CN114669966B - Processing method of oil cylinder body - Google Patents
Processing method of oil cylinder body Download PDFInfo
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- CN114669966B CN114669966B CN202210332037.9A CN202210332037A CN114669966B CN 114669966 B CN114669966 B CN 114669966B CN 202210332037 A CN202210332037 A CN 202210332037A CN 114669966 B CN114669966 B CN 114669966B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
- F15B15/08—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit
- F15B15/14—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit of the straight-cylinder type
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
Abstract
The disclosure provides a processing method of an oil cylinder body, and belongs to the field of machining. The processing method comprises the following steps: processing the peripheral wall of a cylinder body blank so that the peripheral wall of the cylinder body blank is arc-shaped and has roughness smaller than a preset value, and the cylinder body blank is of a hollow cylindrical structure; detecting the center coordinates of the circular arc; machining a mounting surface and a communication hole on the peripheral wall of the cylinder body blank by taking the central coordinate of the circular arc as a reference; welding a joint at the mounting surface to obtain a cylinder body welding piece, wherein the interior of the joint is communicated with the corresponding communication hole; and processing the piston hole by taking the center coordinate of the circular arc as a reference, so that the piston hole is coaxial with the circular arc, and obtaining the cylinder body. The cylinder body machining precision can be improved through the machining method.
Description
Technical Field
The disclosure belongs to the field of machining, and particularly relates to a machining method of an oil cylinder body.
Background
The cylinder body is one of important components of the oil cylinder, and is provided with a piston hole for accommodating the piston. In general, since the cylinder body is also required to be assembled with other joints so that the inside of the cylinder body is communicated with the outside for oil injection or ventilation, and the like, communication holes and mounting surfaces are also provided on the outer wall of the cylinder body, and the mounting surfaces and the communication holes are arranged in one-to-one correspondence. The communication hole is used for communicating the interior of the cylinder body with the outside. The mounting surface is located the one side that the intercommunicating pore was kept away from the piston hole, and the mounting surface is perpendicular with the axis of corresponding intercommunicating pore, and the mounting surface is used for installing the joint, and the joint inside has the joint hole, connects the hole and communicates with corresponding intercommunicating pore.
In the related art, when the cylinder body is machined, firstly, the center point of the mounting surface is marked on the outer wall of the cylinder body, two ends of the cylinder body are fixed on a machine tool, then milling is performed at the marked position, so that the mounting surface is machined on the outer wall of the cylinder body, and then the movable hole and the communication hole are sequentially machined by taking the mounting surface as a reference.
However, because the outer wall of the cylinder body is directly milled to obtain the mounting surface, the machining precision (flatness and roughness) of the mounting surface is low, when the piston hole is machined by taking the mounting surface as a reference, the center distance between the piston hole and the mounting surface is easy to be insufficient to meet the machining requirement, and the machining precision of the cylinder body is poor and does not meet the machining requirement.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the disclosure provides a processing method of an oil cylinder body, which can improve the processing precision of the cylinder body. The technical scheme is as follows:
the embodiment of the disclosure provides a processing method of an oil cylinder body, comprising the following steps: processing the peripheral wall of a cylinder body blank so that the peripheral wall of the cylinder body blank is arc-shaped and has roughness smaller than a preset value, and the cylinder body blank is of a hollow cylindrical structure; detecting the center coordinates of the circular arc; processing a mounting surface and communication holes on the peripheral wall of the cylinder body blank by taking the central coordinate of the circular arc as a reference, wherein the mounting surface and the communication holes are arranged in one-to-one correspondence, the mounting surface is a plane, the mounting surface is perpendicular to the axis of the corresponding communication hole, and the mounting surface is positioned at one end of the corresponding communication hole; welding a joint at the mounting surface to obtain a cylinder body welding piece, wherein the interior of the joint is communicated with the corresponding communication hole; and processing the piston hole by taking the center coordinate of the circular arc as a reference, so that the piston hole is coaxial with the circular arc, and obtaining the cylinder body.
