CN114680849B - A method for evaluating thermal comfort of indoor occupants based on multi-level specific physiological indicators - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
技术领域Technical Field
本发明涉及室内环境评估技术领域，具体涉及一种基于多层次特异生理指标评估室内人员热舒适的方法。The present invention relates to the technical field of indoor environment assessment, and in particular to a method for assessing the thermal comfort of indoor personnel based on multi-level specific physiological indicators.
背景技术Background technique
准确地对人体热舒适状态进行评价是进行室内环境设计的前提，目前对人体热舒适程度的评价方法主要以主观评价方法为主，即采用热舒适问卷调查的形式直接询问人们的热感觉与热舒适程度，通过人员热感觉与室内环境参数的回归拟合得出两者的关系，从而计算出舒适的室内环境参数范围，指导室内环境参数的设计。Accurately evaluating the thermal comfort of the human body is a prerequisite for indoor environment design. At present, the evaluation method for human thermal comfort is mainly based on subjective evaluation method, that is, directly asking people about their thermal sensation and thermal comfort level in the form of thermal comfort questionnaire survey, and obtaining the relationship between the two through regression fitting of personnel's thermal sensation and indoor environmental parameters, so as to calculate the comfortable indoor environmental parameter range and guide the design of indoor environmental parameters.
随着传感器技术的发展，提出了部分基于人体生理参数的热感觉预测方法，例如基于皮肤温度、心率等，但现有基于生理参数预测人体热感觉的方法都是基于少数几个生理参数如皮肤温度和心率等的简单组合来预测人体热感觉，缺乏结合人体深层次生理参数来综合预测的方法，并且生理参数的测量层次单一，容易产生误差，并且单一生理参数在不同热环境水平下的准确性也是不稳定的。With the development of sensor technology, some thermal sensation prediction methods based on human physiological parameters have been proposed, such as skin temperature, heart rate, etc. However, the existing methods for predicting human thermal sensation based on physiological parameters are based on a simple combination of a few physiological parameters such as skin temperature and heart rate to predict human thermal sensation. There is a lack of methods that combine the deep physiological parameters of the human body for comprehensive prediction. In addition, the measurement level of physiological parameters is single, which is prone to errors, and the accuracy of a single physiological parameter under different thermal environment levels is also unstable.
发明内容Summary of the invention
针对现有技术存在的上述不足，本发明要解决的技术问题是：如何提供一种不完全依赖于测试人员的主观感受，同时避免单一生理参数在不同热环境下不稳定而导致的测量精度不够的问题，大大提高整体预测精度的基于多层次特异生理指标评估室内人员热舒适的方法。In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: how to provide a method for evaluating the thermal comfort of indoor occupants based on multi-level specific physiological indicators, which does not completely rely on the subjective feelings of the test personnel and at the same time avoids the problem of insufficient measurement accuracy caused by the instability of a single physiological parameter in different thermal environments, thereby greatly improving the overall prediction accuracy.
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明采用如下技术方案：In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
基于多层次特异生理指标评估室内人员热舒适的方法，包括如下步骤：The method for evaluating indoor thermal comfort based on multi-level specific physiological indicators includes the following steps:
步骤1)获取室内人员信息；Step 1) Obtaining indoor personnel information;
步骤2)对室内人员的血压进行测量，得到收缩压和舒张压；Step 2) measuring the blood pressure of the people in the room to obtain the systolic pressure and diastolic pressure;
步骤3)根据步骤2)中测量得到的收缩压和舒张压的大小将室内热环境分为热环境类型I、热环境类型II和热环境类型III；Step 3) according to the systolic pressure and diastolic pressure measured in step 2), the indoor thermal environment is divided into thermal environment type I, thermal environment type II and thermal environment type III;
步骤4)当室内热环境为热环境类型I时，通过室内人员的心率变异性参数对室内环境的热舒适性进行评价；Step 4) when the indoor thermal environment is thermal environment type I, the thermal comfort of the indoor environment is evaluated by the heart rate variability parameters of the indoor occupants;
当室内热环境为热环境类型II时，通过室内人员的皮肤温度和汗液引起的温度变化情况共同对室内环境的热舒适性进行评价；When the indoor thermal environment is thermal environment type II, the thermal comfort of the indoor environment is evaluated by the skin temperature of the indoor occupants and the temperature changes caused by sweat;
当室内热环境为热环境类型III时，通过室内人员的感觉神经传导速度参数对室内环境的热舒适性进行评价。When the indoor thermal environment is thermal environment type III, the thermal comfort of the indoor environment is evaluated by the sensory nerve conduction velocity parameters of indoor occupants.
