CN114687782A - Tunnel refrigerating system - Google Patents
Tunnel refrigerating system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114687782A CN114687782A CN202011559195.5A CN202011559195A CN114687782A CN 114687782 A CN114687782 A CN 114687782A CN 202011559195 A CN202011559195 A CN 202011559195A CN 114687782 A CN114687782 A CN 114687782A
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- Prior art keywords
- hole
- tunnel
- external
- heat exchanger
- evaporator
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003134 recirculating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008400 supply water Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F3/00—Cooling or drying of air
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B43/00—Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquids; Arrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat
- F25B43/003—Filters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B5/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity
- F25B5/02—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity arranged in parallel
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Other Air-Conditioning Systems (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a tunnel refrigeration system, which solves the problems of poor tunnel heat conduction efficiency, overlarge temperature difference between the front and the back of a tunnel, overhigh equipment temperature, electric leakage and the like caused by thin air in a high-altitude area. The invention comprises an external circulating cooling water system which is led into a tunnel, wherein the external circulating cooling water system comprises an external hole water inlet pipe and an internal hole water outlet pipe which extend into the tunnel, the external hole water inlet pipe leads cooling water outside the hole to a cooling unit in the tunnel, and the internal hole water outlet pipe discharges hot water which exchanges heat with the cooling unit out of the hole, so that the circulating heat exchange of the cooling unit is realized. The cooling unit comprises a compressor, a heat exchanger, an expansion valve and an evaporator which are in circulating connection, a refrigerant circulates among the compressor, the heat exchanger, the expansion valve and the evaporator to realize heat absorption of the evaporator and release heat through the heat exchanger, the hole outer water inlet pipe and the hole inner water outlet pipe are connected with the compressor of the cooling unit through the heat exchanger, and then the outer circulating cooling water system discharges heat released by the heat exchanger out of the hole.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction refrigeration, in particular to a tunnel refrigeration system.
Background
At present, a tunnel refrigeration system generally adopts a mode that an external cooling water cools a refrigerant of a compressor, the refrigerant cools internal circulating water, and the internal circulating water cools air for refrigeration. The refrigeration mode is to lead cold air to the tunnel construction area, and the whole tunnel is cooled from the front side of the tunnel to the back side of the tunnel in a heat conduction mode.
The problems of the prior tunnel refrigeration system are as follows:
(1) the air density in high altitude areas is lower and the rate of heat exchange is lower for equal temperature differences compared to areas with lower altitude. The heat transfer from the front end to the rear end of the tunnel is less effective.
(2) The front end temperature is lower and the back end temperature is higher. The rear end has more working equipment, generates larger heat and needs lower working temperature to keep the equipment stable in work.
(3) In the high-altitude area, the equipment has the defect of electric leakage of an electrified circuit of the electrical equipment because the air is thin and the atmospheric pressure is low.
Since the heat exchange efficiency in the tunnel needs to be improved, the supply water temperature for the cooling water outside the tunnel needs to be kept low. Usually, the cooling outside the tunnel mainly depends on a cooling tower for air cooling, the heat dissipation efficiency is not high, the temperature of cooling water is still high, and the low-temperature requirement of the temperature of the cooling water outside the tunnel cannot be met. Particularly, the difference between the plateau construction environment and the low-altitude area is large, and particularly, the air density is reduced, so that the heat conduction efficiency in the tunnel is seriously reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a tunnel refrigeration system which solves the problems of poor tunnel heat conduction efficiency, overlarge temperature difference between the front and the back of a tunnel, overhigh equipment temperature, electric leakage and the like caused by thin air in a high-altitude area.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: the utility model provides a tunnel refrigerating system, is including leading to the outer recirculating cooling water system in the tunnel, outer recirculating cooling water system is including extending inlet tube and the interior outlet pipe of hole outside the hole in the tunnel, and the extending direction of outlet pipe has a plurality of cooling unit of group in parallel connection along inlet tube outside the hole and the hole, realizes the whole section cooling to the tunnel. The hole water inlet pipe leads cooling water outside the hole to the cooling unit in the tunnel, and the hole water outlet pipe discharges hot water after heat exchange with the cooling unit out of the hole, so that circulating heat exchange of the cooling unit is realized. The cooling unit comprises a compressor, a heat exchanger, an expansion valve and an evaporator which are in circulating connection, a refrigerant circulates among the compressor, the heat exchanger, the expansion valve and the evaporator to realize heat absorption of the evaporator, heat is released through the heat exchanger, the hole outer water inlet pipe and the hole inner water outlet pipe are connected with the compressor of the cooling unit through the heat exchanger, and then the outer circulating cooling water system discharges heat released by the heat exchanger out of the hole.
Further, with the evaporimeter is provided with the fan relatively, and the fan carries out abundant rapid cooling with the air in the tunnel through the evaporimeter, improves the energy efficiency ratio.
