CN114687035A - Cotton-like polyester fiber and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Cotton-like polyester fiber and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114687035A CN114687035A CN202011574016.5A CN202011574016A CN114687035A CN 114687035 A CN114687035 A CN 114687035A CN 202011574016 A CN202011574016 A CN 202011574016A CN 114687035 A CN114687035 A CN 114687035A
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- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 abstract description 18
- 239000002932 luster Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920004933 Terylene® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000873 masking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012452 mother liquor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02J—FINISHING OR DRESSING OF FILAMENTS, YARNS, THREADS, CORDS, ROPES OR THE LIKE
- D02J1/00—Modifying the structure or properties resulting from a particular structure; Modifying, retaining, or restoring the physical form or cross-sectional shape, e.g. by use of dies or squeeze rollers
- D02J1/08—Interlacing constituent filaments without breakage thereof, e.g. by use of turbulent air streams
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
- D01D5/088—Cooling filaments, threads or the like, leaving the spinnerettes
- D01D5/092—Cooling filaments, threads or the like, leaving the spinnerettes in shafts or chimneys
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
- D01D5/098—Melt spinning methods with simultaneous stretching
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/24—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like with a hollow structure; Spinnerette packs therefor
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/253—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like with a non-circular cross section; Spinnerette packs therefor
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
- D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
- D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
- D01F1/106—Radiation shielding agents, e.g. absorbing, reflecting agents
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/88—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polycondensation products as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds
- D01F6/92—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polycondensation products as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds of polyesters
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2401/00—Physical properties
- D10B2401/02—Moisture-responsive characteristics
- D10B2401/022—Moisture-responsive characteristics hydrophylic
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2401/00—Physical properties
- D10B2401/22—Physical properties protective against sunlight or UV radiation
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
- Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of cotton-like polyester fiber, which adopts full-dull polyester chips or fusant as raw material, and the raw material is dried and then enters a screw extruder for melt extrusion, the fusant enters a composite spinneret plate in a spinning box body for spinning, the spun yarn enters a side blowing window for cooling and oiling, and the oily silk is stretched and shaped by a hot roller and then is wound and molded to prepare modified polyester POY (polyester pre-oriented yarn); producing cotton-like polyester DTY fiber by an elasticizer; the spinneret orifices of the composite spinneret plate comprise three-leaf spinneret orifices with Y-shaped cross sections and 3C-shaped spinneret orifices with Y-shaped cross sections. The invention provides a cotton-like polyester fiber which is prepared by using full-dull polyester chips or melts as raw materials and modifying through the matching of unique trilobal Y-shaped cross sections and spinneret orifices with 3C-shaped cross sections, and has natural cotton feeling, hygroscopicity, spiral distortion, soft luster and good heat preservation function; and the preparation method is simple and convenient, has lower cost and is suitable for popularization and application.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of high polymer materials, and particularly relates to cotton-like polyester fiber and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The cotton fiber has the characteristics of fluffy feeling, fluffiness, hygroscopicity, natural deflection (spiral distortion which continuously turns along the length of the fiber), soft luster, heat preservation and the like. According to the characteristics of cotton fibers, the prior cotton-like technology by utilizing terylene mainly adopts the following schemes:
1. the wool feeling and the fluffiness are mainly achieved by blowing off polyester filament yarns through an air network, interweaving an irregular structure, or utilizing different raw materials to compound to cause different shrinkage to form a three-dimensional curling fluffy feeling, but in terms of the wool feeling, the fineness of the air network is not uniform, the wool feeling difference is large, the wool feeling of different raw materials compounded with cotton-like materials can be shown only in after-treatment, and meanwhile, the cost is relatively high;
2. the moisture absorption property mainly utilizes fine denier to increase the specific surface area and improve the capillary wicking speed; or the cross section of the fiber is modified, and the cross section or the large Y-shaped section is utilized to increase the moisture absorption and conduction grooves and accelerate the moisture absorption speed; or hydrophilic groups (hygroscopic mother liquor) are added in the production of polyester chips or melts to enhance the moisture absorption capacity of the fibers;
3. the gloss is improved mainly by modifying the surface of the fiber, so that the surface of the fiber reduces the reflection of light or absorbs part of light to form soft gloss.
The existing cotton-like technology only imitates partial functional characteristics of cotton fibers, and has the technical defects of unobvious natural transfer function, unobvious warm-keeping function, unobvious natural cotton feeling function, high cost and the like.
Therefore, there is an urgent need for the development of an artificial cotton polyester fiber having low cost, easy preparation, natural cotton feeling, moisture absorption, spiral twist, soft luster, and excellent warming performance, and a method for preparing the same.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the cotton-like polyester fiber which is low in cost, convenient to prepare, natural in cotton feeling, hygroscopic, spirally twisted, soft in luster and excellent in heat preservation performance, and the preparation method thereof. Specifically, the invention provides a cotton-like polyester fiber which is modified by using full-dull polyester chips or melts as raw materials through the matching of unique spinneret orifices with a three-blade Y-shaped section and a 3C-shaped section, has natural cotton feeling, hygroscopicity, spiral distortion, soft luster and good heat preservation and multiple functions.