本发明在对室内热环境进行评价时，根据测量得到的室内人员的舒张压和收缩压的大小将室内热环境分为三种类型，并针对不同的室内热环境类型采用人员的不同生理指标参数进行评价，由此就避免了某种单一生理参数在不同热环境范围内出现的预测精度不同的问题，大大提高了整体的预测精度，同时本方案采集的人员的生理指标参数能更好的反应人体的热舒适性状态，通过这些参数的采集使得本方案对室内热舒适性的评价将不完全依赖于人员的主观感受，评价更加的客观和准确。When evaluating the indoor thermal environment, the present invention divides the indoor thermal environment into three types according to the measured diastolic and systolic blood pressures of the indoor personnel, and uses different physiological index parameters of the personnel for evaluation according to different indoor thermal environment types, thereby avoiding the problem of different prediction accuracy of a certain single physiological parameter in different thermal environment ranges, greatly improving the overall prediction accuracy. At the same time, the physiological index parameters of the personnel collected by this scheme can better reflect the thermal comfort state of the human body. Through the collection of these parameters, the evaluation of indoor thermal comfort by this scheme will not completely rely on the subjective feelings of the personnel, and the evaluation will be more objective and accurate.
优选的，步骤1)中，获取室内人员信息包括年龄A、体重W和身高H。Preferably, in step 1), the indoor person information obtained includes age A, weight W and height H.
这样，不同年龄、体重和身高的人员对室内热环境的要求是不完全一致的，故本方案通过采集上述信息，可以为后续步骤中对室内热环境的评价提供数据支持，以使得室内热环境的评价更加的准确。In this way, people of different ages, weights and heights have different requirements for indoor thermal environment. Therefore, this solution can provide data support for the evaluation of indoor thermal environment in subsequent steps by collecting the above information, so as to make the evaluation of indoor thermal environment more accurate.
优选的，步骤2)中，对室内人员每隔T1时间测量一次收缩压和舒张压，测量次数不少于2次，将每次测量得到的收缩压求取平均值得到平均收缩压BPs，将每次测量得到的舒张压求取平均值得到平均舒张压BPd；Preferably, in step 2), the systolic and diastolic blood pressures of the people in the room are measured once every T1 time, and the number of measurements is not less than 2 times, and the average of the systolic blood pressure obtained by each measurement is calculated to obtain the average systolic blood pressure BPs, and the average of the diastolic blood pressure obtained by each measurement is calculated to obtain the average diastolic blood pressure BPd;
步骤3)中，根据步骤2)中的平均收缩压BPs和平均舒张压BPd将室内热环境分为热环境类型I、热环境类型II和热环境类型III。In step 3), the indoor thermal environment is divided into thermal environment type I, thermal environment type II and thermal environment type III according to the average systolic blood pressure BPs and the average diastolic blood pressure BPd in step 2).
这样，通过每隔特定的时间对室内人员的舒张压和收缩压进行测量，并利用平均舒张压BPd和平均收缩压BPs来作为对室内热环境进行划分的依据，通过多次测量求平均值的方式可以使得得到的平均舒张压BPd和平均收缩压BPs能更准确的反应出室内人员在该室内热环境下的舒适情况。In this way, by measuring the diastolic and systolic blood pressures of indoor occupants at specific intervals, and using the average diastolic blood pressure BPd and the average systolic blood pressure BPs as the basis for dividing the indoor thermal environment, the average diastolic blood pressure BPd and the average systolic blood pressure BPs obtained by taking the average value through multiple measurements can more accurately reflect the comfort of indoor occupants in the indoor thermal environment.
