CN114673234A - Negative pressure collecting method for rural sewage - Google Patents
Negative pressure collecting method for rural sewage Download PDFInfo
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- CN114673234A CN114673234A CN202210366758.1A CN202210366758A CN114673234A CN 114673234 A CN114673234 A CN 114673234A CN 202210366758 A CN202210366758 A CN 202210366758A CN 114673234 A CN114673234 A CN 114673234A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F1/00—Methods, systems, or installations for draining-off sewage or storm water
- E03F1/006—Pneumatic sewage disposal systems; accessories specially adapted therefore
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F3/00—Sewer pipe-line systems
- E03F3/02—Arrangement of sewer pipe-lines or pipe-line systems
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F3/00—Sewer pipe-line systems
- E03F3/04—Pipes or fittings specially adapted to sewers
Abstract
The invention discloses a negative pressure collecting method for rural sewage, which is provided with a negative pressure collecting device for collecting the rural sewage, wherein the negative pressure collecting device comprises a vacuum collecting tank, the vacuum collecting tank is connected with a collecting unit through a negative pressure pipe, and the collecting unit consists of a gravity drain pipe, a sewage collecting well and a vacuum interface valve; the upper part of the vacuum collection tank is connected with a vacuum pump, and the lower part of the vacuum collection tank is connected with a sewage pump; generating a first control parameter of a sewage pump, a second control parameter of a vacuum pump and an effective volume of a vacuum collection tank based on the daily domestic sewage amount in rural areas; collecting domestic sewage quantity, and controlling a negative pressure collecting device to collect rural sewage by adjusting a first control parameter, a second control parameter and an effective volume; the device provided by the invention can effectively reduce the laying depth of the sewage pipeline, is easy to implement engineering, has low investment and good pipeline sealing performance, can effectively avoid sewage leakage, and is beneficial to the operation and management of a sewage collecting pipe network.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rural sewage treatment, in particular to a negative pressure collecting method for rural sewage.
Background
With the popularization of rural water supply and the improvement of the living standard of people, the discharge amount of rural domestic sewage is continuously increased, the improvement of a rural sewage collecting and treating system is an important measure for ensuring the safety of rural water environment and preventing water pollution, in rural areas, the living is relatively dispersed, the terrain change is large, rivers are more, if a traditional gravity collecting mode is adopted, the pipeline implementation is difficult, the engineering investment is large, compared with urban domestic sewage, the rural domestic sewage has the advantages of small water amount, dispersion in discharge, complex water quality, larger difference of water quality and water amount along with the change of areas and time, most of the sewage in dry days directly permeates into the ground, the sewage cannot be collected, and the sewage overflows seriously due to rainwater permeation in rainy days, so that the problem of how to effectively collect the rural sewage is urgently needed to be solved under the conditions of dispersed living and large terrain change.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the prior technical problems, the invention aims to provide a negative pressure collecting method for rural sewage, which can overcome the defects of large buried depth of a pipeline, difficult operation and maintenance and dispersed rural living in the traditional gravity drainage system.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the application provides a negative pressure collecting method for rural sewage,
the method comprises the following steps that a negative pressure collecting device for collecting rural sewage is arranged, wherein the negative pressure collecting device comprises a vacuum collecting tank, the vacuum collecting tank is connected with a collecting unit through a negative pressure pipe, and the collecting unit consists of a gravity drainage pipe, a sewage collecting well and a vacuum interface valve; the upper part of the vacuum collection tank is connected with a vacuum pump, and the lower part of the vacuum collection tank is connected with a sewage pump;
based on the daily domestic sewage amount in rural areas, the effective volume of the sewage collecting well, the effective length of the negative pressure pipe, the vacuum degree range of the negative pressure collecting device and the fluid pressure loss are obtained;
generating a first control parameter of a sewage pump based on the domestic sewage amount, a second control parameter of a vacuum pump based on the domestic sewage amount, and an effective volume of a vacuum collection tank based on the domestic sewage amount based on the effective volume, the effective length, the vacuum degree range, and the fluid pressure loss;
the domestic sewage amount is collected, and the negative pressure collecting device is controlled by adjusting the first control parameter, the second control parameter and the effective volume to collect the rural sewage.
