CN114683965A - Insulation detection device of high-voltage power supply loop, battery pack and electric automobile - Google Patents
Insulation detection device of high-voltage power supply loop, battery pack and electric automobile Download PDFInfo
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- CN114683965A CN114683965A CN202011623357.7A CN202011623357A CN114683965A CN 114683965 A CN114683965 A CN 114683965A CN 202011623357 A CN202011623357 A CN 202011623357A CN 114683965 A CN114683965 A CN 114683965A
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 144
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 119
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 6
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- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/396—Acquisition or processing of data for testing or for monitoring individual cells or groups of cells within a battery
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
- G01R31/52—Testing for short-circuits, leakage current or ground faults
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses an insulation detection device of a high-voltage power supply loop, a battery pack and an electric automobile, wherein the insulation detection device comprises: the first switch is used for controlling the on-off of the positive electrode of the power battery and the positive electrode contactor, the second switch is used for controlling the on-off of the negative electrode of the power battery and the negative electrode contactor, and the third switch is connected with the positive electrode contactor in parallel; the high-voltage power supply system comprises a fourth switch connected in parallel with a negative contactor, a voltage detection unit for detecting positive and negative voltage-to-ground of the high-voltage power supply loop, a voltage adjustment unit for adjusting the positive or negative voltage-to-ground of the high-voltage power supply loop, and a detection control unit for controlling the on-off of the switch and the voltage adjustment unit so as to obtain the insulation state of the high-voltage power supply loop. Therefore, the whole vehicle insulation detection can be realized when the electric vehicle is in a pure heating working condition, the safety of the whole vehicle is improved, and the personal safety is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electric automobiles, in particular to an insulation detection device of a high-voltage power supply loop in an electric automobile, a battery pack and the electric automobile.
Background
The insulation performance of an electric automobile directly influences the safe and reliable operation of the electric automobile, the pure electric automobiles on the market at present basically have an insulation detection function, the requirements for insulation detection form national standards at present, and the national standard GB18384-2020 provides specific requirements standards for insulation resistance values and test methods.
Most vehicles at present arrange insulating detection circuitry in the battery package, carry out insulating detection charging with the in-process of traveling, however electric automobile has some special operating modes, if the pure operating mode that adds, the pure operating mode that adds means that pure electric automobile can get into the pure heating state earlier under the lower (for example be less than zero degrees centigrade) condition of battery temperature when charging through filling the stake slowly, heats the battery through filling the electric pile power supply promptly, after heating to the uniform temperature, the battery gets into the charged state again. The pure heating working condition is a very common working condition in winter in the north.
However, the current national standard only provides the insulation detection standard of the vehicle in the driving mode, and no insulation detection standard aiming at the pure heating working condition exists. In the related art, the insulation detection function is not comprehensively considered during design, and the detection circuit is unreasonable in arrangement, so that the whole vehicle does not have the insulation detection function under the pure heating working condition, the whole vehicle has the electric leakage risk, and potential safety hazards are caused to drivers, passengers and other nearby drivers.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving, at least to some extent, one of the technical problems in the related art. Therefore, the first objective of the present invention is to provide an insulation detection device for a high voltage power supply loop in an electric vehicle, so that the electric vehicle can realize the insulation detection of the whole vehicle under the pure heating condition, which is helpful for improving the safety of the whole vehicle and ensuring the personal safety.
The second objective of the invention is to provide a battery pack.
The third purpose of the invention is to provide an electric automobile.
In order to achieve the above object, according to a first aspect of the present invention, an insulation detection apparatus for a high voltage power supply loop in an electric vehicle is provided, where the high voltage power supply loop includes a power battery, a positive contactor connected to a positive electrode of the power battery, and a negative contactor connected to a negative electrode of the power battery, and the detection apparatus includes: the first switch is connected between the positive pole of the power battery and one end of the positive pole contactor and is used for controlling the on-off of the positive pole of the power battery and the positive pole contactor; the second switch is connected between the negative electrode of the power battery and one end of the negative electrode contactor and is used for controlling the on-off of the negative electrode of the power battery and the negative electrode contactor; the third switch is connected with the positive electrode contactor in parallel; the fourth switch is connected with the negative contactor in parallel; one end of the voltage detection unit is connected between the first switch and one end of the anode contactor, and the other end of the voltage detection unit is connected between the second switch and one end of the cathode contactor and is used for detecting the anode ground voltage and the cathode ground voltage of the high-voltage power supply loop; one end of the voltage adjusting unit is connected between the first switch and one end of the positive electrode contactor, and the other end of the voltage adjusting unit is connected between the second switch and one end of the negative electrode contactor and is used for adjusting the positive electrode voltage-to-ground voltage or the negative electrode voltage-to-ground voltage of the high-voltage power supply loop; and the detection control unit is respectively connected with the first switch, the second switch, the third switch, the fourth switch, the voltage detection unit and the voltage adjustment unit, is used for carrying out on-off control on the first switch, the second switch, the third switch and the fourth switch, and controls the voltage adjustment unit so as to obtain the insulation state of the high-voltage power supply circuit according to the positive voltage-to-ground voltage and the negative voltage-to-ground voltage of the high-voltage power supply circuit before and after adjustment.