优选的，步骤3)中，判断平均舒张压BPd和平均收缩压BPs的大小；Preferably, in step 3), the average diastolic blood pressure BPd and the average systolic blood pressure BPs are determined;
当平均舒张压BPd大于第一设定值且平均收缩压BPs小于第二设定值时，室内热环境为热环境类型I；When the average diastolic blood pressure BPd is greater than the first set value and the average systolic blood pressure BPs is less than the second set value, the indoor thermal environment is thermal environment type I;
当平均舒张压BPd小于第三设定值且平均收缩压BPs大于第四设定值时，室内热环境为热环境类型II；When the average diastolic blood pressure BPd is less than the third set value and the average systolic blood pressure BPs is greater than the fourth set value, the indoor thermal environment is thermal environment type II;
其它情况时，室内热环境为热环境类型III。In other cases, the indoor thermal environment is thermal environment type III.
这样，根据平均舒张压BPd和平均收缩压BPs的大小来对室内热环境进行分类，以使得对室内热环境的评价更加的准确。In this way, the indoor thermal environment is classified according to the size of the average diastolic blood pressure BPd and the average systolic blood pressure BPs, so that the evaluation of the indoor thermal environment is more accurate.
优选的，步骤3)中，当平均舒张压BPd>BPd1+X1且平均收缩压BPs<BPs1+Y1时，室内热环境为热环境类型I；Preferably, in step 3), when the average diastolic blood pressure BPd>BPd1+X1 and the average systolic blood pressure BPs<BPs1+Y1, the indoor thermal environment is thermal environment type I;
当平均舒张压BPd<BPd1-X2且平均收缩压BPs>BPs1-Y2时，室内热环境为热环境类型II；When the average diastolic blood pressure BPd<BPd1-X2 and the average systolic blood pressure BPs>BPs1-Y2, the indoor thermal environment is thermal environment type II;
其它情况时，室内热环境为热环境类型III；In other cases, the indoor thermal environment is thermal environment type III;
其中，in,
式中，BPd0和BPs0为参考基准值；Wherein, BPd0 and BPs0 are reference values;
a1、a2、b1、b2、c1、c2均为小于1的常数；a1, a2, b1, b2, c1, c2 are all constants less than 1;
X1、Y1、X2、Y2为常数。X1, Y1, X2, Y2 are constants.
优选的，步骤4)中，当室内热环境为热环境类型I时，利用心电图仪监测室内人员的心跳频率数据，通过对室内人员的心跳频率进行计算得到心率变异性参数HRV，利用心率变异性参数HRV对室内环境的热舒适性进行评价。Preferably, in step 4), when the indoor thermal environment is thermal environment type I, an electrocardiograph is used to monitor the heart rate data of indoor personnel, and the heart rate variability parameter HRV is obtained by calculating the heart rate of the indoor personnel, and the thermal comfort of the indoor environment is evaluated using the heart rate variability parameter HRV.
优选的，步骤4)中，当室内热环境为热环境类型I时，利用心率变异性参数HRV对室内环境的热舒适性进行评价；Preferably, in step 4), when the indoor thermal environment is thermal environment type I, the thermal comfort of the indoor environment is evaluated using the heart rate variability parameter HRV;
当HRV>HRV0时，评价室内为不舒适环境；When HRV>HRV0, the indoor environment is evaluated as uncomfortable;
当HRV≤HRV0时，评价室内为舒适热环境；When HRV≤HRV0, the indoor environment is evaluated as comfortable thermal environment;
其中，HRV0为预设默认实数值，数值范围100～200。Among them, HRV0 is a preset default real value with a value range of 100 to 200.
优选的，步骤4)中，当室内热环境为热环境类型II时，采用电阻式露点湿度计测量皮肤是否有汗液引起的湿度变化，同时采用热电偶对室内人员的皮肤温度Tskin进行测量；Preferably, in step 4), when the indoor thermal environment is thermal environment type II, a resistance dew point hygrometer is used to measure whether the skin has humidity changes caused by sweat, and a thermocouple is used to measure the skin temperature Tskin of the indoor personnel;
当电阻式露点湿度计测量到皮肤处有汗液引起的湿度变化时，判定室内为不舒适环境；When the resistance dew point hygrometer measures the humidity change caused by sweat on the skin, it determines that the indoor environment is uncomfortable;
当电阻式露点湿度计未测量到皮肤处有汗液引起的湿度变化且Tskin>Tskin1时，判定室内为不舒适环境；When the resistance dew point hygrometer does not measure the humidity change caused by sweat on the skin and Tskin>Tskin1, the indoor environment is judged to be uncomfortable;
当电阻式露点湿度计未测量到皮肤处有汗液引起的湿度变化且Tskin≤Tskin1时，判定室内为舒适热环境；When the resistance dew point hygrometer does not measure the humidity change caused by sweat on the skin and Tskin≤Tskin1, the indoor environment is judged to be a comfortable thermal environment;
其中，Tskin1预设默认实数值，且Tskin1大于30℃。Among them, Tskin1 presets a default real value, and Tskin1 is greater than 30°C.