Preferably, in the process of obtaining the effective volume of the sewage collecting well, the effective volume is generated according to the effective volume of a sewage area, the effective volume of a sludge area and the effective volume of a valve area of the sewage collecting well;
the equation for the effective volume is expressed as:
V＝α(V1+V2)+V3
wherein V represents the effective volume of the well, and alpha represents a safety factor; v1Represents the effective volume of the sewage area, V2Represents the effective volume, V, of the sludge zone3Representing the effective volume of the valve area.
Preferably, in the process of generating the effective volume, the equation expression of the effective volume of the sewage area is as follows:
wherein n represents the number of designets of the sewage collecting well, and q represents the number of designets of the sewage collecting well1Represents the daily sewage quantity t of each person1Indicating the residence time of the sewage in the sewage collection well.
Preferably, in the process of generating the effective volume, the equation expression of the effective volume of the sludge area is as follows:
wherein q is2Represents the daily sludge amount of each person, t2Indicating sewage collectionAnd (3) the sludge elutriation period of the collecting well, b represents the water content of fresh sludge, m represents the sludge remaining rate after elutriation, and c represents the water content of concentrated sludge in the sewage collecting well.
Preferably, in the process of obtaining the fluid pressure loss, the fluid pressure loss comprises static lifting loss and friction loss, wherein the static lifting loss is used for representing the loss caused by negative work done by sewage gravity, the negative pressure pipe is a pressure circular pipe, and the friction loss is along-the-way head loss;
the equation for static lift loss is expressed as:
wherein h issRepresents the static lift loss, h, of each riser sectiontRepresenting each riser section; d represents the inner diameter of the pipe, e represents the number of pipes of the lifting section;
the equation for the friction loss is expressed as:
wherein h isfRepresenting head loss on the way, L representing the length of the pipe, Q representing the flow, d representing the pipe diameter.
Preferably, in acquiring the vacuum degree range, the first vacuum degree of the negative pressure collecting device satisfies the following formula:
PH≥PL+hH-L
hH-L＝hsH-L+hfH-L
wherein, PHDenotes the first upper limit of vacuum, PLDenotes the lower limit of the first degree of vacuum, hsO-LRepresents the static lift loss between the far end most point of disadvantage and the near end most point of disadvantage, hfO-LIndicating the most distant endFrictional losses from the point of weakness to the most proximal point of weakness, QminRepresents the minimum flow of the sewage main pipe, hH-LIndicating the pressure loss between the most unfavorable point at the far end and the most unfavorable point at the near end, d indicating the pipe diameter of the sewage main pipe, hsH-LRepresents the loss along the way from the negative pressure collection tank to the most unfavorable point of the near end, hfH-LRepresents the friction loss between the negative pressure collection tank and the most unfavorable point of the near end, LO-LIndicating the length of the conduit from the distal most point of disadvantage to the proximal most point of disadvantage.
Preferably, in the process of obtaining the effective length, the equation of the effective length is expressed as:
Li≥PH-hO-i
wherein L isiRepresents the effective length of the ith collector well connecting casing, hO-iIndicating the pressure loss between the ith sewage collection well to the vacuum station.
Preferably, in the process of generating the first control parameter, the first control parameter is generated according to the flow rate of the sewage pump;
the equation expression of the process is:
wherein Q isdpIndicating the design flow of the sewage pump, QminRepresents the minimum design flow, V, of the negative pressure pipelineminThe minimum design flow rate of the negative pressure pipeline is shown, d shows the pipe diameter of the negative pressure main pipe, and beta shows a safety coefficient which is 1.5.
Preferably, in the process of obtaining the effective volume, the effective volume is generated according to the design flow of the sewage pump, and the expression of the effective volume is as follows:
Vw＝5Qdp×60。
preferably, in the process of obtaining the second control parameter of the vacuum pump, the second vacuum degree at the suction port of the vacuum pump is determined according to the vacuum degree and the pressure drop of the inlet pipeline of the vacuum pump;
based on the second vacuum degree, acquiring the air leakage amount and the process material air extraction amount of the negative pressure collecting device, generating the total air extraction amount of the vacuum pump, and generating the air extraction rate of the negative pressure collecting device;
and generating a second control parameter according to the first control parameter and the effective volume based on the first vacuum degree and the pumping speed.
