CN114673608A - Ship ammonia fuel supply system and supply method - Google Patents

Ship ammonia fuel supply system and supply method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114673608A
CN114673608A CN202210125346.9A CN202210125346A CN114673608A CN 114673608 A CN114673608 A CN 114673608A CN 202210125346 A CN202210125346 A CN 202210125346A CN 114673608 A CN114673608 A CN 114673608A
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China
Prior art keywords
ammonia
liquid
tank
gas
storage tank
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CN202210125346.9A
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Chinese (zh)
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武彦峰
刘晓明
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to CN202210125346.9A priority Critical patent/CN114673608A/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
    • F02M21/0203—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels characterised by the type of gaseous fuel
    • F02M21/0206—Non-hydrocarbon fuels, e.g. hydrogen, ammonia or carbon monoxide
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H21/00—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels
    • B63H21/38—Apparatus or methods specially adapted for use on marine vessels, for handling power plant or unit liquids, e.g. lubricants, coolants, fuels or the like
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
    • F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
    • F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F02M21/0221—Fuel storage reservoirs, e.g. cryogenic tanks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
    • F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F02M21/0227—Means to treat or clean gaseous fuels or fuel systems, e.g. removal of tar, cracking, reforming or enriching
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
    • F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F02M21/0293—Safety devices; Fail-safe measures

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Abstract

The application discloses a ship ammonia fuel supply system and a supply method, wherein the supply system comprises a liquid ammonia fuel supply system and an ammonia treatment and collection system; the liquid ammonia fuel liquid supply system comprises a liquid ammonia storage tank, a liquid supply pipeline and a liquid return pipeline, wherein a supply pump, a daily tank, a booster pump, a heater, a filter and a first BBD valve group are sequentially arranged on the liquid supply pipeline, the outlet end of the liquid supply pipeline is communicated with the ammonia fuel engine, and the liquid return pipeline is communicated with the daily tank and the ammonia fuel engine and is provided with a second BBD valve group; the ammonia collecting and processing system comprises an ammonia collecting tank and an ammonia gas reliquefaction unit, wherein the ammonia collecting tank is communicated with a liquid ammonia storage tank, the ammonia gas reliquefaction unit comprises an ammonia compressor and a cooler, the ammonia collecting tank is communicated with the liquid ammonia storage tank respectively, and a cooling outlet of the cooler is communicated with the liquid ammonia storage tank. The supply system can avoid the random emission of ammonia, ensure the safety of system equipment and reliably supply ammonia fuel on the premise of meeting the safety of human bodies and environment.

Description

Ship ammonia fuel supply system and method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ship environment protection, in particular to a ship ammonia fuel supply system and a supply method, which are used for reliably supplying ammonia fuel to a ship ammonia fuel engine on the premise of meeting the safety of human bodies and the environment.
Background
With the continuous enhancement of the international society on the carbon emission control requirement, the selection of novel low-carbon or carbon-free fuels in the shipping industry becomes inevitable. Ammonia (NH3) does not produce carbon dioxide which is a greenhouse gas when being combusted, and the production process is mature and relatively convenient to store and transport, so that the ammonia serving as a fuel for ships has great potential.
However, it should be noted that ammonia itself is toxic and if discharged at will, it will have very serious consequences and will cause considerable harm to the environment and to living beings.
Disclosure of Invention
One advantage of the present invention is to provide an ammonia fuel supply system for a ship, which can stably supply ammonia fuel to a ship engine according to predetermined parameters, and simultaneously solve various problems encountered in the process of using ammonia fuel by a ship, particularly the problem of ammonia emission, and ensure the safety of storage of a liquid ammonia storage tank and use of ammonia fuel, thereby smoothly implementing application of ammonia fuel on the ship, achieving the purpose of zero carbon emission during the operation of the ship, and having great popularization and application values.
One advantage of the present invention is to provide a marine ammonia fuel supply system, which is provided with a day tank to facilitate the supply of ammonia fuel at any time, and in addition, the ammonia fuel unused by an ammonia fuel engine can be returned to the day tank again to participate in the fuel supply again, so as to fully meet the actual operation requirement of the ammonia fuel engine, thereby ensuring the continuous and stable operation of the ammonia fuel engine.
