CN114672852B - Copper electrolysis short circuit treatment method - Google Patents

Copper electrolysis short circuit treatment method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114672852B
CN114672852B CN202210517038.0A CN202210517038A CN114672852B CN 114672852 B CN114672852 B CN 114672852B CN 202210517038 A CN202210517038 A CN 202210517038A CN 114672852 B CN114672852 B CN 114672852B
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plate
nodulation
cathode plate
cathode
electrolysis
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CN114672852A (en
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赵荣升
张志国
孙成明
唐文忠
朱壮志
余小华
沈煜
徐求知
杨雄伟
燕传斌
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Tongling Nonferrous Metals Group Co Ltd
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Tongling Nonferrous Metals Group Co Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25CPROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C5/00Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metal powders or porous metal masses
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25CPROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C7/00Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells; Servicing or operating of cells
    • C25C7/06Operating or servicing

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to daily inspection and maintenance in a copper electrolysis process, in particular to a copper electrolysis short circuit treatment method, after detecting the specific position of a short circuit anode plate, a truss and a transverse moving trolley move to corresponding positions, a pole plate picking manipulator on a lifting mechanism extracts a nodulation cathode plate and then supplements the nodulation cathode plate with a cathode plate preparation plate in the original electrolysis position of the nodulation cathode plate, and the electrolysis time of the cathode plate preparation plate is consistent with the electrolysis time of the nodulation cathode plate which is picked up and removed, so that the scheme not only can take out the nodulation cathode plate to eliminate the short circuit fault caused by the nodulation cathode plate, but also can timely supplement the cathode plate preparation plate in the original electrolysis position to continue electrolysis, thereby ensuring the utilization rate of an electrolytic tank.

