CN114674213A - Road icing detection system based on piezoelectric resonant sensor and detection method thereof - Google Patents
Road icing detection system based on piezoelectric resonant sensor and detection method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A road icing detection system based on a piezoelectric resonant sensor and a detection method thereof belong to the technical field of piezoelectric sensors. The invention provides a road icing detection system and a detection method thereof, which can realize automatic detection and long-distance transmission, and have high precision, low power consumption, high real-time performance and good stability. In the invention, a signal generator module circularly transmits a frequency sweeping frequency signal to a resonant piezoelectric ceramic sensor module and converts a current signal generated by vibration into an output voltage signal to be transmitted to a signal processing module; the signal processing module amplifies the output voltage, keeps the voltage peak value and transmits the voltage peak value to the singlechip module; the single chip microcomputer module obtains an initial direct current voltage signal; fixing the resonant piezoelectric ceramic sensor module on an ice surface to obtain a current direct-current voltage signal; and the single chip microcomputer module compares the initial direct-current voltage signal with the current direct-current voltage signal fixed on the ice surface to obtain the thickness of the ice layer. The method is mainly used for detecting the thickness of the ice layer of the road.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of piezoelectric sensors, and particularly relates to a road icing detection system and a detection method thereof.
Background
The expressway is rapidly built in China in more than ten years recently, the rapid development of the expressway greatly facilitates the traveling of Chinese people, and the road traffic accident rate is correspondingly increased. Among all traffic accidents, the traffic accidents caused by road icing or wet skidding account for about 70% of the total number. The friction coefficient between the road surface and the automobile tires is reduced to a certain extent by icing and water accumulation, particularly under the icing condition, the friction coefficient of the road surface is obviously reduced, the braking distance of the automobile is increased, the controllability of the automobile is reduced, the automobile is easy to slip, even serious traffic accidents are caused, and the traffic accident occurrence rate is obviously increased compared with that of a dry road surface.
The existing basic method for dealing with road disaster road conditions mainly comprises the steps of releasing information about ice and snow on roads to the public by means of weather forecast information and then adding image information, and reminding people of paying attention to adopting a reasonable driving method. However, the method has certain defects, only can be weather information with large macroscopic scale, and lacks of specific information about road conditions. For example, according to weather forecast, it is predicted that ice accumulation may occur in a certain area, but it is uncertain whether ice accumulation occurs on a certain road section at all, and people still cannot obtain accurate information. Because accurate road information cannot be obtained, more manpower is required for road administration to detect on a possibly frozen road section; meanwhile, work scheduling such as deicing also causes time delay, which results in unpredictable loss.
Therefore, a road icing detection system and a detection method thereof are needed, which can perform automatic detection and long-distance transmission, and have high precision, low power consumption, high real-time performance and good stability.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a road icing detection system and a detection method thereof, which can realize automatic detection, long-distance transmission, high precision, low power consumption, high real-time performance and good stability, aiming at the defects that the existing ice layer thickness detection system cannot realize automatic detection, and has short transmission distance, low precision, high power consumption, poor real-time performance and poor stability.
The invention relates to a road icing detection system based on a piezoelectric resonant sensor and a detection method thereof, and the technical scheme is as follows:
the invention relates to a road icing detection system based on a piezoelectric resonant sensor and a detection method thereof, wherein the road icing detection system comprises a singlechip module, a signal generator module, a resonant piezoelectric ceramic sensor module, a signal processing module, a 485 communication module, a GPRS communication module and a temperature sensor module; the utility model discloses a temperature sensor module, including single chip microcomputer module, resonant mode piezoceramics sensor module, 485 communication module, GPRS communication module, temperature sensor module, single chip microcomputer module, resonant mode piezoceramics sensor module, the frequency signal output of single chip microcomputer module is connected with signal generator module's input, signal generator module's output is connected with resonant mode piezoceramics sensor module's input, resonant mode piezoceramics sensor module's output is connected with signal processing module's input, signal processing module's output is connected with single chip microcomputer module's input, single chip microcomputer module's output and 485 communication module's input are connected, 485 communication module's output is connected with GPRS communication module's input, temperature sensor module's output and single chip microcomputer module's input are connected.
