CN114672027B - High-mechanical-strength self-repairing self-adhesive polysiloxane elastomer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-mechanical-strength self-repairing self-adhesive polysiloxane elastomer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-mechanical-strength self-repairing self-adhesive polysiloxane elastomer and a preparation method thereof. The invention forms a high cross-linked network polymer with weak hydrogen bonds and dynamic disulfide bonds by reacting side chain amino of side methyl aminopropyl vinyl polysiloxane with vinyl, mercapto of thioglycolic acid and carboxyl of dithiodibenzoic acid molecules, and then adds metal ions into the polymer to form a plurality of coordination bonds with the carboxyl, the weak hydrogen bonds and other bonds in the high cross-linked network polymer. In this network, the pendant vinyl groups on the pendant methylaminopropylvinylpolysiloxanes are modified to more reactive carboxyl groups, forming strong coordination with metal ions, and the pendant amino groups on the polysiloxane react with the dithiodibenzoic acid molecule to introduce dynamic disulfide bonds into the polysiloxane system. The material has good room temperature self-repairing performance, high elongation at break, high tensile strength and excellent self-adhesive performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of high polymer materials, and relates to the field of polysiloxane elastomers which have high mechanical strength, can self-repair and can be adhered to the surfaces of different materials, in particular to a polysiloxane elastomer which has high mechanical strength and can self-repair and be adhered and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Because the elastomer polysiloxane has excellent performances of weather resistance, good acid and alkali resistance, wide applicable temperature range, no toxicity, no odor and the like, the elastomer polysiloxane is widely applied to the new scientific and technological fields of aerospace, national defense and military industry, mechanical buildings, electronic equipment and the like, and is one of the most important materials in special synthetic high polymer materials in the world at present. In practical applications, however, the elastomeric polysiloxane is subjected to stretching, compressing or shearing by mechanical equipment for a long time, so that microscopic or macroscopic damages such as micro cracks appear in the material, and the service life of the elastomeric polysiloxane is greatly reduced. Therefore, the use of the elastomer with self-repairing performance can effectively slow down the mechanical loss generated to the material matrix in operation and effectively prolong the service life of the material. The method can effectively save labor cost and mechanical cost, and has great significance for the application of materials in various fields.
And secondly, the elastomer polysiloxane has good electrical insulation and high temperature resistance, so that the elastomer polysiloxane is widely applied to the industrial fields of electronic appliances, automobiles, kitchenware preparation and the like. Elastomeric polysiloxanes provide better sealing properties and are more suitable for use in more harsh environments than many plastics that also have electrically insulating properties. However, in many applications, elastomeric polysiloxanes also have limitations in their use because they do not form good bonds with various substrates such as plastics, metals. Although elastomers are now widely bonded to substrates by means of elastomeric adhesives, there are certain disadvantages, such as the need to carefully select the proper type of adhesive, the need to apply the adhesive uniformly during use, etc., and the use of elastomeric adhesives also results in increased costs. More critically, many adhesives are suitable only in dry environments, and when applied in wet or underwater environments, the adhesive loses its adhesive properties, which can result in the release of the elastomeric silicone from the substrate surface with immeasurable consequences. In conclusion, the elastomer with the self-adhesive property is designed, so that the problem of adhesion between the elastomer and the base material can be effectively solved, and the elastomer is favorably applied to more complex environments.
Meanwhile, the conventional elastomer polysiloxane has weak mechanical property and is difficult to apply to special fields with high requirements on the mechanical property of materials. Therefore, preparing an elastomeric polysiloxane which has high mechanical properties, can realize self-repairing under conventional conditions, and can be self-adhered to the surfaces of different materials is a major challenge and urgent requirement in the field of research of polysiloxane materials at present.