优选的，步骤4)中，当室内热环境为热环境类型III时，采用检测电极对室内人员施加电刺激以得到室内人员的感觉神经传导速度参数SCV，并根据感觉神经传导速度参数SCV计算得到平均热感觉值TSV：Preferably, in step 4), when the indoor thermal environment is thermal environment type III, the detection electrodes are used to apply electrical stimulation to the indoor personnel to obtain the sensory nerve conduction velocity parameter SCV of the indoor personnel, and the average thermal sensation value TSV is calculated according to the sensory nerve conduction velocity parameter SCV:
TSV＝d*SCV+eTSV＝d*SCV+e
式中，d、e均为常数；In the formula, d and e are constants;
当-0.5<TSV<0.5时，判定室内为舒适热环境；When -0.5<TSV<0.5, the indoor environment is judged to be a comfortable thermal environment;
当TSV≥0.5或TSV≤-0.5时，判定室内为不舒适环境。When TSV≥0.5 or TSV≤-0.5, the indoor environment is judged to be uncomfortable.
优选的，步骤4)中，当室内热环境为热环境类型III时，采用顺向检测或逆向检测的方法得到室内人员的感觉神经传导速度参数SCV；Preferably, in step 4), when the indoor thermal environment is thermal environment type III, a sensory nerve conduction velocity parameter SCV of indoor personnel is obtained by a forward detection or a reverse detection method;
顺向检测方法为：将检测电极放置在室内人员的拇指或食指位置并施加电刺激，然后在室内人员的手掌、手腕、手肘或腋部记录产生的刺激信号；The forward detection method is: the detection electrode is placed on the thumb or index finger of the person in the room and electrical stimulation is applied, and then the stimulation signal generated is recorded on the palm, wrist, elbow or axilla of the person in the room;
逆向检测方法为：将检测电极放置在室内人员掌腕位置并施加电刺激，然后在室内人员的手指端记录产生的刺激信号。The reverse detection method is: place the detection electrodes on the palm and wrist of the person in the room and apply electrical stimulation, and then record the stimulation signals generated at the fingertips of the person in the room.
与现有技术方案对比，本发明具有以下优点：Compared with the prior art solutions, the present invention has the following advantages:
1、采用人体生理指标对热舒适进行评价，使评价结果将不再完全依赖于受试者的主观判断，更加客观和准确。1. The use of human physiological indicators to evaluate thermal comfort will make the evaluation results no longer completely dependent on the subjective judgment of the subjects, but more objective and accurate.