Further, the method comprises the following steps: what single chip module adopted is that AD conversion module is STM32F103RBT 6's single chip module for 32 models of bit, what signal generator module adopted is that the model is AD9834 sweep frequency signal generator, resonant mode piezoceramics sensor module adopts the model to be PZT-4's sensor, signal processing module adopts the model to be OPA 2364's amplifier, 485 communication module adopts the model to be RS 485's communication chip, GPRS communication module adopts the model to be SIM 800's GPRS communication module, temperature sensor module adopts the model to be PT 100.
The road icing detection system based on the piezoelectric resonant sensor and the detection method thereof comprise the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the signal generator module circularly transmits a frequency sweeping frequency signal to the resonant piezoelectric ceramic sensor module;
step two: the resonant piezoelectric ceramic sensor module converts a resonance signal generated by resonance of the natural frequency of the piezoelectric ceramic sensor and the received oscillation frequency into a voltage signal and transmits the voltage signal to the signal processing module;
step three: the signal processing module amplifies the voltage signal, keeps a voltage peak value and transmits the voltage peak value to the single chip microcomputer module;
Step four: the single chip microcomputer module obtains an initial direct current voltage signal;
step five: fixing the resonant piezoelectric ceramic sensor module on an ice surface, repeating the steps from the first step to the fourth step, and obtaining a current direct-current voltage signal by the singlechip module;
step six: and the single chip microcomputer module compares the initial direct current voltage signal with the current direct current voltage signal fixed on the ice surface, so that the thickness of the ice layer is obtained.
Further, the method comprises the following steps: the frequency sweep frequency signal is 0-20 KHZ.
Further, the method comprises the following steps: the temperature sensor module detects the current temperature state in real time, and if the temperature is higher than 0 ℃, the power supply of the single chip microcomputer module is cut off, so that the ice layer thickness detection system stops working.
The ice layer thickness detection system and the detection method based on the resonant piezoelectric ceramics have the beneficial effects that:
the road icing detection system based on the piezoelectric resonant sensor and the detection method thereof can automatically detect and correct the thickness of an ice layer, can realize long-distance transmission by means of GPRS (general packet radio service), achieve the effects of high precision, low power consumption and miniaturization by adopting the resonant piezoelectric ceramic sensor, can realize circular automatic detection by adopting a single chip microcomputer, have high real-time performance, can realize high-precision ice layer correction, stabilize the obtained data, synchronously display and analyze the detection result, and are suitable for remote operation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an ice thickness detection system;
FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of the single chip module;
FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of a signal generator module;
FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of a signal processing module;
fig. 5 is a circuit diagram of a 485 communication module;
fig. 6 is a circuit diagram of a GPRS communication module;
fig. 7 is a circuit diagram of a temperature sensor module.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention are further described below with reference to the following examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and any modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Example 1
The present embodiment is described with reference to fig. 1, and in the present embodiment, the road icing detection system based on a piezoelectric resonant sensor and the detection method thereof according to the present embodiment includes a single chip microcomputer module 1, a signal generator module 2, a resonant piezoelectric ceramic sensor module 3, a signal processing module 4, a 485 communication module 5, a GPRS communication module 6, and a temperature sensor module 7; the frequency signal output of single chip module 1 is connected with the input of signal generator module 2, the output of signal generator module 2 is connected with resonant mode piezoceramics sensor module 3's input, resonant mode piezoceramics sensor module 3's output is connected with signal processing circuit module 4's input, signal processing circuit module 4's output is connected with single chip module 1's input, single chip module 1's output is connected with 485 communication module 5's input, 485 communication module 5's output is connected with GPRS communication module 6's input, temperature sensor module 7's output is connected with single chip module 1's input.
The single chip microcomputer module 1 mainly has the functions of controlling the signal generator module 2 to generate a sweep frequency for the resonant piezoelectric ceramic sensor module 3, processing an analog signal through the signal processing module 4, converting the obtained analog signal into a digital signal, sending the digital signal through the 485 communication module 5 and the GPRS communication module 6, and processing temperature data obtained by the temperature sensor module 7.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 2 to 7 and embodiment 1 to describe this embodiment, in the present embodiment, a road icing detection system based on a piezoelectric resonant sensor and a detection method thereof are provided, as shown in fig. 2, the single chip microcomputer module 1 adopts an STC32F103 series single chip microcomputer, and the single chip microcomputer module 1 includes a central processing unit, a program memory, a data memory, a timing counter, a UART serial port 1, a UART serial port 2, and a high-speed a/D conversion function.
