CN114665683A - Permanent magnet conical propulsion motor and navigation device - Google Patents

Permanent magnet conical propulsion motor and navigation device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114665683A
CN114665683A CN202011533234.4A CN202011533234A CN114665683A CN 114665683 A CN114665683 A CN 114665683A CN 202011533234 A CN202011533234 A CN 202011533234A CN 114665683 A CN114665683 A CN 114665683A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
permanent magnet
motor
rotor
stator
propulsion motor
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CN202011533234.4A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张驰
宋雨轩
陈进华
郑天江
杨桂林
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Ningbo Institute of Material Technology and Engineering of CAS
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Ningbo Institute of Material Technology and Engineering of CAS
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Priority to CN202011533234.4A priority Critical patent/CN114665683A/en
Publication of CN114665683A publication Critical patent/CN114665683A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
    • H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
    • H02K21/14—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating within the armatures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
    • H02K1/2706—Inner rotors
    • H02K1/272—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
    • H02K1/274—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
    • H02K1/2753—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets the rotor consisting of magnets or groups of magnets arranged with alternating polarity
    • H02K1/278—Surface mounted magnets; Inset magnets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/08—Insulating casings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/10—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with arrangements for protection from ingress, e.g. water or fingers

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
  • Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a permanent magnet conical propulsion motor and a navigation device. Permanent magnetism toper propulsion motor is including installing stator (2) and rotor (3) in casing (1), stator (2) and rotor (3) are mutually supported through bearing (6), rotor (3) are connected with transmission shaft (5) one end, the casing (1) is worn out and is connected with the screw to the transmission shaft (5) other end, the inner wall of stator (2) with the outer wall of rotor (3) is parallel to each other and becomes certain contained angle with the motor axis, the inner wall of stator (2) with it has the air gap still to distribute between the outer wall of rotor (3). The permanent magnet conical propulsion motor provided by the invention has the advantages of simple and compact structure, low bearing friction loss, high propulsion efficiency, long endurance, stable running performance, long service life and the like, is suitable for being used in different pressure environments, and has wide application prospects in various aircrafts.

Description

Permanent magnet conical propulsion motor and aircraft
Technical Field
The invention relates to a permanent magnet propulsion motor, in particular to a permanent magnet conical propulsion motor and an aircraft, and belongs to the technical field of propulsion motors.
Background
In recent years, the marine transportation is developed vigorously, electric energy is widely promoted as more efficient and environment-friendly new energy, and the promotion by using the electric energy as power energy is also a necessary trend of the current marine transportation development. When a common motor propeller works, fluid plays a role in blocking the propulsion of a propeller, so that a bearing between a stator and a rotor is forced to bear a great acting force, the bearing is seriously abraded, the noise of the motor propeller is difficult to suppress due to the friction between the stator and the rotor bearings, and although the control optimization of the motor can reduce the noise by a certain amount, the motor propeller is not structurally improved, so that the effect is not ideal.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a permanent magnet conical propulsion motor and an aircraft, so as to overcome the defects in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention comprises the following steps:
some embodiments of the invention provide a permanent magnet conical propulsion motor, which comprises a stator and a rotor arranged in a casing, wherein the stator and the rotor are mutually matched through a bearing, the rotor is connected with one end of a transmission shaft, the other end of the transmission shaft penetrates through the casing and is connected with a propeller, the inner wall of the stator and the outer wall of the rotor are mutually parallel and form an included angle which is larger than 0 and smaller than 90 degrees with the axis of the motor, and air gaps are distributed between the inner wall of the stator and the outer wall of the rotor.