An advantage of the present invention is to provide a ship ammonia fuel supply system, which is provided with an ammonia collection tank, during the operation of the ship ammonia fuel supply system, liquid ammonia or gaseous ammonia which is actively released and purged to the system or passively discharged due to the tripping of a safety valve can be collected in the ammonia collection tank, the liquid in the ammonia collection tank can be directly discharged into the liquid ammonia storage tank, and the gas in the ammonia collection tank can be treated by reliquefaction and discharged into the liquid ammonia storage tank, so as to ensure that ammonia gas is not discharged into the atmosphere, and to ensure the safe and stable operation of various devices of the ammonia fuel supply system.
One advantage of the present invention is to provide an ammonia fuel supply system for a ship, which is provided with an ammonia gas reliquefaction unit, wherein a gas-liquid separator is disposed on a communication pipeline between a cooling outlet of a cooler and a liquid ammonia storage tank, a liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separator is communicated with the liquid ammonia storage tank, a gas outlet of the gas-liquid separator is communicated with a diffusion tower through an ammonia water treatment tank, most of ammonia gas is liquefied after ammonia gas is reliquefied and gas-liquid separated, only a small amount of ammonia gas exists in the gas after gas-liquid separation, and the characteristic of extremely high solubility of water in ammonia gas is utilized to further absorb and treat the small amount of ammonia gas in the gas after gas-liquid separation, thereby ensuring that ammonia gas is not easily discharged into the atmosphere.
An advantage of the present invention is to provide an ammonia fuel supply system for ships, in which the parts of the liquid supply line and the liquid return line in the engine room or in the enclosed space are implemented as double-walled pipes, the inner pipes of which can be supplied with ammonia fuel, and the space between the outer pipes and the inner pipes of which can be used for mechanical ventilation, thereby preventing ammonia leakage and making the use safer.
One advantage of the present invention is to provide a method for supplying ammonia fuel to a ship, which can stably supply ammonia fuel to a ship engine according to predetermined parameters, and at the same time, solve various problems faced by the ship in the process of using ammonia fuel, especially the problem of ammonia emission, and ensure the safety of storage in a liquid ammonia storage tank and the use of ammonia fuel, thereby smoothly implementing the application of ammonia fuel to the ship, achieving the purpose of zero carbon emission in the operation process of the ship, and having great popularization and application values.
One advantage of the present invention is to provide a ship ammonia fuel supply method, which can effectively treat and discharge nitrogen mixed in a system during a pipeline purging process based on the characteristic that the dissolution rate of water to ammonia gas is very high, and can ensure that ammonia gas is not discharged into the atmosphere, so as to meet the requirements of the system under various working conditions in an actual process.
To achieve at least one of the above advantages, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a ship ammonia fuel supply system for supplying ammonia fuel to an ammonia fuel engine of a ship, wherein the ship ammonia fuel supply system comprises a liquid ammonia fuel supply system and an ammonia emission collection processing system;
wherein the liquid ammonia fuel supply system comprises:
a liquid ammonia storage tank;
a liquid supply pipeline, wherein the liquid supply pipeline is connected with the liquid ammonia storage tank and the ammonia fuel engine, a supply pump, a daily tank, a booster pump, a heater, a filter and a first BBD valve group are sequentially arranged on the liquid supply pipeline from the side of the liquid ammonia storage tank to the side of the ammonia fuel engine, the outlet end of the liquid supply pipeline is communicated with the ammonia fuel engine, a supply valve is arranged between the daily tank and the supply pump, and a liquid outlet valve is arranged between the daily tank and the booster pump; and
the ammonia fuel engine is communicated with the ammonia fuel tank through a liquid return pipeline, one end of the ammonia fuel engine is communicated with the ammonia fuel engine, the other end of the ammonia fuel engine is communicated with the domestic tank, and a second BBD valve group is arranged on the liquid return pipeline;
wherein the ammonia emission collection treatment system comprises:
the ammonia collecting tank is provided with an exhaust valve and a liquid discharge valve at the top and the bottom respectively and is communicated with the liquid ammonia storage tank through the liquid discharge valve; and
The ammonia gas reliquefaction unit comprises an ammonia compressor and a cooler which are sequentially communicated, wherein an ammonia collecting tank is communicated with the ammonia compressor through an exhaust valve, the top of a liquid ammonia storage tank is communicated with the ammonia compressor through a BOG exhaust valve, and a cooling outlet of the cooler is communicated with the liquid ammonia storage tank;
the first BBD valve group and the second BBD valve group are provided with discharge valves, so that the liquid supply pipeline and the liquid return pipeline can be respectively communicated with the ammonia collecting tank through the corresponding discharge valves.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the liquid ammonia storage tank is a C-type pressure-resistant low-temperature storage tank specified by IMO or a non-pressure-resistant low-temperature storage tank specified by IMO.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the booster pump and the filter are of redundant design, wherein the booster pump includes at least two booster pumps arranged in parallel, and the filter includes at least two filters arranged in parallel.
