CN1146841C - Monitoring system for real-time displaying running state of subway - Google Patents
Monitoring system for real-time displaying running state of subway Download PDFInfo
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- CN1146841C CN1146841C CNB001142690A CN00114269A CN1146841C CN 1146841 C CN1146841 C CN 1146841C CN B001142690 A CNB001142690 A CN B001142690A CN 00114269 A CN00114269 A CN 00114269A CN 1146841 C CN1146841 C CN 1146841C
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- optical fiber
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a monitoring system for real-time displaying running state of a subway, which comprises an optical fiber, an optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR), and mechanical motion sensing mechanisms, wherein the OTDR is connected to any end of the optical fiber; the mechanical motion sensing mechanisms are distributed on the optical fiber according to definite density. The present invention has the advantages of simple structure, easy installation, low cost, real-time and simultaneous multiple monitoring functions, high environmental suitability, no need of regular maintenance for protection.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of automation, specifically relate to a kind of monitoring system of utilizing the optical fiber sensing technology real-time displaying running state of subway.
Background technology
The monitoring to train operation position and speed realizes by track circuit in the subway at present.So-called track circuit, utilize rail as the carrier of information transmission and the circuit that constitutes exactly, the parameter that can influence track circuit that contacts of wheel shaft and track is carried out calculation process by the signal to each section track circuit during train operation, determines whether corresponding orbital segment is occupied.Fig. 1 is the formation block diagram of existing track circuit.This is a kind of typical collecting and distributing type mode of operation, and each section track circuit all is equipped with independently signal sending circuit and receiving circuit, is referred to as track circuit equipment, and every suit track circuit equipment links to each other with central control room again.Fig. 2 is the equipment pie graph of track section circuit.One section 20 kilometers track needs the such track circuit of covers up to a hundred.Its structure and working method have determined that there is following shortcoming in track circuit:
(1) the circuit arrangement structure is huge, complicated, installation and maintenance is inconvenient, involves great expense;
(2) owing to electronics, electrical equipment are worked in rugged environment for a long time, need frequent maintenance, maintenance could guarantee reliability, just need change every some months usually and repair once;
(3) because the electromagnetic interference (EMI) that powerful train traction electric current causes has a strong impact on the reliability of its action;
(4) there is serious phase mutual interference between each section track circuit, influences the reliability of its action;
(5) can only determine whether certain section track is occupied, and can not accurately measure the position and the speed thereof of train.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art and a kind of system that utilizes optical fiber sensing technology that running state of subway is monitored in real time is provided, this system utilizes sensitivity and the optical time domain reflection technology of optical fiber to crooked deformation, be the real-time monitoring that an available optical fiber is realized tens kilometers running state of subway, this system can improve the security and the reliability of subway operation effectively.
The technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of monitoring system of real-time displaying running state of subway, comprise optical fiber, optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR), optical time domain reflectometer is connected any end of optical fiber, it also comprises the mechanical shift sensing mechanism, and described mechanical shift sensing mechanism is pressed certain Density Distribution on optical fiber.
Mechanical shift sensing mechanism of the present invention comprises that wherein one section and the reflection train of optical fiber are through causing the member of mechanical shift, described this section fibre-optical bending becomes the U font, two tops of U font optical fiber are fixed with fixed block, the fibre loss critical bends radiuses such as bending radius of bottom, and be fixed on the reflection train through causing on the member of mechanical shift.
As a kind of form of the present invention, described reflection train is through causing member one reed of mechanical shift, and an end of reed is fixed with fixed block, and the other end is connected with the bottom of U font optical fiber.The vibration that train operation produces is changed to reed by air, makes it to produce up-down vibration, and affects the fiber-optic vibration that is attached thereto, thereby changed the degree of crook of optical fiber at this place, makes light signal produce added losses at this place; Can regulate its resonant frequency by the length that changes reed, absorb the energy of vibration as much as possible.This vibrating sensing mechanism can be installed in the sidewall of subway tunnel, is used for the vibration monitoring that train driving produces, and determines the position and the travelling speed of train by vibration monitoring.
As another kind of form of the present invention, described reflection train is through causing that the member of mechanical shift is an oscillator, and the two ends of oscillator are connected on the fixed block by spring respectively, and the oscillator body is connected with the bottom of U font optical fiber.This mechanism is fit to be installed on the roadbed, and oscillator affects the fiber-optic vibration that is attached thereto after absorbing vibration, thereby has changed the degree of crook of optical fiber at this place, makes light signal produce added losses at this place; Change the weight of oscillator or the tension force of spring, can regulate the resonant frequency of oscillator, reach the purpose of resonance.This each mechanism can be used for the vibration monitoring that train driving produces, and determines the position and the travelling speed of train by vibration monitoring.
