CN114677424A - Point cloud data processing method for unattended screw ship unloader - Google Patents

Point cloud data processing method for unattended screw ship unloader Download PDF

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CN114677424A
CN114677424A CN202210580690.7A CN202210580690A CN114677424A CN 114677424 A CN114677424 A CN 114677424A CN 202210580690 A CN202210580690 A CN 202210580690A CN 114677424 A CN114677424 A CN 114677424A
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ship
coordinate system
point cloud
point
vertical arm
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CN114677424B (en
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殷卓华
曾凯
胡光跃
马文潇
安洪松
单勇锋
周莹
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Zhejiang Tianxin Intelligence Research Institute Co ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06TIMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T7/00Image analysis
    • G06T7/50Depth or shape recovery
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65GTRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G67/00Loading or unloading vehicles
    • B65G67/60Loading or unloading ships
    • B65G67/606Loading or unloading ships using devices specially adapted for bulk material
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06TIMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T17/00Three dimensional [3D] modelling, e.g. data description of 3D objects
    • G06T17/20Finite element generation, e.g. wire-frame surface description, tesselation
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06TIMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T3/00Geometric image transformations in the plane of the image
    • G06T3/40Scaling of whole images or parts thereof, e.g. expanding or contracting
    • G06T3/4007Scaling of whole images or parts thereof, e.g. expanding or contracting based on interpolation, e.g. bilinear interpolation
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65GTRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G2201/00Indexing codes relating to handling devices, e.g. conveyors, characterised by the type of product or load being conveyed or handled
    • B65G2201/04Bulk
    • B65G2201/045Sand, soil and mineral ore
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06TIMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T2200/00Indexing scheme for image data processing or generation, in general
    • G06T2200/08Indexing scheme for image data processing or generation, in general involving all processing steps from image acquisition to 3D model generation
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06TIMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T2207/00Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
    • G06T2207/10Image acquisition modality
    • G06T2207/10028Range image; Depth image; 3D point clouds
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P90/00Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
    • Y02P90/30Computing systems specially adapted for manufacturing

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Vision & Pattern Recognition (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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  • Ship Loading And Unloading (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a point cloud data processing method for an unattended screw ship unloader, which solves the problems of data processing and the like and comprises the following steps: s1: determining a reference coordinate system of a wharf, selecting a ship mark point on a ship, and selecting a vertical arm mark point on a ship unloader; s2: measuring the positions of a ship mark point and a vertical arm mark point in real time through a positioning instrument; s3: the scanner collects a two-dimensional polar coordinate system of the ship and fuses with a reference coordinate system to form three-dimensional point cloud; s4: taking the ship mark points and the vertical arm mark points as grid reference points, and carrying out gridding processing on the reference coordinate system; s5: calculating the deviation value of the grid reference point relative to the standard coordinate system subjected to gridding processing in real time; s6: and importing the deviation value of each grid reference point into the three-dimensional point cloud, and performing linear interpolation to complete compensation. The invention has the advantages of good data processing effect and the like.

Description

Point cloud data processing method for unattended screw ship unloader
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ship unloaders, and particularly relates to a point cloud data processing method for an unattended screw ship unloader.
Background
In port industry, a conveying system has the characteristics of multiple types, large particle size deviation, large water content deviation, large conveying capacity and the like, so that the adaptability of a transfer system is high, the maintenance is simple and convenient, and the design of the transfer system is very challenging. However, although the traditional transfer system has the advantages of convenient design and installation, simple operation and the like, the material flow cannot be well controlled, the problems of material blockage, abrasion, material scattering, dust raising and the like easily occur, and in order to solve the problem of dust raising, the screw ship unloader is widely applied to closed unloading. It is a high-efficiency continuous bulk cargo ship unloader. The ship unloading machine mainly works on a horizontal screw conveyor without a flexible traction member, a vertical screw conveyor and a special material taking device. However, in the actual operation process, the unloading state needs to be observed manually, so that the unloading efficiency is low. In addition, when automatic discharging is adopted, the conventional laser scanning mode has poor processing effect on the state data of ships and internal materials.
