CN114671796B - Method for synthesizing N-alkyl phthalimide by photocatalysis - Google Patents
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 230000001699 photocatalysis Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000007146 photocatalysis Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- TXNLQUKVUJITMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-tert-butyl-2-(4-tert-butylpyridin-2-yl)pyridine Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=NC(C=2N=CC=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)=C1 TXNLQUKVUJITMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000004440 column chromatography Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000012295 chemical reaction liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000003504 photosensitizing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- YCIMNLLNPGFGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N catechol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1O YCIMNLLNPGFGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- -1 chloropropyl Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N Trichloro(2H)methane Chemical compound [2H]C(Cl)(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000003141 primary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001644 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003818 flash chromatography Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000008282 halocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002390 rotary evaporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical class O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000006800 Gabriel amine synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007259 addition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- XKJCHHZQLQNZHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalimide Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)NC(=O)C2=C1 XKJCHHZQLQNZHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003862 amino acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000010504 bond cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003776 cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002485 formyl group Chemical class [H]C(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007342 radical addition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007017 scission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003335 secondary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- DZLFLBLQUQXARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrabutylammonium Chemical compound CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC DZLFLBLQUQXARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The invention provides a method for synthesizing N-alkyl phthalimide by photocatalysis, which comprises the following steps: s1: adding N-alkenyl phthalimide and a photosensitizer Ir dF (CF 3)ppy]2(dtbbpy)PF6) into a reaction tube with a stirrer, adding free radical precursor alkylsilicon into the reaction tube, S2, adding dimethyl sulfoxide into the reaction tube, evacuating the reaction tube, replacing nitrogen, placing under a 9W blue light LED lamp for irradiation, stirring, diluting a reaction liquid with ethyl acetate and water, extracting with ethyl acetate, S3, merging organic phases obtained by extraction, drying with anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtering again to obtain an organic phase solution, removing a solvent by a rotary evaporator, and then separating by column chromatography by using a mixed solution of petroleum ether and ethyl acetate as a leaching agent, and finally distilling by the rotary evaporator to obtain the product N-alkyl phthalimide.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of photocatalytic synthesis, in particular to a method for synthesizing N-alkyl phthalimide by photocatalysis.
Background
Primary amines are a basic and important class of organic compounds and are also important intermediates in chemical reactions. The hydrolysis reaction of N-alkylphthalimide is one of the important methods for synthesizing primary amines, which is known as the Gabriel amine synthesis. The synthesis method has no side reaction problem of secondary amine and tertiary amine, so that the method can be used for synthesizing primary amine with higher purity. In the process for preparing N-substituted phthalimides, the classical method commonly used is to react phthalimide with halogenated hydrocarbons under the action of a base (as in equation (1)). However, the synthesis method is suitable for primary halogenated hydrocarbon with high reactivity, and the reaction efficiency is poor for secondary halogenated hydrocarbon, and more side reactions are involved.
Compared with the low efficiency between the secondary halogenide and the phthalimide, the N-alkenyl phthalimide provides a good alternative strategy for the radical addition reaction of the receptor. For example, synthesis of unnatural amino acid derivatives (e.g., equation (2)) can be accomplished under iron catalysis with olefins as free radical precursors. In addition, under the catalysis of tetrabutylammonium decatungstate (TBADT), aldehyde is used as a free radical precursor, and acyl free radicals and N-alkenyl phthalimide are generated through the cleavage of a C-H bond to carry out an addition reaction (as shown in a reaction formula (3)). The catalytic system can also generate C-H bond cleavage to generate alkyl free radical for hydrogen on benzyl position and three stages and perform addition reaction, but the efficiency is general.
In view of the universality and universality of the Gabriel amine synthesis method in primary amine synthesis, the development of an efficient N-alkyl phthalimide synthesis method still has important significance, and particularly the N-alkyl phthalimide synthesis method with mild reaction conditions, simple operation, good universality and high efficiency is more important.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for synthesizing N-alkylphthalimide by photocatalysis, which aims to solve the problems of low reaction efficiency, more byproducts and poor universality in conventional reaction.
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a method for synthesizing N-alkylphthalimide by photocatalysis, which comprises the following specific steps:
S1: adding N-alkenylphthalimide and a photosensitizer Ir [ dF (CF 3)ppy]2(dtbbpy)PF6, after which a radical precursor alkylsilicon is added to the reaction tube with stirrer;
S2: adding dimethyl sulfoxide into the reaction tube after the operation in the step S1, evacuating the reaction tube, replacing nitrogen, placing under a 9W blue light LED lamp for irradiation, stirring, diluting the reaction liquid with ethyl acetate and water, and extracting with ethyl acetate;
S3: combining the organic phases obtained by extraction in the step S2, drying the combined organic phases with anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtering the dried organic phases again to obtain an organic phase solution, and removing the solvent through a rotary evaporator; then, the mixture of petroleum ether and ethyl acetate is used as a leaching agent for column chromatography separation, and finally, the product N-alkyl phthalimide is obtained by distillation through a rotary evaporator.