Furthermore, a plurality of evaporators are connected in parallel between the heat exchangers and the compressors of the cooling units, so that the refrigeration energy efficiency of each group of cooling units is further improved.
Furthermore, a plurality of heat exchangers are arranged between the compressor and the evaporator of each cooling unit, so that sufficient cold quantity is guaranteed to be provided for the cooling units, and heat emitted by the cooling units is efficiently discharged out of the holes.
Further, the external circulating cooling water system comprises a return water tank and an external cooling water tank which are located outside the hole, a water inlet pipe outside the hole is connected with the external cooling water tank through a water inlet pump, a water outlet pipe in the hole is connected with the return water tank, the return water tank and the external cooling water tank are connected through a lifting water pump and a cooling water tower, the cooling water tower can cool water in the return water tank, and then the water is further cooled through the external cooling water tank and then is circularly conveyed to the cooling unit in the tunnel.
Furthermore, an in-hole pressure sensor, a one-way valve and an air pressure tank are sequentially arranged between the water inlet pump and the in-hole water inlet pipe in the tunnel, so that pressure monitoring and control of cooling water in the in-hole water inlet pipe are realized.
Furthermore, the cooling water tank outside the tunnel is connected with an external refrigerating unit, the external refrigerating unit comprises an evaporator outside the tunnel arranged in the cooling water tank outside the tunnel, two ends of the evaporator outside the tunnel are connected with a compressor outside the tunnel and a heat exchanger outside the tunnel, a fan is arranged corresponding to the heat exchanger outside the tunnel, and an expansion valve outside the tunnel is arranged between the heat exchanger outside the tunnel and the evaporator outside the tunnel. The external refrigerating unit can further cool the cold water in the cooling water tank outside the tunnel, so that the temperature of the cooling water entering the tunnel is low enough.
Furthermore, a first filter and a descaling instrument are arranged between the hole outer water inlet pipe and the heat exchanger, and a second filter is arranged between the heat exchanger and the evaporator, so that the scale in the heat exchanger is reduced, and the heat exchange efficiency is improved.
Furthermore, a liquid viewing mirror and an electromagnetic valve are arranged between the second filter and the expansion valve, and a ball valve and a first needle valve are arranged between the second filter and the heat exchanger.
And a pressure sensor, a second needle valve, a pressure gauge and a differential pressure switch are arranged between the evaporator and the compressor.
And a temperature sensor, a differential pressure switch, a pressure gauge and a third needle valve are arranged between the compressor and the heat exchanger.
The heat exchanger is a shell and tube heat exchanger, the compressor is a screw compressor, and the evaporator is a finned evaporator.
The invention can effectively reduce the temperature behind the tunnel, enhance the heat conduction from the front end of the tunnel to the rear of the tunnel, and prevent the equipment failure and the discomfort of personnel caused by overhigh temperature caused by excessive equipment behind the tunnel. And the outer circulation adopts a water cooling system, and the inner circulation adopts a refrigerant compressor unit to exchange heat with the outer circulation, so that the potential safety hazard of construction caused by the potential electric leakage is avoided.
Drawings
In order to illustrate the embodiments of the invention more clearly, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be derived from those drawings by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a cooling unit in a tunnel;
FIG. 2 is an external recirculating cooling water system;
in fig. 1: 1-an evaporator, 2-an expansion valve, 3-an electromagnetic valve, 4-a liquid sight glass, 5-a second filter, 6-a first needle valve, 7-a ball valve, 8-a heat exchanger, 9-a descaler, 10-a second filter, 11-a pressure sensor, 12-a second needle valve, 13-a pressure gauge, 14-a differential pressure switch, 15-a compressor and 16-a temperature sensor;
in fig. 2: 17-air pressure tank, 18-one-way valve, 19-hole external pressure sensor, 20-water inlet pump, 21-lifting water pump, 22-flow controller, 23-cooling water tower, 24-hole external heat exchanger, 25-hole external compressor, 26-hole external expansion valve, 27-hole external evaporator, 28-hole external cooling water tank, 29-hole external water inlet pipe, 30-hole internal water outlet pipe and 31-return water tank.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
A tunnel refrigerating system is shown in figures 1 and 2 and comprises an external circulating cooling water system leading to the inside of a tunnel, wherein the external circulating cooling water system comprises an outer hole water inlet pipe 29 extending into the tunnel and an inner hole water outlet pipe 30 extending into the tunnel, a plurality of groups of cooling units are connected in parallel along the extending direction of the outer hole water inlet pipe 29 and the inner hole water outlet pipe 30, the intervals of the groups of cooling units are 100m, heat in the tunnel is absorbed through the cooling units, and the heat of the cooling units is discharged through the outer hole water inlet pipe 29 and the inner hole water outlet pipe 30, so that the whole-section cooling of the tunnel is realized.