Description

Copper electrolysis short circuit treatment method
Technical Field
The invention relates to daily inspection and maintenance of copper electrolysis process.
Background
In the electrolytic refining process, under the electrochemical action, anode metal is oxidized and dissolved into metal ions, and the metal ions are transmitted through electrolyte solution and undergo reduction reaction at a cathode, so that high-purity metal is obtained. Because the distance between the cathode and the anode is smaller, and long particles are possibly generated on the cathode, or the two poles bend, bulge, flash burr and the like, the short circuit between the cathode and the anode is caused, the current efficiency is reduced due to the short circuit between the cathode and the anode, the electricity consumption is increased, and the quality of the electric copper is also influenced.
Taking copper electrolysis with 40 ten thousand tons capacity as an example, 6 ten thousand cathodes are provided, the short circuit rate detected in real time is between 0.1% and 1%, and the short circuit is discovered and treated in time and accurately for the management of production indexes such as electrolysis efficiency, energy consumption and the like in daily production.
In recent years, new short circuit detection technology and application have been greatly developed, from early hand and eye observation, manual drag meter (Gaussian meter) detection, and the current infrared imaging automatic detection success application, the detection technology is very mature, and the accuracy is very high.
Although the short circuit detection basically realizes automation, the detection realizes marking on a screen, and the accuracy can be more than 98 percent (compared with a Gaussian meter), the short circuit treatment still stays at the original stage at present, and the short circuit treatment of all smelting plants at present is as follows: 1) manually finding a short-circuit marking plate on site according to a detection result, 2) controlling a person to hang out and hold the short-circuit marking plate by using a travelling crane and the like, and 3) manually treating by using tools such as a hammer, a chisel, a hack and the like to manually remove short-circuit particles. It is estimated that more than 16 to 20 persons are needed to specially treat short circuits in about 100 labor operators of a modern large-scale electrolytic plant, and the short circuits account for more than 15 to 20 percent of the rated codes, so that the problems of high labor intensity, long operation time (24 hours of shift), poor operation environment (the temperature of a groove surface in summer reaches 50 ℃), high treatment cost and the like exist, and the improvement is needed.
Patent literature named as a double-span truss robot (CN 112975616A) for inspecting electrode plates, wherein the scheme disclosed by the literature is to receive an instruction issued by a PC (personal computer) and control the operation of the whole double-span truss robot. The PLC system receives the position information of the electrolytic tank, controls the truss to move to the upper side of the electrolytic tank, and the traversing trolley moves to a proper position along the Y direction, then hooks a cathode plate in the electrolytic tank through the grapple, takes the cathode plate out of the electrolytic tank, and then the surface of the cathode plate can be polished by the polisher. The design idea of the scheme is to find the nodulation cathode plate in time, extract the nodulation cathode plate to a proper position for polishing, and then put the nodulation cathode plate back to the original position. In the process of extracting, indexing and polishing the nodulation cathode plate and replaying the treated nodulation cathode plate, the time is definitely required, so that the difference between the copper collection amount on the treated nodulation anode plate and the copper collection amount on the anode plate which is always electrolyzed in the electrolytic tank is necessarily caused, the quality of cathode copper in the same electrolytic tank is definitely seriously influenced, and meanwhile, the copper production efficiency of the electrolytic tank is reduced and the energy consumption is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a cathode copper short circuit treatment method, which is used for timely replacing a standby cathode standby plate for a nodulation cathode plate with a short circuit fault so as to improve the production efficiency of an electrolytic tank and reduce the energy consumption.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the cathode copper short-circuit treatment method provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
(1) The treatment system comprises a movable truss arranged on the groove edge of the electrolytic groove, a transverse movable trolley arranged on an upper beam rail of the movable truss, a lifting mechanism arranged on the transverse movable trolley, a polar plate picking manipulator connected to the lower end of the lifting mechanism, and a nodulation cathode plate collecting frame and a cathode plate standby plate storage frame arranged beside the polar plate picking manipulator;
(2) The cathode plate standby plate storage rack is provided with cathode plate standby plates with the electrolysis duration being consistent with that of the nodulation cathode plate to be treated;
(3) The movable truss and/or the transverse movable trolley move, the electrolytic position of the shorted nodulation cathode plate is inspected, after the position of the shorted nodulation cathode plate is determined, the polar plate picking manipulator is moved to the electrolytic position of the nodulation cathode plate to carry out picking operation, and the nodulation cathode plate which causes the short circuit is shifted to the nodulation cathode plate collecting frame to be released;
(4) And the polar plate picking manipulator fills the cathode plate on the cathode plate storage rack in the corresponding electrolysis position.