According to the insulation detection device of the high-voltage power supply loop in the electric automobile, the first switch controls the on-off of the positive electrode and the positive electrode contactor of the power battery, the second switch controls the on-off of the negative electrode and the negative electrode contactor of the power battery, and is connected with the anode contactor in parallel through a third switch, and the fourth switch is connected with the cathode contactor in parallel, and detecting the positive electrode ground voltage and the negative electrode ground voltage of the high-voltage power supply circuit through the voltage detection unit, and the voltage adjusting unit adjusts the anode voltage to ground or the cathode voltage to ground of the high-voltage power supply loop, and the first switch, the second switch, the third switch and the fourth switch are controlled to be switched on and off through the detection control unit, and controlling the voltage adjusting unit so as to acquire the insulation state of the high-voltage power supply circuit according to the anode-to-ground voltage and the cathode-to-ground voltage of the high-voltage power supply circuit before and after adjustment. Therefore, the whole vehicle insulation detection can be realized when the electric vehicle is in a pure heating working condition, the safety of the whole vehicle is improved, and the personal safety is ensured.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the detection control unit controls the first switch, the second switch, the third switch and the fourth switch to be in an on-off state when the high-voltage power supply loop is in a pure heating mode, and controls the first switch and the second switch to be in an off state and controls the third switch and the fourth switch to be in a closed state; when the high-voltage power supply loop is in a charging mode, controlling the first switch and the second switch to be in a closed state, and controlling the third switch and the fourth switch to be in an open state; and when the high-voltage power supply loop is in a self-checking mode of the power battery, the first switch and the second switch are controlled to be in a closed state, and the third switch and the fourth switch are controlled to be in an open state.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the detection control unit controls the voltage adjustment unit to acquire the insulation state of the high voltage supply circuit based on the positive electrode ground-to-voltage and the negative electrode ground-to-voltage of the high voltage supply circuit before and after adjustment, wherein if the positive electrode ground-to-voltage before adjustment is larger than the negative electrode ground-to-voltage, the detection control unit controls the voltage adjustment unit to adjust the positive electrode ground-to-voltage and acquires the insulation state of the high voltage supply circuit based on the positive electrode ground-to-voltage and the negative electrode ground-to-voltage before adjustment and the positive electrode ground-to-voltage after adjustment; and if the anode-to-ground voltage before adjustment is smaller than the cathode-to-ground voltage, the control voltage adjustment unit adjusts the cathode-to-ground voltage, and acquires the insulation state of the high-voltage power supply circuit according to the anode-to-ground voltage and the cathode-to-ground voltage before adjustment and the cathode-to-ground voltage after adjustment.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, a voltage adjusting unit includes: the fifth switch and the first resistor are connected in series, one end of the fifth switch, which is connected with the first resistor in series, is connected between the first switch and one end of the positive contactor, and the other end of the fifth switch, which is connected with the first resistor in series, is grounded; the sixth switch and the second resistor are connected in series, one end of the sixth switch, which is connected in series with the second resistor, is connected between the second switch and one end of the negative contactor, and the other end of the sixth switch, which is connected in series with the second resistor, is grounded; the detection control unit adjusts the positive electrode voltage to ground by controlling the fifth switch to be in a closed state and the sixth switch to be in an open state, and adjusts the negative electrode voltage to ground by controlling the fifth switch to be in an open state and the sixth switch to be in a closed state.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, a voltage detection unit includes: the third resistor and the fourth resistor are connected in series, one end of the third resistor and one end of the fourth resistor after being connected in series are connected between the first switch and one end of the positive electrode contactor, the other end of the third resistor and the fourth resistor after being connected in series are grounded, and a connection point of the third resistor and the fourth resistor is used as a positive electrode voltage-to-ground detection point of the high-voltage power supply loop and is connected with the detection control unit; the high-voltage power supply circuit comprises a fifth resistor and a sixth resistor which are connected in series, one end of the fifth resistor and one end of the sixth resistor after being connected in series are connected between a second switch and one end of a negative contactor, the other end of the fifth resistor and the other end of the sixth resistor after being connected in series are grounded, and a connection point of the fifth resistor and the sixth resistor is used as a negative voltage-to-ground voltage detection point of the high-voltage power supply circuit to be connected with a detection control unit.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, when the positive electrode voltage to ground before adjustment is greater than the negative electrode voltage to ground, the detection control unit acquires the insulation state of the high-voltage power supply circuit by:
wherein Rn is a negative electrode ground insulation resistor of the high-voltage power supply circuit, VH is a positive electrode ground voltage before adjustment, VL is a positive electrode ground voltage after adjustment, VL is a negative electrode ground voltage before adjustment, and R1, R3 and R4 are resistance values of the first resistor, the third resistor and the fourth resistor, respectively.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, when the positive electrode voltage to ground before adjustment is less than the negative electrode voltage to ground, the detection control unit acquires the insulation state of the high voltage supply circuit by:
wherein Rp is a positive electrode ground insulation resistor of the high-voltage power supply circuit, VL is a negative electrode ground voltage before adjustment, VH is a negative electrode ground voltage after adjustment, VH is a positive electrode ground voltage before adjustment, and R2, R5 and R6 are resistances of the second resistor, the fifth resistor and the sixth resistor, respectively.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the first switch, the second switch, the third switch, the fourth switch, the fifth switch and the sixth switch are all MOS transistors.
