CN114671458A - Preparation method and application of perovskite material - Google Patents
Preparation method and application of perovskite material Download PDFInfo
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- C01G21/00—Compounds of lead
- C01G21/006—Compounds containing, besides lead, two or more other elements, with the exception of oxygen or hydrogen
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method and application of a perovskite material, wherein the chemical formula of the perovskite material is CsPbX3Wherein X is Cl, Br or I; the preparation method of the perovskite material comprises the following steps: s1, mixing the cesium precursor and the lead precursor in a microwave bottle at normal temperature, and then adding octadecene, a polar solvent and a surfactant to obtain a mixed solvent; s2, ultrasonically dissolving the mixed solvent at normal temperature, then placing the mixed solvent in a microwave heating device for heating reaction, stopping microwave heating and cooling after the reaction, and then quickly cooling the reaction liquid; s3, go to step S2Adding a cleaning agent into the cooled reaction solution, and centrifuging and washing to obtain the solid CsPbX3A perovskite material. The perovskite material preparation method provided by the invention adopts a simple microwave heating synthesis process, does not need inert gas protection in the synthesis process, overcomes the problems of poor reproducibility, complex operation, full reaction rate, poor practical application and the like, and is a green preparation method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of photocatalytic oxidation, in particular to a preparation method of a perovskite material and application of the perovskite material in photocatalytic oxidation of carbon monoxide.
Background
It is well known that carbon monoxide (CO) is a toxic gas, having a great impact on both humans and the environment. The pollutant carbon monoxide is mainly derived from the exhaust emissions of automotive and industrial manufacturing processes and from the incomplete combustion of various fuels. Over the past decade, much attention has been paid to the development of efficient processes for the conversion of carbon monoxide to other harmless gases. Therefore, the research and development of the carbon monoxide photocatalytic oxidation catalyst which is high in efficiency, low in cost and good in stability are of great significance.
At present, rare earth metal oxides, bimetallic oxides, supported bimetallic oxides and the like are mainly adopted as materials for photo-catalytic oxidation of carbon monoxide, but the materials generally have the defects of low conversion efficiency, slow reaction rate, poor practical application and the like; and most of the photocatalytic oxidation carbon monoxide reactions have the problems of complex reaction system, undefined reaction mechanism, poor product selectivity and the like. Therefore, the photocatalytic oxidation of carbon monoxide reaction system also greatly limits its oxidation efficiency.
Aiming at the problems, the development of the visible light carbon monoxide material with high stability and high efficiency, the improvement of the selectivity of the product, the exploration of the optimal reaction system and the further research of the reaction mechanism are particularly key. Of the numerous photocatalytic materials, CsPbX 3The perovskite nanocrystal has a plurality of excellent optical properties and a unique crystal structureAnd electronic structures exhibit excellent photocatalytic potential, and thus, are regarded by a wide variety of researchers.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of low conversion efficiency, slow reaction rate, poor practical application and the like of the existing carbon monoxide material oxidized by photocatalysis, the invention provides the CsPbX which is green, environment-friendly, simple in process and suitable for large-scale production3Perovskite material preparation method and CsPbX prepared by method3The perovskite material is used for photocatalytic oxidation of carbon monoxide, and can overcome the defects of low conversion efficiency, slow reaction rate, poor practical application and the like of the conventional photocatalytic oxidation carbon monoxide material.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the preparation method of the perovskite material is characterized in that the chemical formula of the perovskite material is CsPbX3Wherein X is Cl, Br or I;
the preparation method of the perovskite material comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing the cesium precursor and the lead precursor in a microwave bottle at normal temperature, and then adding Octadecene (ODE), a polar solvent and a surfactant to obtain a mixed solvent;
S2, ultrasonically dissolving the mixed solvent at normal temperature, then placing the mixed solvent in a microwave heating device for heating reaction, stopping microwave heating and cooling after the reaction, and then quickly cooling the reaction liquid;
s3, adding a cleaning agent into the reaction solution after the rapid cooling in the step S2, and centrifugally washing to obtain the solid CsPbX3A perovskite material.
