Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problem that the existing electric bicycle control mode cannot allow a user to autonomously select the speed, the endurance mileage and other performances of the electric bicycle, the invention provides a method for adjusting the driving force of the electric bicycle according to road conditions, and the speed and the endurance mileage of the electric bicycle are autonomously changed by selecting the gear of the electric bicycle by the user, so that the requirement of the user on actual road condition change is met.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a method for adjusting driving force of an electric bicycle according to road conditions comprises the following steps:
s1: setting a gear for the electric bicycle, wherein the gear comprises a common gear serving as a default value, and under the common gear mode, the control system adaptively outputs current;
the method is characterized in that:
the gear further includes: a boost gear, a mileage gear and a overtaking gear; the current value is adjusted to meet the requirements of users;
stress application gear: presetting a stress application gear current value; the system adjusts the bus current limiting value of the motor to the stress application gear current value according to the change of the phase current value, so that the riding speed of the electric bicycle on road conditions with larger gradient is ensured to be equivalent to that of a common gear;
mileage grade: the system calculates riding efficiency according to road conditions and battery electric quantity, adjusts a bus current limiting value of the motor to the mileage grade flow value, and improves the endurance mileage;
super gear: the system adjusts the bus current limiting value of the motor to a standard current value, and the speed of the electric bicycle is increased to the highest speed in a legal range;
s2: real-time monitoring driving parameters of the electric bicycle:
the driving parameters include: bus current limiting value, phase current value, storage battery voltage, storage battery electric quantity and real-time vehicle speed;
s3: monitoring whether a user changes the selection of the gear in real time;
when the gear is replaced, if the gear selected by a user is the common gear, the control system adaptively outputs current;
otherwise, executing the step S4;
s4: confirming whether the user selects the boost gear;
executing a stress application gear adjustment flow if the stress application gear is selected by the user;
otherwise, confirming whether the user selects the mileage file;
if the user selects the mileage file, executing an mileage file adjustment process;
otherwise, confirming whether the user selects the overtake;
if the user selects the overtaking gear, executing an overtaking gear adjusting process;
s5: and (4) circularly executing the steps S2-S4.
It is further characterized by:
the stress application gear adjusting process comprises the following steps of:
a1: monitoring the value of the phase current in real time and comparing the value with the peak current;
if the phase current is greater than 50% of the peak current and the maintaining time is greater than or equal to 3s, adjusting the bus current limiting value to the boost gear current value;
a2: monitoring the value of the phase current in real time and comparing the value with the peak current;
if the phase current is less than 1/4 of the peak current, the bus current limit value is adjusted to the standard current value;
the mileage adjusting process comprises the following steps:
b1: setting the bus current limit value to: the mileage file flow value;
b2: monitoring the voltage of the storage battery in real time, and linearly reducing the driving force of the motor controller to 60% when the voltage of the storage battery is smaller than the rated voltage;
the overtaking gear adjusting process comprises the following steps:
c1: setting the bus current limit value to: the standard current value;
c2: accelerating the motor to 110% of rated rotation speed based on a weak magnetic speed regulation mode;
the stress application gear current value is 35A, the standard current value is 30A, and the mileage gear current value is 26A;
before step S4 is implemented, the following steps are limited:
the boost gear, the mileage gear and the overtaking gear belong to an intelligent mode;
after the default normal gear is switched to the intelligent mode, firstly, the bus current limiting value is adjusted to the standard current value, and then, the following step content of S4 is carried out according to the gear selected by the user;
the starting force of the mileage mark is 7, and the starting force of the boost mark and the overtaking mark is 60.
The method for adjusting the driving force of the electric bicycle according to the road conditions is characterized in that three gears are added on the basis of the existing common gears, the corresponding gears are entered according to the selection of a user, the speed can be kept when the electric bicycle climbs a slope through the stress application gears, the electric bicycle is ensured to keep a larger driving mileage as much as possible according to the battery power of the electric bicycle through the mileage gears, and the electric bicycle reaches the highest speed in a legal range through the overtaking gears; the performance of the electric bicycle can be correspondingly selected and adjusted according to the requirements of users.
Detailed Description
A method for adjusting driving force of an electric bicycle according to road conditions comprises the following steps.
S1: setting a gear for the electric bicycle, wherein the gear comprises a common gear serving as a default value; taking the existing electric bicycle mode as a common gear mode, and under the common gear mode, controlling a system to adaptively output current;
this patent is added an intelligent mode, and intelligent mode and ordinary shelves are switched through the button, and the variable gear in the intelligent mode includes: the boost gear, the mileage gear and the overtaking gear are used for adapting to the requirements of users by adjusting the current value in the intelligent mode;
stress application gear: presetting a stress application gear current value; the system adjusts the bus current limiting value of the motor to the stress application gear current value according to the change of the phase current value, so that the riding speed of the electric bicycle on road conditions with larger gradient is ensured to be equivalent to that of a common gear;
mileage grade: the system calculates riding efficiency according to road conditions and battery electric quantity, adjusts a bus current limiting value of the motor to an mileage grade flow value, and improves the endurance mileage;
super gear: the system adjusts the bus current limiting value of the motor to a standard current value, and the speed of the electric bicycle is increased to the highest speed in a legal range;
after the electric bicycle is switched from a default common gear to an intelligent mode, the bus current limiting value is firstly adjusted to a standard current value, and then subsequent adjustment is carried out according to the gear selected by a user.
S2: real-time monitoring driving parameters of the electric bicycle:
the driving parameters include: bus current limit value, phase current value, storage battery voltage, storage battery electric quantity and real-time vehicle speed.