One of the purposes of the invention is to provide a preparation method of cotton-like polyester fiber, which adopts the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of cotton-like polyester fiber adopts full-dull polyester chips or melts as raw materials, and the raw materials are subjected to a drying process, then are fed into a screw extruder for melt extrusion, the melts are fed into a composite spinneret plate in a spinning box body for spinning, the filaments are fed into a side blowing window for cooling and oiling, and the filaments containing oil are subjected to hot roller stretching and shaping and then are wound and molded to prepare modified polyester POY filaments; producing cotton-like polyester DTY fiber by using a texturing machine;
the spinneret orifices of the composite spinneret plate comprise three-blade spinneret orifices with Y-shaped cross sections and 3C-shaped spinneret orifices with Y-shaped cross sections.
Preferably, the spinneret orifices are distributed on the composite spinneret plate in a multi-layer concentric ring belt; the centers of all the spinneret orifices are positioned on concentric circular ring belts, and the spinneret orifices on the same circular ring belt are arranged at equal intervals.
Furthermore, the number of spinneret orifices arranged on the circular ring belt of any layer is the same.
Furthermore, the ring belt is set to be 2 layers, and the included angle alpha of adjacent spinneret orifices on the adjacent 2 layers of ring belt is 8-20 degrees.
Furthermore, the number ratio of the three-blade Y-shaped section spinneret orifices to the 3C-shaped section spinneret orifices on any circular ring belt is (1.5-3) to 1.
Preferably, the length of each three-blade Y-shaped section spinneret hole is 0.15-0.20 mm, and the width of each blade is 0.06-0.10 mm; and the Y-shaped included angle beta of the spinneret orifices with the three-blade Y-shaped cross sections is 120 degrees, and the included angle beta points to the central direction of the composite spinneret plate.
Preferably, the spinneret orifice with the 3C-shaped section comprises 3C-shaped circular rings, the included angle between 2C-shaped circular rings is 120 degrees, the distance between the C-shaped circular rings is 0.04-0.09 mm, the inner diameter of each C-shaped circular ring is 0.3-0.4 mm, and the outer diameter of each C-shaped circular ring is 0.45-0.50 mm.
Preferably, the addition amount of the titanium dioxide in the full-dull polyester chip or melt is 2-3 wt%, and the particle size is 0.8-1.5 mu m.
Preferably, in the drying step, the temperature for drying the sliced pieces: 155-165 ℃; drying time of slices: 9-10 hours;
temperature in each zone of the screw extruder: 278 to 295 ℃;
spinning box temperature: 289-295 ℃;
adopt the cooling form of blowing by compound spinneret center to outer ring in the cooling process, the wind pressure: 40-50 Pa, wind temperature: 20-22 ℃ and rheumatism: more than or equal to 70 wt%;
the height of an oiling frame on spinning: 800-1100 mm;
the oil-containing filaments after being stretched and shaped by the hot roller are sequentially wound and formed by an SR1 guide disc and an SR2 guide disc, wherein:
SR1 disk guide speed: 2600 to 2900 m/min;
SR2 disk guide speed: 2615-2915 m/min;
winding speed: 2595-2905 m/min;
in the elasticizing process of the elasticizing machine:
vehicle speed: 500-800 m/min;
a first hot box: 155-178 ℃;
a second hot box: 140-165 ℃;
draft multiple: 1.68-1.78;
D/Y ratio: 1.6 to 1.8;
network pressure: 0.1 to 0.2 MPa.
Preferably, the physical indexes of the modified polyester POY yarn are as follows:
linear density: 87-178 dtex;
breaking strength: 1.9-2.1 cn/dtex;
elongation at break: 120-150%;
oil content: 0.35-0.40%;
evenness unevenness: 0.5 to 0.7 percent.
Preferably, the physical indexes of the polyester DTY fiber are as follows:
linear density: 53 to 111 dtex;
breaking strength: 3.51-3.83 cn/dtex;
elongation at break: 21-25%;
crimp shrinkage: 9-11%;
curl stability: 70-85%;
shrinkage in boiling water: 2.5-2.8%;
network degree: 80-90 pieces/m.
The invention also aims to obtain the cotton-like polyester fiber prepared by the preparation method, and the cotton-like polyester fiber has excellent cotton-like performance.
The invention can bring the following beneficial effects:
1) the invention adopts the special combination of the three-leaf Y-shaped section spinneret orifice with smaller size and the 3C hollow section spinneret orifice, and forms a fluffy structure on the basis of increasing the specific surface area of the fiber, so that the fiber has the functions of hollow temperature locking, heat preservation and spiral distortion, has rich cotton feeling, and simultaneously improves the capillary wicking speed and increases the moisture absorption and conduction groove to realize quick absorption, quick discharge, ventilation and quick drying. Therefore, the preparation method is simple, and meanwhile, the raw materials are easy to obtain, the cost is lower, and the preparation method is suitable for application and production.