According to an embodiment of the invention, a pump return pipeline is further arranged on the liquid supply pipeline behind the booster pump and in front of the heater, and the other end of the pump return pipeline is communicated with the domestic tank through a return valve.
According to an embodiment of the invention, a gas-liquid separator is arranged on a communication pipeline between a cooling outlet of the cooler and the liquid ammonia storage tank, wherein a gas outlet of the gas-liquid separator is communicated with a diffusing tower through an ammonia water treatment tank, a liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separator is communicated with the liquid ammonia storage tank, and the ammonia water treatment tank is used for storing pure water for treating ammonia gas.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the domestic tank, the liquid supply pipeline and the liquid return pipeline are all provided with safety valves, and the safety valves are respectively communicated with the ammonia collecting tank through relief pipelines.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the parts of the supply line and the return line in the cabin or in the enclosed space are implemented as double-walled tubes, wherein the inner tubes of the double-walled tubes are used for the flow of ammonia fuel and the space between the inner tubes and the outer tubes of the double-walled tubes is used for ventilation.
In a second aspect, the present invention also provides a ship ammonia fuel supply method, including the following steps:
s1, extracting liquid ammonia from a liquid ammonia storage tank to a daily tank by using a supply pump, and keeping the liquid level of the liquid ammonia in the daily tank stable;
s2, extracting liquid ammonia in the daily tank, and sequentially pressurizing, heating and filtering the extracted liquid ammonia to provide ammonia fuel with preset temperature and preset pressure for the ammonia fuel engine of the ship;
s3, when part of the ammonia fuel is not used by the ammonia fuel engine, delivering the part of the unused ammonia fuel back to the day tank to participate in the ammonia fuel supply flow again;
s4, in the process from S1 to S3, collecting liquid ammonia or gaseous ammonia which is actively discharged and purged or is passively discharged due to the bounce of a safety valve into the ammonia collecting tank, discharging the liquid ammonia collected in the ammonia collecting tank into the liquid ammonia storage tank, reliquefying the gas in the ammonia collecting tank, and discharging the liquefied liquid ammonia into the liquid ammonia storage tank;
And S5, when the pressure in the liquid ammonia storage tank is increased to a preset value, re-liquefying the gas in the liquid ammonia storage tank, and discharging liquefied liquid ammonia to the liquid ammonia storage tank.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the method for supplying ammonia fuel to a ship further comprises the following steps:
s6, in the process of S4 or S5, when reliquefaction is carried out, after ammonia gas or ammonia gas containing nitrogen is compressed and cooled and liquefied in sequence, gas-liquid separation is firstly carried out, the separated ammonia liquid is discharged to the liquid ammonia storage tank, the separated gas is introduced into an ammonia water treatment tank storing pure water to dissolve the ammonia gas in the gas, other gases are discharged to the atmosphere through a diffusing tower, wherein the pressure range of gas pressurization is 5-7 bar, and the temperature range of gas cooling is-40 ℃ to-60 ℃.
These and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more fully apparent from the following detailed description.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of the ammonia fuel supply system of the present application for a marine vessel.
Detailed Description
The following description is provided to disclose the invention so as to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the invention. The preferred embodiments described below are by way of example only, and other obvious variations will occur to those skilled in the art. The basic principles of the invention, as defined in the following description, may be applied to other embodiments, variations, modifications, equivalents, and other technical solutions without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that in the disclosure of the specification, the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those illustrated in the drawings, which are merely for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and, therefore, the terms should not be construed as limiting the invention.
It is understood that the terms "a" and "an" should be interpreted as meaning "at least one" or "one or more," i.e., that a quantity of one element may be one in one embodiment, while a quantity of another element may be plural in other embodiments, and the terms "a" and "an" should not be interpreted as limiting the quantity.