In order to achieve the above object, a second aspect of the present invention provides a battery pack, which includes the above insulation detection apparatus for a high voltage power supply loop in an electric vehicle.
According to the battery pack provided by the embodiment of the invention, the insulation detection device of the high-voltage power supply loop in the electric automobile enables the whole automobile to realize the insulation detection of the whole automobile under the pure heating working condition, thereby being beneficial to improving the safety of the whole automobile in use and ensuring the personal safety.
In order to achieve the above object, a third embodiment of the present invention provides an electric vehicle, which includes the above battery pack.
According to the electric automobile provided by the embodiment of the invention, the battery pack is provided with the insulation detection device of the high-voltage power supply loop in the electric automobile, so that the whole automobile insulation detection can be realized when the electric automobile is in a pure heating working condition, the improvement of the safety of the whole automobile in use is facilitated, and the personal safety is ensured.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an insulation detection device of a high-voltage power supply loop in an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
The following describes an insulation detection device for a high-voltage power supply circuit in an electric vehicle, a battery pack and the electric vehicle, with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an insulation detection device of a high-voltage power supply loop in an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the high voltage power supply circuit includes a power battery 111, a positive contactor 112, a negative contactor 113, a heating unit 114, and a pre-charging unit 115. The positive electrode of the power battery 111 is connected with one end of the positive electrode contactor 112, and the other end of the positive electrode contactor 112 is connected with the positive electrode output end of the battery pack 100; the negative electrode of the power battery 111 is connected with one end of a negative electrode contactor 113, and the other end of the negative electrode contactor 113 is connected with the negative electrode output end of the battery pack 100; the heating unit 114 is used for providing a suitable temperature environment for the power battery 111 to work, the heating unit 114 comprises a heating resistor R7 and a heating switch S7 which are connected in series, and the heating resistor R7 and the heating switch S7 are connected in series and then connected in parallel between the other end of the positive contactor 111 and the other end of the negative contactor 113; the pre-charging unit 115 is used for pre-charging the capacitor, the pre-charging unit 115 includes a pre-charging resistor R8 and a pre-charging switch S8 connected in series, and the pre-charging resistor R8 and the pre-charging switch S8 are connected in series and then connected in parallel with the positive contactor 112.
With continued reference to fig. 1, the insulation detection device of the high-voltage power supply circuit includes: a first switch S1, a second switch S2, a third switch S3, a fourth switch S4, a voltage detection unit 121, a voltage adjustment unit 122, and a detection control unit (not shown in the figure). The first switch S1 is connected between the positive electrode of the power battery 111 and one end of the positive electrode contactor 112, and is used for controlling the on/off of the positive electrode of the power battery 111 and the positive electrode contactor 112; the second switch S2 is connected between the negative electrode of the power battery 111 and one end of the negative electrode contactor 113, and is used for controlling the on-off of the negative electrode of the power battery 111 and the negative electrode contactor 113; the third switch S3 is connected in parallel with the positive contactor 112; the fourth switch S4 is connected in parallel with the negative contactor 113; one end of the voltage detecting unit 121 is connected between the first switch S1 and one end of the positive contactor 112, and the other end of the voltage detecting unit 121 is connected between the second switch S2 and one end of the negative contactor 113, for detecting a positive ground voltage VH and a negative ground voltage VL of the high voltage power supply circuit; one end of the voltage adjusting unit 122 is connected between the first switch S1 and one end of the positive contactor 112, and the other end of the voltage adjusting unit 122 is connected between the second switch S2 and one end of the negative contactor 113, for adjusting the positive voltage-to-ground VH or the negative voltage-to-ground VL of the high voltage supply circuit; the detection control unit is connected to the first switch S1, the second switch S2, the third switch S3, the fourth switch S4, the voltage detection unit 121 and the voltage adjustment unit 122, respectively, and is used for performing on-off control on the first switch S1, the second switch S2, the third switch S3 and the fourth switch S4, and controlling the voltage adjustment unit 122 so as to obtain the insulation state of the high-voltage power supply circuit according to the positive electrode ground voltage VH and the negative electrode ground voltage VL of the high-voltage power supply circuit before and after adjustment.
The insulation state of the high-voltage power supply circuit can be expressed by insulation resistance to ground, and may include positive insulation resistance to ground and negative insulation resistance to ground. For example, in fig. 1, Rp connected by a dotted line is a positive electrode ground insulation resistance, Rn is a negative electrode ground insulation resistance, both are equivalent resistances, and the dotted line is not connected to an actual vehicle circuit, but the positive electrode ground insulation resistance Rp and the negative electrode ground insulation resistance Rn are actually present, so that an insulation state of the high-voltage power supply circuit can be obtained based on the positive electrode ground insulation resistance Rp and the negative electrode ground insulation resistance Rn.
