CN114675253A - Water surface micro-amplitude wave frequency estimation method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium - Google Patents
Water surface micro-amplitude wave frequency estimation method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model provides a method for estimating the frequency of water surface micro-amplitude wave, which is applied to the technical field of communication and comprises the following steps: collecting radar echo signals, wherein the radar echo signals are obtained by acting a radar on water surface micro amplitude waves generated by a water surface detection underwater sound source, extracting phase information in the radar echo signals, and obtaining the frequency of the water surface micro amplitude waves based on the phase information by utilizing a nonlinear least square criterion. The application also discloses a water surface micro amplitude wave frequency estimation device, electronic equipment and a storage medium.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for estimating a frequency of a water surface micro-amplitude wave, an electronic device, and a storage medium.
Background
Cross-medium communication is fundamental to many important applications, particularly in the fields of underwater resource exploration and biological population monitoring. The detection of the frequency of the water surface micro amplitude wave is the key of cross-medium communication, and the underwater sound source information can be inverted through the frequency information of the water surface micro amplitude wave. However, the extraction of the frequency information of the water surface micro amplitude wave encounters many challenges in practical environments, such as low resolution, non-stationarity, and the like. These problems will lead to inaccurate estimates of the surface micro-amplitude wave frequency.
In recent years, some research groups have estimated the frequency of water surface micro-amplitude waves using conventional periodograms (FFT) based on their own radar prototypes. However, the periodogram method has the essential problems of smearing and spectrum leakage, the smearing cannot separate two similar signals, the spectrum leakage can cause side lobes of strong signals to overwhelm weak signals, so that the periodogram cannot obtain accurate estimation results of the micro-vibration spectrum, and meanwhile, the periodogram method is not suitable for non-stationary signals.
Disclosure of Invention
The present application mainly aims to provide a method and an apparatus for estimating a frequency of a water surface micro-amplitude wave, an electronic device, and a storage medium, and aims to solve the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a method for estimating a frequency of a water surface micro amplitude wave, including:
the method for estimating the frequency of the water surface micro-amplitude wave is characterized by comprising the following steps:
collecting radar echo signals, wherein the radar echo signals are obtained by acting a radar on a water surface to detect water surface micro-amplitude waves generated by an underwater sound source;
extracting phase information in the radar echo signals;
and obtaining the frequency of the water surface micro amplitude wave based on the phase information by utilizing a nonlinear least square criterion.
In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the extracting phase information in the radar echo signal includes:
performing pulse compression processing on the radar echo signals to obtain scattering intensity information of each range gate;
selecting a target range gate according to the scattering intensity information of each range gate, wherein the target range gate contains surface microwave vibration information;
accumulating a plurality of continuous radar echo signals in the target range gate to obtain accumulated data;
and performing phase extraction on the accumulated data to obtain phase information of the radar echo signal.
In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the obtaining, by using a nonlinear least squares criterion and based on the phase information, a frequency of the water surface micro-amplitude wave includes:
wherein y (N) is the phase information, N is the number of sampling points of the radar echo signal, N ═ 1, 2kIs the complex amplitude, f, of the kth water surface micro-amplitude wavekThe frequency of the kth water surface micro amplitude wave, and e (n) is complex Gaussian noise.
In an embodiment of the present disclosure, before performing phase extraction on the accumulated data to obtain phase information of the radar echo signal, the method includes:
acquiring the frequency range of a signal sent by the underwater biogenesis source;
and carrying out filtering processing on the accumulated data according to the frequency range.
A second aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a water surface micro-amplitude wave frequency estimation device, including:
the system comprises an acquisition module, a data acquisition module and a data processing module, wherein the acquisition module is used for acquiring radar echo signals, and the radar echo signals are obtained by acting a radar on water surface micro-amplitude waves generated by a water surface detection underwater sound source;
the extraction module is used for extracting phase information in the radar echo signal;
and the calculation module is used for obtaining the frequency of the water surface micro-amplitude wave based on the phase information by utilizing a nonlinear least square criterion.
In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the extraction module includes:
the pulse processing submodule is used for carrying out pulse compression processing on the radar echo signal to obtain the scattering intensity information of each range gate;
the selection submodule is used for selecting a target range gate according to the scattering intensity information of each range gate, and the target range gate contains surface microwave vibration information;
the accumulation submodule is used for accumulating a plurality of continuous radar echo signals in the target range gate to obtain accumulated data;
and the phase extraction submodule is used for carrying out phase extraction on the accumulated data to obtain phase information of the radar echo signal.