Referring to fig. 1, a ship ammonia fuel supply system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below, wherein the ship ammonia fuel supply system is used to supply ammonia fuel to an ammonia fuel engine 29 of a ship. The ammonia fuel engine 29 uses ammonia as fuel to provide propulsion power for the ship, and combustion products are nitrogen oxides and water, so that carbon emission in the operation process of the ship is thoroughly eliminated, and the ship can meet all future carbon emission control requirements.
Specifically, the ship ammonia fuel supply system comprises a liquid ammonia fuel supply system and an ammonia emission collection and treatment system.
The liquid ammonia fuel liquid supply system comprises a liquid ammonia storage tank 100, a liquid supply pipeline and a liquid return pipeline, wherein the liquid supply pipeline is connected with the liquid ammonia storage tank 100 and the ammonia fuel engine 29, a supply pump 11, a daily tank 200, a booster pump 23, a heater 25, a filter 26 and a first BBD valve set 27-1 are sequentially arranged on the liquid supply pipeline from the liquid ammonia storage tank 100 side to the ammonia fuel engine 29 side, an outlet end of the liquid supply pipeline is communicated with the ammonia fuel engine 29, a supply valve 21 is arranged between the daily tank 200 and the supply pump 11, and a liquid outlet valve 22 is arranged between the daily tank 200 and the booster pump 23;
one end of the liquid return pipeline is communicated with the ammonia fuel engine 29, the other end of the liquid return pipeline is communicated with the daily tank 200, and meanwhile, a second BBD valve group 27-2 is arranged on the liquid return pipeline.
The liquid ammonia storage tank 100 has no special pressure requirement, and may be a C-type pressure-resistant low-temperature storage tank specified by IMO, or a non-pressure-resistant low-temperature storage tank specified by IMO, such as an a-type, a B-type or other non-pressure-resistant low-temperature storage tank, and the liquid ammonia storage tank 100 is provided with a heat-insulating layer for storing low-temperature liquid ammonia fuel. In addition, the liquid ammonia storage tank 100 is further provided with a liquid level monitoring device, a pressure monitoring device, a temperature monitoring device and the like for monitoring the liquid level, the pressure and the temperature in the liquid ammonia storage tank, in addition, the liquid ammonia storage tank 100 can be designed into different capacities and sizes according to the length of a ship voyage and the amount of ammonia fuel required to be carried, the liquid ammonia storage tank can be arranged on an open deck of a ship or in a cabin below the deck, and the heat insulation performance of the liquid ammonia storage tank meets the design requirements; in addition, a safety valve is further provided on the liquid ammonia tank 100 for overpressure protection.
The supply pump 11 may be disposed inside the liquid ammonia tank 100 or outside the liquid ammonia tank 100 to draw the liquid ammonia fuel and deliver it into the day tank 200 through the supply valve 21, and maintain the liquid ammonia level in the day tank 200 stable. The domestic tank 200 is also provided with monitoring elements such as liquid level and temperature, protection equipment such as a safety valve and an air release valve, and is also coated with a heat insulation layer to meet the daily supply requirement of ammonia fuel. The supply valve 21 can cut off the supply of ammonia fuel to the outside of the liquid ammonia tank 100 when required for the function and safety, keeping the liquid ammonia tank 100 relatively isolated.
The day tank 200 is connected with the booster pump 23 through the liquid outlet valve 22, wherein the liquid outlet valve 22 can be closed as required, and the ammonia fuel supply to the outside of the day tank 200 is cut off. The liquid ammonia fuel required by the operation of the ammonia fuel engine 29 is firstly pressurized by the booster pump 23 to reach the pressure required by the ammonia fuel engine 29, then heated by the heater 25 to reach the temperature required by the ammonia fuel engine 29, then filtered by the filter 26 to remove impurities therein so as to ensure the cleanliness of the fuel, and finally enters the ammonia fuel engine 29 through the first BBD valve bank 27-1. If a part of the ammonia fuel is not used by the ammonia fuel engine 29, the unused part of the ammonia fuel is delivered back to the day tank 200 through the liquid return line to participate in the ammonia fuel supply process again, and meanwhile, the liquid return line is provided with a second BBD valve set 27-2. When the ammonia fuel engine 29 performs fuel switching, purging or other safety protection actions are triggered, the first BBD valve group 27-1 and the second BBD valve group 27-2 can respectively block liquid ammonia fuel in the liquid supply pipeline and the liquid return pipeline, and ensure the safety of the system.