Specifically, the invention provides a microwave-assisted heating synthesis method of CsPbX aiming at the defects of the existing photocatalytic oxidation carbon monoxide material and technology3The preparation method of the perovskite material, the material prepared by the method is a stable and high-efficiency perovskite material, and the optimal reaction conditions of the perovskite material are explored aiming at the defects of poor selectivity and the like of a photocatalytic oxidation carbon monoxide system; the CsPbX3The perovskite material can effectively promote the separation of photon-generated carriers and improve the photoreaction efficiencyThe method solves the defects of poor stability, low activity, poor practical applicability and the like of the traditional photocatalytic oxidation carbon monoxide material. The CsPbX provided by the invention3The perovskite material has the advantages of simple and easy synthesis method, low production cost, considerable yield and environmental friendliness. The prepared CsPbX3The perovskite material is used for a system for photocatalytic oxidation of carbon monoxide, and has the advantages of mild reaction conditions, simple and easy operation and wide application prospect.
Further, a preparation method of the perovskite material comprises the following steps: the cesium precursor described in step S1 is cesium carbonate (Cs)2CO3) (ii) a The lead precursor is selected from lead chloride (PbCl)2) Lead bromide (PbBr)2) Lead iodide (PbI)2) Any one of the above. Wherein: the solid raw materials are analytically pure, and the purity is over 99.90 percent.
Further, a preparation method of the perovskite material comprises the following steps: the molar ratio of the cesium precursor to the lead precursor is 1: (3-5).
Further, a preparation method of the perovskite material comprises the following steps: the volume ratio of the octadecene to the polar solvent in the step S1 is (1-2): 1; the volume ratio of the octadecene to the surfactant is (5-10): 1.
further, a preparation method of the perovskite material comprises the following steps: the polar solvent in step S1 is Diethylene Glycol Butyl Ether (DGBE); the surfactant is a mixture of Oleic Acid (OA) and oleylamine (OAm).
Further, a preparation method of the perovskite material comprises the following steps: the volume ratio of the oleic acid to the oleylamine is 1: 1.
further, a preparation method of the perovskite material comprises the following steps: and step S2, ultrasonically dissolving the mixed solvent at normal temperature, then placing the mixed solvent in a microwave heating device, stirring and heating to 100-200 ℃, reacting for 5-10 minutes, stopping microwave heating after the reaction is finished, cooling to 65-75 ℃, and then placing the reaction liquid in an ice water bath to rapidly cool to room temperature.
Further, a preparation method of the perovskite material comprises the following steps: step S3, adding a cleaning agent into the reaction solution after the rapid cooling, and centrifugally washing for 2-3 times to obtain solidCsPbX3A perovskite material; wherein the cleaning agent is ethyl acetate.
The application of the perovskite material is characterized in that the CsPbX prepared by the preparation method is used3Perovskite materials are used for photocatalytic oxidation of carbon monoxide.
Further, the application of the perovskite material comprises the following steps: the CsPbX3Use of a perovskite material for the photocatalytic oxidation of carbon monoxide: with the CsPbX3The perovskite material is a photocatalyst, nitrogen is used as carrier gas, oxygen is used as oxidant, a xenon lamp is used as a light source, and carbon monoxide is oxidized into carbon dioxide.
Specifically, the preparation method of the perovskite material adopts microwave-assisted heating to synthesize CsPbX3(wherein X ═ Cl, Br or I), and CsPbX3The perovskite material is applied to a photocatalytic oxidation carbon monoxide system, the perovskite material is used as a catalyst, and N is2As carrier gas, O2Using an infrared analyzer as an oxidant and a xenon lamp as a lamp source, performing online analysis, and observing the conversion rate of the reaction according to the consumption of carbon monoxide (CO), wherein the carbon monoxide (CO) is mainly oxidized into carbon dioxide (CO) 2). CsPbX of the present invention3The perovskite material is carried out in a microwave reactor, a CO catalytic oxidation reaction system is studied in dynamic airflow, an experiment is carried out in a catalytic evaluation device, a catalyst is put into a quartz tube, and then CO and N are introduced2And O2Mixing the gases, and illuminating with a xenon lamp after the gas flow is stable.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) according to the preparation method of the perovskite material, the synthesis process does not need inert gas protection, the heating speed is high, the heating is uniform, the temperature can be controlled more accurately, the problems of poor reproducibility, complex operation and incapability of large-scale production are solved, and the preparation method is green.