In order to solve the defects of the prior art, people have long searched for and put forward various solutions. For example, chinese patent literature discloses an automated material taking method [201910387658.5] for an unmanned bucket-chain type continuous ship unloader, which includes the steps of: acquiring point cloud coordinate data of the surface of the material pile; and acquiring real-time hatch boundary position data. Forming a stock pile point cloud coordinate model; layering a material pile point cloud coordinate model to obtain a plane material taking area; comparing the regional characteristics of the standard stockpile to determine the material taking process action and executing the automatic material taking task in the region; after the material taking task in the area is completed, the completion state is fed back and the next material taking operation area is applied to the scanning system; and the scanning system sends the next material taking operation area to the continuous ship unloader control system.
The scheme solves the problem of low discharging efficiency to a certain extent, but the scheme still has a plurality of defects, such as poor data processing effect and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provides a point cloud data processing method of an unattended screw ship unloader, which is reasonable in design and good in data processing effect.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a point cloud data processing method for an unattended screw ship unloader comprises the following steps:
s1: determining a reference coordinate system of a wharf, selecting a ship mark point on a ship, and selecting a vertical arm mark point on a ship unloader;
s2: measuring the positions of a ship mark point and a vertical arm mark point in real time through a positioning instrument;
s3: a scanner collects a two-dimensional polar coordinate system of a ship and is fused with a reference coordinate system to form three-dimensional point cloud;
s4: taking the ship mark points and the vertical arm mark points as grid reference points, and carrying out gridding processing on the reference coordinate system;
s5: calculating the deviation value of the grid reference point relative to the standard coordinate system subjected to gridding processing in real time;
s6: and importing the deviation value of each grid reference point into the three-dimensional point cloud, and performing linear interpolation to complete compensation. The method comprises the steps of measuring mark points of a ship and mark points of a vertical arm in real time, decoupling vibration of a ship sinking and floating transverse roller and the vertical arm on the sea, further decoupling three-dimensional point cloud data acquired by a scanner through gridding treatment, correcting and compensating the three-dimensional point cloud, and accordingly improving the point cloud data processing effect.
In the above point cloud data processing method for the unattended screw ship unloader, the step S1 includes the following steps:
s11: selecting base points on the wharf and the ship unloader base respectively, and establishing a reference coordinate system by taking the base points on the wharf as an original point and matching with a vertical instrument;
s12: the method comprises the following steps that a plurality of longitudinal marking points are longitudinally arranged on a ship, a plurality of transverse marking points are transversely arranged on the ship, and a plurality of vertical marking points are vertically arranged on the ship;
s13: the vertical arm of the ship unloader is provided with a plurality of vertical arm mark points along the vertical direction. After the reference coordinate system is selected, the ship and the vertical arm are subjected to multi-point marking, and data acquisition errors are reduced.
In the above point cloud data processing method for the unattended screw ship unloader, the step S2 includes the following steps:
s21: comparing the ship mark point with a reference coordinate system through a positioning instrument, and measuring the X, Y, Z coordinates of the ship, the roll angle, the pitch angle and the course angle in real time;
s22: the vertical arm mark point is compared with a reference coordinate system through the positioning instrument, and the change of the coordinates of the vertical arm X, Y, Z, the roll angle, the pitch angle and the course angle is measured in real time. And the motion state of the mark point is monitored in real time, and the distortion of the laser radar under longitudinal and transverse displacement is solved.
In the above point cloud data processing method for the unattended screw ship unloader, the step S3 includes the following steps:
s31: the scanner is arranged on a vertical arm and a wharf of the ship, and the ship unloader adjusts the position of the vertical arm of the ship and scans the ship from multiple directions;
s32: collecting multi-azimuth point cloud data, deleting redundant data and filtering isolated points;
s33: a ship digital-analog database is called and is fitted with the point cloud;
s34: and integrating the fitted data to a reference coordinate system to generate a three-dimensional point cloud. The ship is scanned in multiple directions, and the prestored ship data are matched, so that the point cloud is quickly fitted, and the quality of the three-dimensional point cloud is improved.