2、本方法在不同的热环境下采用相应的生理指标进行预测，避免了某种指标在不同范围预测精度不同的问题，提高了整体的预测精度，这样也使得本发明的评价方法适用的范围更广。2. This method uses corresponding physiological indicators for prediction under different thermal environments, avoiding the problem of different prediction accuracy of a certain indicator in different ranges, improving the overall prediction accuracy, and thus making the evaluation method of the present invention more applicable.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
图1为本发明基于多层次特异生理指标评估室内人员热舒适的方法的流程图；FIG1 is a flow chart of a method for evaluating thermal comfort of indoor personnel based on multi-level specific physiological indicators according to the present invention;
图2为实施例一中平均热感觉值TSV和感觉神经传导速度SCV的关系曲线图。FIG. 2 is a curve diagram showing the relationship between the average thermal sensation value TSV and the sensory nerve conduction velocity SCV in Example 1.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将结合附图及实施例对本发明作进一步说明。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
如附图1所示，基于多层次特异生理指标评估室内人员热舒适的方法，包括如下步骤：As shown in FIG1 , the method for evaluating indoor thermal comfort based on multi-level specific physiological indicators includes the following steps:
步骤1)获取室内人员信息；Step 1) Obtaining indoor personnel information;
步骤2)对室内人员的血压进行测量，得到收缩压和舒张压；Step 2) measuring the blood pressure of the people in the room to obtain the systolic pressure and diastolic pressure;
步骤3)根据步骤2)中测量得到的收缩压和舒张压的大小将室内热环境分为热环境类型I、热环境类型II和热环境类型III；Step 3) according to the systolic pressure and diastolic pressure measured in step 2), the indoor thermal environment is divided into thermal environment type I, thermal environment type II and thermal environment type III;
步骤4)当室内热环境为热环境类型I时，通过室内人员的心率变异性参数对室内环境的热舒适性进行评价；Step 4) when the indoor thermal environment is thermal environment type I, the thermal comfort of the indoor environment is evaluated by the heart rate variability parameters of the indoor occupants;
当室内热环境为热环境类型II时，通过室内人员的皮肤温度和汗液引起的温度变化情况共同对室内环境的热舒适性进行评价；When the indoor thermal environment is thermal environment type II, the thermal comfort of the indoor environment is evaluated by the skin temperature of the indoor occupants and the temperature changes caused by sweat;
当室内热环境为热环境类型III时，通过室内人员的感觉神经传导速度参数对室内环境的热舒适性进行评价。When the indoor thermal environment is thermal environment type III, the thermal comfort of the indoor environment is evaluated by the sensory nerve conduction velocity parameters of indoor occupants.
本发明在对室内热环境进行评价时，根据测量得到的室内人员的舒张压和收缩压的大小将室内热环境分为三种类型，并针对不同的室内热环境类型采用人员的不同生理指标参数进行评价，由此就避免了某种单一生理参数在不同热环境范围内出现的预测精度不同的问题，大大提高了整体的预测精度，同时本方案采集的人员的生理指标参数能更好的反应人体的热舒适性状态，通过这些参数的采集使得本方案对室内热舒适性的评价将不完全依赖于人员的主观感受，评价更加的客观和准确。When evaluating the indoor thermal environment, the present invention divides the indoor thermal environment into three types according to the measured diastolic and systolic blood pressures of the indoor personnel, and uses different physiological index parameters of the personnel for evaluation according to different indoor thermal environment types, thereby avoiding the problem of different prediction accuracy of a certain single physiological parameter in different thermal environment ranges, greatly improving the overall prediction accuracy. At the same time, the physiological index parameters of the personnel collected by this scheme can better reflect the thermal comfort state of the human body. Through the collection of these parameters, the evaluation of indoor thermal comfort by this scheme will not completely rely on the subjective feelings of the personnel, and the evaluation will be more objective and accurate.
在本实施例中，步骤1)中，获取室内人员信息包括年龄A、体重W和身高H。In this embodiment, in step 1), the indoor person information including age A, weight W and height H is obtained.
这样，不同年龄、体重和身高的人员对室内热环境的要求是不完全一致的，故本方案通过采集上述信息，可以为后续步骤中对室内热环境的评价提供数据支持，以使得室内热环境的评价更加的准确。In this way, people of different ages, weights and heights have different requirements for indoor thermal environment. Therefore, this solution can provide data support for the evaluation of indoor thermal environment in subsequent steps by collecting the above information, so as to make the evaluation of indoor thermal environment more accurate.
在本实施例中，步骤2)中，对室内人员每隔T1时间测量一次收缩压和舒张压，测量次数不少于2次，将每次测量得到的收缩压求取平均值得到平均收缩压BPs，将每次测量得到的舒张压求取平均值得到平均舒张压BPd；In this embodiment, in step 2), the systolic and diastolic blood pressures of the people in the room are measured once every T1 time, and the number of measurements is not less than 2 times, and the average of the systolic blood pressure obtained by each measurement is calculated to obtain the average systolic blood pressure BPs, and the average of the diastolic blood pressure obtained by each measurement is calculated to obtain the average diastolic blood pressure BPd;
步骤3)中，根据步骤2)中的平均收缩压BPs和平均舒张压BPd将室内热环境分为热环境类型I、热环境类型II和热环境类型III。In step 3), the indoor thermal environment is divided into thermal environment type I, thermal environment type II and thermal environment type III according to the average systolic blood pressure BPs and the average diastolic blood pressure BPd in step 2).