The ammonia emission collection processing system comprises an ammonia collection tank 300 and an ammonia gas reliquefaction unit 34, wherein the ammonia collection tank 300 is provided with an exhaust valve 32 at the top and a drain valve 31 at the bottom, and is communicated with the liquid ammonia storage tank 100 through the drain valve 31 so as to directly discharge collected liquid ammonia into the liquid ammonia storage tank 100 for continuous use as fuel. And the ammonia gas reliquefaction plant 34 comprises an ammonia compressor 34-1 and a cooler 34-2 which are communicated in sequence, wherein the ammonia collecting tank 300 is communicated with the ammonia compressor 34-1 through the exhaust valve 32 so as to be capable of compressing the gas discharged from the ammonia collecting tank 300; in addition, the top of the liquid ammonia storage tank 100 is communicated with the ammonia compressor 34-1 through a BOG vent valve 33 so as to compress BOG gas of the liquid ammonia storage tank 100, and the cooling outlet of the cooler 34-2 is communicated with the liquid ammonia storage tank 100, so that the compressed and liquefied liquid ammonia can be recovered into the liquid ammonia storage tank 100 and used as fuel again. Therefore, the ammonia gas BOG in the liquid ammonia storage tank 100 or the ammonia gas in the ammonia collection tank 300 can be treated, so that the liquid ammonia storage tank 100 is not overpressurized, the method is safer, any possible escape of the ammonia gas is avoided, and the waste of ammonia fuel can be effectively reduced.
In addition, the first BBD valve set 27-1 on the liquid supply line and the second BBD valve set 27-2 on the liquid return line both have a relief valve, so that the liquid supply line and the liquid return line can both communicate with the ammonia collection tank 300 through the relief valves. Meanwhile, safety valves are arranged on the day tank 200, the liquid supply pipeline and the liquid return pipeline, and are respectively communicated with the ammonia collecting tank 300 through relief pipelines, so that any possible pressure build-up on the day tank 200, the liquid supply pipeline and the liquid return pipeline can be released through relief of the safety valves to ensure the safety, and any possible ammonia gas leakage can be avoided.
It is worth mentioning that the number of safety valves is not limited, and any safety valve will be deployed in any pressure vessel or pressure pipe, in any location where safety needs to be ensured and where a pressure build-up may occur, the safety valves all being connected to the ammonia collection tank 300 via a dump line. When the safety valve is tripped, the discharged ammonia gas is all collected in the ammonia collecting tank 300, thus fundamentally avoiding the uncontrolled discharge of the ammonia gas.
As a preferred embodiment, the booster pump 23 and the filter 26 are of redundant design, wherein the booster pump 23 comprises at least two booster pumps arranged in parallel, and the filter 26 comprises at least two filters arranged in parallel. Therefore, when any one of the booster pump 23 and the filter 26 fails or needs maintenance in the operation process, the system can be switched to a standby booster pump or filter, and the continuous safe and stable operation of the system can be effectively ensured.
As a preferred embodiment, a pump return line is further disposed on the liquid supply line after the boost pump 23 and before the heater 25, and the other end of the pump return line is connected to the day tank 200 through a return valve 24, so as to return the ammonia fuel, which is boosted by the boost pump 23 but exceeds the amount of the ammonia fuel engine 29, to the day tank 200, thereby ensuring the safe and stable operation of the boost pump 23.
It is worth mentioning that the line inerting purge is usually considered to be performed using nitrogen. Thus, after purging is complete, a portion of the nitrogen will be present in the ammonia collection tank 300. In addition, since the condensation point of nitrogen is lower relative to that of ammonia, the condensation point of pure nitrogen is-196 ℃ and that of pure ammonia is-33.5 ℃. Therefore, after the mixed gas of nitrogen and ammonia is pressurized to 5bar-7bar by the compressor 34-1 and then cooled to-40 ℃ to-60 ℃ by the cooler 34-2, the liquefied part in the mixed gas is basically liquid ammonia, and only trace nitrogen possibly exists in the liquid and can be directly discharged into the liquid ammonia storage tank 100; the part of the gas mixture that is not liquefied is mostly nitrogen and may still contain a small amount of ammonia, and the content of ammonia is controlled within an acceptable range, for example, within 10% by adjusting the parameters of compression and temperature reduction, and the part of ammonia can be removed by further treatment because the total amount of ammonia is very low.