In recent years, researchers have generally introduced chemical bonds and functional small molecules with non-chemical bonds into the macromolecular skeleton of elastomer polysiloxane to prepare elastomers with the performance of self-repairing performance and the like, thereby expanding the application range of elastomer polysiloxane materials. Currently, there have been few reports of work on the introduction of functional linkages into silicone elastomers to prepare multifunctional elastomeric silicones. However, the materials capable of realizing rapid repair of the elastomer at room temperature often need means such as illumination, temperature rise treatment, solvent stimulation and the like, so that the elastomer can be self-repaired only under harsh conditions and has poor repair effect. Summer henshen et al, in patent CN 107814937A, disclose a self-healing, reworkable silicone elastomer based on urea linkages. They reacted diisocyanates with amino-terminated polysiloxanes and prepared crosslinked polysiloxane elastomers using the feature of hydrogen bonding into the network. The elastomer has excellent heavy processing performance and mechanical property, but the self-repairing performance of the elastomer can be realized only at 80 ℃, so that the application range of the elastomer is limited. Tianming et al, patent CN109422880A, disclose a polysiloxane elastomer which is cross-linked by hybridization between a metal coordination bond and a hydrogen bond. The material is a polysiloxane elastomer capable of self-repairing at room temperature, which is prepared by constructing a cross-linking network by an amide group, metal ions and amino-terminated polymethylvinyl. The material has simple process and easily obtained raw materials, can realize self-repairing at room temperature, but has poor mechanical property, the highest tensile strength can only reach 680KPa, the longest elongation at break can only reach 1194 percent, and the application field is limited. According to literature research, no report is found on the research of preparing the elastomer polysiloxane with room temperature self-repairing performance and self-adhesive performance by introducing various dynamic bonds at present.
Therefore, the invention introduces functional molecules into polysiloxane chains through design so as to obtain the high-mechanical self-repairing polymer with self-bonding. The polymer has excellent elongation at break and tensile strength, can realize self-repairing loss in environment without external stimulation such as room temperature, low temperature, underwater and the like, has self-adhesion, can be adhered to the surfaces of different base materials at room temperature, and can still keep good self-adhesion under severe conditions such as underwater and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The first purpose of the present invention is to provide an elastomeric polysiloxane which has high mechanical strength, self-repairing property and self-adhesive property, and overcomes the technical defects in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an elastomer polysiloxane with high mechanical strength, self-repairing property and self-adhesive property is prepared through the reaction of side-chain amino of side-methyl aminopropyl vinyl polysiloxane with the mercapto groups of vinyl and mercaptoacetic acid and the carboxyl group of dithiodibenzoic acid molecule to form a high-crosslinked network polymer with weak hydrogen bond and dynamic disulfide bond, and adding metal ions to the polymer to form multiple coordination bonds with the carboxyl groups and weak hydrogen bond in the high-crosslinked network polymer.
The chemical structural formula is as follows:
wherein a is more than or equal to 1; b is more than or equal to 1; c is more than or equal to 1; d is more than or equal to 1; m x+ Represents a metal ion, preferably Fe 2+ 、Fe 3+ 、Zn 2+ One or more of (a).
The high-mechanical self-repairing self-adhesive elastomer polysiloxane has an elongation at break of at least 3000%;
the self-repairing time of the high-mechanical self-repairing self-adhesive elastomer polysiloxane is less than or equal to 120s;
the second purpose of the invention is to provide a preparation method of the high-mechanical self-repairing self-adhesive elastomer polysiloxane, which comprises the following steps:
adding side methyl aminopropyl vinyl polysiloxane into tetrahydrofuran until the side methyl aminopropyl vinyl polysiloxane is completely dissolved, adding thioglycollic acid and a photoinitiator, uniformly stirring, and irradiating by using an ultraviolet lamp to obtain a polymer 1;
the side methyl aminopropyl vinyl polysiloxane Mn = 30000-50000 g mol -1 The structural formula is shown as the following formula (I):
the structural formula of the thioglycolic acid is shown as a formula (II):
preferably, in the step one, the dosage of the photoinitiator is 1 to 5 weight percent of the total mass of the elastomer;
preferably, in step one, the photoinitiator is selected from one or a combination of the following: 2,2 dimethylolpropionic acid, 2-methyl-1- (4-methylthiophenyl) -2-morpholinyl-1-propanone, 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl-diphenylphosphinophosphorus oxide.