In yet another implementation of the present disclosure, the detecting the center coordinates of the arc includes: fixing a dial indicator on a main shaft of a boring machine; the position of the main shaft is adjusted so that the detection head of the dial indicator is propped against the outer peripheral wall of the circular arc; rotating the spindle at least one revolution and observing the readings of the dial indicator; repeating the steps for a plurality of times, and taking the coordinate of the position of the main shaft when the reading change amplitude of the dial indicator is minimum as the center coordinate of the circular arc.
In yet another implementation of the present disclosure, the machining the piston bore such that the piston bore is coaxial with the circular arc includes: boring a rough machining inner hole in the cylinder body blank by taking the center coordinate of the circular arc as a reference, wherein a first machining allowance is reserved in the rough machining inner hole; boring the first machining allowance to machine a rough movable hole on the basis of the rough machined inner hole, wherein a second machining allowance is reserved in the rough movable hole, and the second machining allowance is smaller than the first machining allowance; honing the second tooling allowance to machine the piston bore based on the coarse piston bore.
In yet another implementation of the present disclosure, the first tooling allowance is not less than 1mm and not greater than 1.5mm, and the second tooling allowance is not less than 0.6mm and not greater than 0.8mm.
In yet another implementation of the present disclosure, the boring the first tooling allowance includes: and (5) increasing the boring size of the boring cutter by equal amount for a plurality of times until all the first machining allowance is finished.
In yet another implementation of the present disclosure, the processing method further includes: and detecting the tightness of the cylinder body welding piece through a pumping pressure detection device.
In yet another implementation of the present disclosure, the pumping device includes a first end cap having an oil hole in a middle thereof, a second end cap, and a plurality of joint caps; the detection of tightness of the cylinder body welding piece by the pumping pressure detection device comprises the following steps: the first end cover and the second end cover are respectively and hermetically arranged at two ends of the cylinder body welding piece; sealing the plurality of connector caps over corresponding connectors and enabling venting of vent connectors in the connectors; and oil is conveyed to the inside of the cylinder body welding piece through the oil hole, the cylinder body welding piece is filled with the oil, the exhaust joint is blocked, and the tightness of the cylinder body welding piece is checked.
In yet another implementation of the present disclosure, the processing method further includes: and before the piston hole is machined so that the piston hole is coaxial with the circular arc, sequentially performing ultrasonic wave, magnetic powder and penetration flaw detection on the welding seam of the cylinder welding piece.
In yet another implementation of the present disclosure, the processing method further includes: the cylinder weld is stress annealed prior to the machining of the piston bore such that the piston bore is coaxial with the arc.
In yet another implementation of the present disclosure, the processing the outer peripheral wall of the cylinder block blank so that the outer peripheral wall of the cylinder block blank is an arc and has a roughness less than a preset value includes: turning the outer peripheral wall of the cylinder body blank so that the outer peripheral wall of the cylinder body blank is an arc.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the disclosure has the beneficial effects that:
when the cylinder body is machined by the machining method provided by the embodiment of the disclosure, the circular arc is machined in the cylinder body blank, so that the communication hole and the mounting surface can be machined respectively according to the central coordinate of the circular arc as a reference, the relative position of the mounting surface and the circular arc is in accordance with the requirement, and then the piston hole is machined by taking the circular arc as the reference, so that the position between the mounting surface and the piston hole is ensured to be in accordance with the requirement, and finally the machining precision of the cylinder body is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present disclosure, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person of ordinary skill in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a cylinder provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method of machining a cylinder provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of another method of machining a cylinder provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a machined cylinder block blank provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a block blank having a communication hole and a mounting surface provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a cylinder block blank honing in accordance with an embodiment of the disclosure;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of seal detection of a cylinder block blank provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a first end cap according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
The symbols in the drawings are as follows:
100. a body; 101. a first outer flange; 102. a second outer flange; 103. a cylinder; 104. a piston bore; 105. a communication hole; 1051. an exhaust hole; 1052. a first oil hole; 1053. a second oil hole;
200. a joint; 201. an exhaust joint; 202. a first tubing joint; 203. a second tubing connector; 211. a first mounting surface; 212. a second mounting surface; 213. a third mounting surface;
300. boring bar;
400. a pumping device; 401. a first end cap; 4011. an oil hole; 4012. bolt holes; 402. a second end cap; 403. and a joint cover.