Therefore, as a preferred embodiment, a gas-liquid separator 35 is disposed on a communication pipeline between the cooling outlet of the cooler 34-2 and the liquid ammonia tank 100, wherein the liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separator 35 is communicated with the liquid ammonia storage tank 100, so that the separated liquid ammonia can be directly discharged into the liquid ammonia storage tank 100, the gas outlet of the gas-liquid separator 35 is communicated with a diffusing tower 37 through an ammonia water treatment tank 36, wherein the ammonia water treatment tank 36 stores pure water, because the water has extremely high dissolution rate to ammonia gas, therefore, the gas separated by the gas-liquid separator 35 is treated by the ammonia water treatment tank 36, most of ammonia gas is dissolved in water, and the remaining gas contains substantially no ammonia gas, or only a trace amount of ammonia gas exists, and the residual gas can be directly discharged to the atmosphere through the diffusing tower 37 without causing adverse effects on the external environment and organisms. The ammonia water generated after the exhaust gas is treated in the ammonia water treatment tank 36 can be used for treating nitrogen oxides generated by the combustion of the ammonia fuel engine 29.
It is further preferred that the parts of the liquid supply line and the liquid return line in the cabin or in the enclosed space are implemented as double-walled tubes 28, which prevent ammonia leakage and are safer to use, wherein the inner tubes of the double-walled tubes 28 are available for ammonia fuel flow and the space between the outer tubes and the inner tubes of the double-walled tubes 28 is available for mechanical ventilation. Any possible ammonia leakage in the pipeline can be extracted and discharged to the place where the air circulates, so that the possibility of explosion or the danger to personnel is avoided.
The application also provides a ship ammonia fuel supply method, which comprises the following steps:
s1, extracting liquid ammonia from a liquid ammonia storage tank to a daily tank through a supply valve by using a supply pump, and keeping the liquid level of the liquid ammonia in the daily tank stable;
s2, extracting liquid ammonia in the daily tank through a liquid outlet valve, and sequentially pressurizing, heating and filtering the extracted liquid ammonia to provide ammonia fuel with preset temperature and preset pressure for the ship ammonia fuel engine;
s3, when part of ammonia fuel is not used by the ammonia fuel engine, the unused ammonia fuel is conveyed back to the daily tank to participate in the ammonia fuel supply process again, the requirement of the ammonia fuel engine can be met according to the actual operation condition, and the stable and efficient operation of the ammonia fuel engine is ensured;
s4, in the process from S1 to S3, the collection system actively discharges and purges, or liquid ammonia or gas ammonia passively discharged due to the jump of a safety valve is discharged into the ammonia collection tank, the liquid ammonia in the ammonia collection tank is discharged into the liquid ammonia storage tank, the gas in the ammonia collection tank is liquefied again, and the liquefied liquid ammonia is discharged into the liquid ammonia storage tank, so that the ammonia fuel is not easily discharged to the atmosphere in the actual operation process, the system safety can be ensured, and the ammonia fuel resource is saved;
S5, when the pressure in the liquid ammonia storage tank is increased to a preset value, the gas in the liquid ammonia storage tank is liquefied again, and the liquefied liquid ammonia is discharged to the liquid ammonia storage tank, so that the pressure resistance requirement of the system on the liquid ammonia storage tank can be reduced, and the safe and stable operation of the system can be ensured; .
Further preferably, the ship ammonia fuel supply method further includes the steps of:
in the process of step S4 or S5, when the reliquefaction process is performed, after the ammonia gas or the ammonia gas containing nitrogen is compressed and cooled and liquefied in sequence, gas-liquid separation is performed first, the separated ammonia liquid is discharged to the liquid ammonia storage tank, the separated gas is introduced into an ammonia water treatment tank in which pure water is stored, the ammonia gas in the gas is dissolved in water, and other gases are discharged to the atmosphere through a dispersion tower, wherein the pressure range of the compressor for pressurizing the gas is 5 to 7bar, and the temperature range of the cooler for cooling the gas is-40 ℃ to-60 ℃. Thus, nitrogen mixed in the pipeline purging process of the system is effectively separated and treated, the nitrogen is discharged in time, and ammonia gas can be still prevented from being discharged into the atmosphere, so that the requirements of the system under various working conditions in the actual process are met.
