CN114674545A - Experimental system and method for determining particle deposition part of turbine blade - Google Patents
Experimental system and method for determining particle deposition part of turbine blade Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000112 cooling gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 19
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 54
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 4
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005289 physical deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000010062 adhesion mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011362 coarse particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009545 invasion Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011859 microparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/04—Investigating sedimentation of particle suspensions
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Abstract
The invention provides an experimental system and method for determining a particle deposition part of a turbine blade, which comprises a main flow channel for simulating main flow field characteristics of the turbine blade, a secondary flow channel for simulating internal cooling flow field characteristics of the turbine blade and an experimental section arranged at airflow outlets of the main flow channel and the secondary flow channel, wherein the main flow channel comprises a main flow pipeline, a main regulating valve, a channel flowmeter, a temperature regulating device and a pressure stabilizing box for stabilizing pressure, the main regulating valve, the channel flowmeter, the temperature regulating device and the pressure stabilizing box are sequentially connected, a feeding device is arranged at the front end of the main regulating valve, and dry dust particles enter the experimental section along with main flow gas; and the turbine blade to be tested is arranged in the experiment section to carry out a deposition experiment. The invention adopts the deposition of dry dusty solid particles to carry out experiments, and realizes the deposition formation of fine particles by simulating two flow channels of the internal flow field of the turbine blade and the feeding device for feeding the dry dust particles.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aero-engines, and particularly relates to an experimental system and method for determining particle deposition positions of turbine blades.
Background
In the working environment of an aircraft engine, besides accidental oil drop pollution, particle melting phase change and chemical corrosion deposition, the adhesion mechanism and inertial impaction of particles are main reasons of physical deposition formation, and the fine particles and wall surfaces have dry characteristics. The deposition of fine particles on the tube wall is divided into two distinct processes: one is the formation of an initial deposit, which is formed by the thermomigration deposition of volatile fine particles on the tube wall due to the high velocity of the fine fly ash particles adhering to the coarse particles; in the other process, the thicker and bigger fly ash particles collide with the initial deposit layer on the pipe wall under the action of inertia force, and the initial deposit layer has adhesiveness, so that the fly ash particles conveyed under the action of inertia force can be continuously captured, and the thickness of the deposit layer is increased.
Such particle deposition can lead to clogging of the turbine blade cooling structure, thereby affecting the cooling effect of the turbine blade. In particular, the cooling structure of micro-scale is faced with more serious invasion of external fine particles and deposition clogging risk caused by oxide fine particles generated in the gas flow. Therefore, the deposition position of the micro-particles on the turbine blade is accurately presented, and theoretical support can be provided for evaluating the working reliability of the micro-scale cooling structure and solving the problems of particle deposition and blockage in the micro-scale cooling structure. The existing research shows that the adhesion ability of the fine particles on the high-temperature surface is very strong, and in order to analyze the deposition of the fine particles on the high-temperature surface, most of the current experimental researches aiming at the deposition of the fine particles basically adopt two approaches:
first, in a high temperature gas, high temperature wall surface experiment environment, deposition experiments are performed with high concentration of fine particles, such as dosing with highly adhesive fly ash fine particles, and the experimental cost of such experimental methods is extremely high.
