CN114679384A

CN114679384A - Short-wave token ring network equivalent simulation method based on OPNET

Info

Publication number: CN114679384A
Application number: CN202210336971.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李程文; 盛理想; 张晓娇; 王会平; 汪润生
Original assignee: Kunshan jiuhua electronic equipment factory
Current assignee: Kunshan jiuhua electronic equipment factory
Priority date: 2022-03-31
Filing date: 2022-03-31
Publication date: 2022-06-28

Abstract

The invention discloses an OPNET-based short-wave token ring network equivalent simulation method, which comprises the steps of constructing a process model of an MAC layer data processing module according to a state transfer mechanism in a star topology structure, wherein the state transfer mechanism in the star topology structure comprises message distribution positioned at a central position and a plurality of state machines, and all state transfer is realized by the message distribution according to event judgment; the method comprises the steps that an OPNET software self-contained generation packet model and a sink receiving processing model are used for achieving application layer equivalence, a wireless transmitter and a wireless receiver achieve physical layer equivalence through configuration of pipeline stage parameters, an application data MAC layer interface uses a queue process model, and finally a process model of an MAC layer data processing module is placed to complete construction of a node model; building a simulation network scene; and displaying the simulation result of the statistical variable. The invention can build the short-wave token ring network in the OPNET software, simplifies the modeling process and provides a convenient and visual mode to understand the working mechanism of the short-wave token ring network.

Description

Short-wave token ring network equivalent simulation method based on OPNET

[ technical field ] A method for producing a semiconductor device

The invention belongs to the technical field of communication, and particularly relates to an OPNET-based short-wave token ring network equivalent simulation method.

[ background of the invention ]

At present, if communication networking research of a short-wave token ring network is realized through simulation, an equipment model needs to be customized, transmission characteristics among equipment are considered, meanwhile, data transmission, data reception and data processing need to be programmed, and a technician is required to have certain programming capacity in the whole simulation process, and the simulation process is time-consuming and labor-consuming.

In China, the short-wave token ring protocol is not yet applied to an actual ship, many researchers study the short-wave token ring protocol from the aspects of theory and communication performance, and some scholars realize the functions of the short-wave token ring through a programming mode, but the difference of the programming mode and the realization process is large, so that the simulation result is difficult to display visually. Meanwhile, only a node model of the token ring network is provided in OPNET software, the difference exists between the OPNET software and a short-wave token ring protocol, especially, the relay condition exists in the short-wave token ring, the requirement for constructing the short-wave token ring network cannot be met by directly using the token ring node model, and the token ring node model carried by the software is too complex, so that the multi-layer architecture is involved, and researchers cannot realize the simulation of the short-wave token ring network in a short time.

Therefore, there is a need to provide a new OPNET-based short-wave token ring network equivalent simulation method to solve the above technical problems.

[ summary of the invention ]

The invention mainly aims to provide an OPNET-based short-wave token ring network equivalent simulation method, which can be used for building a short-wave token ring network in OPNET software, simplifies the modeling process and provides a convenient and visual mode for understanding the working mechanism of the short-wave token ring network.

The invention realizes the purpose through the following technical scheme: an OPNET-based short-wave token ring network equivalent simulation method comprises the following steps:

step 1: the method comprises the steps that a process model of an MAC layer data processing module is built according to a state transfer mechanism in a star topology structure, the state transfer mechanism in the star topology structure comprises a message distribution Dispatch and a plurality of state machines, wherein the message distribution Dispatch is located in a central position, and state transfer among all the state machines is achieved through event judgment by the message distribution Dispatch;

and 2, step: constructing a node model of a short-wave token ring network, realizing application layer equivalence by using a generation packet model and a sink receiving processing model carried by OPNET software, realizing physical layer equivalence by configuring pipeline stage parameters by using a wireless transmitter and a wireless receiver, using a queue process model by using an application data MAC layer interface, and finally placing the process model of the MAC layer data processing module in the step 1) to finish construction of the node model;

and step 3: building a simulation network scene, placing the node model obtained in the step 2) into the network scene, and setting corresponding parameter attributes according to different research purposes to complete the building of the simulation network scene;

and 4, step 4: and displaying a simulation result of the statistical variable.

