race of output bearing 70 f; 10f, a flexible gear; 12f, a cup bottom;

100g, harmonic reducer device; 93g, the other end cover; 80g, an output shaft; 70g, an output bearing; 72g, inner ring of output bearing 70 g; 10g, flexible gear; 12g, the bottom of the cup;

100h, a harmonic reducer device; 40h, a second stop structure; 21h, a sleeve; 20h, a wave generator; 81h, a gasket; 82h, a radial connecting part; 83h, an axial ring part; 10h, flexible gears; 12h, the bottom of the cup; 24h, a second step;

100i, a harmonic reducer device; 100k, harmonic reducer device; 100m, harmonic reducer device; 100n, harmonic reducer devices; 100p, harmonic reducer device; 40i and a second stop structure; 40k, a second stop structure; 93m and the other end cover; 93n, the other end cover; 93p, the other end cap; 21i, a sleeve; 21k, a sleeve; 80m, an output shaft; 80n, an output shaft; 80p, an output shaft; 20i, a wave generator; 20k, a wave generator; 70m, output bearing; 70n, an output bearing; 70p, output bearing; 81i, a gasket; 81k, a gasket; 72m, inner ring; 72n, inner ring; 72p, inner ring; 82i, a radial connection; 82k, radial connection; 10m, flexible gear; 10n, a flexible gear; 10p, a flexible gear; 83i, an axial ring portion; 83k, an axial ring portion; 12m, the bottom of the cup; 12n, the bottom of the cup; 12p, the bottom of the cup; 10i, a flexible gear; 10k, a flexible gear; 12i, a cup bottom; 12k, the bottom of the cup; 24i, a second step; 24k, second step.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships illustrated in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or to implicitly indicate the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those of ordinary skill in the art.

With the enthusiasm of people on robots, the requirement on the miniaturization of the robots is higher, the miniaturization is mainly embodied in joint parts, smaller harmonic reducers are hot spots in the market, and over the past years, no more miniaturized product is available in the market. Referring to fig. 2 again, the cup-shaped flexspline 10a is applied to a harmonic reducer to achieve the purpose of reducing the size of the harmonic reducer, and simultaneously, the sleeve 21a of the wave generator 20a is provided with a first positioning bearing 30a and a second positioning bearing 40a respectively corresponding to the inner end and the outer end of the roller 22a to realize the axial positioning of the sleeve 21a, and the structural schemes of the cup-shaped flexspline 10a, the sleeve 21a, the first positioning bearing 30a and the second positioning bearing 40a shown in fig. 2 are currently preferred alternatives, and in the process of developing towards a smaller harmonic reducer, researchers have generated a fixed thinking and will not change the structural schemes of the cup-shaped flexspline 10a, the sleeve 21a, the first positioning bearing 30a and the second positioning bearing 40a shown in fig. 2, but make efforts towards other directions, for example:

1. the first end cap 50a is modified so that no innovation can be made in the size of the first end cap 50 a;

2. the rigid wheel 60a is improved, and innovation cannot be made on the size of the rigid wheel 60 a;

3. the flexible gear 10a is improved, and innovation cannot be made on the size of the flexible gear 10 a;

4. the roller bearing 70a is improved, and innovations cannot be made from the size of the roller bearing 70a, and so on.

However, many years of effort by researchers in the industry have not resulted in good results. Specifically, regarding point 1, the first end cover 50a has to satisfy the fixed connection strength of the connection flange 51a, the rigid wheel 60a and the outer ring 71a of the roller bearing 70a, and also leave a receiving space for the first positioning bearing 30a, which is difficult to break through; for the point 2 and the point 3, the harmonic reducer 100a adjusts the rotation speed through the change of the meshing position of the rigid gear 60a and the flexible gear 10a, after a certain rotation speed ratio is determined, the parameters of the meshing teeth of the flexible gear 10a and the rigid gear 60a are fixed, and are limited by the existing gear processing level, and it is difficult to achieve the same rotation speed ratio through smaller meshing teeth, so the purpose of reducing the volume through adjusting the radial size of the flexible gear 10a and the rigid gear 60a is difficult to achieve, in addition, the power transmission is achieved through the meshing of the flexible gear 10a and the rigid gear 60a, the structural strength of the flexible gear 10a and the rigid gear 60a reaches the standard, and the breakthrough from the axial size of the flexible gear 10a and the rigid gear 60a is difficult; as for the point 4, the roller bearing 70a is a direct component for transmitting power to the output shaft 80a, and the structural strength thereof also needs to be satisfied, and there is no substantial breakthrough in the size of the roller bearing 70 a.

So for many years no more miniaturized product has appeared on the market. However, the applicant also conducts the research of the technology with a huge research and development cost, breaking through the original structural scheme (as shown in fig. 2) of the cup-shaped flexible gear 10a, the sleeve 21a, the first positioning bearing 30a and the second positioning bearing 40a, and innovatively providing a brand-new structural scheme, so that the harmonic reducer 100a is more miniaturized on the basis of the originally smaller scheme. In the case of further miniaturization of the harmonic reducer 100a, the joint to which the harmonic reducer 100a is applied is also further miniaturized, and at the same time, the robot to which the joint is applied is also further miniaturized.

The following describes a specific implementation of the present invention in more detail with reference to specific embodiments:

referring to fig. 3 and 4, an embodiment of the invention provides a robot 200, which includes a base 203 and a robot arm 201 connected to the base 203, wherein the robot arm 201 includes at least two arm bodies 202 and a joint 204 connected between the arm bodies 202, and the movement of the robot arm 201 is realized through the joint 204.

Referring to fig. 5 and fig. 6, the joint 204 includes a motor 9 and a harmonic reducer device 100b connected to the motor 9. Fig. 5 and 6 show a harmonic reducer apparatus 100b provided in a first embodiment of the present invention.

The harmonic reducer device 100b includes a cup-shaped flexible gear 10b, a rigid gear 60b meshing with the flexible gear 10b, and a wave generator 20 b. The wave generator 20b includes a sleeve 21b to which power is input, and a wave generator body 22b that is provided on the sleeve 21b and radially deforms the flexspline 10b under rotation of the sleeve 21b to change a meshing position of the flexspline 10b with the rigid spline 60 b.

The harmonic reducer assembly 100b also includes an end cap 90b and an output bearing 70b disposed in opposition. The harmonic reducer device 100b further includes a first stop structure 30b and a second stop structure 40b that stop the sleeve 21 b. The first stopping structure 30b is a non-bearing structure and is sleeved on the sleeve 21 b.