这样，通过每隔特定的时间对室内人员的舒张压和收缩压进行测量，并利用平均舒张压BPd和平均收缩压BPs来作为对室内热环境进行划分的依据，通过多次测量求平均值的方式可以使得得到的平均舒张压BPd和平均收缩压BPs能更准确的反应出室内人员在该室内热环境下的舒适情况。In this way, by measuring the diastolic and systolic blood pressures of indoor occupants at specific intervals, and using the average diastolic blood pressure BPd and the average systolic blood pressure BPs as the basis for dividing the indoor thermal environment, the average diastolic blood pressure BPd and the average systolic blood pressure BPs obtained by taking the average value through multiple measurements can more accurately reflect the comfort of indoor occupants in the indoor thermal environment.
在本实施例中，步骤3)中，判断平均舒张压BPd和平均收缩压BPs的大小；In this embodiment, in step 3), the average diastolic blood pressure BPd and the average systolic blood pressure BPs are determined;
当平均舒张压BPd大于第一设定值且平均收缩压BPs小于第二设定值时，室内热环境为热环境类型I；When the average diastolic blood pressure BPd is greater than the first set value and the average systolic blood pressure BPs is less than the second set value, the indoor thermal environment is thermal environment type I;
当平均舒张压BPd小于第三设定值且平均收缩压BPs大于第四设定值时，室内热环境为热环境类型II；When the average diastolic blood pressure BPd is less than the third set value and the average systolic blood pressure BPs is greater than the fourth set value, the indoor thermal environment is thermal environment type II;
其它情况时，室内热环境为热环境类型III。In other cases, the indoor thermal environment is thermal environment type III.
这样，根据平均舒张压BPd和平均收缩压BPs的大小来对室内热环境进行分类，以使得对室内热环境的评价更加的准确。In this way, the indoor thermal environment is classified according to the size of the average diastolic blood pressure BPd and the average systolic blood pressure BPs, so that the evaluation of the indoor thermal environment is more accurate.
在本实施例中，步骤3)中，当平均舒张压BPd>BPd1+X1且平均收缩压BPs<BPs1+Y1时，室内热环境为热环境类型I；In this embodiment, in step 3), when the average diastolic pressure BPd>BPd1+X1 and the average systolic pressure BPs<BPs1+Y1, the indoor thermal environment is thermal environment type I;
当平均舒张压BPd<BPd1-X2且平均收缩压BPs>BPs1-Y2时，室内热环境为热环境类型II；When the average diastolic blood pressure BPd<BPd1-X2 and the average systolic blood pressure BPs>BPs1-Y2, the indoor thermal environment is thermal environment type II;
其它情况时，室内热环境为热环境类型III；In other cases, the indoor thermal environment is thermal environment type III;
其中，in,
式中，BPd0和BPs0为参考基准值；Wherein, BPd0 and BPs0 are reference values;
a1、a2、b1、b2、c1、c2均为小于1的常数；a1, a2, b1, b2, c1, c2 are all constants less than 1;
X1、Y1、X2、Y2为常数。X1, Y1, X2, Y2 are constants.
在本实施例中，步骤4)中，当室内热环境为热环境类型I时，利用心电图仪监测室内人员的心跳频率数据，通过对室内人员的心跳频率进行计算得到心率变异性参数HRV，利用心率变异性参数HRV对室内环境的热舒适性进行评价；具体的，利用心电图仪监测到室内人员的心跳频率数据后，将心电模拟信号输入PowerLab数据采集系统，然后用HRV分析模块对HRV频率进行分析计算。In this embodiment, in step 4), when the indoor thermal environment is thermal environment type I, an electrocardiograph is used to monitor the heart rate data of indoor personnel, and the heart rate variability parameter HRV is obtained by calculating the heart rate of the indoor personnel. The thermal comfort of the indoor environment is evaluated using the heart rate variability parameter HRV; specifically, after the heart rate data of the indoor personnel is monitored by the electrocardiograph, the ECG simulation signal is input into the PowerLab data acquisition system, and then the HRV frequency is analyzed and calculated using the HRV analysis module.