2) The invention takes the full-dull polyester slices as the raw material, not only can reduce the reflection and scintillation of the fiber, but also can ensure that the subsequent fiber has the advantages of soft luster, naturalness, good deep dyeing property, high fabric drapability, strong shielding property and the like. In addition, the addition amount of the titanium dioxide is 2.5 wt%, the particle size is 1 mu m, the light reflection and flicker phenomena of the fiber can be effectively reduced, and the prepared fiber is softer; meanwhile, titanium dioxide has a good ultraviolet shielding effect, and the spinning performance can be improved on the premise of ensuring the fiber performance by controlling the addition amount and the particle size.
3) The invention can prepare fine denier yarn with 56D/36F specification as the main part and 1.56 fiber dpf, thereby forming a unique composite structure with fine denier and special-shaped hollow fluffy, playing a role of light weight and further improving the application prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a composite spinneret plate and a trilobe Y-shaped section spinneret orifice of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the composite spinneret plate and spinneret holes with 3C-shaped cross-sections according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a cotton-like polyester fiber prepared according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a cotton fiber.
The reference symbols in the drawings have the following meanings:
1-composite spinneret plate; 10-a circular ring band; 11-trilobal Y-section spinneret orifices; spinneret orifice with 12-3C-shaped section.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following description will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some examples of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings and embodiments can be derived from them without inventive effort.
For the sake of simplicity, the drawings only schematically show the parts relevant to the present invention, and they do not represent the actual structure as a product.
According to one embodiment provided by the invention, the preparation method of the cotton-like polyester fiber comprises the following steps: the preparation method comprises the following steps of (1) taking full-dull polyester chips or melts as raw materials, drying, carrying out melt extrusion in a screw extruder, carrying out spinning on the extruded melts in a composite spinneret plate in a spinning box body, carrying out cooling and oiling on the extruded melts in a side blowing window, carrying out stretching and shaping on oil-containing strands through a hot roller, and then carrying out winding and forming to obtain modified polyester POY yarns; producing cotton-like polyester DTY fiber by an elasticizer; the spinneret orifices of the composite spinneret plate 1 comprise three-blade spinneret orifices with Y-shaped cross sections 11 and 3C-shaped spinneret orifices with Y-shaped cross sections 12.
In the embodiment, the full-dull polyester chip is used as a raw material, so that the phenomena of light reflection and flicker of the fiber can be reduced, and the subsequent fiber has the advantages of soft luster, naturalness, good deep dyeing property, high fabric drapability, strong shielding property and the like. More preferably, the addition amount of the titanium dioxide in the full-dull polyester chip or melt is 2.5 wt%, the particle size is 1 mu m, the reflection and scintillation phenomena of the fiber can be effectively reduced, and the prepared fiber is softer; the full-dull slice or melt contains titanium dioxide serving as a dulling agent, the titanium dioxide has a good ultraviolet masking effect, the addition amount is controlled to be 2.5 wt%, the spinning performance is improved on the premise of ensuring the fiber performance, if the addition amount is too high to exceed the range, the spinnability of spinning is poor, the pressure price of a component is raised too fast, the period is short, and if the addition amount is too low, the fiber performance is influenced; the particle size of titanium dioxide controlled to 1 μm by a mill is also poor in spinnability if the size is too large, the pressure of the module is increased too quickly, and agglomeration is easily generated if the size is too small, which also causes difficulty in spinning. The melt is dried, then is spun by a composite spinneret plate, the slivers are uniformly cooled, then are oiled and lubricated by an oil nozzle, enter a hot rod through a pre-network for stretching and shaping, and enter a winding machine for package forming, wherein a unique composite spinneret plate is adopted, the cross section modification does not use a common cross section and a large Y-shaped cross section, but uses a unique three-blade Y-shaped and 3C hollow combination mode for modification, the cotton-like polyester fiber with large specific surface area of the fiber is prepared, the capillary wicking speed is improved, the moisture absorption and moisture conduction groove is increased, and the cotton-like polyester fiber is quickly absorbed, quickly discharged, ventilated and quickly dried.
As another preferred embodiment, the spinneret orifices are distributed on the composite spinneret plate 1 in a plurality of layers and concentric circular ring belts 10; the centers of all the spinneret orifices are positioned on the concentric circular ring belts 10, and the spinneret orifices on the same circular ring belt are arranged at equal intervals. When the number of layers exceeds 2, the adjacent circular ring bands are equally spaced. Preferably, the number of the spinneret orifices arranged on the circular ring belt of any layer is the same.