Preferably, in step one, the molar ratio of pendant aminovinylmethylpolysiloxane to thioglycolic acid is 1: (1-10);
preferably, in the step one, the irradiation time of the ultraviolet lamp is 5 to 30min. For controlling the grafting efficiency of thioglycolic acid, more preferably 15-20 min;
step two, adding the polymer 1 and dithiodibenzoic acid into tetrahydrofuran, stirring until the dithiodibenzoic acid and tetrahydrofuran are completely dissolved, and then heating to react to obtain a polymer 2;
the structural formula of the dithiodibenzoic acid is shown as a formula (III):
preferably, in step two, the molar ratio of polymer 1 to dithioxylene is 1: (1-5);
preferably, in the second step, the reaction temperature is 50-100 ℃, and more preferably 60-70 ℃;
preferably, in the second step, the reaction time is 2 to 6 hours, and more preferably 3 to 4 hours;
and step three, adding a metal salt tetrahydrofuran solution into the polymer 2 obtained in the step two, stirring for reaction, removing the solvent, heating and curing for a certain time to obtain the elastomer polysiloxane which has high mechanical property, can self-repair and can be adhered to the surfaces of different substrates.
Preferably, in step three, the molar ratio of polymer 2 to metal ions in the metal salt is 1: (1-10);
preferably, in the third step, the concentration of the tetrahydrofuran solution of the metal salt is 0.05-0.1 g/ml;
preferably, in the third step, the stirring reaction temperature is 25-30 ℃, and the stirring time is 10-12 h; the solvent volatilization time at room temperature is 10 to 12 hours;
preferably, in the third step, the temperature is raised to a curing temperature of 60 to 120 ℃. The curing temperature affects the degree of molecular chain entanglement in the polymer, resulting in elastomers exhibiting different mechanical strengths, more preferably 90-100 ℃;
preferably, in the third step, the curing time is 4 to 12 hours, more preferably 8 to 10 hours;
preferably, in step three, the metal salt is selected from one or a combination of the following substances: feCl 3 、FeCl 2 、ZnCl 2 、FeSO 4 、Fe 2 (SO4) 3 、ZnSO 4 、Zn(ClO 4 ) 2 。
The invention relates to a high-mechanical self-repairing self-adhesive elastomer polysiloxane, which is characterized in that aminopropyl of side methyl aminopropyl vinyl polysiloxane reacts with vinyl, mercapto of thioglycolic acid and carboxyl of dithiodibenzoic acid molecules to form a high cross-linked network with weak hydrogen bonds and dynamic disulfide bonds, and then a metal salt solution is added into a polymer to form a plurality of coordination bonds with the carboxyl, the weak hydrogen bonds and other bonds in the molecular network.
In the technical scheme of the invention, the copolymer is prepared in three steps to design and construct various bonds in a network to realize multiple properties of the material. In this network, the pendant vinyl groups on the pendant methylaminopropylvinylpolysiloxanes are modified to more reactive carboxyl groups, forming a strong coordination with the metal ions, and the pendant amino groups on the pendant methylaminopropylvinylpolysiloxanes react with the dithiodibenzoic acid molecules to introduce dynamic disulfide bonds into the polysiloxane system. Under the action of force, the coordination bonds and the disulfide bonds are destroyed, and after the external force is removed, the coordination bonds and the disulfide bonds are reformed, so that the material has self-repairing performance.
The third purpose of the invention is to provide the application of the polysiloxane elastomer based on multiple dynamic covalent bonds in the high-mechanical, self-repairing and self-adhesive materials.