Preferably, in the step S1, the molar ratio of the N-alkenylphthalimide to Ir [ dF (CF 3)ppy]2(dtbbpy)PF6) is1 (0.01-0.03).
As a preferred scheme, in the step S1, the molar ratio of the N-alkenylphthalimide to the radical precursor alkylsilicon is 1: (1.5-2.5).
In a preferred embodiment, in the step S1, the radical precursor alkylsilicon is one of chloropropyl bis (catechol) silicate-18-crown-6-potassium, cyclohexyl bis (catechol) silicate-18-crown-6-potassium and ethyl bis (catechol) silicate-18-crown-6-potassium.
Preferably, in the step S2, the stirring conditions are as follows: stirred at room temperature for 24 hours.
As a preferred scheme, in the step S1 and the step S2, the molar ratio of the N-alkenylphthalimide to dimethyl sulfoxide is 1: (400-450).
In a preferred embodiment, in the step S3, the volume ratio of the petroleum ether to the ethyl acetate in the mixed solution of the petroleum ether and the ethyl acetate is 10:1.
In a preferred embodiment, in the step S3, the length of the silica gel column in the column chromatography separation is 10cm.
As a preferred embodiment, the method has the following reaction scheme:
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the invention provides a novel method for synthesizing N-alkyl phthalimide by photocatalysis, which comprises the steps of preparing a catalyst, and carrying out photocatalysis reaction on the catalyst; the invention has the advantages of wide substrate application range, good functional group compatibility, mild and efficient reaction conditions and simple operation; the invention provides a novel method for synthesizing N-alkyl phthalimide by taking high-valence organic silicon as a free radical precursor and N-alkenyl phthalimide as a free radical acceptor under the condition of mild visible light irradiation without alkali and external reducing agent, which has the advantages of low preparation cost, simple condition, higher universality and universality, fewer reaction byproducts, high reaction efficiency and higher popularization and commercial values.
Detailed Description
The following description of the present invention will be made clearly and fully, and it is apparent that the embodiments described are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention provides the following method for obtaining N-alkyl phthalimide through photocatalysis synthesis:
The invention provides a method for synthesizing N-alkyl phthalimide by photocatalysis, which comprises the following specific steps:
S1: adding N-alkenylphthalimide and a photosensitizer Ir [ dF (CF 3)ppy]2(dtbbpy)PF6, after which a radical precursor alkylsilicon is added to the reaction tube with stirrer;
S2: adding dimethyl sulfoxide into the reaction tube after the operation in the step S1, evacuating the reaction tube, replacing nitrogen, placing under a 9W blue light LED lamp for irradiation, stirring, diluting the reaction liquid with ethyl acetate and water, and extracting with ethyl acetate;
S3: combining the organic phases obtained by extraction in the step S2, drying the combined organic phases with anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtering the dried organic phases again to obtain an organic phase solution, and removing the solvent through a rotary evaporator; then, the mixture of petroleum ether and ethyl acetate is used as a leaching agent for column chromatography separation, and finally, the product N-alkyl phthalimide is obtained by distillation through a rotary evaporator.
Preferably, in the step S1, the molar ratio of the N-alkenylphthalimide to Ir [ dF (CF 3)ppy]2(dtbbpy)PF6) is 1 (0.01-0.03).
Preferably, in the step S1, the molar ratio of the N-alkenylphthalimide to the radical precursor alkylsilicon is 1: (1.5-2.5).
Preferably, in the step S1, the radical precursor alkylsilicon is one of chloropropyl bis (catechol) silicate-18-crown-6-potassium, cyclohexyl bis (catechol) silicate-18-crown-6-potassium and ethyl bis (catechol) silicate-18-crown-6-potassium.
Preferably, in the step S2, the stirring condition is: stirred at room temperature for 24 hours.
Preferably, in the step S1 and the step S2, the molar ratio of the N-alkenylphthalimide to dimethyl sulfoxide is 1: (400-450).
Preferably, in the step S3, the volume ratio of the petroleum ether to the ethyl acetate in the mixed solution of the petroleum ether and the ethyl acetate is 10:1.