The detection of the insulation state of the high-voltage power supply loop can be divided into three categories: the method comprises the following steps of detection of an insulation state in a pure heating mode, detection of an insulation state in a charging mode and detection of an insulation state in a power battery self-checking mode. The pure heating mode is that before the whole vehicle enters a slow charging mode, when the temperature of the power battery is detected to be lower than a certain value, the vehicle-mounted charger OBC is prohibited from charging the power battery, that is, the positive contactor 112, the negative contactor 113 and the pre-charging switch S8 are all in an open state, and the heating switch S7 is controlled to be in a closed state, so that the power battery 111 is heated by heating through the heating resistor R7, and therefore the phenomenon that the power battery is charged at a low temperature and lithium is separated from the power battery, internal short circuit is caused, the service life of the power battery is influenced, and uncontrollable serious consequences are generated is avoided. The charging mode is to charge the power battery 111 through charging equipment such as an on-board charger OBC, and the specific charging process is to control the pre-charging switch S8 and the negative contactor 113 to be in a closed state to pre-charge the capacitor and the like, then control the positive contactor 112 to be in a closed state, and control the pre-charging switch S8 to be in an open state to charge the power battery 111. The power battery self-test mode is to detect the state of the power battery 111 itself. Further, the detection of the insulation state in the pure heating mode specifically refers to the detection of the insulation state of the high-voltage power supply circuit outside the battery pack 100 in the pure heating mode, the detection of the insulation state in the charging mode specifically refers to the detection of the insulation state of the entire charging circuit of the battery pack 100 in the charging mode, and the detection of the insulation state in the power battery self-checking mode may include various situations, such as the detection of the insulation state of the power battery before high-voltage power-on, or the detection of the insulation state of the power battery after high-voltage power-on.
Wherein, when the insulation state is detected, the detection control unit can control the on-off of the first switch S1, the second switch S2, the third switch S3 and the fourth switch S4, to introduce the high voltage to be detected to the voltage detecting unit 121 and the voltage adjusting unit 122, the voltage detection unit 121 then detects the positive voltage VH and the negative voltage VL of the high voltage supply circuit, and controls the voltage adjusting unit 122 to adjust the positive electrode-to-ground voltage VH or the negative electrode-to-ground voltage VL of the high voltage power supply circuit, further calculating according to the anode-to-ground voltage VH or the cathode-to-ground voltage VL of the high-voltage power supply circuit before and after adjustment to obtain the anode-to-ground insulation resistance Rp or the cathode-to-ground insulation resistance Rn of the high-voltage power supply circuit, and determining the insulation state of the high-voltage power supply loop according to the anode-to-ground insulation resistance Rp or the cathode-to-ground insulation resistance Rn.
Therefore, the first switch, the second switch, the third switch and the fourth switch are controlled to be turned on and off, the voltage detection unit is used for detecting the anode voltage-to-ground voltage and the cathode voltage-to-ground voltage of the high-voltage power supply circuit, the voltage adjustment unit is controlled to adjust the anode voltage-to-ground voltage or the cathode voltage-to-ground voltage of the high-voltage power supply circuit, and the insulation state of the high-voltage power supply circuit is obtained according to the anode voltage-to-ground voltage and the cathode voltage-to-ground voltage of the high-voltage power supply circuit before and after adjustment, so that the insulation state detection of the high-voltage power supply circuit under various working conditions can be realized, the use safety of the whole vehicle is improved, and the personal safety is ensured.
In one embodiment, the detection control unit controls the first switch S1, the second switch S2, the third switch S3 and the fourth switch S4 to be in an on-off state, wherein when the high-voltage power supply circuit is in a pure heating mode, the first switch S1 and the second switch S2 are controlled to be in an off state, and the third switch S3 and the fourth switch S4 are controlled to be in a on state; when the high-voltage power supply loop is in the charging mode, controlling the first switch S1 and the second switch S2 to be in a closed state, and controlling the third switch S3 and the fourth switch S4 to be in an open state; when the high-voltage power supply loop is in the self-test mode of the power battery, the first switch S1 and the second switch S2 are controlled to be in a closed state, and the third switch S3 and the fourth switch S4 are controlled to be in an open state.
That is, when the high voltage power supply circuit is in the pure heating mode, the detection of the insulation state in this mode is performed by controlling the first switch S1 and the second switch S2 to be in the open state and controlling the third switch S3 and the fourth switch S4 to be in the closed state based on the characteristics of the high voltage power supply circuit in the pure heating mode, so as to introduce the high voltage power outside the battery pack to the voltage detection unit 121 and the voltage adjustment unit 122. When the high-voltage power supply circuit is in the charging mode, based on the characteristics of the high-voltage power supply circuit in the charging mode, the high-voltage power of the charging circuit is introduced to the voltage detection unit 121 and the voltage adjustment unit 122 by controlling the first switch S1 and the second switch S2 to be in the closed state and controlling the third switch S3 and the fourth switch S4 to be in the open state, so as to perform the detection of the insulation state in the mode. When the high-voltage power supply loop is in the power battery self-checking mode, based on the characteristics of the high-voltage power supply loop in the power battery self-checking mode, the high-voltage power of the power battery is led to the voltage detection unit 121 and the voltage adjustment unit 122 by controlling the first switch S1 and the second switch S2 to be in a closed state and controlling the third switch S3 and the fourth switch S4 to be in an open state, so that the insulation state of the power battery is detected in the mode.