Compared with the prior invention, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the elastomer polysiloxane prepared by the invention designs more reactive active groups on the structure, and simultaneously introduces disulfide bonds and physical hydrogen bonds into the structure by using a simple preparation process, so that a novel elastomer structure with multiple bond functions is constructed, the self-repairing performance of the material is greatly improved, and scratch repair of the material at room temperature is realized within 120 s.
2. The high-mechanical self-repairing self-adhesive elastomer polysiloxane prepared by the invention has elongation at break higher than 3000% and can reach 5500% at most, and the physical and mechanical properties of high elongation at break are realized.
3. By regulating and controlling the crosslinking density, the material has high-strength self-adhesive performance and can be stably adhered to a plurality of base materials.
4. The raw materials are simple and easy to obtain, are commercial products, are simple in synthesis process, low in cost and easy for large-scale production, and have wide application prospects.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a nuclear magnetic hydrogen spectrum of the high mechanical self-repairing self-adhesive elastomer polysiloxane prepared in examples 1, 2 and 3 of the invention.
FIG. 2 is an infrared spectrum of the high mechanical self-repairing self-adhesive elastomer polysiloxane prepared in examples 1, 2 and 3 of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a stress-strain curve of the high mechanical self-healing self-bondable elastomer silicone prepared according to examples 1, 2, 3 of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of self-repairing of high mechanical self-repairing self-adhesive elastomer polysiloxane prepared in examples 1, 2 and 3 of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a test demonstration of the lap bond strength of the high mechanical self-healing self-bondable elastomeric polysiloxane prepared in examples 1, 2, and 3 of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a graph showing the self-adhesion performance of examples 1, 2 and 3 of the present invention on the glass surface under water flow conditions.
FIG. 7 is a bar graph of the bonding strength of the high mechanical self-repairing self-bondable elastomer polysiloxane prepared in examples 1, 2 and 3 of the invention based on a wood board.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and specific examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Synthesized side methyl aminopropyl vinyl polysiloxane Mn = 30000-50000 g mol -1 The formula is shown as follows.
Specifically, the reaction formula of the preparation process is as follows:
example 1
1) 10g of a pendant methylaminopropylvinylpolysiloxane (Mn =50000g mol) were taken -1 The molar ratio of methyl, aminopropyl and vinyl in the side methylaminopropylvinylpolysiloxane is 8;
2) Adding 3.5g of dithiodibenzoic acid into the prepared polymer, uniformly mixing, standing at 60 ℃, stirring for reacting for 3h, and taking out;
3) And finally, adding 6.22ml of 0.1g/ml anhydrous zinc chloride solution into the polymer, uniformly stirring for 12 hours, pouring the mixture into a mold, placing the mold in a fume hood for leveling at room temperature after the mixture is fully reacted, transferring the mold into a vacuum oven at 90 ℃ after tetrahydrofuran is volatilized, drying for 12 hours, and demolding to obtain the high-mechanical self-repairing self-adhesive polysiloxane elastomer.
Example 2
1) 10g of a pendant methylaminopropylvinylpolysiloxane (Mn =30000g mol) were taken -1 A: b = 14), after being sufficiently dissolved in 20ml of tetrahydrofuran, 0.3g of 2, 2-dimethylolpropionic acid and 0.23g of thioglycolic acid are added, stirred until uniform, placed under an ultraviolet lamp, and then stirred and irradiated for 30min, and then taken out;
2) Adding 1.76g of dithiodibenzoic acid into the prepared polymer, uniformly mixing, standing at 60 ℃, stirring for reacting for 3h, and taking out;
3) And finally, adding 8.34ml of anhydrous ferric chloride solution of 0.1g/ml into the polymer, uniformly stirring for 10h, pouring the mixture into a mold, placing the mold in a fume hood for leveling at room temperature after the mixture is fully reacted, transferring the mold into a vacuum oven of 120 ℃ after tetrahydrofuran is volatilized, drying for 12h, and demolding to obtain the elastomer.