In the above point cloud data processing method for the unattended screw ship unloader, in step S31, a part of the scanner is installed on the unmanned aerial vehicle to scan dead corners of the ship. And selecting a proper scanning mode according to actual needs.
In the above point cloud data processing method for the unattended screw ship unloader, in step S32, after the point cloud data is collected, the internal empty points are compensated by linear interpolation and filtered. And the point cloud data is preprocessed after being acquired, so that the data processing quality is ensured.
In the above point cloud data processing method for the unattended screw ship unloader, the step S4 includes the following steps:
s41: a reference coordinate system divides a coordinate grid on a horizontal plane, and projection points are arranged on the coordinate grid by ship mark points and vertical arm mark points;
s42: selecting a grid where each projection point is located, taking a grid endpoint closest to the origin of the reference coordinate system as the origin, and establishing a correction coordinate system;
s43: and recording the coordinate positions of each ship mark point and each vertical arm mark point relative to the correction coordinate system. And decoupling the position change of the ship mark point and the vertical arm mark point by establishing a correction coordinate system.
In the above point cloud data processing method for the unattended screw ship unloader, the step S5 includes the following steps:
s51: monitoring the change amplitude of the ship mark point and the vertical arm mark point in a unit time relative to the correction coordinate system;
s52: and leading the change amplitudes of the ship mark points and the vertical arm mark points into the three-dimensional point cloud. And (4) performing secondary correction on the three-dimensional point cloud to effectively feed back the state of the ship.
In the above point cloud data processing method for the unattended screw ship unloader, the scanner adopts any one or more of laser scanning modeling, depth camera modeling, photography modeling and light field modeling. And selecting a proper scanning mode according to the requirement, and carrying out adaptive treatment on different ships.
In the point cloud data processing method for the unattended screw ship unloader, the reference coordinate system adopts the Beidou positioning system to determine the positions of the ship and the vertical arm. The reference coordinate system is accurately positioned by the Beidou positioning system, and external networking is facilitated.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: the three-dimensional point cloud is decoupled by a gridded reference coordinate system, so that a better data processing effect is achieved; the azimuth changes of the ship and the vertical arm are measured in real time, so that interference collision of the ship is avoided; and filtering the point cloud data to improve subsequent processing efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of establishing a mark point according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of establishing a three-dimensional point cloud according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic flow chart of the gridding process according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, a point cloud data processing method for an unmanned screw ship unloader includes the following steps:
s1: determining a reference coordinate system of a wharf, selecting a ship mark point on a ship, and selecting a vertical arm mark point on a ship unloader;
s2: measuring the positions of a ship mark point and a vertical arm mark point in real time through a positioning instrument;
s3: the scanner collects a two-dimensional polar coordinate system of the ship and fuses with a reference coordinate system to form three-dimensional point cloud;
s4: taking the ship mark points and the vertical arm mark points as grid reference points, and carrying out gridding processing on the reference coordinate system;
s5: calculating the deviation value of the grid reference point relative to the standard coordinate system subjected to gridding processing in real time;
s6: and importing the deviation value of each grid reference point into the three-dimensional point cloud, and performing linear interpolation to complete compensation. After a reference coordinate system is determined, the position and the posture of a ship mark point and a vertical arm mark point are monitored in real time by a positioning instrument, a scanner scans a ship and generates three-dimensional point cloud, the reference coordinate system is subjected to gridding treatment and secondary positioning is carried out on the ship mark point and the vertical arm mark point, and the three-dimensional point cloud is subjected to correction compensation after decoupling treatment of each mark point.
