CN114680715A

CN114680715A - Cleaning machine

Info

Publication number: CN114680715A
Application number: CN202011564183.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王安琦; 郑军妹; 张金京; 曹斌
Original assignee: Ningbo Fotile Kitchen Ware Co Ltd
Current assignee: Ningbo Fotile Kitchen Ware Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-12-25
Filing date: 2020-12-25
Publication date: 2022-07-01
Anticipated expiration: 2040-12-25
Also published as: CN114680715B

Abstract

The invention relates to a cleaner, wherein a shell is provided with a dust absorption cavity with a downward opening at the front side of the traveling direction of the cleaner, a dust blocking component comprises two door plate structures which are oppositely arranged at the front side and the rear side of the dust absorption cavity, an actuating element is arranged at the bottom of the shell and is respectively in driving connection with the door plate structures, the action of advancing or retreating the cleaner is linked with the door plate structures in the dust blocking component through the actuating element, when the cleaner advances or retreats, the door plate structure at the rear side of the traveling direction of the cleaner is opened, so that the cleaner can move to drive the actuating element to act on the door plate structures to open or close the door plate structures, the cleaning state of the cleaner can be switched without an additional driving mechanism or other operations, the cleaning state of the cleaner is very convenient, and when the dust absorption cavity is not completely absorbed and cleaned, the door plate structures play a role in ensuring, ensuring the cleaning effect.

Description

Cleaning machine

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of dust removing equipment, in particular to a cleaning machine.

Background

In the existing negative pressure cleaning equipment, such as a sweeping robot, a handheld dust collector and the like, the traveling direction of the equipment is defaulted to be the cleaning direction of the equipment, namely, cleaning suction openings of the cleaning equipment are all located on the front side of the traveling direction, so that the cleaning effect is good when the equipment moves forwards, and the dust removal effect is often poor when the equipment moves reversely. In the cleaning process, lost sundries and dust can appear in many times, so that the equipment is required to turn around and then walk along the original route once again, and the cleaning process is very inconvenient.

The invention discloses a dust collector floor brush with double suction openings, which is characterized in that a front suction opening and a rear suction opening are respectively arranged in front of and behind a base, a flow guide hole is arranged at the downstream of an air inlet of the floor brush, and an airflow dust collection channel positioned at the upstream of the flow guide hole is formed between an upper fan cover and a lower fan cover. Through the setting of two suction inlets in front and back, solved current scrubbing brush and retreated unable clean or clean the unsatisfactory problem of effect. This double suction port design still has certain drawbacks. On one hand, the rear suction port destroys the original structure of the whole air duct design, and the dust suction channel matched with the rear suction port occupies the suction flux of the total suction dust suction channel and influences the dust suction effect of the front suction port; on the other hand, the rear suction port only moves backwards relative to the front suction port, the ground clearance of the whole machine is not changed, and dust and sundries which cannot be sucked in during the forward movement still cannot be sucked smoothly after the backward movement.

Chinese patent application No. CN200580004495.4 discloses a "floor dust collecting opening for dust collector", in which a stopper is provided at both the front end and the rear end of a roller of the floor brush, and the stopper can move up or down to move up the corresponding stopper, so that a side seam is formed at the front side or the rear side of the suction opening facing downward originally, thereby facilitating repeated dust collection from the side seam to the position where dust is not easily removed, such as a carpet, moving back and forth. But the design of the dust suction port which is changed up and down has better dust suction effect on flexible surfaces such as carpets and the like, but the dust suction effect on sundries on the ground is not good, and the dust suction port still does not accord with the conventional dust removal environment.

Disclosure of Invention

The first technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a cleaning machine which can prevent dust from being missed during advancing and retreating aiming at the current situation of the prior art.

A second technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a cleaning machine capable of actively switching the height of the machine body on the corresponding side according to the forward and backward states so as to facilitate the cleaning of dust and impurities, in view of the current state of the prior art.