Preferably, in the step S3, in the column chromatography separation, a length of the silica gel column is 10cm.
Preferably, the method has the following reaction formula:
The above method is described below in conjunction with specific data:
Example 1
S1: the magneton was placed in a reaction tube, ir [ dF (CF 3)ppy]2(dtbbpy)PF6 (4.5 mg, 0.04 mmol,0.02 equiv.) was added, ethyl 2- (N-phthalimide) acrylate (49.0 mg,0.2mmol,1.0 equiv.) the reaction tube was placed in a glove box, and chloropropyl bis (catechol) silicate-18-crown ether-6-potassium (249.8 mg,0.4mmol,2.0 equiv.) was weighed out in the glove box;
s2: the reaction tube was taken out with a rubber stopper, dried dimethyl sulfoxide (6 mL) was added under nitrogen, and the rubber stopper was sealed with a sealing film. The reaction tube is placed under a blue light LED lamp with the weight of 9W for irradiation, after stirring reaction for 24 hours at room temperature, the illumination reaction is stopped, 6mL of water is added into the reaction solution, and extraction is performed by ethyl acetate (4X 10 mL);
S3: the organic phases were combined, washed with 5mL of saturated brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and the solvent was removed by rotary evaporation of the filtrate, followed by flash column chromatography using a mixture of petroleum ether and ethyl acetate (V Petroleum ether ：V Acetic acid ethyl ester = 10:1) to give 45.9mg of the desired product in 71% yield as a pale yellow viscous liquid. Analytical data were as follows:
1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3):δ7.88-7.86(m,2H),7.77-7.75(m,2H),4.83(dd,J＝10.4Hz,5.2Hz,1H),4.23-4.16(m,2H),3.51-3.48(m,2H),2.32-2.21(m,2H),1.88-1.74(m,2H),1.51-1.41(m,2H),1.22(t,J＝7.2Hz,3H);13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3):δ169.1,167.7,134.2,131.7,123.6,61.9,52.0,44.5,31.8,27.9,23.6,14.1;HRMS(ESI)calculated for C16H19ClNO4[M+H]+324.1003,found 324.1007.
The reaction formula of the above examples is as follows:
Example two
S1: the magneton was placed in a reaction tube, ir [ dF (CF 3)ppy]2(dtbbpy)PF6 (4.5 mg, 0.04 mmol,0.02 equiv.) was added, ethyl 2- (N-phthalimide) acrylate (49.0 mg,0.2mmol,1.0 equiv.) the reaction tube was placed in a glove box, and cyclohexylbis (catechol) silicate-18-crown-6-potassium (252.0 mg,0.4mmol,2.0 equiv.) was weighed out in the glove box;
s2: the reaction tube was taken out with a rubber stopper, dried dimethyl sulfoxide (6 mL) was added under nitrogen, and the rubber stopper was sealed with a sealing film. The reaction tube is placed under a blue light LED lamp with the weight of 9W for irradiation, after stirring reaction for 24 hours at room temperature, the illumination reaction is stopped, 6mL of water is added into the reaction solution, and extraction is performed by ethyl acetate (4X 10 mL);
S3: the organic phases were combined, washed with 5mL of saturated brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and the solvent was removed by rotary evaporation of the filtrate, followed by flash column chromatography using a mixture of petroleum ether and ethyl acetate (V Petroleum ether ：V Acetic acid ethyl ester = 10:1) to give 54.6mg of the desired product in 83% yield as a pale yellow viscous liquid. Analytical data were as follows:
1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3):δ7.87-7.84(m,2H),7.75-7.72(m,2H),4.95(dd,J＝11.5Hz,4.4Hz,1H),4.21-4.14(m,2H),2.29-2.23(m,1H),2.04-1.98(m,1H),1.87(d,J＝12.7Hz,1H),1.71-1.60(m,4H),1.20(t,J＝7.1Hz,3H),1.15-1.09(m,4H),1.02-0.97(m,1H),0.95-0.86(m,1H);13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3):δ169.8,167.7,134.1,131.8,123.4,61.7,50.1,35.9,34.3,33.7,31.6,26.3,26.1,25.8,14.0.