The axial dimension of the first stop structure 30b is smaller than that of a conventional bearing that provides an axial stop function, e.g., the axial dimension of the first stop structure 30b is smaller than that of the first retaining bearing 30a shown in fig. 2.

The harmonic reducer device 100b in the present embodiment breaks through the conventional structure, and the first stopper structure 30b does not employ a bearing structure, but replaces the conventional bearing with the first stopper structure 30b having a smaller axial dimension than that of the conventional bearing that provides the axial limit function, thereby achieving an innovative break in the reduction of the axial dimension. Because the existing bearing needs to add balls between the inner ring and the outer ring, in order to ensure that the balls can safely and reliably run between the inner ring and the outer ring, the axial sizes of the inner ring and the outer ring cannot be made to be small, the bearing is directly broken through the use of abandoning the bearing conventionally, and the axial size is changed into the first stop structure 30b smaller than that of the conventional bearing, under the condition that the radial size of the rigid wheel 60b is not changed, the requirement of more miniaturization of the harmonic reducer device 100b is met directly by changing the axial size of the harmonic reducer device 100b, and the market requirement is met. It should be noted that the conventional bearing may be the first positioning bearing 30a shown in fig. 2.

Referring to fig. 7, fig. 7 is a comparison diagram of the harmonic reducer device 100b according to the embodiment of the present invention and the harmonic reducer 100a of fig. 2 in the axial dimension, and it can be seen from the comparison diagram that, under the same radial dimension L of the rigid wheel 60b, the axial dimension is significantly reduced, specifically, the distance between the two can be measured by taking the line W as a reference, and taking the element having the function of limiting the left side of the first stopping structure 30b as a starting point (the fixed plate 52a is taken as a starting point for fig. 2, and the left side of the enclosing plate 91b itself is taken as a starting point for fig. 7), and taking the cup bottom 12b of the flexspline 10b as an ending point, and a1 is significantly smaller than a2, and the harmonic reducer device 100b according to the embodiment of the present invention is significantly reduced in the axial dimension compared with the harmonic reducer 100a of fig. 2. In this example, the reduction is specifically 5mm to 13 mm. Preferably, the reduction is 8mm to 10 mm.

Referring again to fig. 5 and 6, a gap (not shown) is formed between the sleeve 21b and the end cap 90 b. The first stop structure 30b seals the gap.

In the present embodiment, the first stop structure 30b and the second stop structure 40b provide axial bi-directional stops for the sleeve 21 b.

The outer circumferential surface of the sleeve 21b is formed with a first step 23 b. A shroud 91b is formed on the outer side surface of the end cap 90 b. The first stop 30b is disposed between the first step 23b and the fence 91 b. The first stopper structure 30b is restricted in its bidirectional movement in the axial direction of the sleeve 21b by the first step 23b and the collar 91 b. In the present embodiment, the first step 23b is formed by reducing the diameter of the sleeve 21b at a position corresponding to the first stopper structure 30b of the sleeve 21 b. In other embodiments, the first step 23b may be formed by increasing the diameter of the sleeve 21b on the right side of the sleeve 21b at a position corresponding to the first stopper structure 30b, where the "right side" refers to the side of the first stopper structure 30b close to the wave generator body 22 b.

In this embodiment, the first stopping structure 30b includes a stopping member 31b sleeved on the sleeve 21b and rotating along with the rotation of the sleeve 21b and a sealing member 32b rotating relative to the stopping member 31b, the sealing member 32b is fixedly connected with the end cover 90b, the stopping member 31b abuts against the first step 23b, and the sealing member 32b abuts against the enclosing plate 91 b. By replacing the bearing structure by two relatively rotating stops 31b and seals 32b, a smaller axial dimension can be achieved without impeding the rotation of the sleeve 21b relative to the end cap 90 b.

The revolute pair between the stopper 31b and the seal 32b is formed at a portion overlapping between the outside of the stopper 31b and the inside of the seal 32 b. Here, the outer side of the stopper 31b refers to a side far from the wave generator body 22b, and the inner side of the seal 32b refers to a side close to the wave generator body 22 b.

The projections of the seal 32b and the stopper 31b in the direction parallel to the axis of the sleeve 21b at least partially overlap. The first stop structure 30b is formed as a revolute pair at the overlapping portion.

The position of the stopper 31b and the sleeve 21b is fixed relatively, so that the stopper 31b rotates with the rotation of the sleeve 21 b. Seal 32b is fixedly attached to end cap 90b such that stop 31b acts as a rotor and seal 32b acts as a stator.

In the present embodiment, the first stopping structure 30b is composed of the stopping member 31b and the sealing member 32b, and the first stopping structure 30b is composed of only two parts, and one less part in terms of the number of parts than the conventional bearing, specifically, the conventional bearing includes an inner ring, an outer ring, and balls disposed between the inner ring and the outer ring, and there are three parts, whereas the first stopping structure 30b in the present invention has only two parts, i.e., the stopping member 31b and the sealing member 32 b. The invention has great breakthrough in reducing material cost caused by reducing parts.

In this embodiment, the axial dimension of the first stop structure 30b is less than the difference between the inner and outer diameters of the first stop structure 30 b. The harmonic reducer device 100b in the present embodiment breaks through the conventional structure, and the first stopper structure 30b does not employ a bearing structure, but replaces the conventional bearing with the first stopper structure 30b having an axial dimension smaller than the difference between the inner diameter and the outer diameter, thereby achieving an innovative break in the reduction of the axial dimension. Because the existing bearing needs to add balls between the inner ring and the outer ring, in order to ensure the balls to safely and reliably run between the inner ring and the outer ring, the axial sizes of the inner ring and the outer ring cannot be made small, and usually, the axial size of the inner ring or the outer ring is equal to the difference between the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the bearing or the axial size of the inner ring or the outer ring is larger than the difference between the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the bearing, wherein the difference between the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the bearing refers to the difference between the diameters of the inner ring and the outer ring or the difference between the diameters of the inner ring and the outer ring. The invention directly breaks through the conventional situation that the use of the bearing is abandoned, and the structure that the axial size is smaller than the difference between the inner diameter and the outer diameter is changed, under the condition that the radial size of the rigid wheel 60b is not changed, the axial size of the harmonic reducer device 100b is directly changed, the requirement of more miniaturization of the harmonic reducer device 100b is met, and the market requirement is met.

In the present embodiment, a seal structure 33b is formed between the stopper 31b and the seal 32b to achieve a sealing function and prevent leakage of the lubricating oil in the cavity of the harmonic reducer device 100 b.