A third technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a cleaning machine that can raise or lower the rear part of the housing by means of backward kinetic energy, in view of the current state of the prior art.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the first technical problem is as follows: this cleaning machine includes:

the cleaning machine comprises a shell, a dust collecting cavity and a dust collecting channel, wherein the front side of the traveling direction of the cleaning machine is provided with a dust collecting cavity with a downward opening, and a gap is reserved between the bottom of the shell and the ground to be cleaned so as to form a dust collecting channel for dust to enter the dust collecting cavity;

also includes:

the dust blocking assembly comprises two door plate structures which are oppositely arranged on the front side and the rear side of the dust suction cavity, and the extending direction of each door plate structure is crossed with the advancing direction of the cleaning machine;

the actuating piece is arranged at the bottom of the shell and is respectively in driving connection with the door panel structures, and the actuating piece acts on the two door panel structures when the cleaning machine is in a forward state, so that the door panel structure on the front side of the dust collection cavity is in an open state, the door panel structure on the rear side of the dust collection cavity is in a closed state, and the inlet of the dust collection channel faces forwards;

when the cleaning machine is in a backward state, the actuating piece acts on the two door plate structures, so that the door plate structure on the front side of the dust suction cavity is in a closed state, the door plate structure on the rear side of the dust suction cavity is in an open state, and the inlet of the dust suction channel faces backwards.

In order to ensure that the corresponding door panel structure can be opened or closed when the cleaning machine is in a forward or backward state, the door panel structure preferably comprises a fixed plate and a movable plate, the fixed plate is arranged at the bottom of the shell, the movable plate is at least partially positioned in the shell, and the shell is provided with a through opening for the movable plate to pass through at the corresponding position.

Specifically, a plurality of dust suction ports arranged at intervals are formed in the fixed plate in the length direction, and the movable plate and the fixed plate are arranged side by side and can slide back and forth in the length direction of the fixed plate so as to synchronously open or close the dust suction ports, so that the door plate structure is in an open state or a closed state.

In order to ensure that the actuating element can switch the state of the door panel structure according to the moving direction of the cleaning machine, preferably, a positioning frame is arranged in the housing, the actuating element is accommodated in the positioning frame in a back-and-forth sliding manner and is at least partially exposed out of the housing, a connecting rod is correspondingly arranged between the movable plate and the actuating element of each door panel structure, and in the forward or backward moving state of the cleaning machine, the actuating element correspondingly slides backwards or forwards to drive the corresponding door panel structure to be in an open state, and the other door panel structure is in a closed state.

In order to further solve the second technical problem, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the cleaning machine also comprises:

a driving wheel rotatably connected to the housing with a rotation axis perpendicular to a traveling direction of the cleaning machine, and arranged to be movable up and down with respect to the housing;

and the power output end of the adjusting mechanism is in driving connection with the driving wheel and can act on the driving wheel when the cleaning machine is in a retreating state, so that the driving wheel moves downwards relative to the shell, the bottom wall of the shell inclines downwards from back to front, and a first gap for enabling sundries and dust to enter is formed between the bottom wall at the rear side of the shell and the ground to be cleaned.

The bottom of the housing is provided with a roller on each of two sides, and the roller is arranged adjacent to the dust suction cavity, so that the bottom wall of the cleaner is inclined downwards from front to back in the forward state of the cleaner, and a second gap is formed between the dust suction cavity and the floor to be cleaned.

In order to ensure that the guide is formed when the driving wheel moves up and down, preferably, a shaft hole extending vertically is formed in the position, corresponding to the driving wheel, of the shell, a connecting seat moving up and down relative to the shell is further arranged in the shell, the connecting seat is provided with an installation shaft capable of being exposed out of the shaft hole, the driving wheel is arranged on the installation shaft, and in a retreating state of the cleaning machine, a power output end of the adjusting mechanism acts on the connecting seat and enables the connecting seat to drive the installation shaft and the driving wheel to synchronously move down.

The power for the driving wheel to move up and down can be in different forms, preferably, the adjusting mechanism comprises an electromagnet arranged on the connecting seat and a magnetic part arranged in the shell and in ferromagnetic fit with the electromagnet, the magnetic part is arranged below the electromagnet, and when the cleaning machine is in a retreating state, the magnetic poles of the electromagnet opposite to the magnetic part are the same magnetic poles.

In order to further solve the third technical problem, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the electric component is electrically connected with the electromagnet, so that the power of the driving wheel can be converted into electric energy, the electric component is supplied to the electromagnet, the driving wheel has different running directions, the directions of cutting the magnetic induction lines are different, the electromagnet can generate different magnetism, attraction or repulsion with the magnetic part is realized, and up-and-down movement of the driving wheel is ensured.