In practical application, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the ring belt is set into 2 layers, and each layer of ring belt is provided with 18 spinneret orifices. Specifically, the diameter of the first layer of circular ring belt on the composite spinneret plate is phi 56mm, and the diameter of the second layer of circular ring belt on the composite spinneret plate is phi 66 mm; the included angle alpha of the spinneret orifices on the adjacent 2 layers of circular belts is 8-20 degrees, and more preferably 10 degrees. In addition, the composite spinneret plate 1 is provided with a notch, so that the installation and the positioning are convenient, and in practical application, the radial size of the notch is 2.7 mm.
As a more preferred embodiment, the number ratio of the three-blade Y-shaped section spinneret orifices to the 3C-shaped section spinneret orifices on any circular ring belt is (1.5-3) to 1. More preferably, the number ratio of the three-blade Y-shaped section spinneret orifices to the 3C-shaped section spinneret orifices on any one circular ring belt is 2: 1. Referring to fig. 1 and 2, specifically, the spinneret holes on any one of the circular belts are uniformly arranged at intervals in a group of 2 three-leaf Y-shaped section spinneret holes and 1 3C-shaped section spinneret hole; wherein, 2 three leaf Y type cross-section spinneret orifices and 1 3C type cross-section spinneret orifices are evenly arranged according to the interval in order.
In order to obtain an excellent cotton-like effect, as shown in fig. 1, the length of each three-blade Y-shaped section spinneret hole is 0.15-0.20 mm, and the width of each blade is 0.06-0.10 mm; and the Y-shaped included angle beta of the spinneret orifices with the three-blade Y-shaped cross sections is 120 degrees, and the included angle beta points to the central direction of the composite spinneret plate. As shown in figure 2, the spinneret orifice with the 3C-shaped section comprises 3C-shaped circular rings, the included angle between the 2 circular rings is 120 degrees, the distance between the circular rings is 0.04-0.09 mm, the inner diameter of each circular ring is 0.3-0.4 mm, and the outer diameter of each circular ring is 0.45-0.50 mm. Preferably, the length of each three-blade Y-shaped section spinneret hole is 0.18 +/-0.025 mm, and the width of each blade is 0.08 +/-0.003 mm; the distance between the circular rings of the spinneret orifices with the 3C-shaped section is 0.06 plus or minus 0.01mm, the inner diameter of the circular rings is 0.33 plus or minus 0.01mm, and the outer diameter is 0.46 plus or minus 0.01 mm.
In this embodiment, the composite spinneret 1 has a wind barrel at the center, the cooling air can be blown out from the wind barrel from the center to the periphery, and the 120 ° inner angle points to the center, so that the cooling air (21 ℃) can rapidly cool and form the high-temperature filament (289 ℃) ejected from the Y-shaped hole.
In the embodiment, different from the conventional large Y-shaped spinneret orifice or cross-shaped spinneret orifice, the special combination of the small Y-shaped spinneret orifice and the 3C hollow spinneret orifice is adopted, and a fluffy structure is formed on the basis of increasing the specific surface area of the fiber, so that the fiber has the functions of hollow temperature locking and heat preservation and spiral distortion, is full in cotton feeling, and simultaneously, the capillary wicking speed is increased, and the moisture absorption and conduction grooves are increased to realize quick absorption, quick discharge, ventilation and quick drying. Therefore, the preparation method is simple, and meanwhile, the raw materials are easy to obtain, the cost is lower, and the preparation method is suitable for application and production.
As a preferred embodiment, the process parameters involved in the above preparation method are:
in the drying step, the temperature for drying the cut pieces: 155-165 ℃; drying time of slices: 8-10 hours;
temperature in each zone of the screw extruder: 278 to 295 ℃;
spinning box temperature: 289-295 ℃;
adopt the cooling form of blowing by compound spinneret 1 center to the outer ring in the cooling process, the wind pressure: 40-50 Pa, wind temperature: 20-22 ℃ and rheumatism: more than or equal to 70wt percent, ensuring the degree of fiber profile;
height of oiling frame in spinning: 800-1100 mm; (-) -is;
the oil-containing filaments after being stretched and shaped by the hot roller are sequentially wound and formed by an SR1 guide disc and an SR2 guide disc, wherein:
SR1 disk guide speed: 2600 to 2900 m/min;
SR2 disk guide speed: 2615-2915 m/min;
winding speed: 2595-2905 m/min;
according to the process conditions, the physical indexes of the prepared modified polyester POY yarn are as follows:
linear density: 87 to 178 dtex;
breaking strength: 1.9-2.1 cn/dtex;
elongation at break: 120-150138%;
oil content: 0.35-0.40%;
evenness unevenness: 0.5 to 0.7 percent.
In the draw texturing process (DTY) through the draw texturing machine:
vehicle speed: 500-800 m/min;
a first hot box: 155-178 ℃;
a second hot box: 140-165 ℃;
draft multiple: 1.68-1.78;
D/Y ratio: 1.6 to 1.8;
network pressure: 0.1 to 0.2 MPa.