The invention discloses the following technical effects:
the invention adopts the negative pressure pipeline to collect sewage, the negative pressure pipeline is buried deeply without laying at a certain gradient, the laying depth of the sewage pipeline can be effectively reduced, the engineering implementation is easy, the investment is low, the pipeline sealing performance is good, the sewage leakage can be effectively avoided, and the operation and the management of a sewage collecting pipe network are facilitated.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of the process of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a graph of the delivery flow rate per kilometer head loss values for pipes of different pipe diameters in accordance with the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application, generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, can be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present application without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
As shown in fig. 1-4, the invention provides a negative pressure collecting method for rural sewage, which is characterized in that,
the method comprises the following steps that a negative pressure collecting device for collecting rural sewage is arranged, wherein the negative pressure collecting device comprises a vacuum collecting tank, the vacuum collecting tank is connected with a collecting unit through a negative pressure pipe, and the collecting unit consists of a gravity drainage pipe, a sewage collecting well and a vacuum interface valve; the upper part of the vacuum collection tank is connected with a vacuum pump, and the lower part of the vacuum collection tank is connected with a sewage pump;
based on the daily domestic sewage amount in rural areas, the effective volume of the sewage collecting well, the effective length of the negative pressure pipe, the vacuum degree range of the negative pressure collecting device and the fluid pressure loss are obtained;
generating a first control parameter of the sewage pump based on the domestic sewage amount, a second control parameter of the vacuum pump based on the domestic sewage amount, and an effective volume of the vacuum collection tank based on the domestic sewage amount based on the effective volume, the effective length, the vacuum degree range, and the fluid pressure loss;
the domestic sewage amount is collected, and the negative pressure collecting device is controlled by adjusting the first control parameter, the second control parameter and the effective volume to collect the rural sewage.
Further preferably, in the process of acquiring the effective volume of the sewage collecting well, the effective volume is generated according to the effective volume of a sewage area, the effective volume of a sludge area and the effective volume of a valve area of the sewage collecting well;
the equation for the effective volume is expressed as:
V＝α(V1+V2)+V3
wherein V represents the effective volume of the well, and alpha represents a safety factor; v1Represents the effective volume of the sewage area, V2Represents the effective volume, V, of the sludge zone3Representing the effective volume of the valve area.
Further preferably, in the process of generating the effective volume, the equation expression of the effective volume of the sewage area is as follows:
wherein n represents the number of designets of the sewage collecting well, and q represents the number of designets of the sewage collecting well1Represents the daily sewage quantity t of each person1Indicating the residence time of the sewage in the sewage collection well.
Further preferably, in the process of generating the effective volume, the equation expression of the effective volume of the sludge area is as follows:
wherein q is2Represents the daily sludge amount of each person, t2The method comprises the steps of representing a sludge elutriation period of a sewage collection well, b representing the water content of fresh sludge, m representing the sludge remaining rate after elutriation, and c representing the water content of concentrated sludge in the sewage collection well.
Further preferably, in the process of obtaining the fluid pressure loss, the fluid pressure loss includes static lifting loss and friction loss, wherein the static lifting loss is used for representing the loss caused by negative work done by sewage gravity, the negative pressure pipe is a pressure circular pipe, and the friction loss is along-the-way head loss;
the equation for static lift loss is expressed as:
wherein h issRepresents the static lift loss, h, of each riser sectiontRepresenting each riser section; d represents the inner diameter of the pipe, e represents the number of pipes of the lifting section;
the equation for the friction loss is expressed as:
wherein h isfRepresenting head loss on the way, L representing the length of the pipe, Q representing the flow, d representing the pipe diameter.