Preferably, the connecting seat still includes the body, outwards extend on one of them lateral wall of body have the installation axle, this internal cavity that has, magnet group and coil are all located in this cavity, what install epaxial the running through be equipped with the intercommunication the through-hole of cavity, power wheel and coil link together through the gangbar of wearing to establish in this through-hole.

Specifically, the mounting shaft is inwards sunken to form a caulking groove on the end wall far away from the body, the power wheel is embedded in the caulking groove, a first tooth portion arranged in the circumferential direction is arranged in the caulking groove, a second tooth portion matched with the first tooth portion in a meshed mode is correspondingly arranged on the circumferential wall of the power wheel, and the driving wheel and the power wheel are linked through the meshed first tooth portion and the meshed second tooth portion.

In order to ensure that the driving wheel has certain buffering and prevent the magnetic attraction from being too sudden, the magnetic attraction type power transmission device also comprises an elastic part, wherein the elastic part is in an energy storage state and acts on the connecting seat when the connecting seat moves downwards, so that the connecting seat always has the tendency of moving upwards to reset.

Specifically, the connecting seat is provided with accommodating cavities with downward openings on the front side and the rear side, the bottom of the shell is provided with positioning columns which extend upwards and are matched with the accommodating cavities at corresponding positions, and the elastic piece is a spring which is arranged in the accommodating cavities and two ends of the spring respectively abut against the top walls of the accommodating cavities and the upper ends of the positioning columns.

Preferably, the cleaning machine is a vacuum cleaner or a sweeping robot.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: in the cleaning machine, the action of forward or backward movement of the cleaning machine is linked with the door plate structure in the dust blocking assembly through the actuating piece, when the cleaning machine moves forward, the door plate structure on the rear side corresponding to the dust suction cavity is closed and the door plate structure on the front side is opened under the action of the actuating piece, so that dust and impurities coming from the front to the cleaning machine cannot be omitted; on the contrary, when the cleaner retreats, the door plate structure corresponding to the front side of the dust suction cavity is closed, and the door plate structure on the rear side is opened, so that the cleaner moves to drive the actuating piece to act on the door plate structure, and the door plate structure is opened or closed without an additional driving mechanism or other operations, thereby realizing the switching of the cleaning state of the cleaner, being very convenient, and when the dust suction cavity is not completely adsorbed, the door plate structure plays a guarantee role, and ensuring the cleaning effect.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a cleaning machine according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of FIG. 1 with a part of the structure omitted and at another angle;

FIG. 3 is an overall view of FIG. 2 with a part of the structure omitted;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the cleaning machine with the dust-blocking assembly omitted;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of the cleaning machine with the drive wheels omitted;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged schematic view at A in FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the driving wheel with a part of the structure omitted in the present embodiment;

fig. 8 is a sectional view of the present embodiment with a part of the structure omitted;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the structure of FIG. 8 at another angle;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the cleaning machine in a forward state;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the cleaning machine in a reverse position;

fig. 12 is an overall schematic view of the cleaning machine.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying examples.

As shown in fig. 1 to 12, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cleaning machine includes a housing 1, a dust blocking assembly and an actuating member 20, wherein the housing 1 has a dust suction chamber 11 with a downward opening at a front side of a traveling direction of the cleaning machine, that is, a dust suction opening 111 is at a bottom of the dust suction chamber 11, and an air outlet 113 in fluid communication with the dust suction opening 111 is further provided at a rear portion of the housing 1, and the air outlet 113 is located downstream of the dust suction opening 111 along an airflow path, so that the dust suction opening 111, the dust suction chamber 11 and the air outlet 113 form a complete dust suction flow channel. Of course, in order to ensure that the cleaning machine covers a sufficient cleaning area, at least two dust suction chambers are usually provided, in this embodiment, 4 dust suction chambers are taken as an example for illustration, the 4 dust suction chambers form an upstream section of the dust suction flow channel, and a position adjacent to the air outlet 113 forms a downstream section of the dust suction flow channel, generally speaking, the upstream section and the downstream section of the dust suction flow channel are not necessarily in the same flow direction, in practice, since the directions of the dust suction port 111 and the air outlet 113 in actual production are opposite, for example, the dust suction port 111 is usually disposed downward, so as to facilitate suction of dust on the surface of a bottom surface, a table top, and the air outlet 113 is usually disposed upward or laterally for facilitating air exhaust. Therefore, in order to match the design of the dust suction port 111, the dust suction flow passage in the present embodiment is arranged substantially vertically or at a slight angle to the vertical at the upstream section; in order to adapt to the design of the air outlet 113, the dust chamber 11 is arranged substantially horizontally or at a slight angle to the horizontal in the downstream section.