Detailed Description
For the purposes of clarity, technical solutions and advantages of the present disclosure, the following further details the embodiments of the present disclosure with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In order to clearly explain the method for manufacturing the cylinder body provided by the embodiment of the disclosure, the structure of the cylinder body is first described.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a cylinder provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure, and in combination with fig. 1, the cylinder includes a body 100 and a plurality of joints 200.
The body 100 comprises a first outer flange 101, a second outer flange 102 and a barrel 103, wherein the first outer flange 101 is in a truncated cone structure, and the second outer flange 102 is also in a truncated cone structure. The first outer flange 101 is coaxially located at a first end of the barrel 103, and a small end of the first outer flange 101 is connected to the middle barrel 103, the second outer flange 102 is coaxially located at a second end of the barrel 103, and a small end of the second outer flange 102 is connected to the barrel 103.
The interior of the body 100 has a piston bore 104. Piston bores 104 extend through both ends of the body 100. The piston bore 104 is arranged coaxially with the cylinder 103.
The body 100 has a plurality of communication holes on a sidewall thereof. The axis of each communication hole is arranged perpendicular to the axis of the body 100.
In the present embodiment, the communication holes 105 are three, and one of the communication holes 105 is the exhaust hole 1051. The other communication hole 105 is a first oil hole 1052, and the other communication hole 105 is a second oil hole 1053. The exhaust hole 1051 and the first oil hole 1052 are located on both sides of the axis of the body 100, respectively, and the second oil hole 1053 is located on the peripheral wall of the first outer flange 101.
Correspondingly, the number of joints 200 is three, and the joints 200 include an exhaust joint 201, a first oil pipe joint 202 and a second oil pipe joint 203. Wherein the exhaust fitting 201 is located on a side of the exhaust vent 1051 remote from the piston bore 104 and is connected to the barrel 103. The first oil pipe joint 202 is located on a side of the first oil hole 1052 remote from the piston bore 104 and is connected to the first outer flange 101. The second oil pipe joint 203 is located on a side of the second oil hole 1053 remote from the piston hole 104, and is connected to the cylinder 103.
The embodiment of the disclosure provides a cylinder processing method, as shown in fig. 2, the processing method includes:
s201: and processing the peripheral wall of the cylinder body blank, so that the peripheral wall of the cylinder body blank is arc and has roughness smaller than a preset value, and the cylinder body blank is of a hollow cylindrical structure.
After the processing, the roughness of the outer peripheral wall of the cylinder blank is not more than Ra0.8.
S202: and detecting the center coordinates of the arc.
In this embodiment, the center coordinate of the arc is the coordinate of any point on the central axis of the arc on a plane perpendicular to the central axis of the arc.
For example, assuming that the center coordinates of one of the arcs are (x, y), the coordinate system in which the center coordinates of the arc are located is located on a plane perpendicular to the central axis of the arc, and the plane formed by the coordinate system is arranged perpendicular to the horizontal plane.
S203: and processing a mounting surface and communication holes on the peripheral wall of the cylinder body blank by taking the central coordinate of the circular arc as a reference, wherein the mounting surface and the communication holes are arranged in one-to-one correspondence, the mounting surface is a plane, the mounting surface is perpendicular to the axis of the corresponding communication hole, and the mounting surface is positioned at one end of the corresponding communication hole.
Because the mounting surface is parallel to the central axis of the circular arc, the corresponding abscissa of the mounting surface can be obtained according to the distance between the mounting surface and the central axis of the circular arc. For example, the center coordinate of the arc is (x, y), the distance between the mounting surface and the central axis of the arc is L1, and then the abscissa of the mounting surface is x+l1, and at this time, the mounting surface can be processed by taking the abscissa as a reference. Then, the communication holes corresponding to the mounting surface can be machined by taking the mounting surface as a reference.