In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the calculation module is implemented by using the following formula:
wherein y (N) is the phase information, N is the number of sampling points of the radar echo signal, N ═ 1, 2kIs the complex amplitude, f, of the kth water surface micro-amplitude wavekThe frequency of the kth water surface micro amplitude wave, and e (n) is complex Gaussian noise.
In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the apparatus further includes:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring the frequency range of the signal transmitted by the underwater biography source;
and the filtering module is used for filtering the accumulated data according to the frequency range.
A third aspect of embodiments of the present application provides an electronic device, including:
the water surface micro amplitude wave frequency estimation method is characterized by comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program which is stored on the memory and can run on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to realize the water surface micro amplitude wave frequency estimation method provided by the first aspect of the embodiment of the application.
A fourth aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, where the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the method for estimating the frequency of a water surface micro-amplitude wave provided by the first aspect of the embodiments of the present application.
According to the embodiment of the application, the method, the device, the electronic equipment and the storage medium for estimating the frequency of the water surface micro amplitude wave can realize smaller frequency interval time, so that the cross-medium communication speed is improved, two signals with larger frequency difference are sent at the same time when the underwater sound source frequency, and the amplitude and the frequency of the water surface micro amplitude wave are in inverse proportion, so that when a strong signal covers a weak signal, the method for estimating the frequency of the water surface micro amplitude wave is superior to the existing method, the detection capability of the weak signal is still effective, a smaller detectable frequency range can be realized, and the frequency point utilization rate of an underwater narrow band is improved. Meanwhile, the generalized inner product principle is combined, so that intervals of signals with different frequencies can be realized, and the method is suitable for processing non-stationary signals.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for estimating a frequency of a water surface micro-amplitude wave according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a periodogram method and an estimation result of the disclosed method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3(a) is a graph of conventional periodogram estimation results in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3(b) is a diagram of the estimation result of the conventional RELAX algorithm proposed by one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3(c) is a diagram illustrating the frequency estimation of the surface micro-amplitude wave according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4(a) is a graph of conventional periodogram estimation results in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4(b) is a frequency estimation result of water surface micro-amplitude waves according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a water surface micro-amplitude wave frequency estimation device according to yet another embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 shows a hardware structure diagram of an electronic device.
Detailed Description
In order to make the purpose, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and understandable, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for estimating a frequency of a water surface micro-amplitude wave according to an embodiment of the present application, where the method is applicable to an electronic device, and the electronic device includes: the method mainly comprises the following steps of using mobile phones, tablet computers, portable computers, intelligent watches, intelligent glasses and other electronic equipment capable of performing data processing in the moving process and using desktop computers, all-in-one machines, intelligent televisions and other electronic equipment capable of performing data processing in the moving process, wherein the electronic equipment mainly comprises the following electronic equipment:
s101, collecting radar echo signals, wherein the radar echo signals are obtained by acting radar on water surface micro amplitude waves generated by a water surface detection underwater sound source.
In the present disclosure, sound source information encoding is performed on the transmission information, and the encoding modulation method may adopt KOO, QPSK, OFDM, etc., and then the transmission information is subjected to audio information conversion and transmitted through an underwater sound source.
In the present disclosure, water surface data acquisition is performed by an electromagnetic wave sensing device (e.g., millimeter wave radar), and the water surface data contains scene information within the range of the electromagnetic wave sensing device.
And S102, extracting phase information in the radar echo signal.
In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the extracting phase information in the radar echo signal in operation S102 includes: performing pulse compression processing on the radar echo signal to obtain the scattering intensity information of each range gate; selecting a target range gate according to the scattering intensity information of each range gate, wherein the target range gate contains surface microwave vibration information; accumulating a plurality of continuous radar echo signals in the target range gate to obtain accumulated data; and performing phase extraction on the accumulated data to obtain phase information of the radar echo signal. Undersea sound sources undersea signals that excite water surface vibrations are undersea signals contained in the phase.
In the method, the range gates containing the surface microwave vibration information are selected according to the scattering intensity information of each range gate after pulse compression, and when the actual scene is complex, other auxiliary equipment (such as an altimeter) can be used for obtaining the range gates of the surface microwave vibration information.