Example 3
1) 10g of a pendant methylaminopropylvinylpolysiloxane (Mn =35000g mol) -1 The molar ratio of methyl, aminopropyl and vinyl in the side methylaminopropylvinylpolysiloxane is 6;
2) Adding 2.3g of dithiodibenzoic acid into the prepared polymer, uniformly mixing, standing at 65 ℃, stirring for reacting for 3 hours, and taking out;
3) And finally, adding 3.11ml of 0.2g/ml anhydrous zinc chloride solution into the polymer, uniformly stirring for 12 hours, pouring the mixture into a mold, placing the mold in a fume hood for leveling at room temperature after the mixture is fully reacted, transferring the mold into a vacuum oven at 100 ℃ after tetrahydrofuran is volatilized, drying for 10 hours, and demolding to obtain the elastomer.
Example 4
1) 10g of a pendant methylaminopropylvinylpolysiloxane (Mn =40000g mol) were taken -1 Side armorThe molar ratio of methyl, aminopropyl and vinyl groups in the aminopropylvinyl polysiloxane is 6;
2) Adding 1.15g of dithiodibenzoic acid into the prepared polymer, uniformly mixing, standing at 70 ℃, stirring for reacting for 5 hours, and taking out;
3) And finally, adding 6.67ml of anhydrous zinc chloride solution of 0.1g/ml into the polymer, uniformly stirring for 12 hours, pouring the mixture into a mold, placing the mold in a fume hood for leveling at room temperature after the mixture is fully reacted, transferring the mold into a vacuum oven of 90 ℃ after tetrahydrofuran is volatilized, drying for 10 hours, and demolding to obtain the elastomer.
Example 5
1) 10g of a pendant methylaminopropylvinylpolysiloxane (Mn =30000g mol) were taken -1 A: b =8, 1) in 20ml of tetrahydrofuran, and then adding 0.35g of 2-methyl-1- (4-methylthiophenyl) -2-morpholinyl-1-propanone and 0.46g of thioglycolic acid, stirring until uniform, placing under an ultraviolet lamp, stirring, irradiating for 20min, and taking out;
2) Adding 1.15g of dithiodibenzoic acid into the prepared polymer, uniformly mixing, standing at 65 ℃, stirring for reacting for 3.5h, and taking out;
3) And finally, adding 6.67ml of anhydrous zinc sulfate solution of 0.1g/ml into the polymer, uniformly stirring for 12h, pouring the mixture into a mold, placing the mold in a fume hood for leveling at room temperature after the mixture is fully reacted, transferring the mold into a vacuum oven of 90 ℃ after tetrahydrofuran is volatilized, drying for 12h, and demolding to obtain the elastomer.
The specific process parameters for examples 1-5 are shown in table 1 below:
Comparative example 1
1) 10g of a pendant methylaminopropylvinylpolysiloxane (Mn =50000g mol) were taken -1 ) After the materials are fully dissolved in 20ml of tetrahydrofuran, 0.2g of 2, 2-dimethylolpropionic acid and 1.76g of thioglycolic acid are added, the mixture is stirred until the mixture is uniform and then placed under an ultraviolet lamp to be stirred and irradiated for 35min, and the mixture is taken out, so that the materials are gelled, the next operation cannot be carried out, and finally the elastomer cannot be obtained.
Comparative example 2
1) 10g of a pendant methylaminopropylvinylpolysiloxane (Mn =50000g mol) were taken -1 ) After being fully dissolved in 20ml of tetrahydrofuran, 0.2g of 2, 2-dimethylolpropionic acid and 2.2g of thioglycolic acid are added, stirred to be uniform and then placed under an ultraviolet lamp to be stirred and irradiated for 15min and taken out;
2) Adding 5.9g of dithiodibenzoic acid into the prepared polymer, uniformly mixing, standing at 60 ℃, stirring for reacting for 3 hours, and taking out;
3) And finally, adding 6.22ml of 0.1g/ml anhydrous zinc chloride solution into the polymer, uniformly stirring for 12 hours, pouring the mixture into a mold, placing the mold in a fume hood for leveling at room temperature after the mixture is fully reacted, transferring the mold into a vacuum oven at 150 ℃ after tetrahydrofuran is volatilized, drying for 12 hours, and demolding to obtain the elastomer. Due to the excessively high crosslinking temperature, the elastomers lose their mechanical properties and are brittle.