The external circulating cooling water system comprises a return water tank 31 and an external cooling water tank 28 which are located outside the hole, the external water inlet pipe 29 is connected with the external cooling water tank 28 through a water inlet pump 20, the internal water outlet pipe 30 is connected with the return water tank 31, and the return water tank 31 is connected with the external cooling water tank 28 through a lifting water pump 21, a flow controller 22 and a cooling water tower 23. The cooling water tower 23 can cool the water in the return water tank 31, and then the water is further cooled by the cooling water tank 28 outside the tunnel and then is circularly conveyed to the cooling unit in the tunnel. The hole water inlet pipe 29 leads cooling water outside the hole to the cooling unit in the tunnel, and the hole water outlet pipe 30 discharges hot water after heat exchange with the cooling unit out of the hole, so that circulating heat exchange of the cooling unit is realized.
Furthermore, an in-hole pressure sensor 19, a one-way valve 18 and an air pressure tank 17 are sequentially arranged between the water inlet pump 20 and the in-hole water inlet pipe 1 in the tunnel, so that pressure monitoring and control of cooling water in the in-hole water inlet pipe 1 are realized.
Further, the hole external cooling water tank 28 is connected with an external refrigerating unit, the external refrigerating unit comprises a hole external evaporator 27 arranged in the hole external cooling water tank 28, two ends of the hole external evaporator 27 are connected with a hole external compressor 25 and a hole external heat exchanger 24, a fan is arranged corresponding to the hole external heat exchanger 24, and a hole external expansion valve 26 is arranged between the hole external heat exchanger 24 and the hole external evaporator 27. The refrigerant evaporates and absorbs heat in the hole evaporator 27 and is used for refrigerating cooling water in the hole cooling water tank 28, the hole evaporator 27 conveys the refrigerant to the hole compressor 25 to be compressed into liquid, the hole compressor 25 conveys the refrigerant to the hole heat exchanger 24 to be cooled, and the refrigerant passes through the hole expansion valve 26 and reaches the hole evaporator 27 to form a cooling unit. The external refrigerating unit can further cool the cold water in the cooling water tank 31 outside the tunnel, so that the temperature of the cooling water entering the tunnel is low enough.
The cooling unit comprises a compressor 15, a heat exchanger 8, an expansion valve 2 and an evaporator 1 which are in circulating connection, wherein a refrigerant circulates among the compressor 15, the heat exchanger 8, the expansion valve 2 and the evaporator 1, so that the evaporator 1 absorbs heat in a tunnel, and the absorbed heat is discharged through the heat exchanger 8. The hole water inlet pipe 29 and the hole water outlet pipe 30 are connected with the compressor 15 of the cooling unit through the heat exchanger 8, and then the heat released by the heat exchanger 8 is discharged out of the hole by the external circulating cooling water system.
When the system works, cooling water enters the heat exchanger 8 through the Y-shaped filter and the electronic scale remover and exchanges heat with a high-temperature refrigerant compressed by the compressor 15. The cooled refrigerants are combined and then divided into four groups to enter an expansion valve 2 and an evaporator 1, the refrigerants are evaporated and absorb heat, and the outside air and the evaporator 1 exchange heat to reduce the temperature in the tunnel. The refrigerants of the four groups of evaporators 1 are merged and then enter a compressor 15, the screw compressor compresses the gaseous refrigerant into liquid, and then the refrigerant enters a heat exchanger 8 for cooling, so that a complete thermal cycle flow is formed.
Further, with evaporimeter 1 sets up relatively with the fan, the fan carries out abundant rapid cooling with the air in the tunnel through evaporimeter 1, improves the energy efficiency ratio.
Furthermore, four evaporators 1 are connected in parallel between the heat exchanger 8 and the compressor 15 of each cooling unit, so that the refrigeration energy efficiency of each cooling unit is further improved. Two heat exchangers 8 are arranged between the compressor 15 and the evaporator 1 of each group of cooling units, so that sufficient cooling capacity is guaranteed to be provided for the cooling units, and heat emitted by the cooling units is efficiently discharged out of the tunnel.
Furthermore, a first filter 10 and a scale remover 9 are arranged between the hole-outside water inlet pipe 1 and the heat exchanger 8, and a second filter 5 is arranged between the heat exchanger 8 and the evaporator 1, so that the scale inside the heat exchanger 8 is reduced, and the heat exchange efficiency is improved.
Furthermore, a liquid viewing mirror 4 and an electromagnetic valve 3 are arranged between the second filter 5 and the expansion valve 2, and a ball valve 7 and a first needle valve 6 are arranged between the second filter 5 and the heat exchanger 8. And a pressure sensor 11, a second needle valve 12, a pressure gauge 13 and a pressure difference switch 14 are arranged between the evaporator 1 and the compressor 15. And a temperature sensor 16, a differential pressure switch 14, a pressure gauge 13 and a third needle valve are arranged between the compressor 15 and the heat exchanger 8. The heat exchanger 8 is a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, the compressor 15 is a screw compressor, and the evaporator 1 is a finned evaporator.