In an embodiment of the present disclosure, before performing phase extraction on the accumulated data to obtain phase information of the radar echo signal, the method includes: and acquiring the frequency range of the signal sent by the underwater biogenesis source, and filtering the accumulated data according to the frequency range. Wherein, the construction of the filter can be determined by the surface microwave characteristics caused by the underwater sound source.
And S103, obtaining the frequency of the water surface micro amplitude wave based on the phase information by utilizing a nonlinear least square rule.
In an embodiment of the disclosure, the obtaining, by using a nonlinear least squares criterion, the frequency of the water surface micro-amplitude wave based on the phase information in operation S103 includes:
where y (N) is the phase information, N is the number of sampling points of the radar echo signal, N ═ 1, 2, … …, N }, akIs the complex amplitude, f, of the kth water surface micro-amplitude wavekThe frequency of the kth water surface micro amplitude wave, and e (n) is complex Gaussian noise.
In the present disclosure, the non-linear least squares criterion yields:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
assuming that estimates of the amplitude, frequency, etc. of the first p water surface micro-amplitude waves have been obtained, the remaining signals including the p-th water surface micro-amplitude wave signal can be expressed as:
binding formula (3), minimizing formula (2). The estimated value of the p-th water surface micro amplitude wave signal parameter can be obtained:
the convergence of the above equation is mainly determined by the difference between two iterations of equation (5) when it is smaller than a predetermined threshold.
According to the embodiment of the disclosure, the water painting micro amplitude wave frequency estimation method provided by the disclosure can be used for realizing smaller frequency interval time, so that the cross-medium communication rate is improved, when the underwater sound source frequency simultaneously sends two signals with larger frequency difference, because the amplitude of the water surface micro amplitude wave is inversely proportional to the frequency, when the strong signal covers the weak signal, the water surface micro amplitude wave frequency estimation method disclosed by the disclosure is superior to the existing method, the detection capability of the weak signal is still effective, a smaller detectable frequency range can be realized, and the frequency point utilization rate of an underwater narrow band is improved. Meanwhile, the generalized inner product principle is combined, so that intervals of signals with different frequencies can be realized, and the method is suitable for processing non-stationary signals.
In one example, the experimental system measures vibration displacement generated by the water surface using a Ka-band millimeter wave radar. FIG. 2 is a graph of a periodogram method and the estimation results of the method of the present disclosure. If the frequency of an underwater transmitted sound source is 130Hz, the sampling time is required to reach 1/130 ≈ 0.0077s if a complete sine waveform is obtained, and the estimation results of the first group and the second group which cannot reach the sampling time of the complete waveform have larger errors. The third group of samples has the duration of 0.01s, the result estimated by the periodogram method is 125.9Hz, the error is 3.15%, the result estimated by the method disclosed by the invention is 129.7Hz, and the error estimated by the method disclosed by the invention is 0.23%, so that the result estimated by the method disclosed by the invention is superior to that estimated by the periodogram method. The fourth group and the fifth group estimate the frequency 129.7Hz by the periodogram method and 130Hz by the disclosed method due to the long duration of the single frequency, and the frequency estimation results are basically consistent. The fewer the number of sampling points, the more accurate the frequency estimation is, that is, the shorter the duration of a single frequency point in the underwater sound source frequency coding is, the faster the cross-medium communication rate is.
Fig. 3(a) is an estimation result of a conventional periodogram method according to an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 3(b) is an estimation result of a conventional RELAX algorithm according to an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 3(c) is an estimation result of a frequency estimation method of a water surface micro amplitude wave according to an embodiment of the present invention (i.e., the method disclosed in the present invention in the figures), and fig. 3(a) -fig. 3(c) are diagrams for verifying whether a water surface micro amplitude wave weak signal can monitor a water surface micro amplitude wave signal under the masking of a strong signal. Therefore, the underwater Luyuan source is arranged to simultaneously send signals (130Hz and 400Hz) with two different frequencies, and the amplitude of the 130Hz micro amplitude wave is larger than the 400Hz amplitude due to the fact that the amplitude is in inverse proportion to the frequency. The 130Hz signal of the periodic diagram estimation result has larger side lobes, the amplitude of the 130Hz signal is larger than that of the 400Hz signal, the frequency is selected according to the maximum amplitude principle, and the 400Hz signal frequency can be leaked; according to the method, the maximum amplitude signal is estimated firstly, the estimated signal is subtracted on the original basis, but the side lobe of the 130Hz signal is larger than the main lobe of the 400Hz signal, the next estimation result is the frequency of the first side lobe of 144Hz, and the estimation result is incorrect; the method reduces the side lobe of the signal because the windowing processing is carried out on the signal in advance, so the estimated result is 130Hz and 400Hz, which is consistent with the transmission signal of the underwater sound source.
