CN114672883A - Ferromagnetic alloy with high magneto-mechanical hysteresis damping performance and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Ferromagnetic alloy with high magneto-mechanical hysteresis damping performance and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN114672883A
CN114672883A CN202210276693.1A CN202210276693A CN114672883A CN 114672883 A CN114672883 A CN 114672883A CN 202210276693 A CN202210276693 A CN 202210276693A CN 114672883 A CN114672883 A CN 114672883A
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alloy
damping
ferromagnetic
ferromagnetic alloy
stress
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CN114672883B (en
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孙孟
王先平
蒋卫斌
高云霞
方前锋
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Hefei Institutes of Physical Science of CAS
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
    • C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
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    • C30B29/52—Alloys
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    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
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    • C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
    • C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
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    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
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Abstract

The invention relates to a ferromagnetic alloy with high magnetic mechanical hysteresis damping performance and a preparation method thereof, relating to the technical field of preparation process of high damping alloy, comprising the following steps: (1) preparing a ferromagnetic alloy into a monocrystal, double crystals or polycrystal parent body with a BCC structure phase; (2) according to a single or multiple stress directions of a use working condition, performing specific orientation cutting on the material obtained in the step (1), and keeping the stress directions parallel to the high index direction of the material to prepare the metal with specific orientation; (3) applying an external stress to the metal obtained in step (2) in at least one stress direction, so that the metal is subjected to stressThere is a non-reversible domain motion in the direction of the force. Compared with the existing ferromagnetic high-damping alloy preparation process, the intrinsic damping performance of the material can be stably and reliably greatly improved through the process design, and compared with the traditional ferromagnetic damping alloy, the damping alloy has low amplitude<10‑4) The damping value can be improved by about 3-6 times, and the maximum value of the damping can be improved by nearly one order of magnitude.