In some embodiments, an included angle formed by the inner wall of the stator or the outer wall of the rotor and the axis of the motor is related to the axial magnetic pulling force of the motor, the magnitude ratio of the axial magnetic pulling force of the motor to the navigation thrust depends on the navigation requirement, and after the required navigation thrust is determined according to the navigation requirement, the magnitude of the axial magnetic pulling force of the motor can be obtained, so that the magnitude of the required included angle is calculated;
wherein, theNavigation thrust TiThe calculation formula of (c) is as follows:
Figure BDA0002851938140000021
where ρ is the fluid density, A0Is the area of the propeller disk surface, VAFor the sailing speed of the propeller ua1Is the speed increment u at the disk surface of the propelleraThe speed increment of the infinite rear side of the propeller disk surface is obtained;
the calculation formula of the axial magnetic tension F of the motor is as follows:
F＝1.225×106DAVtgαLeff(βiBδi)2
wherein D isAVRepresents the average diameter of the motor rotor, alpha is the included angle, LeffIs the effective length B of the motor coreδiIs the maximum value of the air gap flux density of the ith section, betaiIs the ratio of the mean square extreme value to the maximum value of the air gap flux density.
In some embodiments, the propeller comprises a multi-blade propeller, and is not limited thereto.
In some embodiments, the stator comprises coil windings and the rotor comprises permanent magnets.
In some embodiments, the exterior of the coil windings and/or permanent magnets are covered with an insulating varnish.
In some embodiments, the coil windings and/or permanent magnets are further encapsulated with an encapsulating material to form a hermetic protective structure.
In some embodiments, the permanent magnets are in a single-segment arrangement or a multi-segment arrangement, and are not limited thereto.
In some embodiments, the mounting structure of the permanent magnet includes a surface mount type or an in-line type mounting structure, and is not limited thereto.
In some embodiments, the structure of the coil winding includes a distributed winding structure or a concentrated winding structure, and is not limited thereto.
In some embodiments, the sealing mechanism of the propulsion motor includes a dynamic sealing mechanism and/or a static sealing mechanism, and is not limited thereto.
In some embodiments, the housing is further filled with insulating oil.
In some embodiments, the bearing comprises a water-lubricated bearing, an open water-resistant mechanical bearing, or a sealed mechanical bearing, and is not limited thereto.
In some embodiments, the propulsion motor further comprises a speed reducer coupled to the drive shaft.
According to the permanent magnet conical propulsion motor provided by the embodiment of the invention, the inner wall of the stator and the outer wall of the rotor form a certain included angle with the axis of the motor, so that not only is a rotating torque generated during normal work, but also an axial magnetic pulling force is generated, and the permanent magnet conical propulsion motor can be used for offsetting bearing friction and the reaction force of fluid on a propeller.
Some embodiments of the present invention also provide a craft comprising a craft body having mounted thereon any one of the permanent magnet tapered propulsion motors described above.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) the permanent magnet conical propulsion motor greatly improves the propulsion efficiency, has the most obvious effect of improving the influence of the endurance mileage and the friction loss of the bearing, can effectively reduce the noise caused by the friction of the bearing, and can improve the output torque by arranging the speed reducer on the basis of not changing the overall structure.
(2) Among the permanent magnetism toper propulsion motor that provides, set up insulating varnish through the permanent magnet at the coil winding of stator and rotor, can make it obtain better protection, further seal the protection through materials such as embedment epoxy, can also weaken the hindrance to stator and rotor such as the tiny grit that gets into the motor to isolated air prevents the circumstances such as oxygen corrosion, thereby ensures motor propeller's operating stability and life.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a permanent magnet tapered propulsion motor in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
description of reference numerals: 1. a housing; 2. a stator; 3. a rotor; 4. a multi-blade propeller; 5. a drive shaft; 6. and a bearing.
Detailed Description
As described above, in view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the inventor of the present invention has made extensive studies and time to propose the technical solution of the present invention, which will be specifically described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
It should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "fixed," and the like are to be construed broadly and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrated; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those of ordinary skill in the art. Relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. The term "comprising", without further limitation, means that the element so defined is not excluded from the group consisting of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
Referring to fig. 1, in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a permanent magnet tapered propulsion motor includes a casing 1, a stator 2, and a rotor 3, the stator 2 and the rotor 3 are disposed in the casing, and the rotor 3 is connected to a multi-blade propeller 4 through a transmission shaft 5.