Further, the state machine includes an initialization Init, a float state FLT, a self-loop state SFR, a seek state SEK, a request reply state SRP, a join state JON, a monitor state MON, a token hold state HVT, an idle state IDL, a relay state RLY, and a request state SLT.

Further, the state transition mechanism of the star topology further comprises a plurality of tokens, and the tokens comprise an invitation token SLS, a setting token SET, a relay token REL, an acknowledgement token ACK and a transmission right token RTT.

Further, the functional descriptions of all the state machines and the message distribution are respectively: initialization: starting and executing software, and mainly initializing statistical variables;

a floating state: the node starts a timer to wait for networking;

the self-loop state: starting a timer by a node to wait for the establishment of a short-wave token ring network taking the node as a main node;

seeking a state: sending an SLS token to invite other nodes to join the network;

request reply state: waiting for the timer to overtime and sending an SET token;

adding state: preparing to join a network and waiting for receiving an RTT token;

and (3) monitoring the state: waiting for receiving confirmation data to ensure that the network is normal;

token holding state: the node can normally transmit application data in the current state;

an idle state: the normal state after the node receives the confirmation data;

a relay state: forwarding the token or application data;

requesting the state: preparing to expand the number of network members, and sending an SLS token to invite other nodes to join the network;

and (3) message distribution: and controlling the state transition of the node according to different message events.

Further, the functional descriptions of all the tokens are respectively as follows:

an invitation token: inviting other nodes to join the network;

setting a token: updating the transmission sequence table to reply the invitation node to join the network;

a relay token: informing the nodes to serve as relay nodes to forward data;

a confirmation token: telling the sender that the data has been correctly received;

the transmission right token: the node owning the token has the right to send application data.

Further, in step 1), the working mechanism that the state transition between all the state machines is realized by the message distribution according to the event judgment is as follows: under a normal networking scene, when a simulation network is started, firstly, the state of the Dispatch is transferred from an Init state to the Dispatch state, the Dispatch state judges to enter an FLT state through a received event, at the moment, a node SETs a timer in the FLT state, triggers a timer timeout event, transfers to the Dispatch state, judges to enter an SFR state, waits for the timer to be timed out again, informs the Dispatch state to be transferred to an SEK state, waits for the timer to be timed out in the SEK state, sends an SLS token to invite other nodes to perform networking with the self, then waits for receiving an SET token, if the SET token data is received, informs the Dispatch to enter an HVT state, updates a transmission sequence table in the HVT state, informs an application data MAC layer interface module to transmit data, when the transmission time expires or the data transmission is finished, informs the Dispatch to be transferred to an MON state, monitors whether a subsequent node has a transmission right in the state, when receiving the ACK token or the application data content, notifying the Dispatch to transfer to an IDL state, and waiting for the next time of receiving the RTT token and transferring to an HVT state to have the right of sending the application data again;

the node for receiving SLS token informs Dispatch to transfer to SRP state, waits for the timer in the state to overtime and send SET token, then informs Dispatch to transfer to JON state, after receiving RTT token in JON state, informs Dispatch to transfer to HVT state, at this moment, the node has right to send application data, after sending data in specified time, informs Dispatch to transfer to MON state, and when receiving ACK token or application data, informs Dispatch to transfer to IDL state.

When the node meets the set invitation interval times in the HVT state, notifying the Dispatch to transfer to the SLT state, sending an SLS token to invite a new node to join the current network, and transferring to the HVT state after waiting for the timeout of the timer to finish application data transmission;

meanwhile, if the situation that the relay is needed exists in the network, at this time, the node notifies a certain node of the relay node of the transmission through the REL token, the node notifies the Dispatch to transfer to the RLY state after receiving the REL token, the relay function is realized in the RLY state, and after the data forwarding is completed, the Dispatch is notified to transfer to the IDL state after receiving the ACK token or the application data.