In the present embodiment, the sealing structure 33b includes an annular groove 34b and a protruding ring 35b inserted into the annular groove 34b, one of the stopper 31b and the sealing member 32b is provided with the annular groove 34b, and the other of the stopper 31b and the sealing member 32b is provided with the protruding ring 35b in a protruding manner. By the engagement of the annular groove 34b with the protruding ring 35b, not only the relative rotation between the stopper 31b and the seal 32b is not hindered, but also a sealing function is provided for the rotation pair between the stopper 31b and the seal 32 b. The specific sealing effect is realized by the labyrinth matching surface of the annular groove 34b and the convex ring 35 b.

Referring to fig. 8 and 9, in the present embodiment, at least three mating surfaces of the annular groove 34b and the protruding ring 35b include two groove wall surfaces 36b and a groove bottom surface 37b connecting the two groove wall surfaces 36 b. A corner 38b is formed between the groove bottom surface 37b and each groove wall surface 36 b. The arrangement is such that even if the lubricant oil is going to flow out, the lubricant oil must pass through the two groove wall surfaces 36b, the one groove bottom surface 37b and the two corners 38b, and the long path finally prevents the lubricant oil from flowing out, so as to achieve the purposes of sealing and leakage prevention.

The axial dimension between the stopper 31b and the seal 32b is further reduced by the fitting arrangement of the annular groove 34b and the projecting ring 35 b. Meanwhile, the stopper 31b has a certain supporting function for the sealing member 32b by the engagement of the annular groove 34b and the protruding ring 35b, and of course, the stopper 31b also has a certain supporting function for the end cap 90b by the sealing member 32 b.

The annular groove 34b and the protruding ring 35b are provided in pairs, and may be provided in one pair, two pairs, three or more pairs, or the like. The specific set number of pairs is required to be determined by the radial dimension difference between the end cover 90b and the sleeve 21b and the thickness of the convex ring 35b, where the radial dimension difference between the end cover 90b and the sleeve 21b refers to the radial distance between the end cover 90b and the sleeve 21b, specifically, the radial distance between the main body 92b of the end cover 90b and the sleeve 21 b. In the present embodiment, the ring grooves 34b and the collars 35b are provided in two pairs.

At least one of the stopper 31b and the sealing member 32b is in the form of a sheet. The sheet shape here means that the axial dimension is smaller than the difference between the inner diameter and the outer diameter. In the present embodiment, the stopper 31b and the seal 32b are both in the form of a sheet, the axial dimension of the stopper 31b is smaller than the difference between the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the stopper 31b, and the axial dimension of the seal 32b is smaller than the difference between the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the seal 32 b. In other embodiments, one of the stopper 31b and the sealing member 32b may be provided in a sheet-like structure.

End cap 90b includes a body 92b that secures rigid wheel 60b between the inner end surface of body 92b and the outer race of output bearing 70 b. The inner end surface of the main body 92b referred to herein means the end surface of the main body 92b near the output bearing 70 b. An annular cavity is formed between the inner end surface of the main body 92b and the outer ring of the output bearing 70b, and the rigid wheel 60b is disposed in the annular cavity and sandwiched between the inner end surface of the main body 92b and the outer ring of the output bearing 70 b. The main body 92b, the rigid ring 60b, and the outer race of the output bearing 70b are fixed together by a first fixing member 61 b.

In the present embodiment, the shroud 91b is connected to the outer end edge of the main body 92b and is integral with the main body 92 b. That is, the shroud 91b does not exist as a separate component, but is integrated with the main body 92b of the end cap 90b, so that the number of components can be reduced, the extra processing cost of the shroud 91b as a separate component is reduced, the processing and assembling processes of the shroud 91b as a separate component are also reduced, and the cost of the harmonic reducer apparatus 100b is saved to some extent. Referring to fig. 2 again, the component serving as the enclosing plate 91b is the fixing plate 52a on the outer side of the first end cap 50a, and the fixing plate 52a exists as a separate component in fig. 2, thereby increasing the number of components, increasing the inventory space, increasing the inventory control types of the components, increasing the manufacturing process and the assembling process, and of course, increasing the cost.

In the present embodiment, the flexspline 10b has a cup shape, and includes a ring portion 11b and a cup bottom portion 12b connected to the ring portion 11 b. The cup bottom portion 12b is formed by extending inward from one end edge of the ring portion 11 b. The cup bottom 12b is formed with a through hole (not shown) for the output shaft 80b to pass through. The outer circumferential surface of the ring portion 11b is provided with an external gear (not shown) for meshing with an internal gear (not shown) of the rigid gear 60 b. The ring portion 11b and the cup bottom portion 12b form an accommodating space 14b, and the wave generator main body 22b and the second stopper structure 40b are located in the accommodating space 14 b.

The ring gear 60b has an annular shape, and an internal gear is formed inside the ring gear to mesh with the flexspline 10 b. The flexspline 10b is disposed in the interior cavity of the rigid spline 60 b.

In the present embodiment, the second stop structure 40b is a stop bearing 40b, and the power output end of the wave generator 20b at least partially overlaps the projection of the stop bearing 40b on the axis of the sleeve 21 b. So arranged, the overall axial dimensions of the stop bearing 40b and of the power take-off of the generator are reduced, and with reference again to fig. 2, the power take-off of the generator 20a in the harmonic reducer 100a shown in fig. 2 does not overlap at all with the projection of the second positioning bearing 40a on the axis of the sleeve 21 a. In the present invention, there is an overlap between the power output end of the wave generator 20b and the projection of the stopper bearing 40b on the axis of the sleeve 21b, and the size in the axial direction of the sleeve 21b is smaller. The consistent design scheme in the harmonic reducer is that two

stop bearings

30a and 40a are arranged on two opposite sides of the power output end of the wave generator 20a and are not overlapped as shown in fig. 2, but the invention breaks through the conventional scheme, creatively improves the structural position relationship between the stop bearing 40b and the power output end of the wave generator 20b, enables the projection of the power output end of the wave generator 20b and the stop bearing 40b on the axis of the sleeve 21b to be at least partially overlapped, further reduces the axial dimension of the harmonic reducer device 100b, and further contributes to the miniaturization development of the harmonic reducer device 100 b.

In the present embodiment, the projection overlap ratio of the power output end of the wave generator 20b and the stop bearing 40b on the axis of the sleeve 21b ranges from 0.1 to 1. Specifically, the projection overlap ratio may be 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9. The term "projected overlapping ratio" as used herein means, in a cross section parallel to the axial direction of the sleeve 21b, the definition: a is the axial length of the projection of the stop bearing 40b and the power output end of the wave generator 20b on the axis of the sleeve 21 b; b is the axial length of the stop bearing 40B or the axial length of the power take-off of the wave generator 20B; c is the projection overlap ratio; where C is a/B, i.e., the projection overlap ratio C is equal to the ratio of a to B.