Further preferably, in the acquiring of the vacuum degree range, the first vacuum degree of the negative pressure collecting device satisfies the following formula:
PH≥pL+hH-L
hH-L＝hsH-L+hfH-L
wherein, PHDenotes the upper limit of the first degree of vacuum, PLDenotes the lower limit of the first degree of vacuum, hsO-LRepresents the static lift loss between the far end most point of disadvantage and the near end most point of disadvantage, hfO-LRepresenting the frictional loss, Q, between the distal most point of weakness and the proximal most point of weaknessminRepresents the minimum flow of the sewage main pipe, hH-LIndicating the pressure loss between the most unfavorable point at the far end and the most unfavorable point at the near end, d indicating the pipe diameter of the sewage main pipe, hsH-LRepresents the loss along the way from the negative pressure collection tank to the most unfavorable point of the near end, hfH-LIndicating the friction loss between the negative pressure collection canister to the proximal most unfavorable point, LO-LIndicating the length of the conduit from the distal most point to the proximal most point.
Preferably, in the process of obtaining the effective length, the equation of the effective length is expressed as:
Li≥PH-hO-i
wherein L isiRepresents the effective length of the ith collector well connecting casing, hO-iIndicating the pressure loss between the ith sewage collection well to the vacuum station.
Further preferably, in the process of generating the first control parameter, the first control parameter is generated according to the flow rate of the sewage pump;
the equation expression of the process is as follows:
wherein Q isdpIndicating the design flow of the sewage pump, QminIndicating minimum design flow, V, of the negative pressure pipeminThe minimum design flow rate of the negative pressure pipeline is shown, d shows the pipe diameter of the negative pressure main pipe, beta shows the safety factor, and the safety factor is 1.5.
Further preferably, in the process of obtaining the effective volume, the effective volume is generated according to the design flow of the sewage pump, and the expression of the effective volume is as follows:
Vw＝5Qdp×60。
further preferably, in the process of obtaining the second control parameter of the vacuum pump, the second vacuum degree at the suction port of the vacuum pump is determined according to the vacuum degree and the pressure drop of the inlet pipeline of the vacuum pump;
based on the second vacuum degree, acquiring the air leakage amount and the process material air extraction amount of the negative pressure collecting device, generating the total air extraction amount of the vacuum pump, and generating the air extraction rate of the negative pressure collecting device;
and generating a second control parameter according to the first control parameter and the effective volume based on the first vacuum degree and the pumping speed.
The invention aims to provide a negative pressure collecting device for rural sewage, which can overcome the defects of large buried depth of a pipeline, difficult operation and maintenance and dispersed rural living in a traditional gravity drainage system. This device mainly includes vacuum collection tank, its characterized in that: the vacuum tank is connected with a collecting unit, the vacuum tank is connected with the collecting unit through a negative pressure pipe, the collecting unit is formed by connecting a gravity drain pipe, a sewage collecting well and a vacuum interface valve, the upper part of the vacuum tank is connected with a vacuum pump, and the lower part of the vacuum tank is connected with a sewage pump. This device adopts the negative pressure pipeline to carry out sewage and collects, and the negative pressure pipeline buries deeply and does not need certain slope to lay, can effectively reduce the sewage pipeline and lay the degree of depth, and the engineering implementation is easier, and the investment is low, and pipeline sealing performance is good, can effectively avoid the sewage seepage, is favorable to the operation and the management of sewage collection pipe network.
Design parameters
1. Amount of sewage
According to technical regulations of drainage engineering in towns (villages) and villages (CU 124-2008), when the fecal sewage and other domestic sewage are mixed and calculated, the daily domestic sewage amount of each person is 100-170L, and when the fecal sewage is calculated independently, the daily domestic sewage amount is 20-30L/(person d).
2. Volume of sewage collecting well
V＝α(V1+V2)+V3
In the formula
V-effective volume of the sewage collecting well, m3；
Alpha-safety factor;
V1effective volume of sewage zone of sewage collection well, m3；
V2Effective volume m of sludge area of sewage collection well3；
V3Effective volume of valve zone of sewage collection well, m3；
n is the number of people designing the sewage collecting well;
q1-daily domestic sewage volume per person, L/(person d);
t1-the residence time of the sewage in the sewage collection well, h;
q2-sludge amount per person per day, L/(person d);
t2-sludge elutriation period of the sewage collection well, d;
b-water content of fresh sludge,%;
m-sludge remaining rate after cleaning,%;
c-water content of concentrated sludge in the sewage collecting well,%.
3. Loss of system
The pressure loss of the fluid in the negative pressure collection system generally consists of four parts, namely friction loss (head loss along the way), static lifting loss, acceleration pressure loss and local loss. Wherein, the local loss is mainly caused by valves, elbows and the like, and a drainage design manual can be referred; the acceleration pressure loss is often negligible.