Further, the node model of the short-wave token ring network includes:

the application data generation module is responsible for generating application data packets and can control the number of the generated data packets in unit time by changing packet time attributes;

the application data processing module is used for processing the received data packet and counting related parameters including data volume and transmission time;

the application data MAC layer interface module stores application data waiting for transmission, and takes out the application data from the queue when the MAC layer data processing module waits for notification of data transmission;

the MAC layer data processing module is used for realizing a short-wave token ring protocol flow;

the short wave antenna emission module is responsible for sending data and can set relevant characteristics including a communication range and transmission time delay;

and the short wave antenna receiving module receives data in a communication range, and can conveniently set relevant characteristics including a receiving range and an error rate through pipeline parameter configuration.

Further, the simulation network scenario set up in step 3) includes a normal networking scenario and a fault scenario, and the fault scenario includes a fault scenario in which a node is hidden and a fault scenario in which a token is lost.

Further, the fault scene of the hidden node is realized by using pipeline stage configuration specific parameters of the short wave antenna transmitting module and the short wave antenna receiving module.

Further, a message event mechanism is used for controlling the timer to time out and receiving data to realize a fault scene of the lost token: and inserting the timer timeout and the received data into the simulation event list in an event mode, and regarding the received token as a lost token when the token is not received in one state.

Compared with the prior art, the short-wave token ring network equivalent simulation method based on the OPNET has the beneficial effects that:

1) in order to realize a short-wave token ring network working mechanism, an equivalent construction method based on an OPNET software process model, a node model and a network model is provided, and the models are relatively independent and can directly provide a basic module for a subsequent complex network environment;

2) equivalently constructing a fault scene based on the OPNET software short-wave token ring network in order to realize the survivability of the short-wave token ring network foundation;

3) in order to realize the performance parameter analysis of the short-wave token ring network, the chart display of relevant statistics is realized by simply configuring parameters;

4) through the process model equivalent construction of the MAC layer data processing module, the original chaotic state transition diagram is equivalently constructed into a star topology structure diagram, the process of the operation mechanism of the short-wave token ring network is greatly simplified, the complexity is reduced, the modeling process is simplified, and the operation mechanism of the short-wave token ring network can be intuitively and easily known by researchers.

[ description of the drawings ]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the three-layer model according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a node model according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a state transition diagram of an equivalent process model of a MAC layer data processing module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a state transition diagram of a short wave token ring protocol in the prior art;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a hidden node failure scenario in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a flow of loss token scenario timer control in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a node model for constructing a short-wave token ring network according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a diagram showing simulation results of transmission right token transmission times in the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a simulation result display of simulation network throughput in an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 10 is a diagram showing a simulation result of node-to-node delay in the embodiment of the present invention.

[ detailed description ] embodiments

The first embodiment is as follows:

the OPNET-based short-wave token ring network equivalent simulation method provided by the embodiment realizes the operation process of the short-wave token ring network, can dynamically demonstrate the transmission of token data and user data, and provides self-recovery modes under several fault scenes, so that researchers can intuitively and deeply know the working mechanism of the short-wave token ring network. As shown in fig. 1, the simulation system mainly includes a process model, a node model, and a network model, and the network model is simple, and only the network node needs to be dragged into the environment topology, and relevant attributes are changed by researchers.

The embodiment is an OPNET-based short-wave token ring network equivalent simulation method, which comprises the following steps:

step 1: and constructing a process model of the MAC layer data processing module. According to the state transition diagram implementation shown in fig. 3, all state transitions are realized by intermediate distribution state judgment, and compared with the original short-wave token ring network state transition diagram shown in fig. 4, the construction difficulty is greatly simplified.