Description

Ferromagnetic alloy with high magneto-mechanical hysteresis damping performance and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of preparation processes of high-damping alloys, in particular to a ferromagnetic alloy with high magneto-mechanical hysteresis damping performance and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The iron-based magnetic mechanical hysteresis type high-damping alloy has the advantages of low price, sensitive micro-vibration suppression and wide temperature range of a high-damping platform, and is widely applied to the fields of noise elimination, vibration reduction and the like. However, as far as the sixties of the twentieth century, ferromagnetic alloys were used as high damping materials, their damping performance was not substantially improved. Compared with a twin crystal type high damping alloy, the alloy has the following characteristics: MnCu alloy, TiNi alloy, NiMnGa alloy and the like, and the iron-based alloy has the characteristics of wide temperature range, sensitive micro-vibration inhibition and the like, but the advantage of the mechanical hysteresis type high-damping alloy is weakened by a lower damping value, so that the aim of improving the damping performance of the material is always pursued by relevant scholars in the field of ferromagnetic high-damping. Traditionally, people mainly go through high-temperature annealing treatment in order to improve ferromagnetic alloy's damping performance, and not only damping performance promotes limitedly, and high-temperature heat treatment has still seriously reduced the mechanical properties of material, and heat treatment process is unstable in addition, for example: the damping performance results that can be obtained by different researchers performing "identical" heat treatments on "the same" material are not consistent. Therefore, designing and preparing the iron-based magneto-mechanical hysteresis type high-damping alloy from a brand new angle is very important for the damping performance research and application of the ferromagnetic alloy.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a ferromagnetic alloy with high magneto-mechanical hysteresis damping performance and a preparation method thereof, and aims to solve the technical problem that the damping performance of the ferromagnetic alloy cannot be remarkably improved by the conventional preparation process.
The invention achieves the above purpose through the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of a ferromagnetic alloy with high magneto-mechanical hysteresis damping performance comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a ferromagnetic alloy into a material having a single crystal, a double crystal or a polycrystalline matrix with a crystallographic orientation of a BCC structural phase;
(2) according to a single or multiple stress directions of a use working condition, performing specific orientation cutting on the material obtained in the step (1), and keeping the stress directions parallel to the high index direction of the material to prepare the metal with specific orientation;
(3) applying external stress to the metal obtained in the step (2) in at least one stress direction to enable the metal to have a large amount of irreversible magnetic domain movement inside, so that the ferromagnetic alloy with excellent micro-vibration inhibition performance is obtained.
As a further optimization scheme of the present invention, in the step (1), the ferromagnetic alloy is prepared into a single crystal, a double crystal or a polycrystalline precursor with crystallographic orientation by using one of a czochralski method, a float zone method or a bridgman method.
As a further optimization scheme of the present invention, in the step (1), the ferromagnetic alloy is prepared into a single crystal matrix, and the higher the crystal quality, the fewer the defects, impurities and segregants, the better the damping performance, so that the ferromagnetic alloy is preferably a single crystal, but not limited to a single crystal, and also includes a double crystal and a polycrystal with obvious orientation or similar grain orientation.
As a further optimization scheme of the invention, in the step (2), the high index direction is an orientation which is in an angle of more than 3 degrees with the <100> or <110> azimuth of the alloy.
As a further optimization of the present invention, in said step (2), the high index direction is preferably the <111> or <112> orientation of the alloy.
As a further optimization scheme of the invention, in the step (3), the prepared metal has a plurality of 90-degree domain boundaries on a crystal face with vertically applied micro stress, so that a large amount of irreversible movement occurs, and excellent micro-vibration suppression performance is obtained.
In the step (3), the micro-vibration inhibition performance refers to that the environmental amplitude is lower than 10-4Damping performance in the case of (1).
As a further optimization scheme of the invention, the ferromagnetic alloy is Fe-Ga/Al-based alloy, the Fe-Ga/Al-based alloy is BCC structure, and the internal linear defects and the surface defects of the material are less, such as: dislocations and grain boundaries, etc.
As a further optimization of the present invention, in the Fe-Ga/Al-based alloy in step (1), the Ga + Al content is (10-19) at.%, but there are a small amount of carbides, intermetallic compounds, and other inclusions in the alloy, and a second phase precipitated in the alloy by heat treatment.
The invention also provides a ferromagnetic alloy with high magneto-mechanical hysteresis damping performance, which is obtained by the treatment of the method.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the damping is high: alloy specimens treated by this method, in the low amplitude range (20-120). times.10-6) And under the condition of 1Hz, the damping performance is greatly improved: damping value compared to the same polycrystalline material
Figure BDA0003556290710000021
The maximum promotion can reach an order of magnitude, and the damping value range of the monocrystal with specific orientation under the low amplitude of the stress direction is more than or equal to 0.01 and less than or equal to 0.06.
2. Wide temperature range: the damping value is kept stable at-100 ℃ to 150 ℃ and basically does not change along with the temperature; compared with other non-Fe-based high-damping materials, the material has wider application range;
3. for the<112>Directional Fe-18 at.% Ga single crystal, damping value thereof
Figure BDA0003556290710000022
Above 0.1.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a high damping single crystal according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a high damping single crystal according to example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a high damping single crystal according to example 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a magnetic domain morphology on a FeGaAl single crystal <112> plane obtained by the method of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a damping curve on an amplitude scale of a FeGa single crystal obtained by the method of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a damping curve on a temperature scale of a FeGa single crystal obtained by the method of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a damping curve of FeGaAl twin crystals and large-size FeAl polycrystalline crystals obtained by the method of the present invention in this scale.
Detailed Description
The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the drawings, it should be noted that the following detailed description is given for illustrative purposes only and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present application, as those skilled in the art will be able to make numerous insubstantial modifications and adaptations to the present application based on the above disclosure.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a ferromagnetic Fe-Ga alloy with high magneto-mechanical hysteresis damping performance, as shown in FIG. 1, comprising the following steps:
(1) preparing a master alloy sample: preparing large-size Fe-10 at.% Ga single crystal by a Bridgman method, and then carrying out annealing treatment at 900 ℃ for 5h in a wet hydrogen atmosphere to ensure uniform components and reduce impurities of carbon and oxygen compounds;
(2) Cutting a sample: cutting the Ga single crystal of Fe-10 at.% along three directions <110>, <111>, <112> respectively according to the environment using the working condition and the single vibration direction to prepare the metal with specific orientation;