As another kind of form of the present invention, described reflection train is through causing that the member of mechanical shift is a fan blade, and fan blade places in the hollow obturator, and obturator is provided with a trumpet type air intake vent; One end of fan blade is connected with obturator by rotating shaft, and the other end is connected on the fixed block by spring, and the middle part of fan blade is connected with the bottom of U font optical fiber.Trumpet type air intake vent wherein is over against the travel direction of train, during approaching train because its piston effect, in the tunnel, form very strong blast, fan blade in the sensing mechanism is subjected to the effect of blast and rotates, and drive the optical fiber be attached thereto, increased the degree of crook of optical fiber, caused that optical fiber produces added losses at this place; The elasticity coefficient that changes spring can be regulated the sensitivity of fan blade to blast.
As another kind of form of the present invention, described reflection train is through causing that the structure of mechanical shift is a lever, and the fulcrum of lever is located on the tunnel wall, and an end of lever is connected with the roadbed in tunnel, and the other end is connected with the bottom of U font optical fiber.The subgrade settlement that train causes when crossing or being parked in this place is the flexural deformation of optical fiber by the transmitting and converting of lever, causes that optical fiber produces added losses at this place; The sensitivity to subgrade settlement can be regulated in the position of change lever fulcrum.This mechanism causes the monitoring of subgrade settlement state in the time of can being used for train driving, and determines the position and the travelling speed of train according to the position of subgrade settlement.
More than the something in common of four kinds of mechanical shift sensing mechanisms all be that fibre-optical bending is become the U font, two tops of U font optical fiber are fixed; The bending radius of bottom equals fibre loss critical bends radius, is about 3cm, and is fixed on and can reflects that train is through causing on the structure of mechanical shift.Test shows, even the upper and lower displacement that the crooked position in U type bottom produces 50 μ m, the intensity of light signal also can produce the variation (the corresponding 0.2dB of 5% loss) of a few percent, and the variation of this light signal strength is easy to detect with optical time domain reflectometer OTDR.The OTDR signal intensity adjusted the distance differentiate, then obtain a light signal strength modulation peak corresponding with the light signal strength variation, the height at modulation peak increases with the increase of this place's fibre-optical bending deformation, thereby has also just reflected the degree that this part of handling affairs takes place, as shown in Figure 8.
Similarly the mechanical shift sensing mechanism can also be used to monitor the duty of subway signal lamp, promptly with the transformer folding that seldom energy comes pilot relay that in the electric loop of signal lamp, is coupled, this retractable mechanical system design motion can be converted to the crooked deformation of optical fiber equally, thus the on off operating mode of reflected signal light; The mechanical shift that track switch is pulled generation also can be converted to the flexural deformation of optical fiber, monitors the state of track switch with this; The variation of same water level can be the flexural deformation of optical fiber by the movement conversion of ball float, to realize the monitoring to SEA LEVEL VARIATION.In actual applications, to lay one or more optical fiber along the line at tens kilometers subway, and, on optical fiber, form a series of mechanical shift sensing mechanisms by certain density, and encoded one by one in the function and the position of sensing mechanism according to the requirement of bearing accuracy; Any end at optical fiber uses optical time domain reflectometer OTDR to monitor.The optical time domain reflectometer OTDR that is widely used in the fiber optic network localization of fault at present can measure the loss abnormity point of the optical fiber of 20km easily at arbitrary end, bearing accuracy is the magnitude of rice, sensitivity reaches 0.01dB, the loss of its correspondence 0.23% changes, and can reach the refresh rate of per second 2.5 times with the mode of operation of real time scan.OTDR also has data storage, printing and the function of communicating by letter with outer computer, therefore can link to each other with OTDR with computing machine, and the running status of all records is formed historical record, calls for later analysis.
Compare with existing track circuit technology, the present invention has following tangible advantage:
(1) can realize multinomial monitoring function in real time, simultaneously: determine the subway train position with higher precision; Measure the speed of train operation; The vibration that produces when detecting train operation, the position of pointing out to produce abnormal vibrations; The sinking situation of monitoring subway roadbed is indicated unusual position; The duty of monitoring turnout and signal lamp provides fault alarm; The monitoring SEA LEVEL VARIATION provides overload alarm.
(2) simple in structure, easy for installation, cheap.