(2) The CsPbX prepared by the invention3The perovskite material is introduced into a photocatalytic oxidation carbon monoxide reaction system, so that the problems of low conversion efficiency, low reaction rate and the like of the existing photocatalytic oxidation carbon monoxide material are solvedPoor practical application and the like.
(3) According to the preparation method of the perovskite material, a microwave-assisted synthesis process is adopted, microwave-assisted synthesis is adopted, the penetrability is high, the heating speed is high, the heating is uniform, the temperature can be controlled more accurately, the crystallization quality of quantum dots is greatly improved, the activity is stronger, and the perovskite material with high quality and high fluorescence yield is finally obtained.
(4) The preparation method of the perovskite material does not need inert gas protection, and has the advantages of high reproducibility, simple synthesis process, suitability for large-scale production, environmental friendliness and the like.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 shows CsPbX prepared in example 1 of the present invention3An emission spectrum of the perovskite material, wherein the abscissa represents wavelength, the ordinate is relative intensity, and the values identified in the figure are peak wavelengths;
FIG. 2 shows CsPbX prepared in example 1 of the present invention3The X-ray fluorescence diffraction pattern of the perovskite material has the abscissa representing the included angle of incident light and reflected light and the ordinate being relative intensity;
FIGS. 3(a) - (c) are CsPbX3An activity comparison graph of the perovskite after illumination in a carbon monoxide oxidation system is constructed, wherein the abscissa represents time, and the ordinate represents concentration; FIG. 3(d) shows CsPbBr 3And (3) a reaction comparison graph of the perovskite material under xenon lamp illumination and natural illumination, wherein the abscissa represents time, and the ordinate represents concentration.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A preparation method of a perovskite material, wherein the chemical formula of the perovskite material is CsPbCl3(ii) a The CsPbCl3The preparation method of the perovskite material sequentially comprises the following specific steps:
s1, weighing 1.0mol of cesium carbonate (Cs)2CO3) Precursor and 3.0mol of lead chloride (PbCl)2) Mixing the precursor and the solvent in a microwave bottle at normal temperature, and then adding 5.0mL of Octadecene (ODE), 5.0mL of Diethylene Glycol Butyl Ether (DGBE), 0.5mL of Oleic Acid (OA) and 0.5mL of oleylamine (OAm) into the microwave bottle to obtain a mixed solvent; wherein: the raw materials of cesium carbonate and lead chloride are analytically pure, and the purity is over 99.90 percent;
S2, ultrasonically dissolving the mixed solvent at normal temperature, then placing the mixed solvent in a microwave heating device, stirring and heating to 100 ℃, preserving heat and reacting for 5 minutes, stopping microwave heating after the reaction is finished, cooling the reaction liquid to 70 ℃, and then placing the reaction liquid in an ice water bath to rapidly cool to room temperature;
s3, adding ethyl acetate into the reaction solution after the rapid cooling in the step S2, and centrifugally washing for 3 times to obtain solid CsPbCl3A perovskite material.
CsPbCl prepared in example 1 above was taken3The perovskite material utilizes a time-resolved fluorescence spectrometer to test that the excitation wavelength is 365nm, the width of an incident light slit is 1nm, the width of an emergent light slit is 0.5nm, the abscissa of the perovskite material represents the wavelength, and the ordinate of the perovskite material is the fluorescence intensity. As can be seen from FIG. 1, the fluorescence peak is at 528nm, the half-peak width is approximately 21nm, and the sample emits green fluorescence. The fluorescence quantum yield tested by this apparatus was 55%. Taken together, the lower fluorescence quantum efficiency indicates a slower speed of electron and hole recombination in the valence and conduction bands, electron andthe effective separation of the cavity can improve the oxidation efficiency of the cavity to pollutants, and finally, the aim of removing the pollutants is fulfilled.