the general reaction scheme for example 2 above is as follows:
Example III
S1: the magneton was placed in a reaction tube, ir [ dF (CF 3)ppy]2(dtbbpy)PF6 (4.5 mg, 0.04 mmol,0.02 equiv.) and 1- (N-phthalimide) styrene (49.0 mg,0.2mmol,1.0 equiv.) were added, and the reaction tube was placed in a glove box where ethyl bis (catechol) silicate-18-crown ether-6-potassium (230.4 mg,0.4mmol,2.0 equiv.) was weighed;
s2: the reaction tube was taken out with a rubber stopper, dried dimethyl sulfoxide (6 mL) was added under nitrogen, and the rubber stopper was sealed with a sealing film. The reaction tube is placed under a blue light LED lamp with the weight of 9W for irradiation, after stirring reaction for 24 hours at room temperature, the illumination reaction is stopped, 6mL of water is added into the reaction solution, and extraction is performed by ethyl acetate (4X 10 mL);
s3: the organic phases were combined, washed with 5mL of saturated brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and the solvent was removed by rotary evaporation of the filtrate, followed by flash column chromatography using a mixture of petroleum ether and ethyl acetate (V Petroleum ether ：V Acetic acid ethyl ester = 10:1) to give 37.4mg of the desired product in 67% yield as a pale yellow viscous liquid. Analytical data were as follows:
1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3):δ7.71-7.70(m,2H),7.59-7.58(m,2H),7.46(d,J＝7.8Hz,2H),7.25-7.22(m,2H),7.18-7.15(m,1H),5.28-5.25(m,1H),2.53-2.46(m,1H),2.18-2.11(m,1H),1.31-1.22(m,2H),0.88(t,J＝7.3Hz,3H);13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3):δ168.4,139.8,133.9,131.8,128.4,128.1,127.7,123.1,54.6,32.9,20.2,13.7.
the general reaction scheme for example 3 above is as follows:
the preparation reaction and the product test of the above examples 1-3 further illustrate that the invention does not need alkali and external reducing agent, and provides a novel method for synthesizing N-alkyl phthalimide by taking high-valence organosilicon as a free radical precursor and N-alkenyl phthalimide as a free radical acceptor under the condition of mild visible light irradiation, and meanwhile, the problems of low yield and more byproducts in the conventional preparation method are solved.
Although the present disclosure is described above, the scope of protection of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Various changes and modifications may be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure, and these changes and modifications will fall within the scope of the invention.
Claims (2)
1. A method for synthesizing N-alkyl phthalimide by photocatalysis, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
S1: adding N-alkenylphthalimide and a photosensitizer Ir [ dF (CF 3)ppy]2(dtbbpy)PF6, after which a radical precursor alkylsilicon is added to the reaction tube with stirrer;
S2: adding dimethyl sulfoxide into the reaction tube after the operation in the step S1, evacuating the reaction tube, replacing nitrogen, placing under a 9W blue light LED lamp for irradiation, stirring, diluting the reaction liquid with ethyl acetate and water, and extracting with ethyl acetate;
S3: combining the organic phases obtained by extraction in the step S2, drying the combined organic phases with anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtering the dried organic phases again to obtain an organic phase solution, and removing the solvent through a rotary evaporator; then, using the mixed solution of petroleum ether and ethyl acetate as a leaching agent to carry out column chromatography separation, and finally, distilling by a rotary evaporator to obtain a product N-alkylphthalimide;
in the step S1, the molar ratio of the N-alkenyl phthalimide to Ir (dF (CF 3)ppy]2(dtbbpy)PF6 is 1:0.01-0.03;
In the step S1, the molar ratio of the N-alkenyl phthalimide to the free radical precursor alkyl silicon is 1:1.5-2.5;
In the step S1, the free radical precursor alkyl silicon is one of chloropropyl bis (catechol) silicate-18-crown ether-6-potassium, cyclohexyl bis (catechol) silicate-18-crown ether-6-potassium and ethyl bis (catechol) silicate-18-crown ether-6-potassium;
And when the radical precursor alkylsilicon is chloropropyl bis (catechol) silicate-18-crown-6-potassium, the radical precursor alkylsilicon has the structural formula: The reaction formula of the method is as follows: ；
when the radical precursor alkylsilicon is cyclohexylbis (catechol) silicate-18-crown-6-potassium, the radical precursor alkylsilicon has the structural formula: The reaction formula of the method is as follows: ；
When the radical precursor alkylsilicon is ethyl bis (catechol) silicate-18-crown-6-potassium, the radical precursor alkylsilicon has the structural formula: The reaction formula of the method is as follows: ；
in the step S2, the stirring conditions are as follows: stirring at room temperature for 24 hours;
In the step S1 and the step S2, the molar ratio of the N-alkenyl phthalimide to the dimethyl sulfoxide is 1:400-450.
2. The method for the photocatalytic synthesis of N-alkylphthalimide according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step S3, the volume ratio of petroleum ether to ethyl acetate in the mixed solution of petroleum ether and ethyl acetate is 10:1.
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