Constructing a process model of an MAC layer data processing module, specifically comprising defining a state machine, a token and functions thereof; wherein the state machine comprises an initialization (Init), a float state (FLT), a self-loop State (SFR), a seek State (SEK), a request reply State (SRP), a join state (JON), a monitor state (MON), a token hold state (HVT), an idle state (IDL), a relay state (RLY), a request State (SLT); the tokens comprise an invitation token (SLS), a setting token (SET), a relay token (REL), an acknowledgement token (ACK) and a transmission right token (RTT); all state machines are arranged around message Dispatch (Dispatch), and state transition between all state machines is realized by message Dispatch (Dispatch) judgment.

In the process model of the MAC layer data processing module, the description of the state machine is shown in table 1, and the description of the token function is shown in table 2.

TABLE 1 Process model State Table

Table 2 process model token type table

Token name	Meaning of Chinese	Description of the invention
			SLS	Invitation token	Inviting other nodes to join a network
SET	Setting token	Updating transmission sequence list to reply inviting node to join network
			REL	Relay token	Informing nodes to forward data as relay nodes
ACK	Confirmation token	Telling the sender that the data has been correctly received
			RTT	Transmission right token	The node having the token has the right to send application data

All state transitions are realized by message dispatching (Dispatch) judgment, and the working mechanism is as follows: under a normal networking scene, when a simulation network is started, firstly, the state is transferred from an Init state to a Dispatch state, the Dispatch state judges to enter an FLT state through a received event, at the moment, a node SETs a timer in the FLT state, triggers a timer timeout event, and transfers to the Dispatch state, the Dispatch state judges to enter an SFR state, waits for the timer to be timed out again, informs the Dispatch state to be transferred to an SEK state, waits for the timer to be timed out in the SEK state, sends an SLS token to invite other nodes to perform networking with the self, then waits for receiving an SET token, if the SET token data is received, informs the Dispatch to enter an HVT state, the HVT state updates a transmission sequence table and informs an application data MAC layer interface module to transmit the data, when the transmission time expires or the data transmission is completed, informs the Dispatch to be transferred to an MON state, and monitors whether a subsequent node has the transmission right or not in the state, when receiving the ACK token or the application data content, the Dispatch is notified to transition to the IDL state, and waits for the next RTT token received to transition to the HVT state to have the right to send application data again.

The node for receiving SLS token transfers the notice Dispatch to SRP state, waits for the timer overtime in the state to send SET token, then notifies Dispatch to JON state, after receiving RTT token in JON state, notifies Dispatch to HVT state, at this moment, the node has the right to send application data, after sending data in the prescribed time, notifies Dispatch to MON state, receives ACK token or application data to transfer Dispatch to IDL state.

When the node meets the set invitation interval times in the HVT state, the Dispatch is notified to be transferred to the SLT state, an SLS token is sent to invite a new node to join the current network, and the node is transferred to the HVT state after waiting for the timeout of the timer to complete the application data transmission.

Meanwhile, a situation that a relay is needed may exist in the network, at this time, a node notifies a certain node of the relay node of the transmission through the REL token, the node notifies the Dispatch to transfer to the RLY state after receiving the REL token, the relay function is realized in the RLY state, and after the forwarding of data is completed, the Dispatch transfers to the IDL state after receiving the ACK token or the application data.

Step 2: and constructing a node model of the short-wave token ring network. According to the node model composition shown in fig. 2, the application layer equivalence is realized by using a generation packet model and a sink receiving processing model carried by software, the physical layer equivalence is realized by configuring pipeline stage parameters by a wireless transmitter and a wireless receiver, an application data MAC layer interface uses a queue process model, and finally the process model of the MAC layer data processing module in the step 1) is placed to complete the construction of the node model.

When the short-wave token ring network is constructed, a mobile node can be directly placed on a network layer, a node model of the mobile node is changed into a node model of a short-wave token ring protocol in the step 1), the construction of a network environment can be completed through simple attribute configuration, performance indexes such as throughput, delay and the like can be selected in the network layer or the node attribute, then OPNET software is used for operating the network scene, a simulation result can be visualized, and each token or data packet transmission is displayed in an animation mode. Fig. 3 simplifies the transition process and facilitates control of state transitions over state transitions in the native protocol (fig. 4).