As shown in fig. 3, 4 and 5, the sweep frequency signal is transmitted from the single chip microcomputer module 1 to the AD9834 module, the frequency signal is increased from 0HZ to 20KHZ through the AD9834 module, the obtained voltage signal is sent to the signal processing module through the strain gauge, the voltage signal coming out of the strain gauge is extremely small and weak in load carrying capacity, the load carrying capacity of the signal is improved and the voltage signal is amplified through the operational amplifier OPA2364, and since the excitation is a sine wave, the voltage value at each moment is different, the finally output voltage value also changes with time, so the peak holding circuit is adopted to measure the maximum voltage value after being "held".
Since the current generated by PZT has a large dc component, which is not favorable for the subsequent processing such as amplification of the signal of the ac part, it is necessary to use dc blocking capacitors such as C22 and C25 to remove the influence of dc on the circuit. Meanwhile, as a negative power supply is not provided, in order to avoid loss of the alternating current component, the alternating current component is clamped by dividing voltage by using R10 and R17.
In the schematic diagram, if VINA+>VINA-When the voltage is larger than the voltage output by the OUTA pin, the diode D1 is conducted to charge the capacitor C28; and VINA+<VINA-When the diode D1 turns off the voltage on C28, it is not affected by it. The second OPA of OPA2364 is used later, and since the input impedance of the OPA is large, it is difficult to discharge current through it, and thus the voltage peak is maintained on capacitor C28.
As shown in fig. 5, 6 and 7, the voltage signal is amplified and the peak voltage is maintained and then transmitted to the single chip, and then transmitted to the RS485 module by the single chip, the RS485 module sends the signal to the SIM800 module according to the communication protocol after receiving the digital signal, and the SIM800 sends the received information and the temperature information transmitted by the temperature sensor to the upper computer module.
Example 3
The present embodiment is described with reference to embodiment 1, and in the present embodiment, a road icing detection system based on a piezoelectric resonant sensor and a detection method thereof according to the present embodiment include the following steps:
The method comprises the following steps: the signal generator module 2 transmits a sweep frequency signal with the frequency of 0-20KHZ to the resonant piezoelectric ceramic sensor module 3 in a circulating manner;
step two: the resonant piezoelectric ceramic sensor module 3 converts a resonance signal generated by resonance of the natural frequency of the piezoelectric ceramic sensor and the received oscillation frequency into a voltage signal, and transmits the voltage signal to the signal processing circuit module 4;
step three: the signal processing circuit module 4 amplifies the voltage signal, keeps the voltage peak value and then transmits the voltage signal to the singlechip module 1,
step four: the single chip microcomputer module 1 obtains an initial direct current voltage signal;
step five: fixing the resonant piezoelectric ceramic sensor module 3 on the ice surface, repeating the steps from the first step to the fourth step, and obtaining a current direct-current voltage signal by the singlechip module 1;
step six: the single chip microcomputer module 1 compares the initial direct current voltage signal with the current direct current voltage signal fixed on the ice surface, and therefore the ice layer thickness is obtained.
The temperature sensor module 7 detects the current temperature state in real time, and if the temperature is higher than 0 ℃, the power supply of the singlechip module 1 is cut off, so that the ice layer thickness detection system stops working.
Claims (5)
1. A road icing detection system based on a piezoelectric resonant sensor and a detection method thereof are characterized by comprising a singlechip module (1), a signal generator module (2), a resonant piezoelectric ceramic sensor module (3), a signal processing module (4), a 485 communication module (5), a GPRS communication module (6) and a temperature sensor module (7); the frequency signal output of single chip module (1) is connected with the input of signal generator module (2), the output of signal generator module (2) is connected with the input of resonant mode piezoceramics sensor module (3), the output of resonant mode piezoceramics sensor module (3) is connected with the input of signal processing module (4), the output of signal processing module (4) is connected with the input of single chip module (1), the output of single chip module (1) is connected with the input of 485 communication module (7), the output of 485 communication module (7) is connected with the input of GPRS communication module (8), the output of temperature sensor module (9) is connected with the input of single chip module (1).