Further, the inner wall of the stator 2 and the outer wall of the rotor 3 are parallel to each other, a certain included angle is formed between the inner wall of the stator 2 and the outer wall of the rotor 3 and the axis of the motor, and an air gap is formed between the stator 2 and the rotor 3.
Furthermore, the size of an included angle formed by the inner wall of the stator 2 or the outer wall of the rotor 3 and the axis of the motor can be determined according to the navigation requirement of the motor. Specifically, according to the navigation demand of the motor, the navigation thrust (the reaction force of the fluid to the propeller) and the proportion of the navigation thrust to the axial magnetic pulling force of the motor can be determined, and the axial magnetic pulling force is related to the included angle, so that the included angle can be obtained through a related formula after the navigation thrust is determined.
Wherein, the navigation thrust can be solved by the following formula:
Figure BDA0002851938140000041
where ρ is the fluid density, A0Is the area of the propeller disk surface, VAFor the sailing speed of the propeller ua1Is the speed increment u at the disk surface of the propelleraThe speed increment at the rear of the infinite distance of the propeller disc surface is obtained.
The axial magnetic pull force can be calculated by referring to the following formula:
F＝1.225×106DAVtgαLeff(βiBδi)2
wherein F represents the magnitude of the axial magnetic pull force DAVRepresenting the average diameter of the motor rotor, alpha being the included angle and LeffIs the effective length B of the motor coreδiIs the maximum value of the air gap flux density of the ith section, betaiIs the ratio of the mean square extreme value to the maximum value of the air gap flux density.
Preferably, the included angle between the inner wall of the stator 2 or the outer wall of the rotor 3 and the axis of the motor is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 45 °.
Further, the stator 2 includes a coil winding, and the rotor 3 includes a permanent magnet. The coil winding and the permanent magnet can be covered with insulating paint, and can be further encapsulated with materials such as epoxy resin for sealing protection, so that the obstruction of fine sand entering the motor to the stator set rotor set is weakened or eliminated, and air is isolated, so that the situations of oxygen corrosion and the like are prevented.
Further, the propulsion motor further comprises a speed reducer, and the speed reducer is connected with the transmission shaft and used for improving torque output.
Further, the stator 2 and the rotor 3 may be hermetically sealed in the casing 1. The machine shell 1 and the transmission shaft 5 can be in sealing fit through a mechanical dynamic sealing mechanism or other dynamic sealing mechanisms, static sealing mechanisms and the like.
This permanent magnetism toper propulsion motor is at the during operation, produce rotating magnetic field in the stator 2, make rotor 1 rely on transmission shaft 5 to drive the rotation of multi-blade screw 4 and produce thrust, because 2 inner walls of stator are parallel with 3 outer walls of rotor and the contained angle that forms with the motor axial is the same, so except producing rotatory moment of torsion, still can produce axial magnetic pull force, this axial magnetic pull force both can be used for offsetting the size of frictional force, also can be used for helping hand thrust, thereby can effectively reduce the bearing friction, effectively promote holistic propulsive efficiency of organism and power density. Furthermore, the effect of adjusting the output torque can be achieved by changing a speed reducer at the front end of the transmission shaft 5.
In the exemplary embodiment, the coil windings disposed within the stator may be distributed, concentrated or otherwise wound.
In the exemplary embodiment, the permanent magnet disposed in the rotor may be provided in a single section or multiple sections, and the material may be selected from various magnetic materials such as, but not limited to, rubidium, iron, boron, and the like.
In the exemplary embodiment, the permanent magnet may be mounted in a surface mount manner or in an embedded manner.