Of course, in order to perform the dust suction function, in addition to the cooperation of the various components within the housing 1, other structures are required to cooperate: the cleaning machine further comprises a fan 7 and a separation module 8 for separating a water and dust mixture, the separation module 8 being located between the housing 1 and the fan 7 along the airflow path, the inlet end of the separation module 8 being in fluid communication with the outlet end of the housing 1, the outlet end of the separation module 8 being in fluid communication with the inlet end of the fan 7. The cleaning machine may be a vacuum cleaner, a sweeping robot or the like, and referring to fig. 12, the vacuum cleaner is taken as an example for explanation, but not limited thereto.

In this embodiment, the above-mentioned brush head 14 is used for cleaning the object to be cleaned, and the brush head 14 is disposed at the dust suction opening 111 of the dust suction chamber 11. The brush head 14 may be a fixed brush or other movable brush head such as a rolling brush, and in this embodiment, a disc brush is used, the disc brush performs cleaning in a rotating manner, and a rotating axis of the disc brush extends vertically to ensure a maximum contact area with a surface to be cleaned, so as to improve the cleaning effect.

In this embodiment, a gap is left between the bottom of the housing 1 and the ground to be cleaned to form a dust collection channel for dust to enter the dust collection cavity 11, the dust blocking assembly includes two door panel structures 2 oppositely arranged on the front and rear sides of the dust collection cavity 11, the extending direction of each door panel structure 2 is crossed with the advancing direction of the cleaning machine, the actuating element 20 is arranged at the bottom of the housing and is respectively in driving connection with each door panel structure 2, and in the forward state of the cleaning machine, the actuating element 20 acts on the two door panel structures 2 to make the door panel structure 2 on the front side of the dust collection cavity 11 in an open state and the door panel structure 2 on the rear side in a closed state, so that the inlet of the dust collection channel faces forward;

in the retracted state of the cleaning machine, the actuating element 20 acts on the two door leaf structures 2 such that the door leaf structure 2 on the front side of the suction chamber 11 is in the closed state and the door leaf structure 2 on the rear side is in the open state, so that the inlet of the suction channel faces backwards.

In the present embodiment, the door panel structure 2 includes a fixed plate 21 and a movable plate 22, the fixed plate 21 is disposed at the bottom of the casing 1, the movable plate 22 is at least partially located in the casing 1, and the casing 1 is provided with a through opening at a corresponding position for the movable plate 22 to pass through. The fixed plate 21 is provided with a plurality of dust suction ports 2a arranged at intervals along the length direction, and the movable plate 22 is arranged side by side with the fixed plate 21 and can slide back and forth along the length direction of the fixed plate 21 so as to synchronously open or close the dust suction ports 2a, thereby enabling the door panel structure 2 to be in an open state or a closed state.

In order to ensure that the actuating element 20 has a proper sliding interval in the housing 1, a positioning frame 14 is provided in the housing 1, the actuating element 20 is accommodated in the positioning frame 14 in a back-and-forth sliding manner and is at least partially exposed out of the housing 1, a connecting rod 23 is correspondingly provided between the movable plate 22 and the actuating element 20 of each door panel structure 2, and in a state that the cleaning machine is moved forward or backward, the actuating element 20 correspondingly slides backward or forward, thereby driving the corresponding door panel structure 2 to be in an open state, and the other door panel structure 2 to be in a closed state.