FIG. 4(a) is the estimation result of the conventional periodogram method proposed by the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 4(b) is the estimation result of the frequency estimation method of the water surface micro-amplitude wave proposed by the first embodiment of the present invention (i.e., the disclosed method in the figure); FIG. 4 is a graph showing the minimum frequency spacing, pulse repetition 50KHz, and pulse width 20. mu.s. And setting the frequency transmitted by the underwater sound source to be changed by 3Hz from 100Hz every 0.1s, and respectively estimating the detected micro amplitude wave signals by using a periodogram method and water surface micro amplitude wave frequency estimation. The water surface micro amplitude wave frequency estimation method successfully separates two signals with different frequencies, and the estimated results are 100.022Hz and 102.996Hz respectively and are consistent with the actual sending frequency.
Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a water surface micro amplitude wave frequency estimation device according to another embodiment of the present application, which can be embedded in an electronic device, and the device mainly includes:
an acquisition module 510, configured to acquire a radar echo signal, where the radar echo signal is obtained by applying a radar to a water surface micro-amplitude wave generated by a water surface detection underwater sound source;
an extracting module 520, configured to extract phase information in the radar echo signal;
and the calculating module 530 is configured to obtain the frequency of the water surface micro-amplitude wave based on the phase information by using a nonlinear least square criterion.
In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the extracting module 520 includes:
the pulse processing submodule is used for carrying out pulse compression processing on the radar echo signal to obtain the scattering intensity information of each range gate;
the selection submodule is used for selecting a target range gate according to the scattering intensity information of each range gate, and the target range gate contains surface microwave vibration information;
the accumulation submodule is used for accumulating a plurality of continuous radar echo signals in the target range gate to obtain accumulated data;
and the phase extraction submodule is used for carrying out phase extraction on the accumulated data to obtain phase information of the radar echo signal.
In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the calculating module 530 is implemented by using the following formula:
where y (N) is the phase information, N is the number of sampling points of the radar echo signal, N ═ 1, 2kIs the complex amplitude, f, of the kth water surface micro-amplitude wavekThe frequency of the kth water surface micro amplitude wave, and e (n) is complex Gaussian noise.
In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the apparatus further includes:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring the frequency range of the signal sent by the underwater biogenesis source;
and the filtering module is used for filtering the accumulated data according to the frequency range.
Referring to fig. 6, fig. 6 shows a hardware structure diagram of an electronic device.
The electronic device described in this embodiment includes:
a memory 41, a processor 42 and a computer program stored on the memory 41 and executable on the processor, the processor implementing the method for estimating the frequency of the water surface micro-amplitude wave described in the embodiment of fig. 1.
Further, the electronic device further includes:
at least one input device 43; at least one output device 44.
The memory 41, processor 42 input device 43 and output device 44 are connected by a bus 45.
The input device 43 may be a camera, a touch panel, a physical button, or a mouse. The output device 44 may specifically be a display screen.
The Memory 41 may be a high-speed Random Access Memory (RAM) Memory or a non-volatile Memory (non-volatile Memory), such as a magnetic disk Memory. The memory 41 is used for storing a set of executable program code, and the processor 42 is coupled to the memory 41.
Further, an embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a computer-readable storage medium, where the computer-readable storage medium may be provided in the electronic device in the foregoing embodiments, and the computer-readable storage medium may be the electronic device in the foregoing embodiment shown in fig. 6. The computer readable storage medium has stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the method for estimating the frequency of the water surface micro-amplitude wave described in the foregoing embodiment shown in fig. 1. Further, the computer-readable storage medium may be various media that can store program codes, such as a usb disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.