By combining the process conditions, the physical indexes of the finally prepared polyester DTY fiber are as follows:
linear density: 53 to 111 dtex;
breaking strength: 3.51-3.83 cn/dtex;
elongation at break: 21-25%;
crimp shrinkage: 9-11%;
curl stability: 70-85%;
shrinkage in boiling water: 2.5-2.8%;
network degree: 80-90 pieces/m.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, this embodiment is a method for preparing cotton-like polyester fiber, including the following steps:
s1, adopting full-dull polyester chips or melts as raw materials, controlling the chip drying temperature to be 158 ℃ and the chip drying time to be 9 hours, feeding the chips into a screw extruder for melt extrusion after the drying procedure, and controlling the temperature of each area in the screw extruder: 281 ℃ in the first region, 284 ℃ in the second region, 288 ℃ in the third region, 290 ℃ in the fourth region and 294 ℃ in the fifth region;
s2, enabling the extruded melt to enter a composite spinneret plate in a spinning box for spinning, wherein spinneret holes of the composite spinneret plate comprise three-leaf spinneret holes with Y-shaped cross sections and 3C-shaped spinneret holes with Y-shaped cross sections; the spinneret orifices are distributed on the composite spinneret plate 1 in 2 layers and concentric circular rings 10; the centers of all the spinneret orifices are positioned on the concentric circular ring belts 10, and the spinneret orifices on the same circular ring belt are arranged at equal intervals; the annular belt is provided with 2 layers, and each layer of annular belt is provided with 18 spinneret orifices. Specifically, the diameter of the first layer of circular ring belt on the composite spinneret plate is phi 56mm, and the diameter of the second layer of circular ring belt on the composite spinneret plate is phi 66 mm; the included angle alpha of the spinneret orifices on the adjacent 2 layers of circular ring belts is 10 degrees. The length of the three-blade Y-shaped section spinneret orifice is 0.18 +/-0.025 mm, and the width of the blade is 0.08 +/-0.003 mm; the distance between the circular rings of the 3C-shaped section spinneret orifices is 0.06 +/-0.01 mm, the inner diameter of the circular rings is 0.33 +/-0.01 mm, and the outer diameter of the circular rings is 0.46 +/-0.01 mm; the Y-shaped included angle beta of the spinneret orifices with the three-blade Y-shaped cross section is 120 degrees;
the temperature in the spinning box body is 289 ℃, the spinning yarns enter a side blowing window for cooling, a cooling form of circular blowing from the center of the composite spinneret plate to the outside is adopted in the cooling process, and the air pressure is as follows: 45Pa, wind temperature: 21 ℃ and rheumatism: 70 wt% of the fiber profile degree is ensured; then oiling, wherein the spinning oiling frame height is as follows: 900 mm; (-) -is; the oil-containing thread strips are stretched and shaped by a hot roller, then are wound and molded by an SR1 guide disc and an SR2 guide disc, and the speed of the SR1 guide disc is 2800 m/min; the SR2 disc guide speed is 2815 m/min; the winding speed is 2795 m/min; the modified polyester POY is prepared, and the physical indexes of the modified polyester POY are as follows: 87 dtex; breaking strength: 2.1 cn/dtex; elongation at break: 138%; oil content: 0.35 percent; evenness unevenness: 0.6 percent;
s3, performing elasticizing through an elasticizer, wherein the vehicle speed in the elasticizing process (DTY) is as follows: 600 m/min; a first hot box: 165 ℃; a second hot box: 155 ℃; draft multiple: 1.73; D/Y ratio: 1.70; network pressure: 0.1 MPa; producing cotton-like polyester DTY fiber, wherein the physical indexes of the polyester DTY fiber are as follows: 56 dtex; breaking strength: 3.81 cn/dtex; elongation at break: 23 percent; crimp shrinkage: 9 percent; curl stability: 75 percent; shrinkage in boiling water: 2.6 percent; network degree: 85 pieces/m. And the section of the prepared cotton-like polyester fiber is shown in figure 3, which is very similar to the comparison of the section of the cotton fiber in figure 4, and the cotton-like effect of the invention is also proved.
The polyester DTY fiber finally produced in this example was: the main specification is 56D/36F, and the fiber dpf is 1.56 fine denier filament.