According to the technical scheme, after the specific position of the short-circuited anode plate is detected, the truss and the transverse moving trolley move to the corresponding positions, the anode plate picking manipulator on the lifting mechanism is used for picking up the nodulation anode plate and then supplementing the nodulation anode plate into the anode plate preparation plate at the original electrolysis position of the nodulation anode plate, and the electrolysis time of the anode plate preparation plate is consistent with the completed electrolysis time of the nodulation anode plate which is picked up and removed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a system used in the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a partial top view of FIG. 1;
fig. 3 is a front view of fig. 1;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged partial schematic view of the present 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a functional block diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, in general, an electrolysis plant may be divided into a plurality of electrolysis areas, each electrolysis area may be provided with a plurality of electrolysis cell columns 1, one electrolysis cell column 1 includes a plurality of independent electrolysis cells 1A sequentially arranged, the length direction of each independent electrolysis cell 1A may correspond to the width direction of the electrolysis cell column 1, the transverse direction of the movable truss 10 is consistent with the width direction of the electrolysis cell column 1, in the following detailed description, the movable truss 10 is arranged in a manner of crossing the width direction of one electrolysis cell column 1, and the transverse movement trolley 40 moves in the transverse direction of the movable truss 10 or along the length direction of the electrolysis cell 1A.
The copper electrolytic short-circuit treatment method shown in fig. 1 to 6 is as follows:
(1) The treatment system comprises a movable truss 10 arranged on the groove edge of the electrolytic bath 1A, a transverse movable trolley 40 arranged on an upper beam rail 11 of the movable truss 10, a lifting mechanism 30 arranged on the transverse movable trolley 40, a polar plate picking manipulator 20 connected to the lower end of the lifting mechanism 30, and a nodulation cathode plate collecting frame 50 and a cathode plate storage rack 60 arranged beside the polar plate picking manipulator 20;
(2) The cathode plate standby plate storage rack 60 is provided with cathode plate standby plates with the electrolysis duration being consistent with that of the nodulation cathode plate to be treated;
(3) The movable truss 10 and/or the transverse movable trolley 40 move to patrol the electrolytic position of the shorted nodulation cathode plate, after determining the position of the shorted nodulation cathode plate, the polar plate picking manipulator 20 moves to the electrolytic position of the nodulation cathode plate to carry out picking operation and the nodulation cathode plate causing the short circuit is shifted to the nodulation cathode plate collecting frame 50 to be released;
(4) The plate picking manipulator 20 fills the corresponding electrolytic position with the cathode plate on the cathode plate storage rack 60.
The movable truss 10 is arranged on the groove edge of the electrolytic tank 1A, namely a rolling type movable fit is formed by arranging a track on the groove edge of the groove end side of the electrolytic tank 1A and walking wheels at the lower ends of the side frames 12 on the two sides of the movable truss 10; when the movable truss 10 moves along the truss track 1B, the movable truss 10 can reach each electrolytic cell 1A, the movable truss 10 cooperates with the transverse movable trolley 40 to move along the upper beam track 11, the electrolytic position of the shorted nodulation cathode plate is inspected, after the position of the shorted nodulation cathode plate is determined, the electrode plate picking manipulator 20 reaches the electrolytic position of the nodulation cathode plate causing the short circuit, the electrode plate picking manipulator 20 can pick up each nodulation cathode plate under the cooperation of the lifting motion of the lifting mechanism 30, the electrode plate picking manipulator 20 can temporarily place the picked nodulation cathode plate in the nodulation cathode plate collecting frame 50 in an indexing manner, then a cathode plate standby plate with the same electrolytic time length is selected from the cathode plate standby plate storage frame 60 to be played back to the original electrolytic position where the taken nodulation cathode plate is located, and the newly placed cathode plate standby plate and other cathode plates of the electrolytic cell 1A together continue the subsequent electrolytic process.
The inside of the side frames 12 at both sides of the movable truss 10 is provided with a nodulation cathode plate collecting frame 50 and a cathode plate storage frame 60, respectively. Arranging the nodulation cathode plate collecting frame 50 and the cathode plate standby plate storage rack 60 on the movable truss 10, taking out the nodulation cathode plate which causes short circuit and putting the nodulation cathode plate into the cathode plate standby plate at the corresponding electrolysis position, wherein the operation time is very short, namely the empty time of all the electrolysis positions of the electrolysis tank is very short, the utilization rate of the electrolysis tank is ensured, and unnecessary energy consumption is almost negligible; moreover, the total amount of electrolytic copper generated by all cathode plates in the same electrolytic tank can be ensured to be basically consistent; in addition, the nodulation cathode plate collecting frame 50 and the cathode plate standby storage frame 60 are provided at both side portions of the moving truss 10, so that the bending disturbance of the middle portion of the moving truss 10 due to the storage of the nodulation cathode plate and the cathode plate standby can be minimized.
The upper beam rail 11 comprises a first upper beam rail 11A and a second upper beam rail 11B which are horizontally arranged at intervals in parallel, the transverse moving trolley 40 comprises a trolley beam 41, wheels at two ends of the trolley beam 41 are respectively arranged on the first upper beam rail 11A and the second upper beam rail 11B in a rolling mode, the lifting mechanism 30 and the trolley beam 41 form displacement fit and displace along the length direction of the trolley beam 41, the displacement stroke of the lifting mechanism 30 on the trolley beam 41 is matched with the width of a polar plate, and the nodulation cathode plate collecting frame 50 and the cathode plate standby plate storage frame 60 are positioned below the side where the first upper beam rail 11A is positioned or are respectively positioned below the side where the first upper beam rail 11A and the second upper beam rail 11B are positioned.