Therefore, through reasonable control over the first switch, the second switch, the third switch and the fourth switch, high-voltage power to be detected can be led into the voltage detection unit and the voltage adjustment unit, and therefore detection of insulation states under different working conditions can be achieved.
In one embodiment, the detection control unit controls the voltage adjustment unit 122 to obtain the insulation state of the high voltage supply circuit according to the positive electrode-to-ground voltage VH and the negative electrode-to-ground voltage VL of the high voltage supply circuit before and after adjustment, wherein if the positive electrode-to-ground voltage VH before adjustment is greater than the negative electrode-to-ground voltage VL, the voltage adjustment unit 122 is controlled to adjust the positive electrode-to-ground voltage VH and obtain the insulation state of the high voltage supply circuit according to the positive electrode-to-ground voltage VH and the negative electrode-to-ground voltage VL before adjustment, and the positive electrode-to-ground voltage VH after adjustment; if the positive electrode-to-ground voltage VH before adjustment is smaller than the negative electrode-to-ground voltage VL, the control voltage adjusting unit 122 adjusts the negative electrode-to-ground voltage VL and acquires the insulation state of the high voltage supply circuit according to the positive electrode-to-ground voltage VH and the negative electrode-to-ground voltage VL before adjustment and the negative electrode-to-ground voltage VL after adjustment.
It should be noted that, when the insulation state of the high-voltage power supply circuit is detected, the detection processes in different modes are the same. Take the pure heating mode as an example. When the insulation state is detected, the detection control unit controls the first switch S1 and the second switch S2 to be in an open state and controls the third switch S3 and the fourth switch S4 to be in a closed state, and then the voltage detection unit 121 detects and judges the anode-to-ground voltage VH and the cathode-to-ground voltage VL of the high-voltage power supply circuit. If the positive electrode ground voltage VH is larger than the negative electrode ground voltage VL, which indicates that the positive electrode ground insulation resistance Rp is larger than the negative electrode ground insulation resistance Rn, then the control voltage adjusting unit 122 adjusts the positive electrode ground voltage VH, and further obtains the negative electrode ground insulation resistance Rn according to the positive electrode ground voltage VH and the negative electrode ground voltage VL before adjustment and the adjusted positive electrode ground voltage VH', so as to obtain the insulation state of the high-voltage power supply circuit; if the positive electrode ground voltage VH is smaller than the negative electrode ground voltage VL, which indicates that the positive electrode ground insulation resistance Rp is smaller than the negative electrode ground insulation resistance Rn, then the voltage adjusting unit 122 is controlled to adjust the negative electrode ground voltage VL, and further the positive electrode ground insulation resistance Rp is obtained according to the positive electrode ground voltage VH and the negative electrode ground voltage VL before adjustment and the negative electrode ground voltage VL' after adjustment, so as to obtain the insulation state of the high-voltage power supply circuit; if the positive electrode voltage VH is equal to the negative electrode voltage VL, the positive electrode voltage VH or the negative electrode voltage VL can be adjusted, which means that the positive electrode voltage Rp is equal to the negative electrode voltage Rn.
Therefore, the voltage detection unit detects the anode-to-ground voltage and the cathode-to-ground voltage of the high-voltage power supply circuit, the voltage adjustment unit adjusts the anode-to-ground voltage or the cathode-to-ground voltage of the high-voltage power supply circuit, and the insulation state of the high-voltage power supply circuit can be obtained according to the anode-to-ground voltage and the cathode-to-ground voltage of the high-voltage power supply circuit before and after adjustment.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1, the voltage adjusting unit 122 includes: a fifth switch S5 and a first resistor R1 in series, and a sixth switch S6 and a second resistor R2 in series. One end of the fifth switch S5 connected in series with the first resistor R1 is connected between the first switch S1 and one end of the positive contactor 112, and the other end of the fifth switch S5 connected in series with the first resistor R1 is grounded; one end of the sixth switch S6 connected in series with the second resistor R2 is connected between the second switch S2 and one end of the negative contactor 113, and the other end of the sixth switch S6 connected in series with the second resistor R2 is grounded. The detection control unit adjusts the positive electrode-to-ground voltage VH by controlling the fifth switch S5 to be in a closed state and the sixth switch S6 to be in an open state, and adjusts the negative electrode-to-ground voltage VL by controlling the fifth switch S5 to be in an open state and the sixth switch S6 to be in a closed state, that is, by changing the resistance value of the access voltage detection unit to adjust the positive electrode-to-ground voltage or the negative electrode-to-ground voltage, the adjustment manner is simple and reliable.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1, the voltage detection unit 121 includes: a third resistor R3 and a fourth resistor R4 connected in series and a fifth resistor R5 and a sixth resistor R6 connected in series. One end of the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4 which are connected in series is connected between the first switch S1 and one end of the positive electrode contactor 112, the other end of the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4 which are connected in series is grounded, and a connection point of the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4 is connected with the detection control unit as a positive electrode voltage-to-ground voltage VH detection point of the high-voltage power supply loop; one end of the fifth resistor R5 and the sixth resistor R6 which are connected in series is connected between the second switch S2 and one end of the negative contactor 113, the other end of the fifth resistor R5 and the sixth resistor R6 which are connected in series is grounded, and the connection point of the fifth resistor R5 and the sixth resistor R6 is connected with the detection control unit as a negative voltage VL detection point of the high-voltage power supply circuit. Namely, the voltage division circuit realizes the detection of the voltage of the anode to ground and the voltage of the cathode to ground, and the circuit structure is simple and reliable.