Secondly, in a low-temperature experimental environment, a deposition experiment is carried out by using fine particles with high adhesiveness, for example, a high-adhesiveness wax liquid drop is used for simulating the deposition of the fine particles, and the experiment method can be used for carrying out the experiment under the environment with lower air flow and wall temperature. Although the test method is easy to realize deposition in a short period and can obtain the deposition morphology of the particles on the high-temperature wall surface to reflect certain qualitative characteristics of particle deposition, the difference between the experimental simulation and the real physical process is large because the collision rebound performance of the wax liquid drop to the wall surface is greatly different from that of solid particles and the wax liquid drop is basically and completely adhered or melted to the wall surface.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide an experimental system for determining a deposition site of a turbine blade particle, the system includes a main flow channel for simulating characteristics of a main flow field of the turbine blade, a secondary flow channel for simulating characteristics of a cooling flow field inside the turbine blade, and an experimental section disposed at airflow outlets of the main flow channel and the secondary flow channel, the main flow channel includes a main flow pipeline for inputting main flow gas to the experimental section, the main flow pipeline is provided with a main regulating valve and a channel flow meter for regulating gas flow in the main flow pipeline, a temperature regulating device for regulating gas temperature in the main flow pipeline, and a pressure stabilizing box for stabilizing pressure, the main regulating valve, the channel flow meter, the temperature regulating device, and the pressure stabilizing box are connected in sequence, a feeding device for feeding dry dust particles into the experimental system is disposed at a front end of the main regulating valve, the dry dust particles enter the experimental section along with the main flow gas; and the turbine blade to be tested is arranged in the experiment section to carry out a deposition experiment.
The experimental system for determining the deposition position of the particles of the turbine blade provided by the invention is also characterized in that the feeding device comprises a dust container arranged outside the main flow pipeline and a grid distribution pipe connected with the dust container and arranged in the main flow pipeline, dry dust particles in the dust container enter the grid distribution pipe along with the input of compressed air, and the grid distribution pipe is uniformly provided with a plurality of spray holes for uniformly distributing the dry dust particles in the main flow channel.
The experimental system for determining the particle deposition position of the turbine blade, provided by the invention, is also characterized in that the turbine blade to be measured is a simulation blade which is arranged for simulating the structure of a real turbine blade.
The experimental system for determining the particle deposition part of the turbine blade is also characterized in that the temperature adjusting device comprises an electric heater for heating main flow gas and a silicon controlled rectifier power adjuster for controlling the electric heater to work, and the silicon controlled rectifier power adjuster can obtain the real-time temperature of the main flow gas in the main flow pipeline so as to control the work of the electric heater in real time.
The experimental system for determining the particle deposition position of the turbine blade is also characterized in that the secondary flow channel comprises a secondary flow pipeline for inputting cooling gas to an experimental section, and a secondary flow regulating valve and a vortex shedding flowmeter for regulating the gas flow in the secondary flow channel and a thermocouple for measuring the gas temperature in the secondary flow channel are arranged on the secondary flow pipeline.
The experimental system for determining the particle deposition position of the turbine blade is also characterized by further comprising a data acquisition device, wherein the data acquisition device is used for acquiring the flow measured by the channel flowmeter and the flow measured by the vortex shedding flowmeter and then adjusting the main regulating valve and the secondary flow regulating valve.
The experimental system for determining the particle deposition position of the turbine blade provided by the invention is also characterized in that the experimental section comprises a blade channel for simulating the real working environment of the turbine blade,
the blade channel is hollow, the turbine blade to be tested is subjected to a deposition experiment in the blade channel,
the side wall of the blade channel is provided with a plurality of observation windows for observing the deposition state of the turbine blade to be measured, and the blade channel is also provided with thermocouples for measuring the airflow temperature at the front edge and the tail edge of the blade.
The experimental system for determining the deposition position of the particles of the turbine blade, provided by the invention, is also characterized by further comprising a plurality of thermal infrared imagers for observing the deposition form through the observation windows, wherein the thermal infrared imagers correspond to the observation windows one by one.
The invention aims to provide an experimental method for determining the particle deposition position of the turbine blade based on any one of the experimental systems, which comprises the following steps:
s1: putting the dry dust solid particles into a putting device;
s2: carrying out surface adhesion treatment on the wall surface of the turbine blade to be detected;
s3: placing the processed turbine blade to be tested in an experiment section;
s4: compressed gas is introduced into the main flow channel and the secondary flow channel, and the dry dust solid particles enter the experiment section along with the gas flow in the main flow channel to carry out a deposition experiment;
s5: and observing the deposition experiment generated in the experimental section to obtain the particle deposition part of the turbine blade.