Preferably, the projection overlap ratio of the power output end of the wave generator and the stop bearing on the axis of the sleeve is in the range of 0.5-0.9.

The research and development personnel, under the guidance of the idea of overlapping the power take-off of the wave generator 20b with the projection of the stop bearing 40b on the axis of the sleeve 21b, continuously study and test, sample the finished product, test, and unexpectedly found in a large number of samples that "the overlap ratio of the projection of the power take-off of the wave generator and the stop bearing on the axis of the sleeve is in the range of 0.5-0.9", not only made a greater contribution in the axial dimension, but also well guaranteed in the product reliability.

The inner ring surface of the sleeve 21b is provided with a second step 24 b; one side of the stop bearing 40b abuts against the second step 24b, and the other side indirectly abuts against the cup bottom 12b of the flexible gear 10 b. The second step 24b is formed by increasing the inner diameter of the sleeve 21b at a position corresponding to the second stopper 40b of the sleeve 21 b.

The harmonic reducer apparatus 100b further includes an output shaft 80b fixedly connected to the inner race 72b of the output bearing 70b, with the stopper bearing 40b located between the output shaft 80b and the sleeve 21 b. In designing the harmonic reducer apparatus 100b, the inertial thinking is to arrange the stop bearing 40b at the periphery of the sleeve 21b, and it is not thought to arrange the stop bearing 40b between the sleeve 21b and the output shaft 80b, but the present invention proposes a completely new design idea, in which the stop bearing 40b is directly arranged between the sleeve 21b and the output shaft 80b, and the stop bearing 40b extends below the power output end of the wave generator 20b, and the sleeve 21b is arranged between the stop bearing 40b and the power output end of the wave generator 20 b. The sleeve 21b and the output shaft 80b limit the stop bearing 40b in the radial direction, and other limit structures do not need to be additionally arranged.

The harmonic reducer device 100b further includes a washer 81b disposed between the cup bottom portion 12b of the flexspline 10b and the stopper bearing 40 b. The gasket 81b has a sheet shape. The washer 81b and the second step 24b axially and bidirectionally limit the stopper bearing 40b, and the sleeve 21b and the output shaft 80b radially limit the stopper bearing 40b, whereby the stopper bearing 40b is limited in both the axial direction and the radial direction.

The washer 81b is in the form of a sheet, the washer 81b and the stopper bearing 40b do not overlap in the axial direction of the sleeve 21b, and the washer 81b and the stopper bearing 40b are fitted to the sleeve 21b side by side. Referring to fig. 2 again, the washer 81a in fig. 2 includes a radial connecting portion 82a and an axial ring portion 83a, and the stopper bearing 40b is radially limited by the radial connecting portion 82a, but in the present invention, the washer 81b only needs to be simply in a sheet shape, and does not need the radial connecting portion 82a, so that the structure is simpler, and the assembly is easy.

The outer circumferential surface of the output shaft 80b is provided with a mounting portion 82b in a protruding manner, and the mounting portion 82b is fixed to the inner ring 72b of the output bearing 70b together with the cup bottom portion 12b of the flexspline 10 b. In the axial direction of the sleeve 21b, the stopper bearing 40b, the washer 81b, the cup bottom portion 12b of the flexspline 10b, the mounting portion 82b, and the inner race 72b of the output bearing 70b are closely arranged in this order, and no other component is provided in the middle. The inner race 72b of the output bearing 70b has a receiving groove 73b formed therein, and the mounting portion 82b is mounted in the receiving groove 73 b.

The harmonic reducer device 100b further includes another end cover 93b located outside the output bearing 70b, the other end cover 93b being connected to the inner race 72b of the output bearing 70 b. The outer side of the output bearing 70b here means the side of the output bearing 70b facing away from the rigid wheel 60 b.

The other end cap 93b is a separate member from the output shaft 80 b. A harness structure 1b is provided between one side of the other end cover 93b and the output shaft 80 b. The other end cover 93b and the output shaft 80b are provided as two independent parts, so that the inconvenience of processing and installation caused by the integral structure of the output shaft 80a and the second end cover 93a shown in fig. 2 is reduced, and the cost is reduced, and the wire harness structure 1b can be arranged between the other end cover 93b and the end part of the output shaft 80 b.

The other end cover 93b is provided with a connecting portion 94b protruding from a side close to the output bearing 70b, and the connecting portion 94b extends into the inner race 72b of the output bearing 70b and is close to the end of the output shaft 80 b. In the present embodiment, the harness structure 1b includes a pipe body 101b connected to the inside of the connecting portion 94b, and an elastic expansion portion 102b sleeved outside the pipe body 101 b. The tube 101b is through which the cable 103b passes. One end of the pipe body 101b extends into the output shaft 80b, and the other end is connected to the connecting portion 94 b. The expansion/contraction portion 102b is located between the pipe body 101b and the connection portion 94 b.

In the present embodiment, the wave generator main body 22b includes an elliptical disk 25b formed on the sleeve 21b and a flexible bearing 26b attached to the elliptical disk 25 b. In other embodiments, the wave generator body 22b includes a rotation arm formed on the sleeve 21b and rollers mounted at opposite ends of the rotation arm; alternatively, the wave generator main body 22b includes a cam formed on the sleeve 21b and a flexible bearing 26b connected to the cam.

In this embodiment, the output bearing 70b is a bearing with an oil seal 95b, and it is not necessary to provide the oil seal 95a on the inner side of the second end cover 93a like the harmonic reducer shown in fig. 2, and the oil seal 95a provided on the inner side of the second end cover 93a needs to be customized, which is relatively high in cost.