Example 2
This example is essentially the same as example 1 except that:
in step S1, the temperatures of the zones in the screw extruder are controlled: first zone 280 deg.C, second zone 283 deg.C, third zone 287 deg.C, fourth zone 290 deg.C, and fifth zone 293 deg.C;
in step S2, the temperature in the spinning manifold is 292 ℃, the spun yarn enters a side blowing window for cooling, a cooling form of circular blowing from the center of the composite spinneret to the outside is adopted in the cooling process, and the air pressure is: 40Pa, wind temperature: 20 ℃ and rheumatism: 72 wt% to ensure the degree of profile of the fiber; then oiling, wherein the spinning oiling frame height is as follows: 800 mm; stretching and shaping the oil-containing strand silk by a hot roller, and then sequentially winding and molding by an SR1 guide disc and an SR2 guide disc, wherein the SR1 guide disc speed is 2600 m/min; the SR2 guide disc speed is 2615 m/min; the winding speed is 2595 m/min; the modified polyester POY is prepared, and the physical indexes of the modified polyester POY are as follows: 98 dtex; breaking strength: 2.0 cn/dtex; elongation at break: 148 percent; oil content: 0.38 percent; evenness unevenness: 0.7 percent;
s3, performing elasticizing through an elasticizer, wherein the vehicle speed in the elasticizing process (DTY) is as follows: 500 m/min; a first hot box: 155 ℃; a second hot box: 140 ℃; draft multiple: 1.68; D/Y ratio: 1.6; network pressure: 0.1 MPa; producing cotton-like polyester DTY fiber, wherein the physical indexes of the polyester DTY fiber are as follows: 63 dtex; breaking strength: 3.62 cn/dtex; elongation at break: 25 percent; crimp shrinkage: 11 percent; curl stability: 85 percent; shrinkage in boiling water: 2.8 percent; network degree: 90 pieces/m. In addition, the cross section of the prepared cotton-like polyester fiber (the height is similar to that of figure 3, and the cross section is not provided repeatedly) is very similar to the cross section of the cotton fiber, and the cotton-like polyester fiber has a good cotton-like effect.
The polyester DTY fiber finally produced in this example was: the main specification is 63dtex/36f, and the fiber dpf is 1.75 fine denier filament.
Example 3
This example is essentially the same as example 1 except that:
in step S1, the temperature of each zone in the screw extruder is controlled: 282 ℃ in the first region, 285 ℃ in the second region, 288 ℃ in the third region, 291 ℃ in the fourth region and 293 ℃ in the fifth region;
in step S2, the temperature in the spinning manifold is 295 ℃, the filaments are spun into a side blowing window for cooling, the cooling process adopts a cooling form of blowing air from the center of the composite spinneret to the outside, and the air pressure is: 50Pa, wind temperature: 22 ℃ and rheumatism: 71 wt% of the fiber profile degree is ensured; then oiling, wherein the spinning oiling frame height is as follows: 1100 mm; the oil-containing silk is stretched and shaped by a hot roller and then is wound and molded by an SR1 guide disc and an SR2 guide disc, and the speed of the SR1 guide disc is 2900 m/min; the SR2 guide disc speed is 2915 m/min; the winding speed is 2905 m/min; the modified polyester POY is prepared, and the physical indexes of the modified polyester POY are as follows: 178 dtex; breaking strength: 2.1 cn/dtex; elongation at break: 150 percent; oil content: 0.40 percent; evenness unevenness: 0.5 percent;
s3, performing elasticizing through an elasticizer, wherein the vehicle speed in the elasticizing process (DTY) is as follows: 800 m/min; a first hot box: 178 ℃; a second hot box: 165 ℃; draft multiple: 1.78; D/Y ratio: 1.8; network pressure: 0.2 MPa; producing cotton-like polyester DTY fiber, wherein the physical indexes of the polyester DTY fiber are as follows: 111 dtex; breaking strength: 3.83 cn/dtex; elongation at break: 21 percent; crimp shrinkage: 9 percent; curl stability: 70 percent; shrinkage in boiling water: 2.5 percent; network degree: 80 pieces/m. In addition, the cross section of the prepared cotton-like polyester fiber (the height is similar to that of figure 3, and the cross section is not provided repeatedly) is very similar to the cross section of the cotton fiber, and the cotton-like polyester fiber has a good cotton-like effect.
The polyester DTY fiber finally produced in this example was: the main specification is 111dtex/36f, and the fiber dpf is 3.08 fine denier yarn.