Example 2
A preparation method of a perovskite material, the chemical formula of which is CsPbBr 3；CsPbBr3The preparation method of the perovskite material sequentially comprises the following specific steps:
s1, weighing 1.0mol of cesium carbonate (Cs)2CO3) Precursor and 4.5mol of lead bromide (PbBr)2) Mixing the precursor and the solvent in a microwave bottle at normal temperature, and then adding 8.0mL of Octadecene (ODE), 5.0mL of Diethylene Glycol Butyl Ether (DGBE), 0.5mL of Oleic Acid (OA) and 0.5mL of oleylamine (OAm) into the microwave bottle to obtain a mixed solvent; wherein: the cesium carbonate and the lead bromide are analytically pure, and the purity is over 99.90 percent;
s2, ultrasonically dissolving the mixed solvent at normal temperature, then placing the mixed solvent in a microwave heating device, stirring and heating to 180 ℃, keeping the temperature for reaction for 6 minutes, stopping microwave heating after the reaction is finished, cooling the reaction liquid to 75 ℃, and then placing the reaction liquid in an ice water bath to rapidly cool to room temperature;
s3, adding ethyl acetate into the reaction solution after the rapid cooling in the step S2, and centrifugally washing for 2 times to obtain solid CsPbBr3A perovskite material.
CsPbBr prepared in example 2 was taken3The perovskite material is diffracted by an X-ray diffractometer, as shown in figure 2, the abscissa in the figure represents the included angle of incident light and reflected light, and the ordinate is relative intensity; as can be seen from the figure, the prepared samples were mixed with CsPbBr 3The standard cards of (JCPDS Card No. 54-0751) are matched, and other miscellaneous items are not detected, which indicates that CsPbBr is successfully synthesized3。
Example 3
A preparation method of a perovskite material, wherein the chemical formula of the perovskite material is CsPbI3(ii) a The CsPbI3The preparation method of the perovskite material sequentially comprises the following specific steps:
s1, weighing 1.0mol of cesium carbonate (Cs)2CO3) Precursor and 3.0mol of lead iodide (PbI)2) Mixing the precursor and the solvent in a microwave bottle at normal temperature, and then adding 10.0mL of Octadecene (ODE), 5.0mL of Diethylene Glycol Butyl Ether (DGBE), 0.5mL of Oleic Acid (OA) and 0.5mL of oleylamine (OAm) into the microwave bottle to obtain a mixed solvent; wherein: the raw materials of cesium carbonate and lead iodide are analytically pure, and the purity is over 99.90 percent;
s2, ultrasonically dissolving the mixed solvent at normal temperature, then placing the mixed solvent in a microwave heating device, stirring and heating to 130 ℃, keeping the temperature for reaction for 9 minutes, stopping microwave heating after the reaction is finished, cooling the reaction liquid to 65 ℃, and then placing the reaction liquid in an ice water bath to rapidly cool to room temperature;
s3, adding ethyl acetate into the reaction solution after the rapid cooling in the step S2, and centrifugally washing for 3 times to obtain solid CsPbI 3A perovskite material.
The application comprises the following steps:
CsPbCl prepared in the above examples 1 to 3 was added3、CsPbBr3And CsPbI3Respectively filling perovskite materials into quartz tubes to be used as catalysts, and then carrying out CO oxidation catalytic reaction by taking nitrogen as carrier gas and oxygen as an oxidant; the reaction is carried out under normal pressure, and the optimal CO photocatalytic oxidation condition can be selected by changing different light sources, different oxygen contents, different gas component influences, different airspeeds and long-term stability performance tests. Through researching the optimal condition of the perovskite material applied to a photocatalytic oxidation CO reaction system, a foundation is provided for further researching the reaction mechanism of the perovskite material.
Application 1: application of perovskite material, CsPbX3Use of a perovskite material for the photocatalytic oxidation of carbon monoxide: with the CsPbX3The perovskite material is used as a photocatalyst, nitrogen is used as a carrier gas, oxygen is used as an oxidant, a xenon lamp is used as a light source, and carbon monoxide is oxidized into carbon dioxide, wherein the specific process of the photocatalytic oxidation of the carbon monoxide is as follows:
(1) 30.0mg of CsPbCl prepared in example 1 above was accurately weighed3The perovskite material was filled in a quartz tube having an inner diameter of 7mm, and N was introduced thereinto2、O2The CO and mixed gas (total flow is 500mL/min), a xenon lamp is used as a lamp source, an infrared analyzer is used for on-line analysis, the conversion rate of the reaction is investigated according to the consumption of CO, and researches show that CO can be converted into CO under the xenon lamp 2(ii) a The results of catalytic oxidation of CO are shown in FIG. 3 (b).