2. The road icing detection system and the detection method thereof based on the piezoelectric resonant sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that what single chip microcomputer module (1) adopted is that A/D conversion module is the single chip microcomputer module of STM32F103RBT6 of model of 32 bits, what signal generator module (2) adopted is that the model is AD9834 sweep frequency signal generator, resonant piezoelectric ceramic sensor module (3) adopts the model to be PZT-4's sensor, signal processing module (4) adopts the model to be OPA 2364's amplifier, 485 communication module (7) adopts the model to be RS 485's communication chip, GPRS communication module (8) adopts the model to be SIM 800's GPRS communication module, temperature sensor module (9) adopts the model to be PT 100.
3. The piezoelectric resonant sensor-based road icing detection system and the detection method thereof based on claim 1 are characterized by comprising the following steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: the signal generator module (2) transmits frequency-sweeping frequency signals to the resonant piezoelectric ceramic sensor module (3) in a circulating mode;
step two: the resonant piezoelectric ceramic sensor module (3) converts a resonance signal generated by resonance of the natural frequency of the piezoelectric ceramic sensor and the received oscillation frequency into a voltage signal and transmits the voltage signal to the signal processing module (4);
step three: the signal processing module (4) amplifies the voltage signal, keeps the voltage peak value and transmits the voltage signal to the singlechip module (5);
step four: the single chip microcomputer module (1) obtains an initial direct current voltage signal;
step five: fixing the resonant piezoelectric ceramic sensor module (3) on an ice surface, repeating the steps from the first step to the fourth step, and obtaining a current direct-current voltage signal by the singlechip module (1);
step six: the single chip microcomputer module (1) compares the initial direct current voltage signal with the current direct current voltage signal fixed on the ice surface, and therefore the ice layer thickness is obtained;
step seven: and the 485 communication module (5) and the GPRS communication module (6) transmit the ice thickness signal to the cloud platform in real time.
4. The piezoelectric resonant sensor-based road icing detection system and the detection method thereof according to claim 3, wherein in the first step, the frequency sweeping signal is 0-20 KHZ.
5. The road icing detection system and method based on the piezoelectric resonant sensor according to claim 3, wherein the temperature sensor module (7) detects the current temperature state in real time, and if the temperature is higher than 0 ℃, the power supply of the singlechip module (1) is cut off, so that the ice layer thickness detection system stops working.
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4570881A (en) * | 1984-02-27 | 1986-02-18 | Vibro-Meter Sa | Process for detecting the likelihood of ice formation, ice warning system for carrying out the process and utilization thereof |
| CN101187575A (en) * | 2007-11-28 | 2008-05-28 | 华中科技大学 | Multi-path distributed information detection and processing device |
| CN104880142A (en) * | 2014-04-08 | 2015-09-02 | 李午 | Road icing detection device |
| CN110017800A (en) * | 2019-03-12 | 2019-07-16 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of method and device detecting icing thickness |
| CN110081807A (en) * | 2019-04-12 | 2019-08-02 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | A kind of ice layer thickness detection system and its detection method based on resonant mode piezoelectric ceramics |
| CN113340358A (en) * | 2021-07-07 | 2021-09-03 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Solar-powered contact-type road icing detection system and detection method thereof |
-
2021
- 2021-12-09 CN CN202111567295.7A patent/CN114674213A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4570881A (en) * | 1984-02-27 | 1986-02-18 | Vibro-Meter Sa | Process for detecting the likelihood of ice formation, ice warning system for carrying out the process and utilization thereof |
| CN101187575A (en) * | 2007-11-28 | 2008-05-28 | 华中科技大学 | Multi-path distributed information detection and processing device |
| CN104880142A (en) * | 2014-04-08 | 2015-09-02 | 李午 | Road icing detection device |
| CN110017800A (en) * | 2019-03-12 | 2019-07-16 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of method and device detecting icing thickness |
| CN110081807A (en) * | 2019-04-12 | 2019-08-02 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | A kind of ice layer thickness detection system and its detection method based on resonant mode piezoelectric ceramics |
| CN113340358A (en) * | 2021-07-07 | 2021-09-03 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Solar-powered contact-type road icing detection system and detection method thereof |
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