The token ring node model of the OPNET software is divided into four layers of architectures including an application layer, a TCP/IP layer, an MAC layer and a physical layer, and each layer of architecture is provided with dozens of corresponding modules. In the node model of the short wave token ring network, a TCP/IP layer and other layer redundancy modules are deleted, and the simplified node model is only provided with six modules, namely an application data generation module, an application data processing module, an application data MAC layer interface module, an MAC layer data processing module, a short wave antenna transmitting module and a short wave antenna receiving module. As shown in fig. 2, the application data generating module and the application data processing module are located in the application layer, the application data MAC layer interface module and the MAC layer data processing module are located in the MAC layer, and the short-wave antenna transmitting module and the short-wave antenna receiving module are located in the physical layer.

The application data generation module is mainly responsible for generating application data packets and can change the packet time attribute to control the number of the data packets generated in unit time;

the application data processing module is used for processing the received data packet and counting relevant parameters such as data volume, transmission time and the like;

the MAC layer data processing module is used for specifically realizing a short-wave token ring protocol flow and is the core function of the whole simulation network;

the short wave antenna emission module is responsible for sending data and can set the characteristics of communication range, transmission delay and the like;

the short wave antenna receiving module has a function of receiving data in a communication range, and can conveniently set characteristics such as a receiving range and an error rate through pipeline parameter configuration.

The application data generation module can directly use a simple packet generation process model carried by OPNET software, and realizes the generation of application data by changing the interval time parameter generated by a data packet; the application data processing module can directly use a sink module of OPNET software to process the received data packet and count time delay and throughput performance indexes; the short wave antenna transmission and the short wave antenna receiving can use a wireless transmitter and a wireless receiver module, and the characteristics of communication range, transmission delay and the like are realized through parameter configuration at a pipeline stage; the application data MAC layer interface can use a queue module of OPNET software to store application data and perform data interaction with an MAC layer data processing module; and finally, the process model of the MAC layer data processing module constructed in the step 1) is put into the short-wave token ring network node model. The overall effect of the node model of the short-wave token ring network is shown in fig. 7, the source module is an application data generation module, the sink module is an application data processing module, the APPtoMAC _ interface module is an application data MAC layer interface, the token _ MAC module is MAC layer data processing, and the send and recv are respectively a short-wave antenna transmitting module and a short-wave antenna receiving module.

And 3, step 3: establishing a simulation network scene: and 3) placing the node model obtained in the step 2) into a network scene, and setting different parameter attributes according to different research purposes to complete the construction of the simulation network scene. The settable parameter attributes specifically include the number of nodes, a communication range, a node motion trajectory, a packet generation interval time, a packet loss rate, and the like.

According to the setting of different parameter attributes, the set simulation network scene comprises a normal networking scene and a fault scene, wherein the fault scene comprises a fault scene of a hidden node and a fault scene of a lost token.

Under the normal networking scene, the operating mechanism of the short-wave token ring network is divided into an active ring building process and a passive ring entering process, wherein the active ring building process comprises the following steps: assuming that the node A actively establishes a ring, the node A starts a waiting timer to expire, sends an SLS token to invite the node to join the ring network established by the node A, if other nodes reply the SET token, the node A SETs the node A as a subsequent node, simultaneously sends user data, waits for the data to be sent out and then transmits an RTT token to the subsequent node, and at the moment, the node A finishes the process of actively establishing the ring; a passive looping process: assuming that the node B is passively looped, the node B receives SLS tokens sent by other nodes, waits for the expiration of the timer, replies to the node sending the SLS token by sending the SET token and is about to join the ring network, sends user data after receiving the RTT token, waits for the completion of data sending, then transmits the RTT token to a subsequent node, and at the moment, the node B completes the passive looping process.