(3) be installed in the just optical fiber at subway scene and the vibrating sensing mechanism that constitutes by simple and mechanical parts.Optical fiber is made of quartz glass core and plastics covering, has corrosion-resistant, moisture-proof, high-low temperature resistant, and its reliability of using in rugged surroundings has obtained proof in the use of the communications field; The vibrating sensing mechanism that is made of simple and mechanical parts also has very high reliability; Accurate photoelectric measurement equipment OTDR only uses at the port of optical fiber, can place working environment preferably, and present commercial OTDR also has the portable type of working in the open air, have very high environmental suitability, therefore the reliability of this technology does not need frequent maintenance to ensure yet.
(4) because the light sensing principle that this technology is used, system does not have electric signal in the part at subway scene, so the powerful electromagnetic interference (EMI) that produces of train traction electric current can not influence the work of system, does not have the electromagnetic interference problem between the track circuit yet.
The present invention is done the explanation in a nearly step below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the formation block diagram of existing track circuit;
Fig. 2 is the equipment pie graph of track section circuit;
Fig. 3 is that system of the present invention forms synoptic diagram;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of mechanical shift sensing mechanism embodiment 1 of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of mechanical shift sensing mechanism embodiment 2 of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of mechanical shift sensing mechanism embodiment 3 of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of mechanical shift sensing mechanism embodiment 4 of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of the present invention with the deformation of OTDR commercial measurement fibre-optical bending;
Fig. 9 is that the present invention is to the position of subway train and the synoptic diagram of the real-time monitoring scheme of speed.
Embodiment
The monitoring system of real-time displaying running state of subway of the present invention, comprise optical fiber 1, optical time domain reflectometer 18, optical time domain reflectometer 18 is connected any end of optical fiber 1, it also comprises mechanical shift sensing mechanism 19, mechanical shift sensing mechanism 19 is pressed certain Density Distribution on optical fiber 1, as shown in Figure 3.Mechanical shift sensing mechanism 19 comprises that wherein one section and the reflection train of optical fiber 1 are through causing the member of mechanical shift, this section fibre-optical bending becomes the U font, two tops of U font optical fiber 1 are fixed with fixed block 2, the bending radius of bottom equals fibre loss critical bends radius, and is fixed on the reflection train through causing on the member of mechanical shift.
As the embodiment of the invention 1, described reflection train is through causing that the member of mechanical shift is a reed 3, and an end of reed 3 is fixing with fixed block 4, and the other end is connected with the bottom of U font optical fiber 1, as shown in Figure 4.
As the embodiment of the invention 2, described reflection train is through causing that the member of mechanical shift is an oscillator 5, and the two ends of oscillator 5 are connected on the fixed block 7 by spring 6 respectively, and oscillator 5 bodies are connected with the bottom of U font optical fiber 1, as shown in Figure 5.
As the embodiment of the invention 3, described reflection train is through causing that the member of mechanical shift is a fan blade 8, and fan blade 8 places in the hollow obturator 9, and obturator 9 is provided with a trumpet type air intake vent 10; One end of fan blade 8 is connected with obturator 9 by rotating shaft 11, and the other end is connected on the fixed block 13 by spring 12, and the middle part of fan blade 8 is connected with the bottom of U font with U font optical fiber 1, as shown in Figure 6.
As the embodiment of the invention 4, described reflection train is through causing that the member of mechanical shift is a lever 14, and the fulcrum 15 of lever 14 is located on the tunnel wall 16, and an end of lever 14 is connected with the roadbed 17 in tunnel, the other end is connected with the bottom of U font optical fiber 1, as shown in Figure 7.
Fig. 9 is that the present invention is to the position of subway train and the synoptic diagram of the real-time monitoring scheme of speed, wherein Fig. 9 (a) is the overall formation of system: lay an optical fiber 1 along the line at subway tunnel, and on optical fiber, form track sinking sensing mechanism 19 with the spacing of 50m, carry out continual real-time monitoring with optical time domain reflectometer 18 at an end of optical fiber; Fig. 9 (b) has illustrated the principle of System Operation: for example train a and train b move in the different locations in subway simultaneously, the present the most close a certain track sinking sensing mechanism of train a, at the curve on the OTDR display screen the higher light signal strength modulation peak of amplitude can appear so on corresponding distance, according to this peak and lead the relative amplitude at two peaks mutually, can determine the position of train a; Along with train moves forward, it is the track sinking sensing mechanism of close back successively, can occur the higher light signal strength modulation peak of amplitude successively at the curve on the OTDR display screen on corresponding distance so, the mistiming that occurs amplitude peak according to adjacent two light signal strengths modulation peak can calculate the instantaneous velocity that train a moves; The similar processing of situation to train b.Therefore this system can monitor and be recorded in the running status of all trains that move on the subway simultaneously.On software, can design graphical interfaces more intuitively in addition, be presented at position, speed and the parking spot of all trains that move on the subway.