It should be noted that the terms "first" and "second" in the present invention are used for descriptive purposes only, do not denote any order, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying any relative importance, and these terms may be interpreted as names.
It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the embodiments of the invention described above and shown in the drawings are given by way of example only and are not limiting of the invention. The advantages of the present invention have been fully and effectively realized. The functional and structural principles of the present invention have been shown and described in the examples, and any variations or modifications of the embodiments of the present invention may be made without departing from the principles.

Claims (9)

1. A ship ammonia fuel supply system for supplying ammonia fuel to an ammonia fuel engine of a ship, characterized by comprising a liquid ammonia fuel supply system and an ammonia emission collection processing system;
wherein the liquid ammonia fuel supply system comprises:
a liquid ammonia storage tank;
a liquid supply pipeline, wherein the liquid supply pipeline is connected with the liquid ammonia storage tank and the ammonia fuel engine, a supply pump, a daily tank, a booster pump, a heater, a filter and a first BBD valve group are sequentially arranged on the liquid supply pipeline from the side of the liquid ammonia storage tank to the side of the ammonia fuel engine, the outlet end of the liquid supply pipeline is communicated with the ammonia fuel engine, a supply valve is arranged between the daily tank and the supply pump, and a liquid outlet valve is arranged between the daily tank and the booster pump; and
The ammonia fuel engine is communicated with the ammonia fuel tank through a liquid return pipeline, one end of the ammonia fuel engine is communicated with the ammonia fuel tank, the other end of the ammonia fuel engine is communicated with the domestic tank, and a second BBD valve group is arranged on the liquid return pipeline;
wherein the ammonia emission collection treatment system comprises:
the ammonia collecting tank is provided with an exhaust valve and a drain valve at the top and the bottom respectively, and is communicated with the liquid ammonia storage tank through the drain valve; and
the ammonia gas reliquefaction unit comprises an ammonia compressor and a cooler which are sequentially communicated, wherein an ammonia collecting tank is communicated with the ammonia compressor through an exhaust valve, the top of a liquid ammonia storage tank is communicated with the ammonia compressor through a BOG exhaust valve, and a cooling outlet of the cooler is communicated with the liquid ammonia storage tank;
the first BBD valve group and the second BBD valve group are provided with discharge valves, so that the liquid supply pipeline and the liquid return pipeline can be respectively communicated with the ammonia collecting tank through the corresponding discharge valves.
2. The marine ammonia fuel supply system according to claim 1, wherein the liquid ammonia tank is an IMO-specified C-type pressure-resistant cryogenic tank or an IMO-specified non-pressure-resistant cryogenic tank.
3. The marine ammonia fuel supply system of claim 1, wherein said booster pump and said filter are of redundant design, wherein said booster pump comprises at least two booster pumps arranged in parallel, and said filter comprises at least two filters arranged in parallel.
4. The ammonia fuel supply system for a ship according to claim 1, wherein a pump return line is further provided on the liquid supply line after the booster pump and before the heater, and the other end of the pump return line is connected to the day tank through a return valve.
5. The ammonia fuel supply system for ships according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a gas-liquid separator is provided on a communication pipeline between the cooling outlet of the cooler and the liquid ammonia storage tank, wherein a gas outlet of the gas-liquid separator is communicated with a dispersion tower through an ammonia water treatment tank, and a liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separator is communicated with the liquid ammonia storage tank, wherein the ammonia water treatment tank is used for storing pure water for treating ammonia gas.
6. The marine ammonia fuel supply system according to claim 5, wherein the day tank, the liquid supply line, and the liquid return line are provided with safety valves, and the safety valves are respectively communicated with the ammonia collecting tank through relief lines.
7. Marine vessel ammonia fuel supply system according to claim 6, characterised in that the parts of the supply line and the return line in the cabin or in the enclosed space are embodied as double-walled tubes, wherein the inner tubes of the double-walled tubes are used for ammonia fuel flow and the space between the inner tubes and the outer tubes of the double-walled tubes is used for ventilation.