(2) 30.0mg of CsPbBr prepared in example 2 above was accurately weighed3The perovskite material was filled in a quartz tube having an inner diameter of 7mm, and N was introduced thereinto2、O2The CO and mixed gas (total flow is 500mL/min), a xenon lamp is used as a lamp source, an infrared analyzer is used for on-line analysis, the conversion rate of the reaction is investigated according to the consumption of CO, and researches show that CO can be converted into CO under the xenon lamp2(ii) a The results of catalytic oxidation of CO are shown in FIG. 3 (a).
(3) 30.0mg of CsPbI prepared in example 3 above was accurately weighed3The perovskite material was filled in a quartz tube having an inner diameter of 7mm, and N was introduced thereinto2、O2The CO and mixed gas (total flow is 500mL/min), a xenon lamp is used as a lamp source, an infrared analyzer is used for on-line analysis, the conversion rate of the reaction is investigated according to the consumption of CO, and researches show that CO can be converted into CO under the xenon lamp2(ii) a The results of catalytic oxidation of CO are shown in FIG. 3 (c).
FIGS. 3(a) - (c) are CsPbBr, respectively3、CsPbCl3、CsPbI3And (3) an activity comparison graph of the perovskite material after being irradiated in a carbon monoxide catalytic oxidation system is constructed, wherein the abscissa represents time, and the ordinate represents concentration. When CsPbBr of example 2 was added3In the case of perovskite materials, CO is completely oxidized after 30 minutes; when CsPbCl of example 1 was added 3In the case of perovskite materials, CO is completely oxidized after 60 minutes; when CsPbI of example 3 was added3For perovskites, the CO was completely oxidized after 110 minutes. The above results illustrate the CsPbX prepared by the present invention3The perovskite material can promote the transfer of photo-generated electrons of a system, effectively inhibit the recombination of the photo-generated electrons and holes, and further facilitate the CO adsorbed on the surface of the perovskite material to accept the electrons to perform an oxidation reaction.
FIG. 3(d) shows CsPbBr3The reaction contrast diagram of the perovskite material under xenon lamp illumination and natural illumination is shown in the figure, wherein the abscissa represents time, and the ordinate represents concentration, and as shown in the figure, after xenon lamp illumination, the reaction of promoting electron migration and CO adsorbed on the surface of the material is more favorable.
Application 2: investigating the influence of different gas components on the photocatalytic material: 30.0mg of CsPbCl prepared in example 1 above was accurately weighed3The perovskite material was filled in a quartz tube having an inner diameter of 7mm, and N was introduced thereinto2、O2And CO (total flow is 500mL/min), taking a xenon lamp as a lamp source, and adopting an infrared analyzer to perform online analysis; then, O with different concentration is introduced2(0%, 2%, 5%, 10% and 15%), SO2(250ppm, 500ppm, 1000ppm and 1500ppm), NO (250ppm, 500ppm, 1000ppm and 1500ppm) and H 2O (2%, 5% and 10%), which was examined for CsPbX3Influence of photocatalytic oxidation of CO by perovskite Material (where different concentrations of O are introduced2、SO2NO and H2O is used for simulating CsPbX under the actual gas condition3The effect of the perovskite material photo-catalytically oxidizing CO). Found in the study that O2And NO is more beneficial to photo-catalytic oxidation of CO, so that the conversion rate of CO is accelerated. At a NO concentration of 500 ppm: CsPbBr3The perovskite material photocatalytically oxidizes CO, and the CO can be completely converted into CO within 10 minutes2；CsPbCl3The perovskite material photocatalytically oxidizes CO, and the CO can be completely converted into CO within 20 minutes2；CsPbI3The perovskite material photocatalytically oxidizes CO, and the CO can be completely converted into CO within 35 minutes2The conversion speed is effectively improved. However, SO2And H2O to CsPbX3The perovskite photocatalytic oxidation CO has a certain inhibiting effect, and the catalytic oxidation performance is increasingly poor, which is probably caused by the poisoning of the catalyst.