The experimental method provided by the invention is also characterized in that the particle size range of the dry dust solid particles is 1-4 μm; the surface roughness Ra of the turbine blade to be measured after the treatment is 1.6-3.2.
Advantageous effects
The experimental system for determining the deposition position of the particles of the turbine blade is based on the principle of particle accelerated deposition experiments, a throwing device for drying dust particles is added to use the dry dust-shaped solid particles to accelerate deposition, and the experimental system can clearly and quickly present the deposition position of the particles of the turbine blade.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary system for determining a deposition site of particles on a turbine blade according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an experimental system for determining a deposition site of particles on a turbine blade according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a dispensing device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an experimental section provided by an embodiment of the present invention,
wherein, 1: a primary regulator valve; 2: a channel flow meter; 3: a silicon controlled power regulator; 4: a main flow line; 5: a voltage stabilizing box; 6: a thermal infrared imager; 7: a secondary flow regulating valve; 8: a secondary flow line; 9: a data acquisition device; 10: a vortex shedding flowmeter; 11: a thermocouple; 12: an electric heater; 13: an experimental section; 14: a dust container; 15: a grid distribution pipe; 16: compressing air; 17: spraying a hole; 18: an observation window; 19: a turbine blade; 20: an air outlet; 21: a throwing device.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described in detail with reference to the drawings and examples, but it should be understood that these embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention, and those skilled in the art should understand that the functional, methodological, or structural equivalents of these embodiments or substitutions may be included in the scope of the present invention.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "central", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only used for convenience in describing and simplifying the description of the present invention, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicit to a number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more unless otherwise specified.
The terms "mounted," "connected," and "coupled" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly coupled, detachably coupled, or integrally coupled; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the creation of the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art through specific situations.
The embodiment of the invention provides an experimental system for determining a particle deposition position of a turbine blade, which comprises a main flow channel for simulating the characteristics of a main flow field of the turbine blade, a secondary flow channel for simulating the characteristics of a cooling flow field inside the turbine blade and an experimental section 13 arranged at the airflow outlet of the main flow channel and the secondary flow channel, wherein the main flow channel comprises a main flow pipeline 4 for inputting main flow gas into the experimental section 13, the main flow pipeline 4 is provided with a main regulating valve 1 and a channel flowmeter 2 for regulating the flow rate of the gas in the main flow pipeline 4, a temperature regulating device for regulating the temperature of the gas in the main flow pipeline 4 and a pressure stabilizing box 5 for stabilizing pressure, the main regulating valve 1, the channel flowmeter 2, the temperature regulating device and the pressure stabilizing box 5 are sequentially connected, the front end of the main regulating valve 1 is provided with a throwing device 21 for throwing dry dust particles into the experimental system, the dry dust particles enter the experimental section 13 with the mainstream gas; the turbine blades 19 to be tested are arranged in the test section 13 for deposition tests.
In the above examples, the physical deposition process of fine particles on the surface needs to go through a rather slow experimental period in view of the complexity of collision-bounce, adhesion-shear removal, etc. of fine particles during deposition. Therefore, in order to accelerate the experimental process, the embodiment focuses on the portion where fine particles are likely to be deposited, and is qualitatively revealed. The particles adopted are dry solid particles, and the particles still have the capacity of being sheared and removed after being adhered, so that the experimental method is the experimental method, and meanwhile, the experimental device realizes the deposition and formation of fine particles. In the embodiment provided in fig. 1, the secondary flow channel and the primary flow channel are fed through the same inlet, which ensures that the initial temperatures of the gases fed into the secondary flow channel and the primary flow channel are the same; in the embodiment provided in fig. 2, the secondary flow channel and the primary flow channel are supplied with air through different air inlets, and the flow rate and temperature of the supplied air into the primary flow channel and the secondary flow channel can be adjusted accordingly according to the actual conditions required by the experiment.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 3, the dosing device 21 includes a dust container 14 disposed outside the main flow pipeline 4 and a grid distribution pipe 15 connected to the dust container 14 and disposed in the main flow pipeline 4, dry dust particles in the dust container 14 enter the grid distribution pipe 15 along with the input of compressed air 16, and the grid distribution pipe 15 is uniformly provided with a plurality of spray holes 17 for uniformly distributing the dry dust particles in the main flow channel.
