CN114675277A - Near-ground atmosphere refractive index profile monitoring method based on commercial microwave return link - Google Patents
Near-ground atmosphere refractive index profile monitoring method based on commercial microwave return link Download PDFInfo
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- CN114675277A CN114675277A CN202210305997.6A CN202210305997A CN114675277A CN 114675277 A CN114675277 A CN 114675277A CN 202210305997 A CN202210305997 A CN 202210305997A CN 114675277 A CN114675277 A CN 114675277A
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Abstract
The application discloses a near-ground atmosphere refractive index profile monitoring method based on a commercial microwave return link, which comprises the following steps: acquiring clear sky actual measurement attenuation of each return link based on the return links of commercial microwaves in a preset area; setting and initializing near-ground atmosphere refractive index profile characterization parameters; obtaining clear-sky theoretical attenuation of each link based on the characterization parameters and an electromagnetic propagation calculation model according to the antenna parameters of the commercial microwaves, and the spatial positions of a link receiving end and a transmitting end; calculating a clear sky attenuation target function according to the measured clear sky attenuation and the theoretical clear sky attenuation; and obtaining the near-ground atmosphere refractive index profile characterization parameters by using an optimization algorithm based on the clear sky attenuation objective function to obtain an optimal solution, and completing the near-ground atmosphere refractive index profile monitoring. The method and the device realize effective monitoring of the refractive index profile of the near-ground atmosphere within the region range, and have the advantages of low cost, high space-time resolution, wide coverage range and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of near-ground atmospheric environment parameter acquisition, and particularly relates to a near-ground atmospheric refractive index profile monitoring method based on a commercial microwave return link.
Background
The near-ground atmosphere refractive index profile has an important influence on an electromagnetic signal propagation path, and the abnormal atmosphere refractive index vertical gradient often causes that commercial communication equipment cannot work normally, and meanwhile, the over-the-horizon detection of the ground-based radar can also be realized. At present, the monitoring means of the near-ground atmosphere refractive index profile information is limited. The atmospheric temperature, pressure and humidity parameter profiles are telemetered through a ball-mounted radiosonde, and corresponding atmospheric refractive index profile information can be calculated through a theoretical formula. However, in the conventional business, the radiosonde is only flown twice a day at a fixed point, so that fine atmospheric refractive index profile change information cannot be acquired. Furthermore, the vertical resolution of the radiosonde near the ground is also low. The refractometer can directly and accurately measure the atmospheric refractive index, but the instrument is heavy and expensive, and cannot be popularized in a large range.
In addition to the above-mentioned professional atmospheric refractive index detection methods, non-cooperative electromagnetic wave sources that are widely present throughout the world may also be used for the detection of the atmospheric refractive index profile. The most typical example is to calculate the atmospheric refractive index using the amount of atmospheric refraction generated by the GPS signal passing through the troposphere. The method can realize low-cost and high-vertical-resolution global atmospheric refractive index profile monitoring, but is difficult to acquire effective information in a near-ground range. Besides GPS non-cooperative electromagnetic wave sources, a large number of commercial microwave return links widely exist near the ground, the operating frequency of the links is in the range of 6-42 GHz, and the length of the links is thousands of meters to dozens of kilometers. The electromagnetic propagation process of the commercial microwave return link is also influenced by the atmospheric refraction profile, so that the signals at the receiving end fluctuate, and therefore, the signals also contain the atmospheric refraction profile information and can be theoretically used for monitoring the atmospheric refraction profile.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a near-ground atmosphere refractive index profile monitoring method based on a commercial microwave return link, and the measured attenuation of a multilink in clear sky is calculated according to the power of a transmitting end and a receiving end of the microwave return link in an area; defining characterization parameters of the near-ground atmospheric refractive index profile and setting initial values to realize description of the atmospheric refractive index profile; based on the spatial positions of a link receiving end and a link transmitting end, combining an electromagnetic propagation model, and calculating the clear-sky theoretical attenuation of the multiple links; and calculating a target function according to the difference between the actual measurement attenuation and the theoretical attenuation, and solving an optimal solution of the near-ground atmospheric refractive index profile characterization parameters through a certain optimization algorithm to realize effective inversion of the near-ground atmospheric refractive index profile in the region range.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following solutions:
the method for monitoring the near-ground atmosphere refractive index profile based on the commercial microwave return link comprises the following steps:
acquiring clear sky actual measurement attenuation of each commercial microwave return link based on commercial microwave return links in a preset area;
setting and initializing characterization parameters of the near-ground atmosphere refractive index profile;
obtaining clear-sky theoretical attenuation of each commercial microwave return link based on the characterization parameters and the electromagnetic propagation calculation model according to the antenna parameters of the commercial microwaves, and the spatial positions of the receiving end and the transmitting end of the link;
calculating a clear sky attenuation target function according to the measured clear sky attenuation and the theoretical clear sky attenuation;
and obtaining the near-ground atmosphere refractive index profile characterization parameters by using an optimization algorithm based on the clear sky attenuation objective function to obtain an optimal solution, and completing the near-ground atmosphere refractive index profile monitoring.