S204: and welding the joint at the mounting surface to obtain a cylinder body welding piece, wherein the inside of the joint is communicated with the corresponding communication hole.
And correspondingly welding different joints in the communication holes to obtain the cylinder body welding piece.
S205: and processing the piston hole by taking the central coordinate of the circular arc as a reference, so that the piston hole is coaxial with the circular arc, and obtaining the cylinder body.
When the cylinder body is machined by the machining method of the cylinder body, the circular arc is machined in the cylinder body blank, so that the mounting surface and the communication hole can be machined respectively according to the central coordinate of the circular arc as a reference, the relative position of the mounting surface and the circular arc meets the requirement, then the piston hole is machined according to the central coordinate of the circular arc, the position between the mounting surface and the piston hole meets the requirement, and finally the machining precision of the cylinder body is improved.
Fig. 3 is a flowchart of another cylinder processing method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, and in combination with fig. 3, the cylinder processing method includes:
s301: and processing the peripheral wall of the cylinder body blank, so that the peripheral wall of the cylinder body blank is arc and has roughness smaller than a preset value, and the cylinder body blank is of a hollow cylindrical structure.
In this embodiment, the above-mentioned circular arc is that a first outer flange, a cylinder and a second outer flange are formed on the outer peripheral wall of the cylinder blank. The periphery of the first outer flange is an arc, the periphery of the cylinder body is an arc, and the periphery of the second outer flange is an arc. The circular arcs comprise a first circular arc and a second circular arc, wherein the first circular arc is a circular arc formed by the outer periphery of the first outer flange or the second outer flange. The second arc is an arc formed by the periphery of the cylinder.
The first arc and the second arc are coaxially arranged, and the outer circumference of the first arc is longer than the outer circumference of the second arc.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a machined cylinder blank according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, and in conjunction with fig. 4, it can be seen that, after machining, the cylinder blank has a hollow cylindrical structure with two large ends and a small middle.
Alternatively, S301 is implemented by:
turning the outer peripheral wall of the cylinder body blank so that the outer peripheral wall of the cylinder body blank is an arc.
And machining the outer wall of the cylinder body blank by turning. This can quickly bring the outer periphery of the cylinder block blank into an arc of the desired dimension, thereby yielding the structural member of fig. 4.
S302: and detecting the center coordinates of the arc.
Optionally, S302 includes:
3021: and fixing the dial indicator on a main shaft of the boring machine.
3022: the position of the main shaft is adjusted so that the detection head of the dial indicator is propped against the outer peripheral wall of the circular arc.
3023: the spindle was rotated at least one revolution and the readings of the dial indicator were observed.
3024: repeating the steps for a plurality of times, and taking the coordinate of the position of the main shaft when the reading change amplitude of the dial indicator is minimum as the center coordinate of the circular arc.
In this embodiment, when detecting the center coordinates of the arc, the cylinder blank is first fixed on the working platform of the boring machine, and the central axis of the cylinder blank is parallel to the main axis of the boring machine.
Then, the dial indicator is fixed on a main shaft of the boring machine, and a detection head of the dial indicator is attached to the peripheral wall of the cylinder body blank.
And then, rotating the main shaft of the boring machine to enable the dial indicator to move along the main shaft on the peripheral wall of the cylinder body blank, and observing the reading of the dial indicator to obtain the central coordinate of the arc.
In the above implementation manner, when the reading variation amplitude of the dial indicator is minimum, the central axes of the main shaft and the circular arc are nearly coincident at the moment, so that the coordinate where the main shaft is located at the moment is the central coordinate of the circular arc.
The circular arc includes a first circular arc formed by the first outer flange and the second outer flange and also includes a second circular arc formed by the cylinder.
That is, the center coordinates of the circular arcs described above may be the center coordinates of the first circular arc or the center coordinates of the second circular arc.