(3) sample installation: the micro-vibrations are primarily from one direction, making it along the <112> direction.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a ferromagnetic alloy Fe-Ga-Al with high magneto-mechanical hysteresis damping performance, as shown in FIG. 2, comprising the following steps:
(1) preparing a master alloy sample: preparing large-size Fe-10 at.% Ga-8 at.% Al single crystal by a pulling method, and then performing annealing treatment at 900 ℃ for 5h in a wet hydrogen atmosphere to ensure uniform components and reduce impurities of carbon and oxygen compounds;
(2) cutting a sample: cutting the Fe-10 at.% Ga-8 at.% Al single crystal along three directions of <110>, <131>, <323> respectively according to the environment using two vertical vibration directions of working conditions to prepare metal with specific orientation;
(3) sample installation: the micro-vibrations are mainly from two directions, which are along the high index <131>, <323> directions with azimuth angles greater than 3 ° to <100> or <110>, respectively.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a ferromagnetic alloy Fe-Al with high magneto-mechanical hysteresis damping performance, as shown in FIG. 3, comprising the following steps:
(1) Preparing a master alloy sample: preparing Fe-19 at.% Al single crystal by a zone melting method, and then performing annealing treatment at 900 ℃ for 5 hours in a wet hydrogen atmosphere to ensure uniform components and reduce impurities of carbon and oxygen compounds;
(2) cutting a sample: according to the stress environment of three mutually perpendicular vibration directions under the use condition, cutting the Fe-19 at.% Al single crystal along three directions of <111>, <123>, <145> respectively to prepare the metal with specific orientation.
(3) Sample installation: the micro-vibrations are primarily from three directions, along the <111> and high index <123> and <145> directions, respectively, with an azimuthal angle greater than 3 ° to <100> or <110 >.
In order to verify the technical effect achieved by the invention, magnetic domain observation and damping performance evaluation are carried out on the material treated by the invention, wherein: observing the magnetic domain by adopting a differential interference combined fibrate powder method; measuring the damping performance characteristics of Fe-Ga/Cr/Al-based alloy samples with different orientations by adopting a multifunctional inverted torsion pendulum internal consumption instrument; adopting a forced vibration mode to carry out torsional deformation on the Fe-Ga/Cr/Al-based alloy samples under different treatment methods; stress and strain sensors are adopted to collect stress and vibration curves of the material in real time; obtaining an internal friction value by calculating the amplitude ratio of stress strain and the lag angle of the stress strain and the lag angle; by the size of the internal consumption value (Q) -1) Evaluating the damping performance of the material;the evaluation of the damping performance is mainly focused on the condition of 1Hz, the damping performance is obtained by comparing the internal consumption value, and the specific damping capacity P is 2 pi Q-1。
The results are shown in FIGS. 4-6, in which:
FIG. 4 shows the domain morphology on the <112> plane of Fe-Ga single crystal, on which the domain interface with 90 degrees is densely distributed, which significantly increases the density of irreversible motion of the domain interface under external stress.
FIG. 5 shows a FeGa single crystal<111>Damping behavior in the direction, as can be seen in the figure, at low amplitudes (<10-4) Under the condition of 1Hz, the damping of the sample obtained by the invention can reach 0.031, which is improved by 3-6 times compared with the traditional ferromagnetic high-damping alloy under the same condition; the maximum damping value reaches 0.126 which is not existed in the ferromagnetic alloy, which is improved by nearly one order of magnitude compared with the traditional ferromagnetic damping alloy.
FIG. 6 is a plot of internal friction-temperature at-100 ℃ and 150 ℃ of FeGa alloy obtained by the present invention, and it can be seen that the damping value of the sample treated by the present invention is kept stable at-100 ℃ to 150 ℃, and is not changed with temperature basically, and the damping thermal stability is excellent.
Fig. 7 is the internal friction-amplitude curve of high index bicrystal and polycrystal (tricrystal) FeGaAl and FeAl alloy obtained by the present invention, and it can be seen that the sample treated by the present invention has high damping capacity.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is specific and detailed, but not to be understood as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that various changes and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention, and these changes and modifications are all within the scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. A preparation method of a ferromagnetic alloy with high magneto-mechanical hysteresis damping performance is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) preparing a ferromagnetic alloy into a material of a single crystal, double crystal or polycrystal matrix with a BCC structure phase;
(2) according to a single or multiple stress directions of a use working condition, performing specific orientation cutting on the material obtained in the step (1), and keeping the stress directions parallel to the high index direction of the material to prepare the metal with specific orientation;
(3) applying external stress to the metal obtained in the step (2) in at least one stress direction to enable the metal to have a large amount of irreversible magnetic domain movement inside, so that the ferromagnetic alloy with excellent micro-vibration inhibition performance is obtained.
2. The method for preparing a ferromagnetic alloy with high magneto-mechanical hysteresis damping performance according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the ferromagnetic alloy is directionally solidified to prepare a matrix alloy by one of a czochralski method, a zone-melting method or a bridgman method.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein in step (1), the ferromagnetic alloy is prepared as a single crystal, a twinned crystal, or a polycrystalline matrix with crystallographic orientation.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein in step (2), the high index direction is oriented at an angle greater than 3 ° with respect to the <100> or <110> orientation of the alloy.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein in step (2), the high index direction is the <111> or <112> orientation of the alloy.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the metal prepared in step (3) has 90 ° domain boundaries on crystal plane of vertical applied micro stress to generate large amount of irreversible movement, thereby obtaining excellent micro-vibration suppression performance.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein in step (3), the micro-vibration suppression property is that the environmental amplitude is less than 10 -4Damping performance in the case of (2).
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the ferromagnetic alloy is an Fe-Ga/Al based alloy.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the Ga + Al content of the Fe-Ga/Al-based alloy is (10-19) at.%.
10. A ferromagnetic alloy having high magnetomechanical hysteresis damping properties, said ferromagnetic alloy being obtainable by a process according to any of claims 1 to 9.
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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20030010405A1 (en) * 2000-01-28 2003-01-16 Clark Arthur E Magnetostrictive devices and methods using high magnetostriction, high strength fega alloys
US8308874B1 (en) * 2001-01-29 2012-11-13 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Magnetostrictive materials, devices and methods using high magnetostriction, high strength FeGa and FeBe alloys
CN108251622A (en) * 2018-01-09 2018-07-06 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 A kind of heat treatment method of FeGa base high-damping alloys

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20030010405A1 (en) * 2000-01-28 2003-01-16 Clark Arthur E Magnetostrictive devices and methods using high magnetostriction, high strength fega alloys
US8308874B1 (en) * 2001-01-29 2012-11-13 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Magnetostrictive materials, devices and methods using high magnetostriction, high strength FeGa and FeBe alloys
CN108251622A (en) * 2018-01-09 2018-07-06 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 A kind of heat treatment method of FeGa base high-damping alloys

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