Optionally, the method for obtaining the measured attenuation in clear sky of each commercial microwave backhaul link includes:
selecting N commercial microwave return links which stably run in the preset area, and acquiring the transmitting end spatial position, the receiving end spatial position and the antenna parameters of the commercial microwave return links;
respectively calculating the average power of a transmitting end and the average power of a receiving end of each commercial microwave return link according to a preset time interval;
and obtaining the clear sky actual measurement attenuation of each commercial microwave return link according to the average power of the transmitting terminal and the average power of the receiving terminal.
Optionally, the electromagnetic propagation calculation model includes, but is not limited to, a parabolic equation method.
Optionally, the clear-sky theoretical attenuation of each commercial microwave return link is obtained by using a step-by-step wide-angle parabolic equation model based on the characterization parameters and the electromagnetic propagation calculation model according to the antenna parameters of the commercial microwaves, and the spatial positions of the receiving end and the transmitting end of the link.
Optionally, the clear sky attenuation objective function is:
wherein Regularizer (M) is a regularization term.
Optionally, the regularization term includes, but is not limited to, an L1 regularization term.
Optionally, the optimal solution of the near-ground atmosphere refractive index profile characterization parameter is a solution that minimizes the objective function, and the expression is
Optionally, the optimization algorithm includes, but is not limited to, an ant colony algorithm.
The beneficial effect of this application does:
the application discloses a near-ground atmosphere refractive index profile monitoring method based on a commercial microwave return link, which is characterized in that on the basis of extracting attenuation information of the commercial microwave return link, an electromagnetic propagation calculation model is combined to search for optimal atmosphere refractive index profile characterization parameters, so that effective monitoring of the near-ground atmosphere refractive index profile within an area range is realized; meanwhile, the method can realize the acquisition of the near-ground atmosphere refractive index profile information based on the widely existing commercial microwave return link on the ground without investing additional instruments and equipment, and has the advantages of low cost, high space-time resolution, wide coverage range and the like, and has extremely high application value. The method can be applied to actual services as a new method for monitoring the refractive index profile of the near-ground atmosphere.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for a person skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without any inventive exercise.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a method for monitoring a refractive index profile of a near-ground atmosphere based on a commercial microwave return link according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a distribution of a commercial microwave backhaul link according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of the parameters characterizing the atmospheric refractive index profile of an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an inversion result of the atmospheric refractive index profile according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application without making any creative effort belong to the protection scope of the present application.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present application more comprehensible, the present application is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description.
As shown in fig. 1, a schematic flow chart of a method for monitoring a refractive index profile of near-ground atmosphere based on a commercial microwave return link according to an embodiment of the present application is shown, which mainly includes the following steps:
firstly, acquiring clear sky actual measurement attenuation of each return link based on the return links of commercial microwaves in a preset area.
In this embodiment, the specific implementation method of this step includes the following 3 steps:
1. selecting 4 commercial microwave return links MBL (minimum Block level) which stably run in a preset area1,MBL2,MBL3,MBL4The spatial position of the transmitting end is S1＝(xs1,ys1,zs1),S2＝(xs2,ys2,zs2),S3＝(xs3,ys3,zs3),S4＝(xs4,ys4,zs4) The spatial position of the receiving end is respectively E1＝(xe1,ye1,ze1),E2＝(xe2,ye2,ze2),E3＝(xe3,ye3,ze3),E4＝(xe4,ye4,ze4) The antenna parameters are respectively A1,A2,A3,A4；
2. According to a preset time interval, calculating the average power TP of the transmitting end of each link1,TP2,TP3,TP4Average power RP at the receiving end1,RP2,RP3,RP4(ii) a In the present embodiment, 60min is used as the time interval.
3. Calculating the clear sky actual measurement attenuation PL of each link according to the power difference between the receiving end and the transmitting endi＝TPi-RPi(i＝1,2,…,4)。
In the practical application process, according to the receiving end and transmitting end powers recorded by the plurality of commercial microwave return links, the information of the near-ground average atmospheric refractive index profile in a certain area can be obtained, and in this embodiment, the distribution of the commercial microwave return links is schematically shown in fig. 2.