(1) Static lifting loss
The static lifting loss is caused by negative work done by sewage gravity, and the lifting loss is only for an ascending lifting section.
Static lifting loss
hs＝ht-d
In the formula
hsStatic lift loss per lift pipe section, mH2O；
ht-each riser section;
d is the inner diameter of the pipeline, m.
For any pipeline with e lifting sections, the total static lifting loss is
(2) Friction loss
The negative pressure collecting sewage pipeline is a pressure circular pipe flow, and the calculation of the head loss along the way is shown in the following formula.
In the formula
hf-loss of head along the way, m;
l is the length of the pipeline, m;
q-flow, m3/s；
d is the pipe diameter m.
According to the formula, the conveying flow of pipelines with different pipe diameters is calculated and obtained when the head loss value of each kilometer of the pipeline is obtained;
4. longitudinal section arrangement of pipeline
When the vertical section is arranged in the negative pressure collecting pipeline, the lifting section is avoided as much as possible, the negative pressure main pipe is horizontally laid, and the negative pressure branch pipe is arranged towards the sewage main pipe from the outlet of the sewage collecting well according to 3 percent of slope.
5. Range of system vacuum
The vacuum range of the negative pressure collection system has 2 worst points to control: the method comprises the following steps that firstly, the near end is the most unfavorable point, namely a user terminal with the minimum pressure loss of a vacuum station; and the remote end has the most unfavorable point, namely the user terminal with the largest pressure loss of the vacuum station. The upper vacuum degree limit PH of the system should ensure that the water seal of the most unfavorable point at the near end is not damaged, and the lower vacuum degree limit PL of the system should ensure that the sewage of the most unfavorable point at the far end can be effectively collected. In the design, the system vacuum degree should satisfy the following formula.
PH≥PL+hH-L
hH-L＝hsH-L+hfH-L
In the formula
PH-upper limit of system vacuum, MPa;
PL-lower limit of system vacuum, MPa;
hsO-L-static lift loss, MPa, between the far end most unfavorable point to the near end most unfavorable point;
hfO-L-friction loss between the distal most point to the proximal most point, MPa;
Qminminimum flow of sewer main, m3/s；
hH-L-pressure loss between the distal most point of disadvantage to the proximal most point of disadvantage, MPa;
d, the pipe diameter of the sewage main pipe is m;
hsH-L-loss on the way, MPa, between the negative pressure collection canister to the proximal most unfavorable point;
hfH-L-friction loss, MPa, between the negative pressure collection canister to the proximal most unfavorable point;
LO-L-length of conduit from distal most point of disadvantage to proximal most point of disadvantage, m.
6. Effective length of collecting well connecting casing
The effective length of the ith collector well joint casing, Li, can be calculated according to the following equation:
Li≥PH-hO-i
in the formula
Li-the effective length, m, of the ith collection well connection casing;
hO-i-pressure loss between the ith sewage collection well to the vacuum station, m.
Since the interface valve typically requires a pressure of around 15kPa to open, the collection piping network must be designed to ensure that there is still a vacuum pressure of around 15kPa to supply each valve when the central collection tank is at its minimum pressure and maximum design flow. The suction provided by the vacuum station needs to overcome the resistance encountered by the sewage in the pipeline conveying process, and if the provided vacuum suction is insufficient, the sewage cannot be collected in the vacuum station; energy is wasted if too much vacuum is provided. Therefore, it is necessary to check the vacuum degree of each node in the pipe network, and when the vacuum degree of the system is not enough, the vacuum pump should be started in time to quickly exhaust the air in the pipe, so as to ensure the vacuum degree required by the system (of course, the requirements of the system vacuum degree can also be met by measures of reducing the on-way resistance loss, such as optimally designing the pipe diameter, and optimally laying the pipeline).
7. Negative pressure station design calculation
(1) Sewage pump
And a sewage pump in the negative pressure collecting system is selected to be a non-blocking sewage pump. The flow of the sewage pump is determined by the minimum sewage flow designed by the system, and the calculation is shown in the following formula.