Example 4
This example is essentially the same as example 1 except that:
in step S1, the temperature of each zone in the screw extruder is controlled: 278 ℃ in the first zone, 282 ℃ in the second zone, 286 ℃ in the third zone, 290 ℃ in the fourth zone and 295 ℃ in the fifth zone;
in step S2, the annular bands are set to 2 layers, and each layer of annular band is provided with 20 spinneret holes. Specifically, the diameter of the first layer of circular ring belt on the composite spinneret plate is phi 50mm, and the diameter of the second layer of circular ring belt on the composite spinneret plate is phi 60 mm; the included angle alpha of the spinneret orifices on the adjacent 2 layers of circular ring belts is 12 degrees. The length of each three-blade Y-shaped section spinneret orifice is 0.16 +/-0.025 mm, and the width of each blade is 0.10 +/-0.002 mm; the distance between the circular rings of the spinneret orifices with the 3C-shaped section is 0.07 +/-0.01 mm, the inner diameter of the circular rings is 0.36 +/-0.01 mm, and the outer diameter of the circular rings is 0.48 +/-0.01 mm; the Y-shaped included angle beta of the spinneret orifices with the three-blade Y-shaped cross section is 120 degrees;
the modified polyester POY is prepared, and the physical indexes of the modified polyester POY are as follows: 90 dtex; breaking strength: 1.95 cn/dtex; elongation at break: 135 percent; oil content: 0.36 percent; evenness unevenness: 0.7 percent;
in step S3, the physical indexes of the produced cotton-like polyester DTY fiber are linear density: 58 dtex; breaking strength: 3.58 cn/dtex; elongation at break: 22 percent; crimp shrinkage: 10 percent; curl stability: 72 percent; shrinkage in boiling water: 2.58 percent; network degree: 82 pieces/m. In addition, the cross section of the prepared cotton-like polyester fiber (the height is similar to that of figure 3, and the cross section is not provided repeatedly) is very similar to the cross section of the cotton fiber, and the cotton-like polyester fiber has a good cotton-like effect.
The polyester DTY fiber finally produced in this example was: the main specification is 58dtex/40f, and the fiber dpf is 1.61 fine denier filament.
Example 5
This example is essentially the same as example 1 except that:
in step S2, the annular bands are set to 2 layers, and each layer of annular band is provided with 18 spinneret holes. Specifically, the diameter of the first layer of circular ring belt on the composite spinneret plate is phi 56mm, and the diameter of the second layer of circular ring belt on the composite spinneret plate is phi 66 mm; the included angle alpha of the spinneret orifices on the adjacent 2 layers of circular ring belts is 8 degrees. The length of each three-blade Y-shaped section spinneret orifice is 0.20 +/-0.025 mm, and the width of each blade is 0.06 +/-0.002 mm; the distance between the circular rings of the spinneret orifices with the 3C-shaped section is 0.09 +/-0.01 mm, the inner diameter of the circular rings is 0.4 +/-0.01 mm, and the outer diameter of the circular rings is 0.5 +/-0.01 mm; the Y-shaped included angle beta of the spinneret orifices with the three-blade Y-shaped cross section is 120 degrees;
the modified polyester POY is prepared, and the physical indexes of the modified polyester POY are as follows: 95 dtex; breaking strength: 2.05 cn/dtex; elongation at break: 125%; oil content: 0.37 percent; evenness unevenness: 0.6 percent;
in step S3, the physical indexes of the produced cotton-like polyester DTY fiber are linear density: 65 dtex; breaking strength: 3.68 cn/dtex; elongation at break: 23 percent; crimp shrinkage: 11 percent; curl stability: 70 percent; shrinkage in boiling water: 2.7 percent; network degree: 86 pieces/m. In addition, the cross section of the prepared cotton-like polyester fiber (the height is similar to that of figure 3, and the cross section is not provided repeatedly) is very similar to the cross section of the cotton fiber, and the cotton-like polyester fiber has a good cotton-like effect.
The polyester DTY fiber finally produced in this example was: the main specification is 65dtex/36, and the fiber dpf is 1.81 fine denier filament.
Example 6
This example is essentially the same as example 1 except that:
in step S2, the annular bands are set to 2 layers, and each layer of annular band is provided with 16 spinneret holes. Specifically, the diameter of the first layer of circular ring belt on the composite spinneret plate is phi 52mm, and the diameter of the second layer of circular ring belt on the composite spinneret plate is phi 62 mm; the included angle alpha of the spinneret orifices on the adjacent 2 layers of circular ring belts is 20 degrees. The length of each three-blade Y-shaped section spinneret orifice is 0.15 +/-0.025 mm, and the width of each blade is 0.10 +/-0.002 mm; the distance between the circular rings of the spinneret orifices with the 3C-shaped section is 0.04 +/-0.01 mm, the inner diameter of the circular rings is 0.3 +/-0.01 mm, and the outer diameter of the circular rings is 0.45 +/-0.01 mm; the Y-shaped included angle beta of the spinneret orifices with the three-blade Y-shaped cross section is 120 degrees;
the modified polyester POY is prepared, and the physical indexes of the modified polyester POY are as follows: 178 dtex; breaking strength: 1.9 cn/dtex; elongation at break: 120 percent; oil content: 0.35 percent; evenness unevenness: 0.6 percent;
in step S3, the physical indexes of the produced cotton-like polyester DTY fiber are linear density: 108 dtex; breaking strength: 3.52 cn/dtex; elongation at break: 21 percent; crimp shrinkage: 9 percent; curl stability: 70 percent; shrinkage in boiling water: 2.8 percent; network degree: 80 pieces/m. In addition, the cross section of the prepared cotton-like polyester fiber (the height is similar to that of figure 3, and the cross section is not provided repeatedly) is very similar to the cross section of the cotton fiber, and the cotton-like polyester fiber has a good cotton-like effect.