S3: monitoring whether a user changes the selection of the gear in real time;
when the gear is replaced, if the gear selected by a user is a common gear, the control system adaptively outputs current;
otherwise, executing the step S4;
the boosting gear, the mileage gear and the overtaking gear belong to an intelligent mode;
after switching from a default common gear to an intelligent mode, firstly adjusting a bus current limiting value to a standard current value, and then carrying out a subsequent specific gear selection step according to a gear selected by a user;
in the technical scheme of the invention, the current value of the boost gear is 35A, the standard current value is 30A, and the current value of the mileage gear is 26A;
the common gear can be switched to the intelligent mode through a hardware button or through software; in the embodiment, the switching from the normal gear to the intelligent mode is realized through the hardware button, and after the intelligent mode is entered, the mileage gear, the boost gear and the overtaking gear are displayed on the instrument of the electric bicycle through software, and the gear switching selected by a user is supported based on the software. The user is informed of selection in a visual mode, so that the technical scheme of the invention is more practical.
S4: confirming whether a user selects a boost gear in an intelligent mode;
if the user selects the stress application gear, executing a stress application gear adjustment process; otherwise, confirming whether the user selects the mileage file;
the stress application gear adjusting process comprises the following steps:
a1: monitoring the value of the phase current in real time and comparing the value with the peak current;
if the phase current is greater than 50% of the peak current and the maintaining time is greater than or equal to 3s, regulating the bus current limit value from a standard current value of 30A to a boost current value of 35A;
the torque of the electric bicycle is different from the torque of the flat road running when the electric bicycle climbs a slope, and the required phase line current in the climbing state is much larger than that of the flat road running; when the electric bicycle enters a boost gear, the output power of the battery is increased, namely the bus current is increased to 35A, so that the rotating speed of the motor is increased, the resistance under the same load is overcome, the efficiency of the motor is increased, the speed of the motor is increased, the stability of the whole bicycle is maintained, and the electric bicycle is beneficial to a user to climb a slope easily;
a2: monitoring the value of the phase current in real time and comparing the value with the peak current;
if the phase current is less than 1/4 of the peak current, the bus current limiting value is adjusted to a standard current value;
when the phase current is less than 1/4 of the peak current, then this indicates: when the electric bicycle enters a non-gradient running state, the electric bicycle automatically exits from the boost gear, unnecessary energy consumption of the battery is reduced, and energy conservation can be achieved while speed adjustment is ensured.
If the user selects an mileage mark in the intelligent mode, executing an mileage mark adjustment process; otherwise, confirming whether the user selects the overtake;
the mileage file adjusting process includes the following steps:
b1: the bus current limit value is set as: mileage shift flow value;
b2: monitoring the voltage of the storage battery in real time, and linearly reducing the driving force of the motor controller to 60% when the voltage of the storage battery is smaller than the rated voltage;
in the technical scheme, the internal resistance factor of the battery is considered, when the battery voltage of the battery is reduced, the internal resistance of the battery is increased, and if the controller does not do work rate control, a part of energy is consumed due to the increased internal resistance, so that a part of power limiting processing on the battery voltage relative to the battery voltage is needed; the mileage optimization method in the mileage file is as follows: when the voltage of the storage battery is detected to be smaller than the rated voltage, the driving force of the motor controller is linearly reduced, and the efficiency ratio of the battery is improved by sacrificing the original acceleration performance; when the voltage of the battery decreases, the internal resistance of the battery increases, so that the load capacity of the battery decreases, and therefore the controller needs to correspondingly adjust the output current of the battery according to the internal resistance of the battery, so that the riding efficiency ratio increases; when the driving force of the controller is linearly reduced to 60%, the mileage can be ensured to reach the expected value, and the riding experience of a user is not affected.
In the specific implementation, the internal resistance of the current battery is estimated according to the lowest voltage in the current riding acceleration process, then the optimal driving proportion is calculated according to the lowest voltage, and then the current driving proportion is linearly reduced to the optimal driving proportion, so that the output current of the battery in the running process is regulated;
when the minimum value of the sampled voltage is smaller than the rated voltage, the driving proportion calculating method is as follows:
drive ratio = drive ratio maximum value = sampled voltage minimum/rated voltage.
If the user selects the overtaking gear in the intelligent mode, executing the overtaking gear adjusting process;
the overtaking gear adjusting process comprises the following steps:
c1: the bus current limit value is set as: a standard current value;
c2: based on a weak magnetic speed regulation mode, accelerating the motor to 110% of rated rotation speed;
the speed regulation is realized based on a weak magnetic speed regulation mode, so that the motor can work at a higher rotating speed on the hardware cost of the existing motor and control system, and further, the electric bicycle is ensured to have a higher form speed.
S5: and when the electric bicycle is in a running state, the steps S2-S4 are circularly executed, the selection of a user on the gear is detected in real time, the user is ensured to change the gear according to actual needs, and the speed, mileage and other performances of the electric bicycle are adjusted.
In the technical scheme of the invention, the starting force of the mileage mark is 7, and the starting force of the boost mark and the overtaking mark is 60; when the motor works at rated voltage (60V, for example), the driving force is 100 percent; when the voltage starts to drop from the rated voltage to an undervoltage point (such as 52.5V), the corresponding driving proportion is 60%; in the mileage grade, the driving current at the starting time is reduced through smaller starting force, thereby saving the capacity and further ensuring that the electric bicycle can obtain larger driving mileage under the mileage grade.
According to the technical scheme, three intelligent gears are added on the basis of the existing common gear mode, and based on the actual conditions of the battery and the motor of the electric bicycle, the requirements of the electric bicycle on parameters such as speed, mileage and power in climbing, long distance and acceleration states are met through adjustment of parameters such as current, voltage and motor rotation speed in three gears such as a boost gear, a mileage gear and a super gear. The requirement that the user can adjust the performance of the electric bicycle independently is ensured.