For a fault scenario of a hidden node, pipeline stage configuration specific parameters of a short wave antenna transmitting module (i.e. transmitter) and a short wave antenna receiving module (i.e. receiver) can be used for implementation. Hidden node failure scenario as shown in fig. 5, when the a node and the C node send data to the B node at the same time, the a node and the C node do not know the existence of each other, and thus data collision occurs. Firstly, three nodes are placed according to fig. 5, the receiving group parameters in the receiver pipeline stage of B are set to have source addresses of a and C node addresses, the receiving group parameters in the receiver pipeline stage of a are set to have source addresses of B node addresses, the receiving group parameters in the receiver pipeline stage of C are set to have source addresses of B node addresses, and the number of RTT tokens and REL tokens is recorded in the short wave antenna receiving module. After the simulation is started, the A and the B successfully network, then the C is invited to join the network, as the C and the A can not directly communicate, the C sends an REL token to the B, the B is set as a relay node and is forwarded to the A node through the B, the networking mode of three ABC nodes is completed, only one node transmits application data in the same time, the data collision problem is avoided, the counting result can find that the RTT token is 2 times of the REL token by comparing the number of the REL token and the RTT token, the process of token transmission can be observed in real time through animation simulation, and researchers can analyze the network operation mechanism conveniently.

For a failure scenario of a lost token, in principle, a timer is set in each state, and the state is switched according to the timeout of the timer. In the process model of the short-wave token ring network, a message event mechanism can be used for controlling the timeout of the timer and the data reception, and the timeout of the timer and the data reception are only required to be inserted into the simulation event list in an event mode. As shown in fig. 6, when a token is not received in a certain state and is considered as a lost token, an event is added at a certain time point, and after all current events are completed, the most advanced event is executed, so that the function of timer timeout is realized, and the node completes state transition according to the event type and the content identifier, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the simulation network.

And 4, step 4: and displaying a simulation result of the statistical variable. The performance index to be researched is promoted in the node model, the general performance indexes such as throughput, time delay and the like are selected in the simulation debugger, the promoted self-defined performance index is selected, the chart result of the relevant performance index is obtained after the simulation is finished, as shown in fig. 8, fig. 9 and fig. 10, and the transmission condition of the data packet can be dynamically analyzed through selecting and displaying the animation in the simulation period.

In order to simplify the simulation of the short-wave token ring network, the embodiment provides an OPNET-based equivalent simulation method of the short-wave token ring network, and avoids the complicated modeling process related to building the short-wave token ring network. The method can build the short-wave token ring network in the OPNET software, and provides a convenient and intuitive mode for understanding the working mechanism of the short-wave token ring network. The method specifically comprises the following steps:

1) the short-wave token ring network is equivalently constructed on the basis of a three-layer model of OPNET;

the simulation of the short-wave token ring network is built in an OPNET software environment, a three-layer model of software is mainly used for equivalent construction, and a basic module of the network environment is realized.

2) Simplifying construction and effect display of a fault scene of the short-wave token ring network;

in the OPNET software, a lost token fault scene is constructed by using an equivalent timer effect of a message event, a hidden node fault scene is constructed by using a receiving group parameter setting equivalent communication range in a pipeline stage, and a specific animation effect can be observed in a network layer.

3) And analyzing graphs of performance parameters such as network delay, throughput and the like of the short-wave token ring.

After the network scene is built, the preset statistical variables are promoted to the node layer attributes according to different scenes, researchers can simply configure the attributes to obtain performance parameters to be researched, and follow-up analysis can be facilitated through a chart output mode.

The short-wave token ring network equivalent simulation method based on the OPNET has the advantages that:

4) through the process model equivalent construction of the MAC layer data processing module, the original chaotic state transition diagram is equivalently constructed into a star topology structure diagram, the process of the operation mechanism of the short-wave token ring network is greatly simplified, the complexity is reduced, and the operation mechanism of the short-wave token ring network can be intuitively and easily known by researchers.