The pumps involved in the invention are all variable frequency pumps, and the details of the invention are all conventional technical means known to those skilled in the art.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present invention, which is intended to cover any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. within the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. A tunnel refrigerating system comprises an external circulating cooling water system leading to the inside of a tunnel, and is characterized in that: outer recirculating cooling water system is outlet pipe (30) in inlet tube (29) and the hole outside the hole that extends in the tunnel, and the extending direction of outlet pipe (30) has a plurality of cooling unit in parallel along inlet tube (29) outside the hole and hole, and the cooling unit includes cyclic connection's compressor (15), heat exchanger (8), expansion valve (2) and evaporimeter (1), and outlet pipe (30) link to each other with cooling unit's compressor (15) through heat exchanger (8) in inlet tube (29) and the hole outside the hole.
2. The tunnel refrigeration system of claim 1, wherein: and a fan is arranged opposite to the evaporator (1).
3. The tunnel refrigeration system of claim 2, wherein: a plurality of evaporators (1) are connected in parallel between a heat exchanger (8) and a compressor (15) of the cooling unit.
4. The tunnel refrigeration system of claim 3, wherein: a plurality of heat exchangers (8) are arranged between the compressor (15) and the evaporator (1) of each group of cooling units.
5. The tunnel refrigeration system according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein: the external circulating cooling water system comprises a return water tank (31) and an external cooling water tank (28), the return water tank (31) and the external cooling water tank (28) are located outside the hole and connected through a lifting water pump (21) and a cooling water tower (23), an external hole water inlet pipe (29) is connected with the external hole cooling water tank (28) through a water inlet pump (20), and an internal hole water outlet pipe (30) is connected with the return water tank (31).
6. The tunnel refrigeration system of claim 5, wherein: an in-hole pressure sensor (19), a one-way valve (18) and an air pressure tank (17) are sequentially arranged between the water inlet pump (20) and the in-hole water inlet pipe (1) in the tunnel.
7. The tunnel refrigeration system of claim 6, wherein: the external cooling water tank (28) is connected with an external refrigerating unit, the external refrigerating unit comprises an external evaporator (27) arranged in the external cooling water tank (28), two ends of the external evaporator (27) are connected with an external compressor (25) and an external heat exchanger (24), a fan is arranged corresponding to the external heat exchanger (24), and an external expansion valve (26) is arranged between the external heat exchanger (24) and the external evaporator (27).
8. The tunnel refrigeration system according to any one of claims 1-4, 6-7, wherein: a first filter (10) and a descaling instrument (9) are arranged between the hole outer water inlet pipe (1) and the heat exchanger (8), and a second filter (5) is arranged between the heat exchanger (8) and the evaporator (1).
9. The tunnel refrigeration system of claim 8, wherein: a liquid viewing mirror (4) and an electromagnetic valve (3) are arranged between the second filter (5) and the expansion valve (2), and a ball valve (7) and a first needle valve (6) are arranged between the second filter (5) and the heat exchanger (8).
10. The tunnel refrigeration system of claim 9, wherein: a pressure sensor (11), a second needle valve (12), a pressure gauge (13) and a pressure difference switch (14) are arranged between the evaporator (1) and the compressor (15).
11. The tunnel refrigeration system according to any one of claims 1-4, 6-7, 9-10, wherein: and a temperature sensor (16), a differential pressure switch (14), a pressure gauge (13) and a third needle valve are arranged between the compressor (15) and the heat exchanger (8).
12. The tunnel refrigeration system of claim 11, wherein: the heat exchanger (8) is a shell and tube heat exchanger, the compressor (15) is a screw compressor, and the evaporator (1) is a finned evaporator.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CN202011559195.5A CN114687782A (en) | 2020-12-25 | 2020-12-25 | Tunnel refrigerating system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CN202011559195.5A CN114687782A (en) | 2020-12-25 | 2020-12-25 | Tunnel refrigerating system |
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CN114687782A true CN114687782A (en) | 2022-07-01 |
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CN202011559195.5A Pending CN114687782A (en) | 2020-12-25 | 2020-12-25 | Tunnel refrigerating system |
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN118089262A (en) * | 2024-04-26 | 2024-05-28 | 江苏盖德冷冻机有限公司 | Explosion-proof type water-cooling screw glycol unit |
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2020
- 2020-12-25 CN CN202011559195.5A patent/CN114687782A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN118089262A (en) * | 2024-04-26 | 2024-05-28 | 江苏盖德冷冻机有限公司 | Explosion-proof type water-cooling screw glycol unit |
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