FIG. 1 is a nuclear magnetic hydrogen spectrum of the high mechanical self-repairing self-adhesive elastomer polysiloxane prepared in example 1 of the present invention. (a) Side methyl aminopropyl vinyl polysiloxane, (b) the synthesized high mechanical self-repairing self-adhesive elastomer polysiloxane of the invention. As can be seen from the figure, the synthetic high mechanical self-repairing self-adhesive elastomeric polysiloxane of the present invention showed two newly added peaks of j and k at 7.1ppm and 7.3ppm, which correspond to the hydrogen peaks of the phenyl groups on the dithiodibenzoic acid introduced, which demonstrates the successful preparation of the elastomeric polysiloxane of example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an infrared spectrum of the high mechanical self-repairing self-adhesive elastomer polysiloxane prepared in examples 1, 2 and 3 of the present invention. At 600cm -1 To 3400cm -1 In the wavenumber range, 1591cm -1 The N-H peak at (A) indicates the successful reaction of the aminopropyl group on the pendant methylaminopropylvinylpolysiloxane with the carboxyl group on the dithiodibenzoic acid, and 1700cm -1 The disappearance of the C = O peak and the carbon-carbon double bond peak where they appear indicates the successful grafting of the vinyl group on the pendant methylaminopropyl vinylpolysiloxane with the mercapto group of thioglycolic acid. 3370cm -1 The stretching vibration peaks of the N-H groups at the left and right indicate that almost all the N-H groups form hydrogen bond interaction.
FIG. 3 is a stress-strain curve of the high mechanical self-healing self-bondable elastomer silicone prepared in examples 1, 2 and 3 of the present invention. As can be seen from the data in the figure, the elongation at break was 5400%, 3500%, 3248% in order, and the tensile strength was 2.25MPa, 2.5MPa, 1.96MPa in order.
FIG. 4 is a self-healing performance demonstration of examples 1, 2, 3 of the present invention; the elastomer sample sheets prepared in examples 1, 2 and 3 were cut into two small pieces with uniform size and regular cuts by a disposable blade, and then the two small pieces were quickly re-spliced into one piece and left at room temperature for 2min, with the repair results shown in the figure.
FIG. 5 is a self-adhesive performance display of examples 1, 2 and 3 of the present invention; after the elastomers prepared in examples 1, 2, and 3 were lap-bonded to two aluminum plates, an iron plate having a lifting weight of 4kg was pulled as shown in the figure.
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the self-adhesive properties of examples 1, 2 and 3 of the present invention on a glass surface under water flow conditions; the elastomers prepared in examples 1, 2, and 3 were adhered to the surface of a broken glass container, and the samples maintained good adhesion under water flow conditions and were able to adhere stably to the glass surface.
FIG. 7 is a representation of the adhesion performance of examples 1, 2, 3 of the present invention; as can be seen from the data in the figure, the bonding performance tests of examples 1, 2 and 3 using the wood board as the base material have the bonding strengths of 0.98MPa, 0.96MPa and 1.12MPa in sequence.
In conclusion, the elastomer which has good mechanical properties, self-repairing capability and excellent self-adhesive property is prepared by the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The elastomer polysiloxane has high mechanical strength, self-repairing property and self-adhesive property, the elongation at break is at least 3000%, and the self-repairing time at room temperature is less than or equal to 120s; it is characterized in that the chemical structural formula is as follows:
wherein a is more than or equal to 1; b is more than or equal to 1; c is more than or equal to 1; d is more than or equal to 1; m x+ Represents a metal ion.