Specifically, step S1 includes the steps of:
s11: selecting base points on the wharf and the ship unloader base respectively, and establishing a reference coordinate system by taking the base points on the wharf as an original point and matching with a vertical instrument;
s12: the method comprises the following steps that a plurality of longitudinal marking points are longitudinally arranged on a ship, a plurality of transverse marking points are transversely arranged on the ship, and a plurality of vertical marking points are vertically arranged on the ship;
s13: the vertical arm of the ship unloader is provided with a plurality of vertical arm mark points along the vertical direction. The ship mark points are symmetrically distributed on the ship and provided with corresponding signal transmitting ends for the position locator to determine the position, and the wharf and the ship unloader base are relatively static to ensure that a reference coordinate system is fixed.
Further, step S2 includes the steps of:
s21: comparing the ship mark point with a reference coordinate system through a positioning instrument, and measuring the X, Y, Z coordinates of the ship, the roll angle, the pitch angle and the course angle in real time;
s22: the vertical arm mark point is compared with a reference coordinate system through the positioning instrument, and the change of the coordinates of the vertical arm X, Y, Z, the roll angle, the pitch angle and the course angle is measured in real time. The position of each mark point is monitored by the positioning instrument, wherein a reference coordinate system is an X axis by selecting the track position of the ship unloader cart, the sea side and the land side are Y axes, and the vertical direction of the wharf is a Z axis.
Further, step S3 includes the following steps:
s31: the scanner is arranged on a vertical arm and a wharf of the ship, and the ship unloader adjusts the position of the vertical arm of the ship and scans the ship from multiple directions;
s32: collecting multi-azimuth point cloud data, deleting redundant data and filtering isolated points;
s33: a ship digital-analog database is called and is fitted with the point cloud;
s34: and integrating the fitted data to a reference coordinate system to generate a three-dimensional point cloud.
Further, in step S31, a part of the scanner is installed on the drone to scan dead corners of the ship.
In addition, in step S32, after the point cloud data is collected, the internal empty points are compensated by linear interpolation and filtered. And compensating the point cloud by the linear interpolation, and completing point cloud data.
Meanwhile, step S4 includes the steps of:
s41: a reference coordinate system divides a coordinate grid on a horizontal plane, and projection points are arranged on the coordinate grid by ship mark points and vertical arm mark points;
s42: selecting a grid where each projection point is located, taking a grid endpoint closest to the origin of the reference coordinate system as the origin, and establishing a correction coordinate system;
s43: and recording the coordinate positions of each ship mark point and each vertical arm mark point relative to the correction coordinate system. Each mark point is relatively independently operated and coupled with surrounding point clouds, so that the correction rate of partial point clouds is improved.
As can be seen, step S5 includes the steps of:
s51: monitoring the change amplitude of the ship mark point and the vertical arm mark point in a unit time relative to the correction coordinate system;
s52: and leading the change amplitudes of the ship mark points and the vertical arm mark points into the three-dimensional point cloud. And after the change amplitude of the mark points is led into the three-dimensional point cloud, the motion interval of each point is led out, and the ship is avoided in the descending process of the vertical arm.
It will be apparent that the scanner employs any one or more of a combination of laser scanning modeling, depth camera modeling, photography modeling and light field modeling. The scanner selects laser scanning, adjusts the direction along with the movement of the vertical arm and the ship unloader, and collects ship point cloud data from multiple angles.
Preferably, the reference coordinate system adopts a Beidou positioning system to determine the positions of the ship and the vertical arm. The Beidou positioning system is matched with a Beidou position and pose positioning instrument to collect longitude, latitude, elevation and course angle of the antenna, collect roll angle and pitch angle of the mounting position of the mark point, calculate the coordinate of a reference coordinate system of the position of the antenna and simultaneously calculate the wharf coordinate system coordinate of each point of the rigid connecting part of the antenna.
In summary, the principle of the present embodiment is: and determining a reference coordinate system, acquiring the three-dimensional point cloud through a scanner, meshing the reference coordinate system, decoupling each mark and the surrounding point cloud, calculating the offset in real time, compensating and correcting the three-dimensional point cloud, and improving the point cloud data processing effect.