In summary, the harmonic reducer device 100b of the present invention is reduced in cost by approximately 20% as compared to the harmonic reducer 100a shown in fig. 2. The concrete expression is as follows:

1. the rigid gear 60a and the flexible gear 10a of the harmonic reducer 100a shown in fig. 2 need to be customized, while the harmonic reducer device 100b of the present invention only needs to adopt standard components of the rigid gear 60b and the flexible gear 10b to meet design requirements, thereby reducing customization cost;

2. the roller bearing 70a of the harmonic reducer 100a shown in fig. 2 is a bearing without an oil seal, and the oil seal is customized and designed between the right end cover 93a and the roller bearing 70a, while the output bearing 70b with the oil seal 95b is adopted in the invention, so that no additional design is needed, and the customization cost is reduced;

3. in the harmonic reducer 100a shown in fig. 2, the component functioning as the shroud 91b is the fixing plate 52a outside the first end cap 50a, and this fixing plate 52a exists as a separate component in fig. 2, which inevitably increases the number of components, and also requires an increase in inventory space, an increase in the kind of inventory control of components, and an increase in the number of manufacturing processes and assembling processes, and of course, an increase in cost, whereas in the present invention, the shroud 91b is connected to the outer end edge of the main body 92b and is integrated with the main body 92 b. The surrounding plate 91b does not exist as a separate part, but is integrated with the main body 92b of the end cover 90b, so that the number of parts can be reduced, the additional processing cost of the surrounding plate 91b as the separate part is reduced, the processing procedure and the assembling procedure of the surrounding plate 91b as the separate part are also reduced, and the cost of the harmonic reducer device 100b is saved to a certain extent;

4. in the harmonic reducer 100a shown in fig. 2, the output shaft 80a and the right end cover 93a are integrated, the entire volume of the components is large, and the right end cover 93a and the output shaft 80a are almost perpendicular to each other, which increases the processing cost virtually in terms of the processing difficulty.

The joint 204 further includes a drive motor 9 that inputs power to the sleeve 21 b. The drive motor 9 is provided on one side of the harmonic reducer device 100 b. The joint 204 further includes another bearing 101 sleeved on the sleeve 21b, and the driving motor 9 includes a rotor 91 sleeved on the sleeve 21b and a stator 92 engaged with the rotor 91. The other bearing 101 is located on the side of the rotor remote from the wave generator 20 b. The other bearing 101 is located on the side of the rotor 91 remote from the other end cap 93 b.

The joint 204 further includes a mounting member 206 sleeved on the sleeve 21 b. The mounting member 206 is located on the side of the motor 9 remote from the end cap 90b and serves to retain the other bearing 101.

An accommodating space 93 is formed between the stator 92 and the rotor 91 of the motor 9, and the other bearing 101 is located in the accommodating space 93 and does not occupy the axial space of the joint 204. The mounting member 206 includes a plate body 207 and a retainer ring 208 coupled to one side of the plate body 207. The retainer ring 208 and the sleeve 21b radially retain the other bearing 101. The outer circumferential surface of the sleeve 21b is formed with a third step 27 b. The third step 27b and the plate 207 axially limit the other bearing 101. The limiting ring 208 extends into the accommodating space 93. An elastic member 95 is disposed between the other bearing 101 and the plate 207, and plays a role of shock absorption.

The joint 204 further includes a stopper 205 mounted to the sleeve 21 b. The stopper 205 is located outside the mounting member 206. The mount 206 is located between the brake 205 and the motor 9. The outer peripheral portion 2b of the attachment 206 is interposed between the housing 94 of the motor 9 and the case 209 of the brake 205, thereby fixing the attachment 206.

The mounting member 206 utilizes the original gap between the existing motor and the brake to mount the other bearing 101, and by extending the limiting ring 208 into the accommodating space 93 of the motor 9, the outer peripheral portion 2b of the mounting member 206 is connected between the housing 94 of the motor 9 and the housing 209 of the brake 205 in a staggered manner, so that the axial dimension of the whole joint is not increased.

As described above, the harmonic reducer apparatus 100b is reduced in the axial dimension, and the joint 204 to which the harmonic reducer apparatus 100b is applied is further reduced in size while the harmonic reducer apparatus 100b is required to be further reduced in size without changing the radial dimension of the ring gear 60 b. Further, the robot arm 201 to which such a miniaturized joint is applied is also more miniaturized. The robot 200 using such a robot arm is also more miniaturized.

Referring to fig. 10 and fig. 11, a harmonic reducer apparatus 100c according to a second embodiment of the present invention is substantially the same as the harmonic reducer apparatus 100b according to the first embodiment, except that:

the first stopping structure 30c includes a stopping member 31c sleeved on the sleeve 21c and rotating along with the rotation of the sleeve 21c and a sealing member 32c connected to the stopping member 31 c; one end inner side surface of the stopper 31c abuts against the first step 23c, and one end outer side surface of the sealing member 32c abuts against the enclosing plate 91c, so that the first stopping structure 30c is limited between the first step 23c and the enclosing plate 91 c. The inner side surface here means a side close to the wave generator main body 22c, and the outer side surface means a side far from the wave generator main body 22 c. Here, the one end of the stopper 31c means the one end close to the sleeve 21c, and the one end of the seal 32c means the one end close to the apron 91c and far from the sleeve 21 c.

The first stopper structure 30c is generally sheet-like. The overall axial dimension of the first stop structure 30c is less than the difference between the inner and outer diameters of the first stop structure 30 c. The seal 32c rotates together with the stopper 31c following the sleeve 21 c. A rotation pair is formed between the seal 32c and the apron 91c, and when the sleeve 21c rotates, one end outer edge of the seal 32c contacts with the apron 91c to form the rotation pair. The one end outer edge of the seal 32c is always in contact with the apron 91c when the seal 32c rotates, and a seal structure is formed at the contact portion between the seal 32c and the apron 91 c.

The stopper 31c has a ring shape. The stopper 31c includes a fixing portion 301c having a U-shaped cross section, an extending portion 302c extending away from the sleeve 21c from a side of the fixing portion 301c close to the wave generator main body 22c, and an inclined portion 303c extending obliquely away from the sleeve 21c and toward the shroud 91c from a side edge of the extending portion 302c away from the sleeve 21 c.

The seal 32c is annular. The sealing member 32c includes a stopper portion 320c fixed in the fixing portion 301c, and a contact portion 321c extending obliquely from a side of the stopper portion 320c away from the sleeve 21c and close to the shroud 91c toward the shroud 91 c. The contact portion 321c forms an obtuse angle with the stopper portion 320 c.

The stopper 31c is a rigid member, and the seal 32c is a flexible member. When the first stopping structure 30c rotates along with the sleeve 21c, the contact portion 321c and the enclosing plate 91c are always pressed to be in close contact, so that the limiting effect is achieved, and the sealing effect is also achieved.

Referring to fig. 12 and 13, a harmonic reducer apparatus 100d according to a third embodiment of the present invention is substantially the same as the harmonic reducer apparatus 100b according to the first embodiment, except that:

the first stopping structure 30d sleeved on the sleeve 21d is directly formed on the end cover 90d, and the axial stopping function is not realized by separate parts, so that the number of parts is reduced.