The dosing device provided in the above embodiment places the dry dust particles in the dust container 14, spreads them into the grid distribution pipe 15 by means of compressed air 16, and then sprays them uniformly into the main flow channel through a plurality of uniformly arranged spray holes 17.
In some embodiments, the turbine blade 19 to be tested is a simulated blade configured to simulate the structure of a real turbine blade.
In some embodiments, the temperature adjusting device includes an electric heater 12 for heating the mainstream gas and a thyristor power regulator 3 for controlling the operation of the electric heater, and the thyristor power regulator 3 can obtain the real-time temperature of the mainstream gas in the mainstream pipeline 4 so as to control the operation of the electric heater 12 in real time.
In some embodiments, the secondary flow channel comprises a secondary flow pipeline 8 for inputting cooling gas to the experimental section, and a secondary flow regulating valve 7 and a vortex shedding flowmeter 10 for regulating the gas flow in the secondary flow channel and a thermocouple 11 for measuring the gas temperature in the secondary flow channel are arranged on the secondary flow pipeline 8.
In some embodiments, the experimental system further includes a data acquisition device 9, and the data acquisition device 9 is configured to acquire the flow rates measured by the channel flowmeter 2 and the vortex flowmeter 10 and then adjust the primary regulating valve 1 and the secondary flow regulating valve 7.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 4, the experimental section 13 includes a blade passage for simulating a real working environment of the turbine blade,
the blade passage is hollow, the turbine blade 19 to be tested is subjected to a deposition experiment in the blade passage,
the side wall of the blade channel is provided with a plurality of observation windows 18 for observing the deposition forms of the turbine blades to be measured, and the blade channel is also provided with thermocouples 11 for measuring the airflow temperatures at the front edge and the tail edge of the blade.
In some embodiments, the experimental system further includes a plurality of thermal infrared imagers 6 for observing the deposition morphology through the observation windows 18, and the plurality of thermal infrared imagers 6 correspond to the plurality of observation windows 18 one by one.
In some embodiments, an experimental method for determining a deposition site of particles on a turbine blade based on the experimental system provided in any one of the preceding embodiments is provided, including the following steps:
s1: putting the dry dust solid particles into a putting device;
s2: carrying out surface adhesion treatment on the wall surface of the turbine blade to be detected;
s3: placing the processed turbine blade to be tested in an experimental section;
s4: compressed gas is introduced into the main flow channel and the secondary flow channel, and the dry dust solid particles enter the experiment section along with the gas flow in the main flow channel to carry out a deposition experiment;
s5: and observing the deposition experiment generated in the experimental section to obtain the particle deposition part of the turbine blade.
In the above embodiment, the turbine blade to be measured is prevented from being subjected to surface adhesion treatment, so that particles can be deposited on the wall surface at a relatively low temperature in an accelerated manner.
In some embodiments, the dry dust solid particles have a particle size in the range of 1 μm to 4 μm; the surface roughness Ra of the turbine blade to be measured after the treatment is 1.6-3.2.