In this embodiment, the cleaning machine further comprises a drive wheel 3 and an adjustment mechanism 4. The driving wheel 3 is rotatably connected to the housing 1 with its axis of rotation perpendicular to the direction of travel of the cleaning machine, and the driving wheel 3 is arranged to be able to move up and down relative to the housing 1, while the power take-off of the adjusting mechanism 4 is drivingly connected to the driving wheel 3 and is able to act on the driving wheel 3 in the backward state of the cleaning machine, so that the driving wheel 3 moves down relative to the housing 1, the bottom wall of the housing 1 slopes down from the back to the front, and a first gap 4a for the entry of debris and dust is formed between the bottom wall at the rear side of the housing 1 and the floor to be cleaned. Through the effect of adjustment mechanism for under the cleaner state of moving back, its drive wheel is in the state of downward movement, the diapire of cleaner casing body is the trend of downward sloping from the back forward this moment, will form the first clearance that supplies dust debris self-cleaning machine rear side to enter the dust absorption chamber like this at the rear portion of cleaner, in addition with the door plant structure cooperation that corresponds, when guaranteeing that the cleaner is moved back, the rear side of cleaner has sufficient space and supplies dust debris to inhale the dust absorption chamber, and then guaranteed that the cleaner is when moving to each direction, in case partial debris dust leaks, just can retreat through operating the cleaner and realize the dust absorption, need not to transfer the direction again.

The up and down movement of the driving wheel 3 in this embodiment does not directly cause the corresponding generation state switching of the cleaning machine, but in both sides of the bottom of the housing 1, each side is provided with a roller 12, the roller 12 is arranged adjacent to the dust suction chamber 11, so that the bottom wall of the cleaning machine is inclined downwards from front to back in the forward state, thereby forming a second gap 4b between the dust suction chamber 11 and the floor to be cleaned, and the existence of the roller, which is equivalent to the function of a seesaw, facilitates the switching of the cleaning state of the whole cleaning machine when the driving wheel 3 moves up and down.

In this embodiment, the housing 1 is provided with a shaft hole 13 extending vertically at a position corresponding to the driving wheel 3, the housing 1 is further provided with a connecting seat 5 moving up and down relative to the housing 1, the connecting seat 5 is provided with an installation shaft 51 capable of being exposed out of the shaft hole 13, the driving wheel 3 is arranged on the installation shaft 51, and when the cleaning machine is in a retreating state, the power output end of the adjusting mechanism 4 acts on the connecting seat 5, and the connecting seat 5 drives the installation shaft 51 and the driving wheel 3 to move downward synchronously. The connecting base 5 further includes a body 52, and a mounting shaft 51 extending outwardly from one of the side walls of the body 52. The adjusting mechanism 4 in this embodiment includes an electromagnet 41 disposed on the connecting base 5 and a magnetic member 42 disposed in the housing 1 and magnetically engaged with the electromagnet 41, the magnetic member 42 is disposed below the electromagnet, and when the cleaning machine is in a retreating state, the magnetic poles of the electromagnet 41 and the magnetic member 42 are the same. The electric component 43 is used for converting kinetic energy of the driving wheel 3 into electric energy of the electromagnet 41, the electric component 43 comprises a power wheel 431, a coil 432 and a magnet group 433, wherein the power wheel 431 is arranged to rotate along the axis of the power wheel 431, the power wheel 431 is linked with the driving wheel 3, the magnet group 433 comprises two magnets which are oppositely arranged and have opposite magnetic poles, the coil 432 is connected to the power wheel 431, magnetic induction lines generated by the two magnets are cut in the rotating process of the power wheel 431, and the coil 432 is electrically connected with the electromagnet 41. The body 52 is provided with a cavity 5a, the magnet group 433 and the coil 432 are both arranged in the cavity 5a, the mounting shaft 51 is provided with a through hole penetrating through the cavity 5a, and the power wheel 431 and the coil 432 are connected together through a linkage rod 511 penetrating through the through hole. The mounting shaft 51 is inwards recessed to form a caulking groove 512 on the end wall far away from the body 52, the power wheel 431 is embedded in the caulking groove 512, a first tooth portion arranged in the circumferential direction is arranged in the caulking groove 512, a second tooth portion matched with the meshing of the first tooth portion is correspondingly arranged on the circumferential wall of the power wheel 431, and the driving wheel 3 and the power wheel 431 are linked through the meshing of the first tooth portion and the second tooth portion.

In this embodiment, in order to ensure that the driving wheel has a certain buffer and prevent the magnetic attraction from being too sudden, the driving wheel further comprises an elastic member 6, and when the connecting seat 5 is in a downward moving state, the elastic member 6 is in an energy storage state and acts on the connecting seat 5, so that the connecting seat 5 always has a tendency of moving upward and returning. Specifically, the connecting seat 5 is provided with accommodating cavities 5b with downward openings on the front and rear sides, the bottom of the casing 1 is provided with positioning pillars 5c extending upwards and matching with the accommodating cavities 5b at corresponding positions, and the elastic member 6 is a spring arranged in the accommodating cavity 5b, and two ends of the spring respectively abut against the top wall of the accommodating cavity 5b and the upper ends of the positioning pillars 5 c.