The polyester DTY fiber finally produced in this example was: the main specification is 111dtex/32F, and the fiber dpf is 3.47 fine denier yarn.
It should be noted that the above embodiments can be freely combined as necessary. The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of cotton-like polyester fiber is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the preparation method comprises the following steps of (1) taking full-dull polyester chips or melts as raw materials, drying, carrying out melt extrusion in a screw extruder, carrying out spinning on the melts in a composite spinneret plate in a spinning box body, carrying out cooling and oiling on the filaments after the filaments enter a side blowing window, and carrying out hot-roll stretching and shaping on oil-containing filaments and then winding and forming to obtain modified polyester POY filaments; producing cotton-like polyester DTY fiber by an elasticizer;
the spinneret orifices of the composite spinneret plate comprise three-leaf spinneret orifices with Y-shaped cross sections and 3C-shaped spinneret orifices with Y-shaped cross sections.
2. The method for preparing cotton-like polyester fiber according to claim 1, wherein:
the spinneret orifices are distributed on the composite spinneret plate in a multi-layer concentric ring belt; the centers of all the spinneret orifices are located on concentric circular ring belts, and the spinneret orifices on the same circular ring belt are arranged at equal intervals.
3. The method for preparing cotton-like polyester fiber according to claim 2, wherein:
the number of spinneret orifices arranged on the circular ring belt of any layer is the same;
and/or;
the annular belt is set to be 2 layers, and the included angle alpha of adjacent spinneret orifices on the adjacent 2 layers of annular belts is 8-20 degrees.
4. The method for preparing cotton-like polyester fiber according to claim 2, wherein:
the number ratio of the three-leaf Y-shaped section spinneret orifices to the 3C-shaped section spinneret orifices on any ring belt is (1.5-3) to 1.
5. The method for preparing cotton-like polyester fiber according to claim 1, wherein:
the three-blade Y-shaped section spinneret hole is 0.15-0.20 mm long in blade and 0.06-0.10 mm wide in blade;
and the Y-shaped included angle beta of the spinneret orifices with the three-blade Y-shaped cross sections is 120 degrees, and the included angle beta points to the central direction of the composite spinneret plate.
6. The method for preparing cotton-like polyester fiber according to claim 1, wherein:
the 3C-shaped section spinneret orifices comprise 3C-shaped rings, the included angle between 2C-shaped rings is 120 degrees, the distance between the C-shaped rings is 0.04-0.09 mm, the inner diameter of each C-shaped ring is 0.3-0.4 mm, and the outer diameter of each C-shaped ring is 0.45-0.50 mm.
7. The method for preparing cotton-like polyester fiber according to claim 1, wherein:
the addition amount of the titanium dioxide in the full-dull polyester chip or melt is 2-3 wt%, and the particle size is 0.8-1.5 mu m.
8. The method for preparing cotton-like polyester fiber according to claim 1, wherein:
in the drying step, the temperature for drying the cut pieces: 155-165 ℃; drying time of slices: 8-10 hours;
temperature in each zone of the screw extruder: 278 to 295 ℃;
spinning box temperature: 289-295 ℃;
adopt the cooling form of blowing by compound spinneret center to outer ring in the cooling process, the wind pressure: 40-50 Pa, wind temperature: 20-22 ℃ and rheumatism: more than or equal to 70 wt%;
height of oiling frame in spinning: 800-1100 mm;
the oil-containing filaments after being stretched and shaped by the hot roller are sequentially wound and formed by an SR1 guide disc and an SR2 guide disc, wherein:
SR1 disk guide speed: 2600 to 2900 m/min;
SR2 disk guide speed: 2615-2915 m/min;
winding speed: 2595-2905 m/min;
in the elasticizing process of the elasticizing machine:
vehicle speed: 500-800 m/min;
a first hot box: 155-178 ℃;
a second hot box: 140-165 ℃;
draft multiple: 1.68-1.78;
D/Y ratio: 1.6 to 1.8;
network pressure: 0.1 to 0.2 MPa.
9. The preparation method of the cotton-like polyester fiber according to claim 1, wherein the physical indexes of the modified polyester POY fiber are as follows:
linear density: 87-178 dtex;
breaking strength: 1.9-2.1 cn/dtex;
elongation at break: 120-150%;
oil content: 0.35-0.40%;
unevenness of evenness: 0.5-0.7%;
and/or;
the physical indexes of the polyester DTY fiber are as follows:
linear density: 53 to 111 dtex;
breaking strength: 3.51-3.83 cn/dtex;
elongation at break: 21-25%;
crimp shrinkage: 9-11%;
curl stability: 70-85%;
shrinkage in boiling water: 2.5-2.8%;
network degree: 80-90 pieces/m.
10. The cotton-like polyester fiber is characterized by being prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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