The experimental method for determining the deposition position of the particles on the turbine blade provided by the foregoing embodiment can rapidly realize the deposition of the fine particles, and can clearly observe the deposition result, so as to determine the deposition position of the fine particles on the turbine blade for corresponding treatment.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention. The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An experimental system for determining particle deposition positions of turbine blades is characterized by comprising a main flow channel for simulating main flow field characteristics of the turbine blades, a secondary flow channel for simulating internal cooling flow field characteristics of the turbine blades and an experimental section arranged at airflow outlets of the main flow channel and the secondary flow channel,
the main flow channel comprises a main flow pipeline used for inputting main flow gas to an experimental section, a main adjusting valve and a channel flowmeter used for adjusting the gas flow in the main flow pipeline, a temperature adjusting device used for adjusting the gas temperature in the main flow pipeline and a pressure stabilizing box used for stabilizing the pressure are arranged on the main flow pipeline, the main adjusting valve, the channel flowmeter, the temperature adjusting device and the pressure stabilizing box are sequentially connected, a throwing device used for throwing dry dust particles into an experimental system is arranged at the front end of the main adjusting valve, and the dry dust particles enter the experimental section along with the main flow gas;
and the turbine blade to be tested is arranged in the experiment section to carry out a deposition experiment.
2. The experimental system for determining the particle deposition site of the turbine blade as claimed in claim 1, wherein the feeding device comprises a dust container disposed outside the main flow pipeline and a grid distribution pipe connected to the dust container and disposed inside the main flow pipeline, the dry dust particles in the dust container enter the grid distribution pipe along with the input of the compressed air, and the grid distribution pipe is uniformly provided with a plurality of spray holes for uniformly distributing the dry dust particles in the main flow channel.
3. The experimental system for determining the particle deposition site of the turbine blade as claimed in claim 1, wherein the turbine blade to be measured is a simulated blade configured to simulate the structure of a real turbine blade.
4. The experimental system for determining the particle deposition site of the turbine blade as claimed in claim 1, wherein the temperature regulating device comprises an electric heater for heating the main flow gas and a thyristor power regulator for controlling the operation of the electric heater, and the thyristor power regulator can obtain the real-time temperature of the main flow gas in the main flow pipeline so as to control the operation of the electric heater in real time.
5. The experimental system for determining the particle deposition site of the turbine blade as claimed in claim 1, wherein the secondary flow channel comprises a secondary flow pipeline for inputting cooling gas to the experimental section, and a secondary flow regulating valve and a vortex shedding flowmeter for regulating the gas flow in the secondary flow channel and a thermocouple for measuring the gas temperature in the secondary flow channel are arranged on the secondary flow pipeline.
6. The system of claim 5, further comprising a data acquisition device for acquiring the flow measured by the channel flow meter and the vortex shedding flow meter and adjusting the primary regulating valve and the secondary regulating valve.
7. The experimental system for determining the particle deposition site of a turbine blade as claimed in claim 1, wherein said experimental section includes a blade channel for simulating a real working environment of a turbine blade,
the blade channel is hollow, the turbine blade to be tested is subjected to a deposition experiment in the blade channel,
the side wall of the blade channel is provided with a plurality of observation windows for observing the deposition state of the turbine blade to be measured, and the blade channel is also provided with thermocouples for measuring the airflow temperature at the front edge and the tail edge of the blade.
8. The experimental system for determining the deposition sites of the particles on the turbine blades as claimed in claim 7, wherein the experimental system further comprises a plurality of thermal infrared imagers for observing the deposition forms through observation windows, and the plurality of thermal infrared imagers are in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of observation windows.
9. An experimental method for determining a deposition site of particles on a turbine blade based on the experimental system of any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:
s1: putting dry dust solid particles into a putting device;
s2: carrying out surface adhesion treatment on the wall surface of the turbine blade to be detected;
s3: placing the processed turbine blade to be tested in an experimental section;
s4: compressed gas is introduced into the main flow channel and the secondary flow channel, and the dry dust solid particles enter the experiment section along with the gas flow in the main flow channel to carry out a deposition experiment;
s5: and observing the deposition experiment generated in the experimental section to obtain the particle deposition part of the turbine blade.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the dry dust solid particles have a particle size in the range of 1 μ ι η to 4 μ ι η; the surface roughness Ra of the turbine blade to be measured after the treatment is 1.6-3.2.
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