The term "fluid communication" as used herein refers to a spatial relationship between two components or portions (hereinafter collectively referred to as a first portion and a second portion, respectively), i.e., a fluid (gas, liquid or a mixture of both) can flow along a flow path from the first portion and/or be transported to the second portion, and may be a direct communication between the first portion and the second portion, or an indirect communication between the first portion and the second portion via at least one third element, such as a fluid channel, e.g., a pipe, a channel, a duct, a flow guide, a hole, a groove, or a chamber that allows a fluid to flow through, or a combination thereof.

Also, directional terms, such as "front," "rear," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "side," "top," "bottom," and the like, may be used in the description and claims to describe various example structural portions and elements of the invention, but are used herein for convenience of description only and are determined based on the example orientations shown in the figures. Because the disclosed embodiments of the present invention may be oriented in different directions, the directional terms are used for descriptive purposes and are not to be construed as limiting, e.g., "upper" and "lower" are not necessarily limited to directions opposite to or coincident with the direction of gravity.

Claims

1. A cleaning machine comprising:

the cleaning machine comprises a shell (1), a dust suction cavity (11) with a downward opening is formed in the front side of the traveling direction of the cleaning machine, and a gap is reserved between the bottom of the shell (1) and the ground to be cleaned so as to form a dust suction channel for dust to enter the dust suction cavity (11);

it is characterized by also comprising:

the dust blocking assembly comprises two door plate structures (2) which are oppositely arranged on the front side and the rear side of the dust suction cavity (11), and the extending direction of each door plate structure (2) is crossed with the advancing direction of the cleaning machine;

the actuating piece (20) is arranged at the bottom of the shell and is respectively in driving connection with the door panel structures (2), and when the cleaning machine is in a forward state, the actuating piece (20) acts on the two door panel structures (2) to enable the door panel structure (2) on the front side of the dust suction cavity (11) to be in an open state and the door panel structure (2) on the rear side to be in a closed state, so that the inlet of the dust suction channel faces forwards;

when the cleaning machine is in a backward state, the actuating piece (20) acts on the two door panel structures (2) to enable the door panel structure (2) on the front side of the dust suction cavity (11) to be in a closed state and the door panel structure (2) on the rear side to be in an open state, and further enable the inlet of the dust suction channel to face backwards.

2. The cleaning machine of claim 1, wherein: the door plate structure (2) comprises a fixed plate (21) and a movable plate (22), the fixed plate (21) is arranged at the bottom of the shell (1), at least part of the movable plate (22) is located in the shell (1), and the shell (1) is provided with a through hole for the movable plate (22) to penetrate through at a corresponding position.

3. The cleaning machine of claim 2, wherein: the fixed plate (21) is provided with a plurality of dust suction ports (2a) which are arranged at intervals along the length direction, and the movable plate (22) and the fixed plate (21) are arranged side by side and can slide back and forth along the length direction of the fixed plate (21) so as to synchronously open or close the dust suction ports (2a) and further enable the door plate structure (2) to be in an open state or a closed state.

4. The cleaning machine of claim 3, wherein: the cleaning machine is characterized in that a positioning frame (14) is arranged in the shell (1), the actuating piece (20) is accommodated in the positioning frame (14) in a front-back sliding mode and at least partially exposed out of the shell (1), a connecting rod (23) is correspondingly arranged between the movable plate (22) and the actuating piece (20) of each door plate structure (2), and in the state that the cleaning machine moves forwards or backwards, the actuating piece (20) correspondingly slides backwards or forwards, so that the corresponding door plate structure (2) is driven to be in an open state, and the other door plate structure (2) is in a closed state.

5. A cleaning machine as defined in any one of claims 1 to 4 in which: also comprises

A drive wheel (3) rotatably connected to the housing (1) with its axis of rotation perpendicular to the direction of travel of the cleaning machine, the drive wheel (3) being arranged to move up and down relative to the housing (1);

and the power output end of the adjusting mechanism (4) is in driving connection with the driving wheel (3) and can act on the driving wheel (3) when the cleaning machine is in a backward state, so that the driving wheel (3) moves downwards relative to the shell (1), the bottom wall of the shell (1) inclines downwards from back to front, and a first gap (4a) for allowing sundries and dust to enter is formed between the bottom wall of the back side of the shell (1) and the ground to be cleaned.