2. The high mechanical self-repairing self-adhesive elastomer polysiloxane as claimed in claim 1, wherein M is x + Is Fe 2+ 、Fe 3+ 、Zn 2+ One or more of (a).
3. The preparation method of the high mechanical self-repairing self-adhesive elastomer polysiloxane as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized by comprising the following steps:
adding side methyl aminopropyl vinyl polysiloxane into tetrahydrofuran until the side methyl aminopropyl vinyl polysiloxane is completely dissolved, adding thioglycollic acid and a photoinitiator, uniformly stirring, and irradiating by using an ultraviolet lamp to obtain a polymer 1;
the structural formula of the side methyl aminopropyl vinyl polysiloxane is shown as the following formula (I):
the structural formula of the thioglycolic acid is shown as a formula (II):
step two, adding the polymer 1 and dithiodibenzoic acid into tetrahydrofuran, stirring until the dithiodibenzoic acid and tetrahydrofuran are completely dissolved, and then heating to react to obtain a polymer 2;
the structural formula of the dithiodibenzoic acid is shown as a formula (III):
and step three, adding a metal salt tetrahydrofuran solution into the polymer 2 obtained in the step two, stirring for reaction, removing the solvent, heating and curing for a certain time to obtain the elastomer polysiloxane which has high mechanical property, can self-repair and can be adhered to the surfaces of different substrates.
4. The preparation method of the high mechanical self-repairing self-adhesive elastomer polysiloxane as claimed in claim 3, wherein in the first step, the dosage of the photoinitiator is 1 to 5wt% of the total mass of the side methylaminopropyl vinyl polysiloxane, and the molar ratio of the side aminovinyl methyl polysiloxane to the thioglycolic acid is 1: (1-10); in step two, the molar ratio of polymer 1 to dithioxylene is 1: (1-5); in the third step, the molar ratio of the polymer 2 to the metal ions in the metal salt is 1: (1-10).
5. The preparation method of the high mechanical self-repairing self-adhesive elastomer polysiloxane as claimed in claim 3 or 4, wherein in the first step, the photoinitiator is selected from one or a combination of the following substances: 2,2 dimethylolpropionic acid, 2-methyl-1- (4-methylthiophenyl) -2-morpholinyl-1-propanone, 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl-diphenylphosphinophosphorus oxide.
6. The preparation method of the high-mechanical self-repairing self-adhesive elastomer polysiloxane according to claim 3, wherein in the first step, the ultraviolet lamp irradiation time is 5-30 min; in the second step, the reaction temperature is 50-100 ℃, and the reaction time is 2-6 h; in the third step, the stirring reaction temperature is 25-30 ℃, and the stirring time is 10-12 h; the solvent volatilization time at room temperature is 10-12 h, the temperature rise curing temperature is 60-120 ℃, and the curing time is 4-12 h.
7. The preparation method of the high mechanical self-repairing self-adhesive elastomer polysiloxane according to claim 3, characterized in that in the third step, the concentration of the metal salt tetrahydrofuran solution is 0.05-0.1 g/ml.
8. The preparation method of the high mechanical self-repairing self-adhesive elastomer polysiloxane according to claim 3, characterized in that in the third step, the metal salt is selected from one or a combination of the following substances: feCl 3 、FeCl 2 、ZnCl 2 、FeSO 4 、Fe 2 (SO4) 3 、ZnSO 4 、Zn(ClO 4 ) 2 。
9. The method for preparing the high mechanical self-repairing self-adhesive elastomer polysiloxane as claimed in claim 3, wherein in the step one, the side methyl aminopropyl vinyl polysiloxane Mn = 30000-50000 gmol -1 。
10. Use of the elastomeric polysiloxanes of claim 1 or 2 in high mechanical, self-healing and self-bondable materials.
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