在本实施例中，步骤4)中，当室内热环境为热环境类型I时，利用心率变异性参数HRV对室内环境的热舒适性进行评价；In this embodiment, in step 4), when the indoor thermal environment is thermal environment type I, the thermal comfort of the indoor environment is evaluated using the heart rate variability parameter HRV;
当HRV>HRV0时，评价室内为不舒适环境；When HRV>HRV0, the indoor environment is evaluated as uncomfortable;
当HRV≤HRV0时，评价室内为舒适热环境；When HRV≤HRV0, the indoor environment is evaluated as comfortable thermal environment;
其中，HRV0为预设默认实数值，数值范围100～200。Among them, HRV0 is a preset default real value with a value range of 100 to 200.
在本实施例中，步骤4)中，当室内热环境为热环境类型II时，采用电阻式露点湿度计测量皮肤是否有汗液引起的湿度变化，同时采用热电偶对室内人员的皮肤温度Tskin进行测量；具体在对室内人员的皮肤温度Tskin进行测量时，利用铜-康铜热电偶对人体的多个部位的皮肤进行测试，加权求和得到人体的平均皮肤温度；In this embodiment, in step 4), when the indoor thermal environment is thermal environment type II, a resistance dew point hygrometer is used to measure whether the skin has humidity changes caused by sweat, and a thermocouple is used to measure the skin temperature Tskin of the indoor person; specifically, when measuring the skin temperature Tskin of the indoor person, a copper-constantan thermocouple is used to test the skin of multiple parts of the human body, and the weighted sum is used to obtain the average skin temperature of the human body;
当电阻式露点湿度计测量到皮肤处有汗液引起的湿度变化时，判定室内为不舒适环境；When the resistance dew point hygrometer measures the humidity change caused by sweat on the skin, it determines that the indoor environment is uncomfortable;
当电阻式露点湿度计未测量到皮肤处有汗液引起的湿度变化且Tskin>Tskin1时，判定室内为不舒适环境；When the resistance dew point hygrometer does not measure the humidity change caused by sweat on the skin and Tskin>Tskin1, the indoor environment is judged to be uncomfortable;
当电阻式露点湿度计未测量到皮肤处有汗液引起的湿度变化且Tskin≤Tskin1时，判定室内为舒适热环境；When the resistance dew point hygrometer does not measure the humidity change caused by sweat on the skin and Tskin≤Tskin1, the indoor environment is judged to be a comfortable thermal environment;
其中，Tskin1预设默认实数值，且Tskin1大于30℃。Among them, Tskin1 presets a default real value, and Tskin1 is greater than 30°C.
在本实施例中，步骤4)中，当室内热环境为热环境类型III时，采用检测电极对室内人员施加电刺激以得到室内人员的感觉神经传导速度参数SCV，并根据感觉神经传导速度参数SCV计算得到平均热感觉值TSV：In this embodiment, in step 4), when the indoor thermal environment is thermal environment type III, the detection electrode is used to apply electrical stimulation to the indoor personnel to obtain the sensory nerve conduction velocity parameter SCV of the indoor personnel, and the average thermal sensation value TSV is calculated according to the sensory nerve conduction velocity parameter SCV:
TSV＝d*SCV+eTSV＝d*SCV+e
式中，d、e均为常数；In the formula, d and e are constants;
当-0.5<TSV<0.5时，判定室内为舒适热环境；When -0.5<TSV<0.5, the indoor environment is judged to be a comfortable thermal environment;
当TSV≥0.5或TSV≤-0.5时，判定室内为不舒适环境。When TSV≥0.5 or TSV≤-0.5, the indoor environment is judged to be uncomfortable.