What has been described above are merely some embodiments of the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept thereof, and these changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims

1. An OPNET-based short-wave token ring network equivalent simulation method is characterized by comprising the following steps: which comprises the following steps:

step 2: constructing a node model of a short-wave token ring network, realizing application layer equivalence by using a generation packet model and a sink receiving processing model carried by OPNET software, realizing physical layer equivalence by configuring pipeline stage parameters by using a wireless transmitter and a wireless receiver, using a queue process model by using an application data MAC layer interface, and finally placing the process model of the MAC layer data processing module in the step 1) to finish construction of the node model;

and 4, step 4: and displaying the simulation result of the statistical variable.

2. The OPNET-based short-wave token ring network equivalent simulation method of claim 1, characterized in that: the state machines include an initialization Init, a float state FLT, a loop state SFR, a seek state SEK, a request reply state SRP, a join state JON, a monitor state MON, a token hold state HVT, an idle state IDL, a relay state RLY, and a request state SLT.

3. The OPNET-based short-wave token ring network equivalent simulation method of claim 2, characterized in that: the state transition mechanism of the star topology structure further comprises a plurality of tokens, wherein the tokens comprise an invitation token SLS, a setting token SET, a relay token REL, an acknowledgement token ACK and a transmission right token RTT.

4. The OPNET-based short-wave token ring network equivalent simulation method of claim 2, characterized in that: the function descriptions of all the state machines and the message distribution are respectively as follows:

initialization: starting and executing software, and mainly initializing statistical variables;

a floating state: the node starts a timer to wait for networking;

an idle state: the normal state after the node receives the confirmation data;

a relay state: forwarding the token or application data;

requesting a state: preparing to expand the number of network members, and sending an SLS token to invite other nodes to join the network;

5. The OPNET-based short-wave token ring network equivalent simulation method of claim 3, characterized in that: the functional descriptions of all the tokens are respectively as follows:

an invitation token: inviting other nodes to join the network;

a relay token: informing the nodes to serve as relay nodes to forward data;

6. The OPNET-based short-wave token ring network equivalent simulation method of claim 3, characterized in that: in step 1), the working mechanism that the state transition between all the state machines is realized by the message distribution according to the event judgment is as follows: under a normal networking scene, when a simulation network is started, firstly, the state of the Dispatch is transferred from an Init state to the Dispatch state, the Dispatch state judges to enter an FLT state through a received event, at the moment, a node SETs a timer in the FLT state, triggers a timer timeout event, transfers to the Dispatch state, judges to enter an SFR state, waits for the timer to be timed out again, informs the Dispatch state to be transferred to an SEK state, waits for the timer to be timed out in the SEK state, sends an SLS token to invite other nodes to perform networking with the self, then waits for receiving an SET token, if the SET token data is received, informs the Dispatch to enter an HVT state, updates a transmission sequence table in the HVT state, informs an application data MAC layer interface module to transmit data, when the transmission time expires or the data transmission is finished, informs the Dispatch to be transferred to an MON state, monitors whether a subsequent node has a transmission right in the state, when receiving the ACK token or the application data content, notifying the Dispatch to transfer to an IDL state, and waiting for the next time of receiving the RTT token and transferring to an HVT state to have the right of sending the application data again;

7. The OPNET-based short-wave token ring network equivalent simulation method of claim 1, characterized in that: the node model of the short-wave token ring network comprises:

the application data generation module is responsible for generating application data packets and can control the number of the generated data packets in unit time by changing the packet time attribute;

8. The OPNET-based short-wave token ring network equivalent simulation method of claim 1, characterized in that: the simulation network scenario set up in the step 3) comprises a normal networking scenario and a fault scenario, wherein the fault scenario comprises a fault scenario of a hidden node and a fault scenario of a lost token.

9. The OPNET-based short-wave token ring network equivalent simulation method of claim 8, wherein: and configuring specific parameters by using pipeline stage of the short wave antenna transmitting module and the short wave antenna receiving module to realize the fault scene of the hidden node.

10. The OPNET-based short-wave token ring network equivalent simulation method of claim 8, wherein: and utilizing a message event mechanism to control the timer to time out and receive data to realize the fault scene of the lost token: and inserting the timer timeout and the received data into the simulation event list in an event mode, and regarding the received token as a lost token when the token is not received in one state.