Further, the detection process of the insulation state of the high-voltage power supply circuit of the present application is described in detail below with reference to fig. 1, taking a pure heating mode as an example. Referring to fig. 1, in the pure heating mode, the positive contactor 112, the negative contactor 113 and the pre-charging switch S8 are all controlled to be in an open state, and the heating switch S7 is controlled to be in a closed state, so that the vehicle-mounted charger OBC supplies power to the heating resistor R7, and the heating resistor R7 heats the power battery 111. In the heating process, the insulation state of the high-voltage power supply loop outside the battery pack 100 may be detected at intervals, specifically:
the detection control unit controls the first switch S1 and the second switch S2 to be in an open state, and controls the third switch S3 and the fourth switch S4 to be in a closed state. The detection control unit obtains the positive voltage sampling value VHad through the positive voltage-to-ground detection point in the voltage detection unit 121, further obtains the positive voltage-to-ground VH according to the calculation of the positive voltage-to-ground sampling value VHad, obtains the negative voltage-to-ground sampling value VLad through the negative voltage-to-ground detection point in the voltage detection unit 121, and further obtains the negative voltage-to-ground VL according to the calculation of the negative voltage-to-ground sampling value VLad.
Specifically, the positive electrode voltage to ground VH and the negative electrode voltage to ground VL satisfy the following equation:
Vbat＝VH+VL (1)
in the formula (2), RCircuit represents (R3+ R4), and RCircuit' represents (R5+ R6). In this embodiment, R3 ═ R6 ═ 4M Ω, R4 ═ R5 ═ 620 Ω, and R1 ═ R2 ═ 600k Ω, i.e., the resistance values of RCircuit and RCircuit' reach 4M Ω, and VH and VL are 250V (maximum values), then VH and VL are assumed to be 4M Ω
Since this value is much less than the human body safe current 2mA,
and
can be approximated as 0, neglected, so equation (2) can be approximated as:
it can be obtained that:
then, the detection control unit compares the magnitudes of VH and VL, and when VH > VL, controls the fifth switch S5 to be in a closed state to connect the first resistor R1 in parallel with the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4 connected in series, thereby changing the anode-to-ground voltage. Then, the detection control unit obtains the positive voltage sampling value VHad 'through the positive voltage-to-ground detection point in the voltage detection unit 121, and then obtains the positive voltage-to-ground VH' through calculation according to the positive voltage-to-ground sampling value VHad ', and obtains the negative voltage-to-ground sampling value VLad' through the negative voltage-to-ground detection point in the voltage detection unit 121, and then obtains the negative voltage-to-ground VL 'through calculation according to the negative voltage-to-ground sampling value VLad'. Wherein, the adjusted anode-to-ground voltage VH 'and cathode-to-ground voltage VL' satisfy the following formula:
then, the formula (1) and the formula (4) are substituted into the formula (5), and the following result is obtained:
after simplification, the following results are obtained:
further simplification obtains:
substituting equation (4) into equation (8) yields:
therefore, the resistance values of Rp and Rn can be obtained through the related resistors in the voltage detection unit 121 and the voltage adjustment unit 122, and since Rp > Rn, the negative electrode-to-ground insulation resistance Rn is finally adopted as the insulation resistance of the high-voltage power supply circuit.
When VL > VH, the detection control unit controls the sixth switch S6 to be in a closed state to connect the second resistor R2 in parallel with the fifth resistor R5 and the sixth resistor R6 connected in series, thereby changing the negative-to-ground voltage. Then, the detection control unit obtains the positive voltage sampling value VHad 'through the positive voltage-to-ground detection point in the voltage detection unit 121, and then obtains the positive voltage-to-ground VH' through calculation according to the positive voltage-to-ground sampling value VHad ', and obtains the negative voltage-to-ground sampling value VLad' through the negative voltage-to-ground detection point in the voltage detection unit 121, and then obtains the negative voltage-to-ground VL 'through calculation according to the negative voltage-to-ground sampling value VLad'. Wherein, with reference to the derivation process, it can be derived:
therefore, the resistance values of Rp and Rn can be obtained through the related resistance values in the voltage detection unit 121 and the voltage adjustment unit 122, and since Rp < Rn, the positive electrode-to-ground insulation resistance Rp is finally adopted as the insulation resistance of the high-voltage power supply circuit.