In the third embodiment, the first stop structure 30d is formed directly on the shroud 91 d. The first step is no longer required for spacing. The first stopper 30d includes a connecting ring 92d connected to a side of the surrounding plate 91d adjacent to the sleeve 21d, the connecting ring 92d being in surface contact with an outer circumferential surface of the sleeve 21 d.

A seal structure 33d is formed between the connection ring 92d and the outer circumferential surface of the sleeve 21 d. The sealing structure 33d has a ring groove 34d formed in the contact surface between the connection ring 92d and the sleeve 21 d. The ring groove 34d includes two groove wall surfaces 36d and a groove bottom surface 37d connecting the two groove wall surfaces 36 d. A corner 38d is formed between the groove bottom surface 37d and each groove wall surface 36 d. The arrangement is such that even if the lubricant oil is going to flow out, the lubricant oil must pass through the two groove wall surfaces 36d, the one groove bottom surface 37d and the two corners 38d, and the long path finally prevents the lubricant oil from flowing out, so as to achieve the purposes of sealing and leakage prevention.

The annular groove 34d may be provided in plural numbers, for example, 1, 2, 3, etc., and in the case of reducing the axial dimension, the number of the annular grooves 34d may be set as appropriate.

In the present embodiment, the use of the first positioning bearing 30a of the harmonic reducer 100a shown in fig. 2 is eliminated, and the dimension of the first stopper structure 30d in the axial direction is smaller than the sum of the axial dimensions of the fixing plate 52a of the harmonic reducer 100a shown in fig. 2 and the first positioning bearing 30 a.

In the present embodiment, the connection ring 92d may extend toward the motor 9 d. It is understood that, in order to further reduce the axial dimension, the connection ring 92d may extend into the accommodation space 93d between the stator 921d and the rotor 911d of the motor 9 d.

Referring to fig. 14, fig. 14 is a comparison diagram of the harmonic reducer device 100d according to the third embodiment of the present invention and the harmonic reducer 100a of fig. 2 in the axial dimension, and it can be seen from the diagram that, under the same radial dimension L of the

rigid wheels

60d, 60a, the axial dimension is significantly reduced, specifically, the distance between the two is measured by taking the line W as a reference, and taking the element having the function of limiting the left side of the first stopping structure 30d as a starting point (for fig. 2, the fixed plate 52a as a starting point, for fig. 14, the left side of the first stopping structure 30d itself as a starting point), and taking the cup bottom 12d of the flexible wheel as an end point, and a1 is significantly smaller than a2, and the harmonic reducer device 100d according to the embodiment of the present invention is significantly reduced in the axial dimension compared with the harmonic reducer 100a of fig. 2. In this example, the reduction is specifically 5mm to 13 mm. Preferably, the reduction is 8mm to 10 mm.

In the first, second and third examples, three different solutions of the first stopping structure are provided, and in other embodiments, the first stopping structure may be another supporting structure such as a bushing.

In the present embodiment, the concept of the stopper means a receiving state, and does not necessarily have to be always in a contact state, and may be a stopper when the stopper is received in the moving direction. In other embodiments, the stop may function as a seal and/or a location, meaning a stationary location.

Referring to fig. 15, a harmonic reducer apparatus 100e according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention is substantially the same as the harmonic reducer apparatus 100b according to the first embodiment, except that:

the other end cap 93e is integral with the output shaft 80 e. The mounting portion 82b is not provided on the output shaft 80e, and the receiving groove 73b does not need to be provided in the inner race 72e of the output bearing 70 e. The cup bottom 12e of the flexspline 10e is directly fixed to the inner race 72e of the output bearing 70 e. The mounting portion 82b is not provided between the cup bottom portion 12e of the flexspline 10e and the inner race 72e of the output bearing 70 e. The cup bottom 12e of the flexspline 10e directly contacts the inner race 72e of the output bearing 70 e. The output shaft 80e is fixed to the inner race 72e of the output bearing 70e by fixing the other end cover 93e to the inner race 72e of the output bearing 70 e.

Referring to fig. 16, a harmonic reducer device 100f according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention is substantially the same as the harmonic reducer device 100c according to the second embodiment, and the difference is the same as the harmonic reducer device 100e according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention and the harmonic reducer device 100b according to the first embodiment, that is, the other end cover 93f and the output shaft 80f are integrated. The output shaft 80f is no longer provided with a mounting portion, and the inner race 72f of the output bearing 70f is also not provided with a receiving groove. The cup bottom 12f of the flexspline 10f is directly fixed to the inner race 72f of the output bearing 70 f. No mounting portion is provided between the cup bottom portion 12f of the flexspline 10f and the inner race 72f of the output bearing 70 f. The cup bottom 12f of the flexspline 10f directly contacts the inner race 72f of the output bearing 70 f. The output shaft 80f is fixed to the inner race 72f of the output bearing 70f by fixing the other end cover 93f to the inner race 72f of the output bearing 70 f.

Referring to fig. 17, a harmonic reducer device 100g according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention is substantially the same as the harmonic reducer device 100d according to the third embodiment, and the difference is the same as the harmonic reducer device 100e according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention and the harmonic reducer device 100b according to the first embodiment, that is, the other end cover 93g is integrated with the output shaft 80 g. The output shaft 80g is not provided with a mounting portion, and the inner ring 72g of the output bearing 70g is not provided with a receiving groove. The cup bottom 12g of the flexspline 10g is directly fixed to the inner race 72g of the output bearing 70 g. No mounting portion is provided between the cup bottom portion 12g of the flexspline 10g and the inner ring 72g of the output bearing 70 g. The cup bottom 12g of the flexspline 10g directly contacts the inner race 72g of the output bearing 70 g. The output shaft 80g is fixed to the inner ring 72g of the output bearing 70g by fixing the other end cover 93g to the inner ring 72g of the output bearing 70 g.

Referring to fig. 18, a harmonic reducer apparatus 100h according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention is substantially the same as the harmonic reducer apparatus 100b according to the first embodiment, and the difference therebetween is that:

the second stopping structure 40h is sleeved on the periphery of the sleeve 21 h. The second stop formation 40h does not overlap with the projection of the power take-off of the wave generator 20h on the axis of the sleeve 21 h. The washer 81h includes a radial connecting portion 82h and an axial ring portion 83h extending inwardly from the radial connecting portion 82 h. The axial ring portion 83h is interposed between the second stop structure 40h and the cup bottom portion 12h of the flex spline 10 h. A second step 24h is formed on the outer circumferential surface of the sleeve 21 h. The second stop structure 40h is axially upper-limited between the second step 24h and the axial ring 83 h. The second stopper structure 40h is radially retained between the radial connecting portion 82h and the outer circumferential surface of the sleeve 21 h.