Application 3: investigating the influence of different space velocities on the photocatalytic material: 30.0mg, 60.0mg and 90.0mg of CsPbCl prepared in example 1 were accurately weighed, respectively3Perovskite material is filled into quartz tubes with the inner diameter of 7mm respectively, and N is introduced2、O2Mixed gas of CO (total flow rate 500mL/min), xenon lampFor the lamp source, an infrared analyzer was used for on-line analysis, and the conversion rate of the reaction was examined as the amount of CO consumed. The results show that the more the content of the catalyst is, the longer the contact time of the gas and the catalyst is, and the faster the CO conversion speed is; 90mg CsPbX 3Complete conversion of CO can be achieved in about 10 minutes for the perovskite.
To sum up, CsPbX3The best conditions of the perovskite material photocatalytic oxidation CO reaction system are as follows: a certain amount of NO is introduced into the constructed carbon monoxide photocatalytic oxidation system, a xenon lamp is used as a light source, and CO gas and CsPbX are ensured3The contact time of the perovskite catalyst is longer.
The invention provides a preparation method of a perovskite material for photocatalytic oxidation of carbon monoxide and application of the perovskite material in photocatalytic oxidation of carbon monoxide, wherein the chemical formula of the perovskite material is CsPbX3Wherein X is Cl, Br or I. The prepared CsPbX3The perovskite material is used as a catalyst for photocatalytic oxidation of CO, and the catalyst can remarkably improve the efficiency of photocatalytic oxidation of carbon monoxide. Meanwhile, the perovskite material is prepared by a simple microwave heating synthesis process without inert gas protection, so that the problems of poor reproducibility, complex operation, slow reaction rate, poor practical application and the like are solved, and the preparation method is an environment-friendly preparation method. In addition, the CsPbX prepared by the method of the invention3Perovskite materials also have strong fluorescent properties.
The above-mentioned preferred embodiments of the present invention are provided for illustration only and not for the purpose of limiting the invention. Obvious variations or modifications of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the perovskite material is characterized in that the chemical formula of the perovskite material is CsPbX3Wherein X is Cl, Br or I;
the preparation method of the perovskite material comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing the cesium precursor and the lead precursor in a microwave bottle at normal temperature, and then adding octadecene, a polar solvent and a surfactant to obtain a mixed solvent;
s2, ultrasonically dissolving the mixed solvent at normal temperature, then placing the mixed solvent in a microwave heating device for heating reaction, stopping microwave heating and cooling after the reaction, and then quickly cooling the reaction liquid;
s3, adding a cleaning agent into the reaction liquid after the rapid cooling in the step S2, and centrifugally washing to obtain solid CsPbX3A perovskite material.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the cesium precursor in step S1 is cesium carbonate; the lead precursor is selected from any one of lead chloride, lead bromide and lead iodide.
3. The process for producing a perovskite material as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the molar ratio of the cesium precursor to the lead precursor is 1: (3-5).
4. The process according to claim 1, wherein the volume ratio of octadecene to polar solvent in step S1 is (1-2): 1; the volume ratio of the octadecene to the surfactant is (5-10): 1.
5. The process according to claim 1 or 4, wherein the polar solvent in step S1 is diethylene glycol monobutyl ether; the surfactant is a mixture of oleic acid and oleylamine.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the volume ratio of oleic acid to oleylamine is 1: 1.
7. the method for preparing a perovskite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step S2 is that the mixed solvent is ultrasonically dissolved at normal temperature, and then placed in a microwave heating device to be stirred and heated to 100 ℃ and 200 ℃, the reaction is carried out for 5-10 minutes, the microwave heating is stopped after the reaction is finished, and the reaction solution is cooled to 65-75 ℃, and then placed in an ice water bath to be rapidly cooled to room temperature.
8. The method for preparing a perovskite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step S3 is to add a cleaning agent into the reaction solution after rapid cooling, and centrifugally wash for 2-3 times to obtain the solid CsPbX3A perovskite material; wherein the cleaning agent is ethyl acetate.
9. Use of a perovskite material, wherein CsPbX prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 8 3Perovskite materials are used for photocatalytic oxidation of carbon monoxide.
10. Use of a perovskite material according to claim 9, wherein CsPbX is3Use of a perovskite material for the photocatalytic oxidation of carbon monoxide: with the CsPbX3The perovskite material is a photocatalyst, nitrogen is used as carrier gas, oxygen is used as oxidant, a xenon lamp is used as a light source, and carbon monoxide is oxidized into carbon dioxide.
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