S303: and processing a mounting surface and communication holes on the peripheral wall of the cylinder body blank by taking the central coordinate of the circular arc as a reference, wherein the mounting surface and the communication holes are arranged in one-to-one correspondence, the mounting surface is a plane, the mounting surface is perpendicular to the axis of the corresponding communication hole, and the mounting surface is positioned at one end of the corresponding communication hole.
Optionally, S303 includes:
3031: and scribing the peripheral wall of the cylinder body blank to obtain the sitting position of the mounting surface relative to the cylinder body blank.
By scribing the outer wall of the cylinder block blank, the position of the center point of each mounting surface can be marked on the outer peripheral wall of the cylinder block blank, and the distance d between the mounting surfaces and the center coordinates of the circular arc can be determined.
3032: and machining the mounting surface on the outer peripheral wall of the cylinder body blank according to the arc center coordinates and the mounting position of the mounting surface.
Since the central axes of the mounting surface and the circular arc are parallel to each other, at this time, the coordinates corresponding to the mounting surface can be obtained by combining the distance d between the mounting surface and the circular arc with the central coordinates of the circular arc as a reference.
For example, if the center coordinates of the arc are (x, y), and the center axis of the arc is parallel to the spindle of the boring machine, the center coordinates of the mounting surface are (x+d, y), so that the mounting surface can be machined on the cylinder block blank by the end mill, and the machined mounting surface is perpendicular to the horizontal plane.
3032: the communication hole corresponding to the mounting surface is processed by taking the mounting surface as a reference.
Since the central axis of the communication hole is perpendicular to the corresponding mounting surface, the communication hole corresponding to the mounting surface can be directly machined with the mounting surface as a reference.
Of course, since the inner diameters of the communication holes are different in size, the feed amount may be designed in advance according to the size of the designed communication hole, so that the communication holes of different inner diameters are processed.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a cylinder block blank having a communication hole and a mounting surface according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, and it can be seen in conjunction with fig. 5 that the first mounting surface 211 corresponds to the exhaust hole 1051, the second mounting surface 212 corresponds to the first oil hole 1052, the third mounting surface 213 corresponds to the second oil hole 1053, and the exhaust hole 1051 and the first oil hole 1052 are coaxially arranged and are respectively located at two sides of the axis of the body 100. The second oil hole 1053 is located at the same side of the axis of the body 100 as the first oil hole 1052, the central axes of the first oil hole 1052 and the second oil hole 1053 are parallel to each other, and the inner diameter of the second oil hole 1053 is larger than that of the first oil hole 1052.
The second oil hole 1053 has an inner diameter larger than that of the first oil hole 1052, so that the inside of the cylinder body can be filled with oil according to the oil holes with different inner diameters to control the oil filling speed.
S304: and welding the joint at the mounting surface to obtain a cylinder body welding piece, wherein the inside of the joint is communicated with the corresponding communication hole.
During welding, the joint is symmetrically welded, so that stress heat treatment generated during welding can be eliminated, and welding deformation is reduced.
And moreover, a penetration welding method is adopted, so that a welding seam between the joint and the cylinder body blank is a penetration welding seam, and the welding strength is improved.
S305: and (5) carrying out stress annealing on the cylinder welding piece.
In this embodiment, the cylinder weld is subjected to stress relief annealing, which eliminates the weld stress to reduce weld distortion.
When the stress annealing is carried out, the whole cylinder body welding part is firstly placed in a heating furnace to be heated to 550-580 ℃, then the heat is preserved for 2-4 hours in the heating furnace, then the temperature of the heating furnace is cooled to 300 ℃, and then the cylinder body welding part is discharged to the air for cooling.
S306: and sequentially carrying out ultrasonic wave, magnetic powder and penetration flaw detection on the welding seam of the cylinder welding piece.
In the embodiment, through carrying out ultrasonic wave, magnetic powder and penetration flaw detection on the welding seam of the cylinder welding piece in sequence after welding, the quality of the welding seam can be checked to ensure that each welding seam can meet the requirements.