6. The cleaning machine of claim 5, wherein: a roller (12) is provided on each of two sides of the bottom of the housing (1), and the roller (12) is disposed adjacent to the dust chamber (11) such that the bottom wall of the cleaner is inclined downward from front to rear in a forward state of the cleaner, thereby forming a second gap (4b) between the dust chamber (11) and a floor to be cleaned.

7. The cleaning machine of claim 6, wherein: the utility model discloses a cleaner, including casing (1), drive wheel (3), connecting seat (5) that the casing (1) corresponds, the shaft hole (13) of vertical extension are seted up in the position that corresponds with drive wheel (3), still be equipped with in casing (1) relatively casing (1) reciprocates, this connecting seat (5) have can expose in installation axle (51) in shaft hole (13), drive wheel (3) are located on this installation axle (51), and, the cleaner is in under the state of retreating, the power take off of adjustment mechanism (4) is used in this connecting seat (5) to make this connecting seat (5) drive installation axle (51), drive wheel (3) synchronous downstream.

8. The cleaning machine of claim 7, wherein: the adjusting mechanism (4) comprises an electromagnet (41) arranged on the connecting seat (5) and a magnetic piece (42) arranged in the shell (1) and magnetically matched with the electromagnet (41), the magnetic piece (42) is arranged below the electromagnet, and the magnetic poles of the electromagnet (41) and the magnetic piece (42) which are opposite are same magnetic poles when the cleaning machine is in a retreating state.

9. The cleaning machine of claim 8, wherein: the electric power transmission device is characterized by further comprising an electric assembly (43) used for converting kinetic energy of the driving wheel (3) into electric energy of the electromagnet (41), wherein the electric assembly (43) comprises a power wheel (431), a coil (432) and a magnet group (433), the power wheel (431) is arranged to rotate along the axis of the power wheel, the power wheel (431) is in linkage with the driving wheel (3), the magnet group (433) comprises two magnets which are oppositely arranged and have opposite magnetic poles, the coil (432) is connected to the power wheel (431), magnetic induction lines generated by the two magnets are cut in the rotating process of the power wheel (431), and the coil (432) is electrically connected with the electromagnet (41).

10. The cleaning machine of claim 9, wherein: the connecting seat (5) further comprises a body (52), one side wall of the body (52) is outwardly extended with the mounting shaft (51), a cavity (5a) is formed in the body (52), the magnet group (433) and the coil (432) are arranged in the cavity (5a), a through hole communicated with the cavity (5a) is formed in the mounting shaft (51) in a penetrating mode, and the power wheel (431) and the coil (432) are connected together through a linkage rod (511) penetrating through the through hole.

11. The cleaning machine of claim 9, wherein: the mounting shaft (51) is inwards recessed to form a caulking groove (512) on the end wall far away from the body (52), the power wheel (431) is embedded in the caulking groove (512), a first tooth portion arranged in the circumferential direction is arranged in the caulking groove (512), a second tooth portion matched with the first tooth portion in a meshed mode is correspondingly arranged on the circumferential wall of the power wheel (431), and the driving wheel (3) and the power wheel (431) are linked through meshing of the first tooth portion and the second tooth portion.

12. The cleaning machine of claim 5, wherein: the connecting device is characterized by further comprising an elastic piece (6), wherein the elastic piece (6) is in an energy storage state and acts on the connecting seat (5) when the connecting seat (5) moves downwards, so that the connecting seat (5) always has the tendency of moving upwards to reset.

13. The cleaning machine of claim 12, wherein: the connecting seat (5) is provided with accommodating cavities (5b) with downward openings on the front side and the rear side, the bottom of the shell (1) is provided with positioning columns (5c) which extend upwards and are matched with the accommodating cavities (5b) at corresponding positions, and the elastic piece (6) is a spring which is arranged in the accommodating cavities (5b) and the two ends of which are respectively abutted against the top walls of the accommodating cavities (5b) and the upper ends of the positioning columns (5 c).

14. The cleaning machine of claim 1, wherein: the cleaning machine is a dust collector or a sweeping robot.