Referring to fig. 19, a harmonic reducer apparatus 100i according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention is substantially the same as the harmonic reducer apparatus 100c according to the second embodiment, except that:

the second stopping structure 40i is sleeved on the outer periphery of the sleeve 21 i. The second stop 40i does not overlap with the projection of the power take-off of the wave generator 20i on the axis of the sleeve 21 i. The washer 81i includes a radial connecting portion 82i and an axial ring portion 83i extending inwardly from the radial connecting portion 82 i. The axial ring portion 83i is interposed between the second stop structure 40i and the cup bottom portion 12i of the flexspline 10 i. A second step 24i is formed on the outer circumferential surface of the sleeve 21 i. The second stop structure 40i is axially upper-limited between the second step 24i and the axial ring 83 i. The second stop structure 40i is radially limited between the radial connecting portion 82i and the outer annular surface of the sleeve 21 i.

Referring to fig. 20, a harmonic reducer apparatus 100k according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention is substantially the same as the harmonic reducer apparatus 100d according to the third embodiment, except that:

the second stopping structure 40k is sleeved on the periphery of the sleeve 21 k. The second stop 40k does not overlap the projection of the power take-off of the wave generator 20k on the axis of the sleeve 21 k. The washer 81k includes a radial connecting portion 82k and an axial ring portion 83k extending inwardly from the radial connecting portion 82 k. The axial ring portion 83k is sandwiched between the second stop structure 40k and the cup bottom portion 12k of the flexspline 10 k. A second step 24k is formed on the outer circumferential surface of the sleeve 21 k. The second stop structure 40k is axially upper limited between the second step 24k and the axial ring 83 k. The second stopper 40k is radially interposed between the radial connecting portion 82k and the outer circumferential surface of the sleeve 21 k.

Referring to fig. 21, a harmonic reducer apparatus 100m according to a tenth embodiment of the present invention is substantially the same as the harmonic reducer apparatus 100h according to the seventh embodiment, and the difference therebetween is:

the other end cap 93m is integral with the output shaft 80 m. The output shaft 80m is not provided with a mounting portion, and the inner ring 72m of the output bearing 70m is not provided with a receiving groove. The cup bottom 12m of the flexspline 10m is directly fixed to the inner race 72m of the output bearing 70 m. No mounting portion is provided between the cup bottom portion 12m of the flexspline 10m and the inner race 72m of the output bearing 70 m. The cup bottom portion 12m of the flexspline 10m directly contacts the inner race 72m of the output bearing 70 m. The output shaft 80m is fixed to the inner race 72m of the output bearing 70m by fixing the other end cover 93m to the inner race 72m of the output bearing 70 m.

Referring to fig. 22, a harmonic reducer apparatus 100n according to an eleventh embodiment of the present invention is substantially the same as the harmonic reducer apparatus 100i according to the eighth embodiment, and the difference therebetween is that:

the other end cap 93n is integral with the output shaft 80 n. The output shaft 80n is not provided with a mounting portion, and the inner race 72n of the output bearing 70n does not need to be provided with a receiving groove. The cup bottom 12n of the flexspline 10n is directly fixed to the inner race 72n of the output bearing 70 n. No mounting portion is provided between the cup bottom portion 12n of the flexspline 10n and the inner ring 72n of the output bearing 70 n. The cup bottom 12n of the flexspline 10n directly contacts the inner race 72n of the output bearing 70 n. The output shaft 80n is fixed to the inner ring 72n of the output bearing 70n by fixing the other end cover 93n to the inner ring 72n of the output bearing 70 n.

Referring to fig. 23, a harmonic reducer apparatus 100p according to a twelfth embodiment of the present invention is substantially the same as the harmonic reducer apparatus 100k according to the ninth embodiment, except that:

the other end cap 93p is integral with the output shaft 80 p. The output shaft 80p is not provided with a mounting portion, and the inner race 72p of the output bearing 70p is not provided with a receiving groove. The cup bottom portion 12p of the flexspline 10p is directly fixed with the inner race 72p of the output bearing 70 p. No mounting portion is provided between the cup bottom portion 12p of the flexspline 10p and the inner ring 72p of the output bearing 70 p. The cup bottom portion 12p of the flexspline 10p directly contacts the inner race 72p of the output bearing 70 p. The output shaft 80p is fixed to the inner ring 72p of the output bearing 70p by fixing the other end cover 93p to the inner ring 72p of the output bearing 70 p.

The above-mentioned twelve embodiments, all in axial dimension, are reduced compared to the harmonic reducer 100a shown in fig. 2, and all break through the conventional, and the first stop structure does not adopt a bearing structure, but adopts a first stop structure with a smaller axial dimension than that of the conventional bearing providing the axial limit function to replace the conventional bearing. Under the unchangeable condition of rigid wheel radial dimension, directly through the axial dimension who changes harmonic speed reducer device, reach the demand that harmonic speed reducer device is more miniaturized, catered to market demand. At the same time, the cost is reduced more or less.

The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any modification, equivalent replacement or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A harmonic reducer device, characterized in that: harmonic speed reducer ware device include cupped flexbile wheel, with flexbile wheel engaged with's rigid gear and wave generator, wave generator including the sleeve that supplies power input and set up in wave generator main part on the sleeve, harmonic speed reducer ware device still includes right the sleeve carries out the first backstop structure and the second backstop structure of backstop, the power take off end of wave generator with the second backstop structure is in projection on the telescopic axis is at least partly overlapping.

2. The harmonic reducer apparatus of claim 1 wherein: the second stop structure is a stop bearing.

3. The harmonic reducer apparatus of claim 1 wherein: the flexible gear comprises a ring portion and a cup bottom portion connected to the ring portion, an accommodating space is formed between the ring portion and the cup bottom portion, and the wave generator main body and the second stopping structure are located in the accommodating space.

4. The harmonic reducer apparatus of claim 1 wherein: the harmonic reducer device further comprises an end cover and an output bearing which are arranged oppositely, the end cover comprises a main body, the rigid wheel is fixed between the inner end face of the main body and the outer ring of the output bearing, and the flexible wheel is fixed to the inner ring of the output bearing.

5. The harmonic reducer apparatus of claim 1 wherein: the harmonic reducer device further comprises an output bearing and an output shaft fixedly connected with an inner ring of the output bearing, and the second stopping structure is located between the output shaft and the sleeve.

6. The harmonic reducer apparatus of claim 5 wherein: the outer ring surface of the output shaft is convexly provided with an installation part, and the installation part and the cup bottom of the flexible gear are fixed on the inner ring of the output bearing together.