Of course, if ultrasonic, magnetic powder and penetration flaw detection prove that the welding seam between each joint and the cylinder blank is not satisfactory, the welding is needed to be performed again until the welding seam between each joint and the cylinder blank is satisfactory.
S307: and processing threaded connection holes at two ends of the cylinder welding piece by taking the center coordinates of the first arc as a reference.
The threaded connection holes are parallel to the axis of the cylinder body welding piece, and the threaded connection holes are respectively positioned on the end faces of the cylinder body welding piece.
During actual machining, a threaded connection hole is milled at the end part of the cylinder body welding piece by taking the center coordinate of the first circular arc as a reference, so that the cylinder body welding piece is connected with a cylinder cover through the threaded connection hole.
The threaded connection holes are positioned at two ends of the cylinder welding piece, and the central axes of the threaded connection holes are parallel to the axis of the cylinder welding piece (see the following figure 7).
S308: and processing a piston hole in the cylinder body welding piece by taking the center coordinate of the circular arc as a reference, so that the piston hole is coaxial with the circular arc, and obtaining the cylinder body.
Optionally, S308 includes:
3081: and boring a rough machining inner hole in the cylinder body welding part by taking the center coordinate of the circular arc as a reference, wherein a first machining allowance is reserved in the rough machining inner hole.
The center coordinates of the circular arc are used as the reference, that is, the main shaft of the boring machine is parallel to the central axis of the circular arc.
In this embodiment, the first machining allowance is not less than 1mm and not more than 1.5mm.
In the above implementation manner, the first machining allowance is set to be a numerical value which is not less than 1mm and not more than 1.5mm, so that the machining efficiency of the rough machining inner hole can be ensured, and enough machining allowance can be reserved to improve the machining precision of the piston hole.
Alternatively, 3081 may be implemented by:
and (5) increasing the boring size of the boring cutter by equal amount for a plurality of times until all the first machining allowance is finished.
In the implementation manner, the boring size range corresponding to the boring cutter can be adjusted by adjusting the fastening nut of the boring cutter, so that the diameter of the boring hole corresponding to the boring cutter is changed.
The boring size of the boring cutter is increased by a plurality of times in an equivalent way until all machining allowance is finished, so that the diameter of the boring hole corresponding to the boring cutter can be gradually and progressively changed, the inner diameter of the rough machining inner hole bored by the corresponding boring cutter can be gradually increased, the machining efficiency is further ensured, and the machining precision is also ensured.
For example, the size of the boring cutter is increased by 0.01mm each time, namely the inner diameter of the corresponding rough machining inner hole machined at the last time is larger than that of the rough machining inner hole machined at the last time by more than 0.01mm, so that the machining precision of the piston hole can be improved, and finally, the machining precision of the cylinder body is improved.
3082: boring the first machining allowance to machine a rough movable hole on the basis of the rough machined inner hole, wherein a second machining allowance is reserved in the rough movable hole, and the second machining allowance is smaller than the first machining allowance.
In this embodiment, the second machining allowance is not less than 0.6mm and not more than 0.8mm.
In the implementation manner, the second machining allowance is set to be a numerical value which is not smaller than 0.6mm and not larger than 0.8mm, so that the machining efficiency of the rough piston hole can be ensured, and enough machining allowance can be reserved to improve the machining precision of the final piston hole.
3083: and honing the second machining allowance to machine the movable hole on the basis of the coarse movable hole.
In the implementation mode, the tool joint mark in the boring process can be eliminated through a honing mode, so that the roughness is improved.
In actual operation, honing is achieved by using a long boring bar, threading from one end of the cylinder block blank, and then rotating and moving back and forth, which can increase the roughness of the piston bore.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of honing a cylinder blank according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, and referring to fig. 6, it can be seen from fig. 6 that a honing head is connected to one end of a long boring bar 300, so that the honing head is attached to an inner wall of a rough piston hole, and then the boring bar is rotated and moved, so that the rough piston hole can be finished under the polishing of the honing head, so that the piston hole meets the requirements.