In one embodiment, the first switch S1, the second switch S2, the third switch S3, the fourth switch S4, the fifth switch S5 and the sixth switch S6 are MOS transistors. In addition, although the functions of the third switch S3 and the fourth switch S4 can be realized by the positive contactor 112 and the negative contactor 113 in theory, it is preferable to add the third switch S3 and the fourth switch S4 in engineering practice because the on-off current of the positive contactor 112 and the negative contactor 113 is large, and the like.
In summary, according to the insulation detection apparatus for a high voltage power supply circuit in an electric vehicle of the embodiment of the invention, the on-off of the positive pole and the positive pole contactor of the power battery is controlled by the first switch, the on-off of the negative pole and the negative pole contactor of the power battery is controlled by the second switch, the third switch is connected with the anode contactor in parallel, the fourth switch is connected with the cathode contactor in parallel, the voltage detection unit is used for detecting the anode-to-ground voltage and the cathode-to-ground voltage of the high-voltage power supply loop, and the voltage adjusting unit adjusts the voltage of the anode to the ground or the voltage of the cathode to the ground of the high-voltage power supply loop, and the first switch, the second switch, the third switch and the fourth switch are controlled to be switched on and off through the detection control unit, and controlling the voltage adjusting unit so as to acquire the insulation state of the high-voltage power supply circuit according to the positive electrode voltage-to-ground and the negative electrode voltage-to-ground of the high-voltage power supply circuit before and after adjustment. Therefore, the whole vehicle insulation detection can be realized when the electric vehicle is in a pure heating working condition, the safety of the whole vehicle is improved, and the personal safety is ensured.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 2, the battery pack 100 includes the insulation detection device 110 for the high voltage power supply circuit in the electric vehicle.
It should be noted that, for the battery pack described in the present application, please refer to the description of the insulation detection device for the high voltage power supply circuit in the electric vehicle in the present application, and details thereof are not repeated herein.
According to the battery pack provided by the embodiment of the invention, the insulation detection device of the high-voltage power supply loop in the electric automobile enables the whole automobile to realize the insulation detection of the whole automobile under the pure heating working condition, thereby being beneficial to improving the safety of the whole automobile in use and ensuring the personal safety.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 3, the electric vehicle 1000 includes the battery pack 100 described above.
It should be noted that, for the electric vehicle described in the present application, please refer to the description of the insulation detection device for the high voltage power supply circuit in the electric vehicle in the present application, and details thereof are not repeated herein.
According to the electric automobile provided by the embodiment of the invention, the battery pack enables the whole automobile insulation detection to be realized under the pure heating working condition of the electric automobile, thereby being beneficial to improving the safety of the whole automobile and ensuring the personal safety.
It should be understood that portions of the present invention may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, the various steps or methods may be implemented in software or firmware stored in memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented in hardware, as in another embodiment, any one or combination of the following techniques, which are known in the art, may be used: a discrete logic circuit having a logic gate circuit for implementing a logic function on a data signal, an application specific integrated circuit having an appropriate combinational logic gate circuit, a Programmable Gate Array (PGA), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), or the like.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an insulation detection device of high voltage power supply circuit among electric automobile, its characterized in that, high voltage power supply circuit include power battery, with the anodal contactor that links to each other of power battery and with the negative pole contactor that power battery's negative pole links to each other, detection device includes:
the first switch is connected between the positive electrode of the power battery and one end of the positive electrode contactor and is used for controlling the on-off of the positive electrode of the power battery and the positive electrode contactor;
the second switch is connected between the negative electrode of the power battery and one end of the negative electrode contactor and is used for controlling the on-off of the negative electrode of the power battery and the negative electrode contactor;
a third switch connected in parallel with the positive contactor;
a fourth switch connected in parallel with the negative contactor;
one end of the voltage detection unit is connected between the first switch and one end of the positive electrode contactor, and the other end of the voltage detection unit is connected between the second switch and one end of the negative electrode contactor and is used for detecting the positive electrode ground voltage and the negative electrode ground voltage of the high-voltage power supply loop;
one end of the voltage adjusting unit is connected between the first switch and one end of the positive electrode contactor, and the other end of the voltage adjusting unit is connected between the second switch and one end of the negative electrode contactor, and is used for adjusting the positive electrode ground voltage or the negative electrode ground voltage of the high-voltage power supply loop;
and the detection control unit is respectively connected with the first switch, the second switch, the third switch, the fourth switch, the voltage detection unit and the voltage adjustment unit, is used for controlling the on-off of the first switch, the second switch, the third switch and the fourth switch, and controls the voltage adjustment unit so as to acquire the insulation state of the high-voltage power supply circuit according to the positive voltage-to-ground voltage and the negative voltage-to-ground voltage of the high-voltage power supply circuit before and after adjustment.