In the formula
QdpDesign flow of sewage pump, m3/s；
QminMinimum design flow of negative pressure pipe, m3/s；
Vmin-minimum design flow velocity of the negative pressure pipeline, m/s;
d-the diameter of the negative pressure main pipe, m;
beta-safety factor, 1.5.
(2) Sewage collecting tank
The sewage collection tank is made of a stainless steel plate, and the working vacuum degree is designed according to 0.02-0.05 MPa. Effective volume V of sewage collection tankwThe calculation is shown in the following formula.
Vw＝5Qdp×60
(3) Vacuum pump
a. Determining the vacuum degree of the pumping inlet according to the vacuum degree of the vacuum system and the pressure drop of the pump inlet pipeline
b. According to WAir (a)＝k×V2/3Estimating air leakage, wherein WAir (W)The air leakage amount is 1 b/h; taking values: when pressure is applied>90mmHg at 0.1-0.5; 20-90mmHg, 0.5-1.0; 3-20mmHg, 1-2; 1-3mmHg, 2-4;<10mmHg，3-6；
c. determining the air extraction amount of the process material according to the process conditions
d. According to Q ═ P1-P2) Determining the total air pumping quantity of the vacuum pump by multiplying C by delta P multiplied by C, wherein C is the pipeline conductance between 1 point and 2 points of the vacuum system, and m3/s；P1Pressure at 1 point in the vacuum system, Pa, P2Pa, Δ P is the pressure at 2 points in the vacuum system, and is the pressure drop in the pipeline between 1 point and 2 points, Pa.
e. Selecting pipe diameter and judging whether the pressure drop of the pipeline meets the process requirements or not;
f. is composed of
Calculating the pumping rate of the vacuum system, wherein SeIs the pumping speed of the vacuum system, m3H; r is a universal gas constant, R ═ 8.314J/(mol.k); t issIs the temperature of the withdrawn gas; psFor vacuum systemsWorking pressure, KPa;
is the average molecular weight of the pumped body;
g. will SeConverting the air extraction rate into the air extraction rate under the specified conditions of the pump plant sample;
h. and selecting a vacuum pump according to the requirements of the air pumping speed and the vacuum degree.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
While the invention has been described with reference to specific preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the following claims. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A negative pressure collecting method for rural sewage, which is characterized in that,
the method comprises the following steps that a negative pressure collecting device for collecting rural sewage is arranged, wherein the negative pressure collecting device comprises a vacuum collecting tank, the vacuum collecting tank is connected with a collecting unit through a negative pressure pipe, and the collecting unit consists of a gravity drainage pipe, a sewage collecting well and a vacuum interface valve; the upper part of the vacuum collection tank is connected with a vacuum pump, and the lower part of the vacuum collection tank is connected with a sewage pump;
acquiring the effective volume of the sewage collecting well, the effective length of the negative pressure pipe, the vacuum degree range of the negative pressure collecting device and the fluid pressure loss based on the daily domestic sewage amount in rural areas;
generating a first control parameter of the sewage pump based on the domestic sewage amount, a second control parameter of the vacuum pump based on the domestic sewage amount, and an effective volume of the vacuum collection tank based on the domestic sewage amount, based on the effective volume, the effective length, the vacuum degree range, and the fluid pressure loss;
collecting the domestic sewage amount, and controlling the negative pressure collecting device to collect the rural sewage by adjusting the first control parameter, the second control parameter and the effective volume.
2. The negative pressure collection method for rural sewage according to claim 1, characterized in that:
in the process of obtaining the effective volume of the sewage collecting well, generating the effective volume according to the effective volume of a sewage area, the effective volume of a sludge area and the effective volume of a valve area of the sewage collecting well;
the equation expression for the effective volume is:
V＝α(V1+V2)+V3
wherein V represents the effective volume of the well,alpha represents a safety factor; v1Showing the effective volume of the sewage zone, V2Represents the effective volume, V, of the sludge zone3Representing the effective volume of the valve area.
3. The negative pressure collection method for rural sewage according to claim 2, characterized in that:
in the process of generating the effective volume, the equation expression of the effective volume of the sewage area is as follows:
wherein n represents the number of designets of the sewage collecting well, and q represents the number of designets of the sewage collecting well1Represents the daily sewage quantity t of each person1Indicating the residence time of the sewage in the sewage collection well.