In this embodiment, the piston bore after honing needs to meet the following requirements: the roughness is not more than Ra0.8, and the roundness is at least phi 0.01.
In addition, the tightness of the cylinder weld or cylinder may also be checked by the pumping device during or after the piston bore is machined.
The detecting of the tightness of the cylinder block welded piece may be performed before boring the first machining allowance, and the detecting of the tightness of the cylinder block may be performed after machining the piston hole.
In this embodiment, the piston hole is processed and then explained as an example.
S309: and detecting the tightness of the cylinder body.
In this embodiment, the pumping device includes a first end cap, a second end cap, and a plurality of joint caps, and an oil hole is formed in a middle portion of the first end cap.
Optionally, S309 includes:
3091: and the first end cover and the second end cover are respectively and hermetically arranged at two ends of the cylinder body.
In this embodiment, the first end cap is connected to the first end of the cylinder by a bolt, and the second end cap is also connected to the second end of the cylinder by a bolt.
In order to ensure the tightness of the interior of the cylinder body, a sealing ring is clamped between the first end cover and the cylinder body, and a sealing ring is also clamped between the second end cover and the cylinder body.
3092: a plurality of connector caps are sealingly capped over the corresponding connectors and allow venting of the vent connectors in the connectors.
In this embodiment, there are two joint covers, one of which covers the first oil pipe joint and the second oil cylinder joint. I.e. the exhaust connection does not need to be sealed.
The joint cover is in threaded connection with the corresponding joint, namely the joint cover is in threaded sleeve connection with the corresponding joint. Thus, the joint cover is convenient to connect and detach.
3093: through the oilhole, carry fluid to the inside of cylinder body welding spare, wait that fluid is full of the cylinder body, shutoff exhaust joint, the leakproofness of inspection cylinder body.
Through carrying fluid to the inside of cylinder body, wait that fluid is full of the cylinder body, shutoff air vent, alright inspection cylinder body's leakproofness like this.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of seal detection of a cylinder blank provided in an embodiment of the disclosure, fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a first end cover provided in an embodiment of the disclosure, and in combination with fig. 7 and 8, a pumping device 400 includes a first end cover 401, a second end cover 402, and a joint cover 403, where the first end cover 401 is in a circular structure, the first end cover 401 is partially inserted into a first end of a cylinder, and the first end cover 401 abuts against an end of the cylinder. The middle portion of the first end cap 401 has an oil hole 4011. The oil hole 4011 is used for injecting oil into the cylinder. The joint cover 403 seals over the corresponding joint.
The first end cap 401 has a plurality of bolt holes 4012 arranged at intervals in its own circumferential direction, and the bolt holes 4012 are used for assembling bolts to be connected with the end of the cylinder block. The second end cover 402 is similar to the first end cover 401 in structure, the second end cover 402 is partially inserted into the second end of the cylinder body, and the second end cover 402 abuts against the end of the cylinder body.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the present disclosure is provided for the purpose of illustration only, and is not intended to limit the disclosure to the particular embodiments disclosed, but on the contrary, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the disclosure.