2. The insulation detection device for the high-voltage power supply circuit in the electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein said detection control unit performs on-off control of said first switch, said second switch, said third switch, and said fourth switch, wherein,
when the high-voltage power supply loop is in a pure heating mode, controlling the first switch and the second switch to be in an open state, and controlling the third switch and the fourth switch to be in a closed state;
when the high-voltage power supply loop is in a charging mode, controlling the first switch and the second switch to be in a closed state, and controlling the third switch and the fourth switch to be in an open state;
when the high-voltage power supply loop is in a power battery self-checking mode, the first switch and the second switch are controlled to be in a closed state, and the third switch and the fourth switch are controlled to be in an open state.
3. The insulation detection device of a high-voltage power supply circuit in an electric vehicle according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the detection control unit controls the voltage adjustment unit so as to obtain the insulation state of the high-voltage power supply circuit according to a positive electrode voltage-to-ground voltage and a negative electrode voltage-to-ground voltage of the high-voltage power supply circuit before and after adjustment, wherein,
if the anode-to-ground voltage before adjustment is larger than the cathode-to-ground voltage, controlling the voltage adjustment unit to adjust the anode-to-ground voltage, and acquiring the insulation state of the high-voltage power supply loop according to the anode-to-ground voltage and the cathode-to-ground voltage before adjustment and the anode-to-ground voltage after adjustment;
and if the anode-to-ground voltage before adjustment is smaller than the cathode-to-ground voltage, controlling the voltage adjustment unit to adjust the cathode-to-ground voltage, and acquiring the insulation state of the high-voltage power supply loop according to the anode-to-ground voltage and the cathode-to-ground voltage before adjustment and the cathode-to-ground voltage after adjustment.
4. The apparatus for detecting insulation of a high voltage power supply circuit in an electric vehicle according to claim 3, wherein the voltage adjusting unit comprises:
the first switch and the first resistor are connected in series, one end of the fifth switch, which is connected with the first resistor in series, is connected between the first switch and one end of the positive contactor, and the other end of the fifth switch, which is connected with the first resistor in series, is grounded;
the second switch is connected with the negative contactor, and the other end of the second switch, which is connected with the second resistor in series, is connected with the ground;
the detection control unit adjusts the positive electrode voltage to ground by controlling the fifth switch to be in a closed state and the sixth switch to be in an open state, and adjusts the negative electrode voltage to ground by controlling the fifth switch to be in an open state and the sixth switch to be in a closed state.
5. The insulation detection device for the high-voltage power supply circuit in the electric vehicle according to claim 4, wherein the voltage detection unit comprises:
the detection control unit is connected with a first switch and a second switch of the high-voltage power supply circuit, the first switch is connected with one end of the positive electrode contactor, the second switch is connected with the positive electrode contactor, the third resistor and the fourth resistor are connected in series, one end of the third resistor and one end of the fourth resistor after being connected in series are connected between the first switch and one end of the positive electrode contactor, the other end of the third resistor and the fourth resistor after being connected in series are grounded, and a connection point of the third resistor and the fourth resistor serves as a positive electrode voltage-to-ground detection point of the high-voltage power supply circuit to be connected with the detection control unit;
the high-voltage power supply circuit comprises a fifth resistor and a sixth resistor which are connected in series, one end of the fifth resistor and one end of the sixth resistor after being connected in series are connected between the second switch and one end of the negative contactor, the other end of the fifth resistor and the other end of the sixth resistor after being connected in series are connected with the ground, and a connection point of the fifth resistor and the sixth resistor serves as a negative voltage-to-ground detection point of the high-voltage power supply circuit to be connected with the detection control unit.
6. The insulation detection device of the high-voltage power supply loop in the electric vehicle according to claim 5, wherein when the positive electrode voltage-to-ground before adjustment is larger than the negative electrode voltage-to-ground, the detection control unit obtains the insulation state of the high-voltage power supply loop by:
wherein Rn is a negative electrode ground insulation resistor of the high-voltage power supply circuit, VH is a positive electrode ground voltage before adjustment, VH is a positive electrode ground voltage after adjustment, VL is a negative electrode ground voltage before adjustment, and R1, R3, and R4 are resistance values of the first resistor, the third resistor, and the fourth resistor, respectively.
7. The insulation detection device of the high-voltage power supply loop in the electric vehicle according to claim 5, wherein when the positive electrode voltage-to-ground before adjustment is smaller than the negative electrode voltage-to-ground, the detection control unit obtains the insulation state of the high-voltage power supply loop by:
wherein Rp is a positive electrode ground insulation resistor of the high-voltage power supply circuit, VL is a negative electrode ground voltage before adjustment, VH is a negative electrode ground voltage after adjustment, VH is a positive electrode ground voltage before adjustment, and R2, R5, and R6 are resistances of the second resistor, the fifth resistor, and the sixth resistor, respectively.
8. The insulation detection device for the high-voltage power supply loop in the electric automobile according to claim 4, wherein the first switch, the second switch, the third switch, the fourth switch, the fifth switch and the sixth switch are all MOS transistors.
9. A battery pack, characterized by comprising the insulation detection device of the high-voltage power supply circuit in the electric vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. An electric vehicle characterized by comprising the battery pack according to claim 9.
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