The monitoring of vibration, blast, track switch state, signal lamp state and water position status is then by realizing at same optical fiber or the corresponding sensing mechanism that forms on many optical fiber.Various state exchanges were the light signal strength modulation peak of specific amplitude scope on the optical fiber ad-hoc location when subway normally moved, if the amplitude at light signal strength modulation peak exceeds normal range on some position, perhaps occur in the position that should not occur, or on the position of this appearance, do not have, reflect that then abnormality appears in this place.For example, the vibrating sensing mechanism when the somewhere causes the light signal strength modulation peak that amplitude is higher, then shows to have produced stronger vibration this moment, and it is loosening that this situation means that usually track occurs at this place, the repairing of should in time sending someone; Perhaps, the light signal strength modulation peak that the amplitude that all causes when a certain train passes through all vibrating sensing mechanisms is higher then might be that this train exists mechanical fault, also should be in time out of service, overhauled; And for example, when send pull open the track switch signal after, be installed in displacement sensing mechanism on this track switch and do not provide corresponding light signal strength modulation peak, reflect that then this track switch does not have regular event, should take measures in time to prevent that accident from taking place.
Claims (5)
1, a kind of monitoring system of real-time displaying running state of subway, comprise optical fiber (1), optical time domain reflectometer (18), optical time domain reflectometer (18) is connected any end of optical fiber (1), it is characterized in that: also comprise mechanical shift sensing mechanism (19), described mechanical shift sensing mechanism (19) is pressed certain Density Distribution on optical fiber (1), mechanical shift sensing mechanism (19) comprises that wherein one section and the reflection train of optical fiber (1) are through causing the member of mechanical shift, this section fibre-optical bending becomes the U font, two tops of U font optical fiber (1) are fixed with fixed block (2), the bending radius of bottom equals fibre loss critical bends radius, and the bottom also is fixed on the reflection train through causing on the member of mechanical shift.
2, the monitoring system of a kind of real-time displaying running state of subway according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described reflection train is through causing that the member of mechanical shift is a reed (3), one end of reed is fixing with fixed block (4), and the other end is connected with the bottom of U font optical fiber (1).
3, the monitoring system of a kind of real-time displaying running state of subway according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described reflection train is through causing that the member of mechanical shift is an oscillator (5), the two ends of oscillator are connected on the fixed block (7) by spring (6) respectively, and oscillator (5) body is connected with the bottom of U font optical fiber (1).
4, the monitoring system of a kind of real-time displaying running state of subway according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described reflection train is through causing that the member of mechanical shift is a fan blade (8), fan blade (8) places in the hollow obturator (9), and obturator (9) is provided with a trumpet type air intake vent (10); One end of fan blade (8) is connected with obturator (9) by rotating shaft (11), and the other end is connected on the fixed block (13) by spring (12), and the middle part of fan blade (8) is connected with the bottom of U font optical fiber (1).
5, the monitoring system of a kind of real-time displaying running state of subway according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described reflection train is through causing that the member of mechanical shift is a lever (14), the fulcrum (15) of lever (14) is located on the tunnel wall (16), one end of lever (14) is connected with the roadbed (17) in tunnel, and the other end is connected with the bottom of U font optical fiber (10).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB001142690A CN1146841C (en) | 2000-05-17 | 2000-05-17 | Monitoring system for real-time displaying running state of subway |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB001142690A CN1146841C (en) | 2000-05-17 | 2000-05-17 | Monitoring system for real-time displaying running state of subway |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1272436A CN1272436A (en) | 2000-11-08 |
| CN1146841C true CN1146841C (en) | 2004-04-21 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CNB001142690A Expired - Fee Related CN1146841C (en) | 2000-05-17 | 2000-05-17 | Monitoring system for real-time displaying running state of subway |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| NZ710096A (en) * | 2013-01-15 | 2018-11-30 | Magic Leap Inc | Ultra-high resolution scanning fiber display |
| CN106355322A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-01-25 | 国网河南省电力公司南阳供电公司 | Online power grid environment disaster monitoring platform |
| CN106441423A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-22 | 国网河南省电力公司南阳供电公司 | Online monitoring platform for underground cable channels of urban power grids |
| CN115574724A (en) * | 2022-11-15 | 2023-01-06 | 西南交通大学 | Railway turnout movable steel rail displacement monitoring device, monitoring method and evaluation method |
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| CN1272436A (en) | 2000-11-08 |
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Granted publication date: 20040421 Termination date: 20140517 |