It should be noted that each functional module in each embodiment of the present disclosure may be integrated into one processing module, or each module may exist alone physically, or two or more modules are integrated into one module. The integrated module can be realized in a hardware mode, and can also be realized in a software functional module mode.
The integrated module, if implemented in the form of a software functional module and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied in the form of a software product, or a part or all of the technical solution that substantially contributes to the prior art.
It should be noted that, for the sake of simplicity, the above-mentioned method embodiments are described as a series of acts or combinations, but those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the described order of acts, as some steps may be performed in other orders or simultaneously according to the present invention. Further, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments described in this specification are presently considered to be preferred embodiments and that no single act or module is essential to the invention.
In the above embodiments, the descriptions of the respective embodiments have respective emphasis, and for parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference may be made to related descriptions of other embodiments.
In the above description, for the method, the apparatus, the electronic device and the readable storage medium for estimating the frequency of the water surface micro-amplitude wave provided by the present invention, for those skilled in the art, there may be variations in the specific implementation manners and the application ranges according to the ideas of the embodiments of the present invention, and in summary, the contents of the present specification should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for estimating the frequency of a water surface micro-amplitude wave is characterized by comprising the following steps:
collecting radar echo signals, wherein the radar echo signals are obtained by acting a radar on a water surface micro-amplitude wave generated by a water surface detection underwater sound source;
extracting phase information in the radar echo signals;
and obtaining the frequency of the water surface micro-amplitude wave based on the phase information by utilizing a nonlinear least square criterion.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the extracting phase information in the radar return signal comprises:
performing pulse compression processing on the radar echo signals to obtain scattering intensity information of each range gate;
selecting a target range gate according to the scattering intensity information of each range gate, wherein the target range gate contains surface microwave vibration information;
accumulating a plurality of continuous radar echo signals in the target range gate to obtain accumulated data;
and performing phase extraction on the accumulated data to obtain phase information of the radar echo signal.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the deriving the frequency of the water surface micro-amplitude wave based on the phase information using a non-linear least squares criterion comprises:
wherein y (N) is the phase information, N is the number of sampling points of the radar echo signal, N ═ 1, 2kIs the complex amplitude, f, of the kth water surface micro-amplitude wavekThe frequency of the kth water surface micro amplitude wave, and e (n) is complex Gaussian noise.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein the phase extracting the accumulated data before obtaining the phase information of the radar echo signal comprises:
acquiring the frequency range of a signal sent by the underwater biogenesis source;
and carrying out filtering processing on the accumulated data according to the frequency range.
5. A water surface micro-amplitude wave frequency estimation device, comprising:
the system comprises an acquisition module, a data acquisition module and a data processing module, wherein the acquisition module is used for acquiring radar echo signals, and the radar echo signals are obtained by acting a radar on water surface micro-amplitude waves generated by a water surface detection underwater sound source;
the extraction module is used for extracting phase information in the radar echo signal;
and the calculation module is used for obtaining the frequency of the water surface micro-amplitude wave based on the phase information by utilizing a nonlinear least square criterion.
6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the extraction module comprises:
the pulse processing submodule is used for carrying out pulse compression processing on the radar echo signal to obtain the scattering intensity information of each range gate;
the selection submodule is used for selecting a target range gate according to the scattering intensity information of each range gate, and the target range gate contains surface microwave vibration information;
the accumulation submodule is used for accumulating a plurality of continuous radar echo signals in the target range gate to obtain accumulated data;
and the phase extraction submodule is used for carrying out phase extraction on the accumulated data to obtain phase information of the radar echo signal.
7. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the calculating module is implemented using the following equation:
wherein y (N) is the phase information, N is the number of sampling points of the radar echo signal, N ═ 1, 2kIs the complex amplitude, f, of the kth water surface micro-amplitude wavekThe frequency of the kth water surface micro amplitude wave, and e (n) is complex Gaussian noise.
8. The apparatus of claim 6, further comprising:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring the frequency range of the signal sent by the underwater biogenesis source;
and the filtering module is used for filtering the accumulated data according to the frequency range.
9. An electronic device, comprising: memory, processor and computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that the processor implements the steps of the method for estimating the frequency of water surface micro-amplitude waves according to any one of claims 1 to 4 when executing the computer program.
10. A computer readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, performs the steps of the method for estimating the frequency of water surface micro-amplitude waves of any one of claims 1 to 4.
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