As shown in fig. 3, the nodulated cathode plate collecting frame 50 and the cathode plate stock storage 60 are located below the side where the first upper beam rail 11A is located, so that the notch area of one electrolytic cell is just fully exposed in the longitudinal direction spacing area between the nodulated cathode plate collecting frame 50 and the cathode plate stock storage 60 and the second upper beam rail 11B, and therefore, the plate pick-up robot 20 can reach any cathode plate position in the electrolytic cell 1A below it, and can perform the operations of picking up the nodulated cathode plate and replaying the cathode plate stock no matter where the cathode plate in the electrolytic cell 1A has a short-circuit fault.
The processing system comprises a controller 70 and a short circuit detector 80 which are arranged on the movable truss 10, a short circuit polar plate position signal detected by the short circuit detector 80 is transmitted to the controller 70, the controller 70 outputs a driving signal to drive the movable truss 10 and the transverse movable trolley 40 to move to an electrolysis position of a short circuit fault, and when the lifting mechanism 30 descends to a low position, the polar plate picking manipulator 20 picks up a short circuit cathode plate and then ascends.
By the control of the system controller 70, the short-circuit fault caused by the nodulation cathode plate can be timely found, and the executive component is controlled to instantly process, so that the processing efficiency of the short-circuit fault is improved.
The nodulation cathode plate stored on the nodulation cathode plate collecting frame 50 is transported to the nodulation plate treatment and standby plate center 90 to treat the nodulation on the nodulation cathode plate, and the nodulation cathode plate is stored as a cathode standby plate after the electrolysis time length mark is displayed on the nodulation cathode plate. The invention is provided with the nodulation plate treatment and standby plate center 90, which can thoroughly and surely treat the nodulation on the nodulation cathode plate, thereby ensuring the nodulation treatment and the plate surface quality of the electrolyzed cathode copper.
Each electrolysis area in the electrolysis factory building corresponds to be provided with a high-order short circuit detector 110, the short circuit cathode plate electrolysis position detected by the high-order short circuit detector 110 is transmitted to the control center 100, the command signal of the control center 100 is transmitted to the controller 70 on the movable truss 10, the controller 70 controls the movable truss 10 to move to the short circuit cathode plate electrolysis position, the short circuit detector 80 arranged on the movable truss 10 carries out inspection and determines the nodulation cathode plate electrolysis position, and as a preferable scheme, the short circuit detector 80 is arranged on the trolley beam 41, and thus the polar plate of each short circuit fault can be screened.
According to the invention, the control center 100 is arranged in the electrolysis workshop, meanwhile, the high-order short circuit detectors 110 are correspondingly arranged in each electrolysis area in the electrolysis workshop, the position of a specific cathode plate where a short circuit occurs is difficult to accurately determine due to the resolution and image processing errors of the short circuit information images acquired by the high-order short circuit detectors 110, the short circuit information acquired by the high-order short circuit detectors 110 is enough to ensure that an instruction sent by the control center 100 is received by the controller 70 on the movable truss 10, the controller 60 outputs a control signal to control the movable truss 10 to move to the fault polar plate electrolysis position primarily determined by the high-order short circuit detectors 110, and at the moment, the short circuit detectors 80 arranged on the movable truss 10 perform accurate detection and determine the electrolysis position of the specific noded cathode plate causing the short circuit, see fig. 6.
The control center 100 receives cathode standby information of the nodulation plate process and standby center 90, the cathode standby information including a cathode electrolysis duration and a serial number, the cathode standby being arranged in the cathode electrolysis duration or serial number order. The control center 100 stores basic information of the cathode plate preparation, namely the cathode plate electrolysis duration and sequence number sequence, and the cathode plate preparation needed for the backup of the movable truss 10. The end of the cell line 1 in fig. 1-4 is provided with a spare frame which can be used for placing the picked up nodulation cathode plate A to be treated, and the other part of the spare frame is provided with a cathode plate spare plate B for replacing the electrolysis position of the nodulation cathode plate.
The control center 100 matches the energization cycle of the shorted nodulation cathode plate with the cathode plates of the same cycle which have been processed in the earlier stage, sets the number of the cathode plates and the route and sequence of processing the shorted portions, thereby efficiently processing the short-circuit fault of the electrolytic cell.
It should be noted that, the phenomenon of nodulation on the cathode plate is very complex, and is not unusual, for example, the number of nodulation on the surface of the cathode plate is only a few, at this time, the nodulation can be directly removed and then the cathode plate is played back to the original electrolysis position, and the cathode plate which is extremely easy to remove the nodulation on the electrode plate does not need to be extremely individual, is temporarily stored in the nodulation cathode plate collecting frame 50 and is replaced with the cathode plate standby plate stored in the upper cathode plate standby plate storage frame 60, so that time and labor are wasted instead.