在本实施例中，步骤4)中，当室内热环境为热环境类型III时，采用顺向检测或逆向检测的方法得到室内人员的感觉神经传导速度参数SCV；In this embodiment, in step 4), when the indoor thermal environment is thermal environment type III, the sensory nerve conduction velocity parameter SCV of the indoor personnel is obtained by using a forward detection or a reverse detection method;
顺向检测方法为：将检测电极放置在室内人员的拇指或食指位置并施加电刺激，然后在室内人员的手掌、手腕、手肘或腋部记录产生的刺激信号；The forward detection method is: the detection electrode is placed on the thumb or index finger of the person in the room and electrical stimulation is applied, and then the stimulation signal generated is recorded on the palm, wrist, elbow or axilla of the person in the room;
逆向检测方法为：将检测电极放置在室内人员掌腕位置并施加电刺激，然后在室内人员的手指端记录产生的刺激信号；The reverse detection method is: place the detection electrodes at the palm and wrist of the person in the room and apply electrical stimulation, and then record the generated stimulation signal at the fingertips of the person in the room;
与现有技术方案对比，本发明具有以下优点：采用人体生理指标对热舒适进行评价，使评价结果将不再完全依赖于受试者的主观判断，更加客观和准确。本方法在不同的热环境下采用相应的生理指标进行预测，避免了某种指标在不同范围预测精度不同的问题，提高了整体的预测精度，这样也使得本发明的评价方法适用的范围更广。Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: the evaluation of thermal comfort by using human physiological indicators makes the evaluation result no longer completely dependent on the subjective judgment of the subject, and is more objective and accurate. The method uses corresponding physiological indicators for prediction under different thermal environments, avoiding the problem of different prediction accuracy of a certain indicator in different ranges, improving the overall prediction accuracy, and thus making the evaluation method of the present invention more applicable.
实施例一：下面，以一个具体的实施例为例进行说明：Embodiment 1: Below, a specific embodiment is used as an example to illustrate:
步骤1)输入用户信息，年龄24岁，身高178cm，体重75kg；Step 1) Enter user information: age 24, height 178cm, weight 75kg;
步骤2)测量室内人员血压，其中舒张压BPd为80mmHg，收缩压BPs为120mmHg；Step 2) measuring the blood pressure of the people in the room, wherein the diastolic blood pressure BPd is 80 mmHg and the systolic blood pressure BPs is 120 mmHg;
步骤3)设BPd0＝75mmHg，BPs0＝115mmHg；a＝0.4；b＝0.02；c＝0.1，X1＝3、Y1＝5、X2＝3,Y2＝5；Step 3) Assume BPd0=75 mmHg, BPs0=115 mmHg; a=0.4; b=0.02; c=0.1, X1=3, Y1=5, X2=3, Y2=5;
则此时BMI＝23.7，BPd＝80>BPd1+X1＝76；BPs＝120>BPs1+Y1＝117At this time, BMI＝23.7, BPd＝80>BPd1+X1＝76; BPs＝120>BPs1+Y1＝117
则判断室内环境属于热环境类型III；Then the indoor environment is judged to be thermal environment type III;
步骤4)平均热感觉值TSV采用SCV指标进行判断，如附图2所示，设d＝0.065；e＝3.149，Step 4) The average thermal sensation value TSV is determined using the SCV index, as shown in FIG2 , assuming d=0.065; e=3.149,
采用逆向法检测的方法，将刺激电极放置在掌腕处，一般在掌长肌腱和桡侧腕屈肌腱之间，腕皱褶线上方刺激正中神经，用指环电极于拇指、食指或中指记录刺激信号，测得SCV的值为50m/s，根据平均热感觉值的计算公式，此时TSV＝0.065*50-3.149＝0.101；The reverse method is used to detect, and the stimulation electrode is placed on the palm and wrist, generally between the palmaris longus tendon and the radial flexor carpi tendon, above the wrist crease line to stimulate the median nerve. The stimulation signal is recorded by a ring electrode on the thumb, index finger or middle finger. The SCV value is 50m/s. According to the calculation formula of the average thermal sensation value, TSV = 0.065*50-3.149 = 0.101;
-0.5<TSV＝0.101<0.5，可判断为舒适热环境。-0.5<TSV＝0.101<0.5, which can be judged as a comfortable thermal environment.
最后需要说明的是，以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制技术方案，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解，那些对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换，而不脱离本技术方案的宗旨和范围，均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit the technical solution. Those skilled in the art should understand that those modifications or equivalent substitutions of the technical solution of the present invention that do not depart from the purpose and scope of the technical solution should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.
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