7. The harmonic reducer apparatus of claim 1 wherein: a second step is arranged on the inner ring surface of the sleeve; one side of the second stopping structure abuts against the second step, the other side of the second stopping structure indirectly abuts against the bottom of the cup of the flexible gear, and the outer ring of the second stopping structure abuts against the second step.

8. The harmonic reducer apparatus of claim 5 wherein: the harmonic reducer device further comprises another end cover located on the outer side of the output bearing, and the other end cover is connected to the inner ring of the output bearing.

9. The harmonic reducer apparatus of claim 8 wherein: the other end cover and the output shaft are two independent parts, and a wire harness structure is arranged between the other end cover and the output shaft.

10. The harmonic reducer apparatus of claim 9 wherein: the other end cover is convexly provided with a connecting part at one side close to the output bearing, the connecting part extends into the inner ring of the output bearing and is close to the end part of the output shaft, and the wire harness structure comprises a pipe body connected in the connecting part and an elastic telescopic part sleeved outside the pipe body; one end of the pipe body extends into the output shaft, and the other end of the pipe body is connected to the connecting part; the telescopic part is located between the pipe body and the connecting part.

11. The harmonic reducer apparatus of claim 1 wherein: the wave generator main body comprises a rotating arm formed on the sleeve and rollers arranged at two opposite ends of the rotating arm; or, the wave generator body comprises a cam formed on the sleeve and a flexible bearing connected to the cam; alternatively, the wave generator main body comprises an elliptical disk formed on the sleeve and a flexible bearing connected to the elliptical disk.

12. The harmonic reducer apparatus of claim 1 wherein: the projection overlapping rate of the power output end of the wave generator and the second stopping structure on the axis of the sleeve ranges from 0.1 to 1.

13. The harmonic reducer apparatus of claim 1 wherein: the projection overlapping rate of the power output end of the wave generator and the second stopping structure on the axis of the sleeve ranges from 0.5 to 0.9.

14. The harmonic reducer apparatus of claim 1 wherein: the axial dimension of the first stop structure is less than the difference between the inner and outer diameters of the first stop structure.

15. The harmonic reducer apparatus of claim 1 wherein: the first stopping structure and the second stopping structure perform axial bidirectional stopping on the sleeve.

16. The harmonic reducer apparatus of claim 1 wherein: the first stop structure is of a non-bearing structure and is sleeved on the sleeve.

17. A harmonic reducer apparatus as defined in any of claims 1-3, 5-16 wherein: the harmonic reducer device further comprises an end cover, a gap is formed between the sleeve and the end cover, and the first stop structure seals the gap.

18. The harmonic reducer apparatus of claim 17, wherein: the first stopping structure comprises a stopping part and a sealing part, wherein the stopping part is sleeved on the sleeve and rotates along with the rotation of the sleeve, the sealing part rotates relative to the stopping part, and the sealing part is fixedly connected with the end cover.

19. The harmonic reducer apparatus of claim 18 wherein: the outer side surface of the end cover is provided with a surrounding plate, the outer annular surface of the sleeve is provided with a first step, the first stopping structure is arranged between the first step and the surrounding plate, the stopping part abuts against the first step, and the sealing element abuts against the surrounding plate.

20. The harmonic reducer apparatus of claim 18 wherein: a sealing structure is formed between the stop piece and the sealing element, the sealing structure comprises an annular groove and a convex ring inserted into the annular groove, the annular groove is formed in one of the stop piece and the sealing element, and the convex ring is convexly arranged on the other of the stop piece and the sealing element.

21. The harmonic reducer apparatus of claim 18 wherein: at least one of the stopper and the sealing member is in the form of a sheet.

22. The harmonic reducer apparatus of claim 17, wherein: the first stopping structure comprises a stopping part and a sealing part, wherein the stopping part is sleeved on the sleeve and rotates along with the rotation of the sleeve; and a coaming is formed on the outer side surface of the end cover, and the outer side surface of one end of the sealing element is propped against the coaming.

23. A harmonic reducer apparatus as set forth in claim 22 wherein: the outer ring surface of the sleeve is provided with a first step, and the inner side surface of one end of the stop piece is propped against the first step.

24. A harmonic reducer apparatus as set forth in claim 22 wherein: the sealing element and the enclosing plate are always in contact when the sealing element rotates, and a sealing structure is formed at the contact position between the sealing element and the enclosing plate.

25. A harmonic reducer apparatus as set forth in claim 22 wherein: the stop part includes the fixed part of transversal personally submitting the U-shaped, by being close to of fixed part one side of wave generator main part deviates from the extension that the sleeve direction extends and by keeping away from of extension telescopic lateral margin deviates from sleeve direction and orientation the slope that the bounding wall slope extends, the sealing member is including being fixed in backstop portion in the fixed part and by deviating from of backstop portion the sleeve just is close to one side orientation of bounding wall the contact site that the bounding wall slope extends, the contact site with the bounding wall contacts.

26. The harmonic reducer apparatus of claim 17, wherein: the outer side face of the end cover is provided with a surrounding plate, the first stopping structure comprises a connecting ring connected to one side, close to the sleeve, of the surrounding plate, and a sealing structure is formed between the connecting ring and the outer annular face of the sleeve.

27. A harmonic reducer apparatus as set forth in claim 26 wherein: the connecting ring is in surface contact with the outer annular surface of the sleeve, and the sealing structure is at least one annular groove formed in the contact surface between the connecting ring and the sleeve.

28. The harmonic reducer apparatus of claim 17, wherein: and a coaming plate is formed on the outer side surface of the end cover, the end cover comprises a main body, and the coaming plate is connected to the outer end edge of the main body and is integrated with the main body.

29. A joint, characterized by: the joint includes a harmonic reducer assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 28 and a drive motor for power input to the sleeve.

30. A joint according to claim 29, wherein: the joint further comprises another bearing sleeved on the sleeve and a mounting part for limiting the other bearing, an accommodating space is formed between a stator and a rotor of the motor, and the other bearing is located in the accommodating space.

31. A joint according to claim 30, wherein: the mounting piece comprises a plate body and a limiting ring connected to one side of the plate body, the limiting ring and the sleeve are used for radially limiting the other bearing, a third step is formed on the outer annular surface of the sleeve, and the third step and the plate body are used for axially limiting the other bearing.

32. A robotic arm, characterized by: the robotic arm comprising a joint as claimed in any one of claims 29 to 31.

33. A robot, characterized by: the robot comprising a robotic arm as claimed in claim 32.