Claims (7)

1. A copper electrolytic short-circuit treatment method is characterized in that:
(1) A treatment system, comprising a movable truss (10) arranged on the tank edge of the electrolytic tank (1A),
the device comprises a transverse moving trolley (40) arranged on an upper beam rail (11) of a moving truss (10), a lifting mechanism (30) arranged on the transverse moving trolley (40), a polar plate picking manipulator (20) connected to the lower end of the lifting mechanism (30), and a nodulation cathode plate collecting frame (50) and a cathode plate storage rack (60) arranged beside the polar plate picking manipulator (20);
(2) A cathode plate standby plate with the electrolysis duration being consistent with that of the nodulation cathode plate to be treated is stored on the cathode plate standby plate storage rack (60);
(3) The movable truss (10) and/or the transverse movable trolley (40) move, the electrolytic position of the shorted nodulation cathode plate is inspected, after the position of the shorted nodulation cathode plate is determined, the polar plate picking manipulator (20) is moved to the electrolytic position of the nodulation cathode plate to carry out picking operation, and the nodulation cathode plate causing the short circuit is shifted to the nodulation cathode plate collecting frame (50) to be released;
(4) The polar plate picking manipulator (20) fills the cathode plate backup plate on the cathode plate backup plate storage rack (60) at the corresponding electrolysis position, wherein the electrolysis time length of the cathode plate backup plate is the same as that of the nodulation cathode plate;
the nodulation cathode plate stored on the nodulation cathode plate collecting frame (50) is transported to a nodulation plate treatment and standby plate center (90) to treat nodulation on the nodulation cathode plate, and the nodulation cathode plate is stored as a cathode standby plate after the electrolytic time length mark is displayed on the nodulation cathode plate.
2. The copper electrolytic short-circuiting treatment method according to claim 1, wherein: the inner sides of the side frames (12) at the two sides of the movable truss (10) are respectively provided with a nodulation cathode plate collecting frame (50) and a cathode plate standby plate storage frame (60).
3. The copper electrolytic short-circuiting treatment method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the upper beam rail (11) comprises a first upper beam rail (11A) and a second upper beam rail (11B) which are horizontally arranged at intervals in parallel, the transverse moving trolley (40) comprises a trolley beam (41), wheels at two ends of the trolley beam (41) are respectively arranged on the first upper beam rail (11A) and the second upper beam rail (11B) in a rolling mode, the lifting mechanism (30) and the trolley beam (41) form displacement matching and displace along the length direction of the trolley beam (41), the displacement stroke of the lifting mechanism (30) on the trolley beam (41) is matched with the width of a polar plate, and the nodulation cathode plate collecting frame (50) and the cathode plate standby plate storage rack (60) are located below the side where the first upper beam rail (11A) is located or below the side where the first upper beam rail (11A) and the second upper beam rail (11B) are located.
4. The copper electrolytic short-circuiting treatment method according to claim 1, wherein: the processing system comprises a controller (70) and a short circuit detector (80) which are arranged on the movable truss (10), a short circuit polar plate position signal detected by the short circuit detector (80) is transmitted to the controller (70), the controller (70) outputs a driving signal to drive the movable truss (10) and the transverse movable trolley (40) to move to an electrolysis position of a short circuit fault, and the polar plate pickup manipulator (20) picks up a short circuit cathode plate and ascends when the lifting mechanism (30) descends to a low position.
5. The copper electrolytic short-circuiting treatment method according to claim 4, wherein: the controller (70) outputs a driving signal to drive the polar plate pickup manipulator (20) to move to the nodulation cathode plate collecting frame (50) to release the nodulation cathode plate; the controller (70) outputs a driving signal to drive the polar plate pickup manipulator (20) to move to the position of the negative plate standby plate storage rack (60) to pick up the negative plate standby plate, and the negative plate standby plate is transferred to the corresponding electrolysis position of the removed nodulation negative plate to release the negative plate standby plate.
6. The copper electrolytic short-circuiting treatment method according to claim 1, wherein: each electrolysis district in the electrolysis factory building corresponds and sets up high-order short circuit detector (110), and short circuit negative plate electrolysis position that high-order short circuit detector (110) detected is transmitted to control center (100), and controller (70) on movable truss (10) are sent to the command signal of control center (100), and controller (70) control movable truss (10) displacement is to short circuit negative plate electrolysis position, and short circuit detector (80) that set up on movable truss (10) are carried out and are patrolled and examined and confirm nodulation negative plate electrolysis position.
7. The copper electrolytic short-circuiting treatment method according to claim 6, wherein: the control center (100) receives cathode plate preparation information of the nodulation plate treatment and preparation center (90), wherein the cathode plate preparation information comprises cathode plate electrolysis duration and sequence numbers, and the cathode plate preparation is arranged according to the cathode plate electrolysis duration or sequence numbers.
CN202210517038.0A 2022-05-12 2022-05-12 Copper electrolysis short circuit treatment method Active CN114672852B (en)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111474500A (en) * 2020-05-13 2020-07-31 赤峰追风数控机械有限公司 Electrolytic plate short circuit open circuit automatic inspection and treatment system in nonferrous metal electrolytic refining
CN211394659U (en) * 2019-12-25 2020-09-01 重庆科技学院 Short circuit, open circuit and cathode nodulation monitoring and alarming system in electrolytic process
CN112011808A (en) * 2019-05-31 2020-12-01 江西瑞林装备有限公司 Discharging and loading integrated system of electrolytic cell and discharging and loading control method of electrolytic cell

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108896856A (en) * 2018-07-03 2018-11-27 北方工业大学 Method and system for rapidly detecting cathode short circuit

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112011808A (en) * 2019-05-31 2020-12-01 江西瑞林装备有限公司 Discharging and loading integrated system of electrolytic cell and discharging and loading control method of electrolytic cell
CN211394659U (en) * 2019-12-25 2020-09-01 重庆科技学院 Short circuit, open circuit and cathode nodulation monitoring and alarming system in electrolytic process
CN111474500A (en) * 2020-05-13 2020-07-31 赤峰追风数控机械有限公司 Electrolytic plate short circuit open circuit automatic inspection and treatment system in nonferrous metal electrolytic refining

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