The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Various modifications or additions may be made to the described embodiments or alternatives may be employed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or ambit of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Although the terms ship unloader, ship, etc. are used more herein, the possibility of using other terms is not excluded. These terms are used merely to more conveniently describe and explain the nature of the present invention; they are to be construed as being without limitation to any additional limitations that may be imposed by the spirit of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A point cloud data processing method for an unattended screw ship unloader is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: determining a reference coordinate system of a wharf, selecting a ship mark point on a ship, and selecting a vertical arm mark point on a ship unloader;
s2: measuring the positions of a ship mark point and a vertical arm mark point in real time through a positioning instrument;
s3: the scanner collects a two-dimensional polar coordinate system of the ship and fuses with a reference coordinate system to form three-dimensional point cloud;
s4: taking the ship mark points and the vertical arm mark points as grid reference points, and carrying out gridding processing on the reference coordinate system;
s5: calculating the deviation value of the grid reference point relative to the standard coordinate system subjected to gridding processing in real time;
s6: and importing the deviation value of each grid reference point into the three-dimensional point cloud, and performing linear interpolation to complete compensation.
2. The point cloud data processing method for the unmanned screw ship unloader as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step S1 comprises the steps of:
s11: selecting base points on the wharf and the ship unloader base respectively, and establishing a reference coordinate system by taking the base points on the wharf as an original point and matching with a vertical instrument;
s12: the method comprises the following steps that a plurality of longitudinal marking points are longitudinally arranged on a ship, a plurality of transverse marking points are transversely arranged on the ship, and a plurality of vertical marking points are vertically arranged on the ship;
s13: the vertical arm of the ship unloader is provided with a plurality of vertical arm mark points along the vertical direction.
3. The point cloud data processing method for the unmanned screw ship unloader as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step S2 comprises the steps of:
s21: comparing the ship mark point with a reference coordinate system through a positioning instrument, and measuring the X, Y, Z coordinates of the ship, the roll angle, the pitch angle and the course angle in real time;
s22: the vertical arm mark point is compared with a reference coordinate system through the positioning instrument, and the change of the coordinates of the vertical arm X, Y, Z, the roll angle, the pitch angle and the course angle is measured in real time.
4. The point cloud data processing method for the unmanned screw ship unloader as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step S3 comprises the steps of:
s31: the scanner is arranged on a vertical arm and a wharf of the ship, and the ship unloader adjusts the position of the vertical arm of the ship and scans the ship from multiple directions;
s32: collecting multi-azimuth point cloud data, deleting redundant data and filtering isolated points;
s33: a ship digital-analog database is called and is fitted with the point cloud;
s34: and integrating the fitted data to a reference coordinate system to generate a three-dimensional point cloud.
5. The method as claimed in claim 4, wherein in step S31, part of the scanner is installed on the UAV to scan dead corners of the ship.
6. The method as claimed in claim 4, wherein in step S32, the point cloud data is collected and the internal empty points are compensated by linear interpolation and filtered.
7. The point cloud data processing method for the unmanned screw ship unloader as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step S4 comprises the steps of:
s41: a coordinate grid is divided on a horizontal plane by the reference coordinate system, and projection points are arranged on the coordinate grid by the ship mark points and the vertical arm mark points;
s42: selecting a grid where each projection point is located, taking a grid endpoint closest to the origin of the reference coordinate system as the origin, and establishing a correction coordinate system;
s43: and recording the coordinate positions of each ship mark point and each vertical arm mark point relative to the correction coordinate system.
8. The point cloud data processing method for the unmanned screw ship unloader of claim 7, wherein the step S5 comprises the steps of:
s51: monitoring the change amplitude of the ship mark point and the vertical arm mark point in a unit time relative to the correction coordinate system;
s52: and leading the change amplitudes of the ship mark points and the vertical arm mark points into the three-dimensional point cloud.
9. The method for processing point cloud data of the unmanned screw ship unloader as claimed in claim 1, wherein the scanner adopts any one or more combination of laser scanning modeling, depth camera modeling, photography modeling and light field modeling.
10. The point cloud data processing method of the unmanned screw ship unloader of claim 1, wherein the reference coordinate system adopts a Beidou positioning system to determine the pose of the ship and the vertical arm.
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