Claims (8)
1. The processing method of the oil cylinder body is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
processing the peripheral wall of a cylinder body blank so that the peripheral wall of the cylinder body blank is arc-shaped and has roughness smaller than a preset value, and the cylinder body blank is of a hollow cylindrical structure;
detecting the center coordinates of the circular arc;
processing a mounting surface and a communication hole on the peripheral wall of the cylinder body blank by taking the central coordinate of the circular arc as a reference, wherein the mounting surface and the communication hole are arranged in one-to-one correspondence, the mounting surface is a plane, the mounting surface is perpendicular to the corresponding axis of the communication hole, the mounting surface is positioned at one end of the corresponding communication hole, the communication hole comprises an exhaust hole, a first oil hole and a second oil hole, the exhaust hole and the first oil hole are respectively positioned at two sides of the axis of the cylinder body blank, and the first oil hole and the second oil hole are positioned at the same side of the axis of the cylinder body blank;
the joint is welded at the mounting surface to obtain a cylinder body welding piece, the interior of the joint is communicated with the corresponding communication hole, the joint comprises an exhaust joint, a first oil pipe joint and a second oil pipe joint, the exhaust joint is positioned at one side of the exhaust hole far away from the piston hole and is connected with the cylinder body welding piece, the first oil pipe joint is positioned at one side of the first oil hole far away from the piston hole and is connected with the cylinder body welding piece, and the second oil pipe joint is positioned at one side of the second oil hole far away from the piston hole and is connected with the cylinder body welding piece;
processing a piston hole by taking the center coordinate of the circular arc as a reference, so that the piston hole is coaxial with the circular arc, and obtaining the cylinder body;
the cylinder body welding piece is subjected to tightness detection through a pumping pressure detection device, wherein the pumping pressure detection device comprises a first end cover, a second end cover and a plurality of joint covers, and an oil hole is formed in the middle of the first end cover; the detection of tightness of the cylinder body welding piece by the pumping pressure detection device comprises the following steps: the first end cover and the second end cover are respectively and hermetically arranged at two ends of the cylinder body welding piece; sealing the plurality of joint covers over the first and second oil pipe joints, respectively, and enabling venting of the exhaust joint; and oil is conveyed to the inside of the cylinder body welding piece through the oil hole, the cylinder body welding piece is filled with the oil, the exhaust joint is blocked, and the tightness of the cylinder body welding piece is checked.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the detecting the center coordinates of the arc comprises:
fixing a dial indicator on a main shaft of a boring machine;
the position of the main shaft is adjusted so that the detection head of the dial indicator is propped against the outer peripheral wall of the circular arc;
rotating the spindle at least one revolution and observing the readings of the dial indicator;
repeating the steps for a plurality of times, and taking the coordinate of the position of the main shaft when the reading change amplitude of the dial indicator is minimum as the center coordinate of the circular arc.
3. The machining method according to claim 1, wherein the machining the piston hole so that the piston hole is coaxial with the circular arc includes:
boring a rough machining inner hole in the cylinder body blank by taking the center coordinate of the circular arc as a reference, wherein a first machining allowance is reserved in the rough machining inner hole;
boring the first machining allowance to machine a rough movable hole on the basis of the rough machined inner hole, wherein a second machining allowance is reserved in the rough movable hole, and the second machining allowance is smaller than the first machining allowance;
honing the second tooling allowance to machine the piston bore based on the coarse piston bore.
4. A processing method according to claim 3, wherein the first processing margin is not less than 1mm and not more than 1.5mm, and the second processing margin is not less than 0.6mm and not more than 0.8mm.
5. A method of machining according to claim 3, wherein boring the first machining allowance comprises:
and (5) increasing the boring size of the boring cutter by equal amount for a plurality of times until all the first machining allowance is finished.
6. The processing method according to claim 1, characterized in that the processing method further comprises:
and before the piston hole is machined so that the piston hole is coaxial with the circular arc, sequentially performing ultrasonic wave, magnetic powder and penetration flaw detection on the welding seam of the cylinder welding piece.
7. The processing method according to claim 1, characterized in that the processing method further comprises:
the cylinder weld is stress annealed prior to the machining of the piston bore such that the piston bore is coaxial with the arc.
8. The processing method according to claim 1, wherein the processing the outer peripheral wall of the cylinder block blank so that the outer peripheral wall of the cylinder block blank is circular arc and has a roughness less than a preset value, comprises:
turning is carried out on the outer peripheral wall of the cylinder body blank, so that the outer peripheral wall of the cylinder body blank is an arc, the arc comprises a first arc and a second arc, the first arc and the second arc are coaxially arranged, the outer periphery of the first arc is longer than the outer periphery of the second arc, the first arc is positioned at two ends of the cylinder body blank, and the second arc is positioned at the middle part of the cylinder body blank.
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