Then, as shown in fig. 3, a near-ground atmospheric refractive index profile characterizing parameter M ═ k is set1,k2,k3,H1,H2]And is initialized to k1＝-10N-unitkm-1,k2＝10N-unitkm-1,k3＝-10N-unitkm-1,H1＝30m,H2＝60m。
Thirdly, according to the antenna parameters obtained in the initial stage, the spatial positions of the receiving end and the transmitting end of the link and the near-ground atmosphere refractive index profile characterization parameters set in the previous step, combining an electromagnetic propagation calculation model and based on a step-by-step wide-angle parabolic equation model, calculating the clear-sky theoretical attenuation PL of each link01,PL02,PL03,PL04. In the present embodiment, the electromagnetic propagation calculation model includes, but is not limited to, a parabolic equation method.
And then, calculating a clear sky attenuation target function according to the measured attenuation of the clear sky and the theoretical attenuation of the clear sky.
In this embodiment, the objective function j (m) is:
where regularizer (m) is a regularization term, in the present embodiment, the regularization term includes, but is not limited to, the L1 regularization term.
And finally, obtaining the near-ground atmospheric refractive index profile characterization parameters by using an optimization algorithm based on the clear sky attenuation objective function to obtain an optimal solution, and completing the near-ground atmospheric refractive index profile monitoring, wherein the inversion result of the atmospheric refractive index profile is shown in fig. 4.
In the embodiment, the optimal solution of the near-ground atmosphere refractive index profile characterization parameter is the solution with the minimum objective function, and the expression is
The optimization algorithm includes, but is not limited to, an ant colony algorithm.
The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present application, and do not limit the scope of the present application, and various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present application by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present application should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present application.
Claims (8)
1. The method for monitoring the near-ground atmosphere refractive index profile based on the commercial microwave return link is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
acquiring clear sky actual measurement attenuation of each commercial microwave return link based on commercial microwave return links in a preset area;
setting and initializing characterization parameters of the near-ground atmosphere refractive index profile;
obtaining clear-sky theoretical attenuation of each commercial microwave return link based on the characterization parameters and the electromagnetic propagation calculation model according to the antenna parameters of the commercial microwaves, and the spatial positions of the receiving end and the transmitting end of the link;
calculating a clear sky attenuation target function according to the measured clear sky attenuation and the theoretical clear sky attenuation;
and obtaining the near-ground atmosphere refractive index profile characterization parameters by using an optimization algorithm based on the clear sky attenuation objective function to obtain an optimal solution, and completing the near-ground atmosphere refractive index profile monitoring.
2. The method for near-surface atmospheric refractive index profile monitoring based on a commercial microwave return link according to claim 1,
the method for obtaining the measured attenuation in clear sky of each commercial microwave return link comprises the following steps:
selecting N commercial microwave return links which stably run in the preset area, and acquiring the transmitting end spatial position, the receiving end spatial position and the antenna parameters of the commercial microwave return links;
respectively calculating the average power of a transmitting end and the average power of a receiving end of each commercial microwave return link according to a preset time interval;
and obtaining the clear sky actual measurement attenuation of each commercial microwave return link according to the average power of the transmitting terminal and the average power of the receiving terminal.
3. The near-ground atmospheric refractive index profile monitoring method based on a commercial microwave return link according to claim 1,
the electromagnetic propagation computational model includes, but is not limited to, a parabolic equation method.
4. The method for near-surface atmospheric refractive index profile monitoring based on a commercial microwave return link according to claim 1,
and obtaining the clear-sky theoretical attenuation of each commercial microwave return link by using a step-by-step wide-angle parabolic equation model based on the characterization parameters and the electromagnetic propagation calculation model according to the antenna parameters of the commercial microwaves, and the spatial positions of the receiving end and the transmitting end of the link.
5. The method for near-surface atmospheric refractive index profile monitoring based on a commercial microwave return link according to claim 1,
the clear sky attenuation objective function is as follows:
wherein Regulartizer (M) is a regularization term.
6. The near-ground atmospheric refractive index profile monitoring method based on a commercial microwave return link according to claim 5,
the regularization term includes, but is not limited to, an L1 regularization term.
7. The method for near-surface atmospheric refractive index profile monitoring based on a commercial microwave return link according to claim 6,
the optimal solution of the near-ground atmosphere refractive index profile characterization parameter is the solution which enables the objective function to be minimum, and the expression is
8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the near-surface atmosphere refractive index profile monitoring method based on the commercial microwave return link,
the optimization algorithm includes, but is not limited to, the ant colony algorithm.
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