8. A method for supplying ammonia fuel to a ship, comprising the steps of:
s1, extracting liquid ammonia from a liquid ammonia storage tank to a daily tank by using a supply pump, and keeping the liquid level of the liquid ammonia in the daily tank stable;
s2, extracting liquid ammonia in the daily tank, and sequentially pressurizing, heating and filtering the extracted liquid ammonia to provide ammonia fuel with preset temperature and preset pressure for the ammonia fuel engine of the ship;
s3, when part of the ammonia fuel is not used by the ammonia fuel engine, delivering the part of the unused ammonia fuel back to the day tank to participate in the ammonia fuel supply flow again;
s4, in the process from S1 to S3, collecting liquid ammonia or gaseous ammonia which is actively released and purged or is passively discharged due to the bounce of a safety valve into the ammonia collecting tank, discharging the liquid ammonia collected in the ammonia collecting tank into the liquid ammonia storage tank, reliquefying the gas in the ammonia collecting tank, and discharging the liquefied liquid ammonia into the liquid ammonia storage tank;
and S5, when the pressure in the liquid ammonia storage tank is increased to a preset value, re-liquefying the gas in the liquid ammonia storage tank, and discharging liquefied liquid ammonia to the liquid ammonia storage tank.
9. The marine ammonia fuel supply method according to claim 8, further comprising the steps of:
s6, in the process of S4 or S5, when reliquefaction is carried out, after ammonia gas or ammonia gas containing nitrogen is compressed and cooled and liquefied in sequence, gas-liquid separation is firstly carried out, the separated liquid ammonia is discharged to the liquid ammonia storage tank, the separated gas is introduced into an ammonia water treatment tank storing pure water so as to dissolve the ammonia gas in the gas, other gases are discharged to the atmosphere through a diffusing tower, wherein the pressure range for pressurizing the gas is 5-7 bar, and the temperature range for cooling the gas is-40 ℃ to-60 ℃.
CN202210125346.9A 2022-02-10 2022-02-10 Ship ammonia fuel supply system and supply method Pending CN114673608A (en)

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115075997A (en) * 2022-06-29 2022-09-20 青岛双瑞海洋环境工程股份有限公司 Ship liquid ammonia supply system and ship
CN115092372A (en) * 2022-06-30 2022-09-23 广船国际有限公司 Ship
CN115126627A (en) * 2022-07-22 2022-09-30 青岛科技大学 Marine liquid ammonia fuel storage and supply system and use method
CN115228289A (en) * 2022-07-27 2022-10-25 青岛双瑞海洋环境工程股份有限公司 Ship liquid ammonia supply and tail gas denitration integrated system and ship
WO2024032899A1 (en) * 2022-08-12 2024-02-15 Man Energy Solutions, Filial Af Man Energy Solutions Se, Tyskland A large turbocharged two-stroke uniflow crosshead internal combustion engine
WO2024032900A1 (en) * 2022-08-12 2024-02-15 Man Energy Solutions, Filial Af Man Energy Solutions Se, Tyskland A large turbocharged two-stroke uniflow crosshead internal combustion engine

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115075997A (en) * 2022-06-29 2022-09-20 青岛双瑞海洋环境工程股份有限公司 Ship liquid ammonia supply system and ship
CN115092372A (en) * 2022-06-30 2022-09-23 广船国际有限公司 Ship
CN115126627A (en) * 2022-07-22 2022-09-30 青岛科技大学 Marine liquid ammonia fuel storage and supply system and use method
CN115126627B (en) * 2022-07-22 2023-09-12 青岛科技大学 Marine liquid ammonia fuel storage and supply system and application method
CN115228289A (en) * 2022-07-27 2022-10-25 青岛双瑞海洋环境工程股份有限公司 Ship liquid ammonia supply and tail gas denitration integrated system and ship
CN115228289B (en) * 2022-07-27 2024-05-28 青岛双瑞海洋环境工程股份有限公司 Ship liquid ammonia supply and tail gas denitration integrated system and ship
WO2024032899A1 (en) * 2022-08-12 2024-02-15 Man Energy Solutions, Filial Af Man Energy Solutions Se, Tyskland A large turbocharged two-stroke uniflow crosshead internal combustion engine
WO2024032900A1 (en) * 2022-08-12 2024-02-15 Man Energy Solutions, Filial Af Man Energy Solutions Se, Tyskland A large turbocharged two-stroke uniflow crosshead internal combustion engine

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