4. The negative pressure collection method for rural sewage according to claim 3, characterized in that:
in the process of generating the effective volume, the equation expression of the effective volume of the sludge area is as follows:
wherein q is2Represents the daily sludge amount of each person, t2The method comprises the following steps of representing a sludge elutriation period of a sewage collection well, b representing the water content of fresh sludge, m representing the sludge remaining rate after elutriation, and c representing the water content of concentrated sludge in the sewage collection well.
5. The negative pressure collection method for rural sewage according to claim 4, wherein the negative pressure collection method comprises the following steps:
in the process of obtaining the fluid pressure loss, the fluid pressure loss comprises static lifting loss and friction loss, wherein the static lifting loss is used for representing the loss caused by negative work done by sewage gravity, the negative pressure pipe is a pressure circular pipe, and the friction loss is the on-way head loss;
the equation expression of the static lifting loss is as follows:
wherein h issRepresents the static lift loss, h, of each riser sectiontRepresenting each riser section; d represents the inner diameter of the pipe, e represents the number of pipes of the lifting section;
the equation expression of the friction loss is as follows:
wherein h isfRepresenting head loss on the way, L representing the length of the pipe, Q representing the flow, d representing the pipe diameter.
6. The negative pressure collection method for rural sewage according to claim 5, wherein the negative pressure collection method comprises the following steps:
in the process of acquiring the vacuum degree range, the first vacuum degree of the negative pressure collecting device satisfies the following formula:
PH≥PL+hH-L
hH-L＝hsH-L+hfH-L
wherein, PHDenotes the upper limit of the first degree of vacuum, PLDenotes the lower limit of the first degree of vacuum, hsO-LRepresents the static lift loss between the distal most unfavorable point and the proximal most unfavorable point, hfO-LRepresenting the frictional loss, Q, between the distal most point of weakness and the proximal most point of weaknessminRepresents the minimum flow of the sewage main pipe, hH-LIndicating the most unfavorable point at the distal end to the most proximal endPressure loss between unfavorable points, d represents the pipe diameter of the sewage main pipe, hsH-LRepresents the loss along the way from the negative pressure collection tank to the most unfavorable point of the near end, hfH-LIndicating the friction loss between the negative pressure collection canister to the proximal most unfavorable point, LO-LIndicating the length of the conduit from the distal most point to the proximal most point.
7. The negative pressure collection method for rural sewage according to claim 6, wherein the negative pressure collection method comprises the following steps:
in the process of obtaining the effective length, an equation expression of the effective length is as follows:
Li≥PH-hO-i
wherein L isiRepresents the effective length, h, of the ith collector well joint casingO-iIndicating the pressure loss between the ith sewage collection well to the vacuum station.
8. The negative pressure collection method for rural sewage according to claim 7, wherein the negative pressure collection method comprises the following steps:
in the process of generating a first control parameter, generating the first control parameter according to the flow of the sewage pump;
the equation expression of the process is as follows:
wherein Q isdpIndicating the design flow of the sewage pump, QminIndicating minimum design flow, V, of the negative pressure pipeminThe minimum design flow rate of the negative pressure pipeline is represented, d represents the pipe diameter of the negative pressure main pipe, and beta represents a safety factor which is 1.5.
9. The negative pressure collection method for rural sewage according to claim 8, wherein the negative pressure collection method comprises the following steps:
in the process of obtaining the effective volume, generating the effective volume according to the design flow of the sewage pump, wherein the expression of the effective volume is as follows:
Vw＝5Qdp×60。
10. the negative pressure collection method for rural sewage according to claim 9, wherein:
in the process of obtaining a second control parameter of the vacuum pump, determining a second vacuum degree at the suction port of the vacuum pump according to the vacuum degree and the pressure drop of the inlet pipeline of the vacuum pump;
based on the second vacuum degree, acquiring the air leakage amount and the process material air extraction amount of the negative pressure collecting device, generating the total air extraction amount of the vacuum pump, and generating the air extraction rate of the negative pressure collecting device;
and generating the second control parameter according to the first control parameter and the effective volume based on the first vacuum degree and the pumping speed.
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