In the exemplary embodiment, the stator core and the rotor core may be made of, but not limited to, a plurality of magnetic materials such as silicon steel sheets.
In the exemplary embodiment, the power of the propulsion motor can be changed by changing the distribution mode of the coil windings on the stator, the number of turns of the coil and the wire diameter, changing the materials of the stator and the rotor core, changing the materials and the volume of the permanent magnet and the like.
In the exemplary embodiment, the overall propulsion efficiency may also be improved by varying the number of blades, the shape and the material of the multi-bladed propeller.
In the exemplary embodiment, the cooperation between the rotor 3 and the stator 2 may be achieved by various types of bearings, such as, but not limited to, water lubricated bearings, open water resistant mechanical bearings, sealed mechanical bearings, and the like.
In the exemplary embodiment, the pressure inside the motor can be adjusted by filling and discharging insulating oil in the casing 1 and matching with a pressure balancing device and the like, so as to adapt to applications in different water depths.
In the exemplary embodiment, the propulsion motor may be a three-phase motor or a multi-phase motor other than three-phase.
The permanent magnet conical propulsion motor provided by the exemplary embodiment can be applied to aircrafts such as ships and the like as a propeller. For example, the permanent magnet tapered propulsion motor can be arranged below an aircraft or at the tail part of the aircraft and the like, so that the choked flow influence on the fluid can be effectively relieved.
The permanent magnet conical propulsion motor provided by the typical embodiment adopts a special stator-rotor structure, so that on the basis of ensuring high power density and high efficiency, the friction of a bearing is effectively relieved, the generation of underwater noise is greatly inhibited, and the propulsion efficiency is improved.
In a word, the permanent magnet conical propulsion motor provided by the typical embodiment has the advantages of simple and compact structure, low bearing friction loss, high propulsion efficiency, long endurance, stable running performance, long service life and the like, is suitable for being used in different pressure environments, and has wide application prospects in various aircrafts.
It should be understood that the foregoing is only illustrative of the present invention and that numerous changes and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the invention and these are to be considered within the scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a permanent magnetism toper propulsion motor, its characterized in that is including installing stator (2) and rotor (3) in casing (1), stator (2) mutually supports through bearing (6) with rotor (3), rotor (3) are connected with transmission shaft (5) one end, the casing (1) is worn out and is connected with the screw to the transmission shaft (5) other end, the inner wall of stator (2) with the outer wall of rotor (3) is parallel to each other and still forms the contained angle that is greater than 0 and is less than 90 with the motor axis, the inner wall of stator (2) with it has the air gap still to distribute between the outer wall of rotor (3).
2. The permanent magnet cone propulsion motor of claim 1, wherein: an included angle formed by the inner wall of the stator (2) or the outer wall of the rotor (3) and the axis of the motor is related to the axial magnetic pulling force of the motor, the size ratio of the axial magnetic pulling force of the motor to the navigation pushing force depends on the navigation requirement, and after the required navigation pushing force is determined according to the navigation requirement, the axial magnetic pulling force of the motor can be obtained, so that the size of the required included angle is calculated;
wherein the sailing thrust TiThe calculation formula of (a) is as follows:
Figure FDA0002851938130000011
where ρ is the fluid density, A0Is the area of the propeller disk surface, VAFor the sailing speed of the propeller ua1Is the speed increment u at the disk surface of the propelleraThe speed increment of the infinite rear side of the propeller disk surface is obtained;
the calculation formula of the axial magnetic tension F of the motor is as follows:
F＝1.225×106DAVtgαLeff(βiBδi)2
wherein D isAVRepresenting the average diameter of the motor rotor, alpha being the included angle, LeffIs the effective length of the motor core, BδiIs the maximum value of the air gap flux density of the ith section, betaiIs the ratio of the mean square extreme value to the maximum value of the air gap flux density.
3. The permanent magnet cone propulsion motor of claim 2, wherein: the included angle is greater than 0 ° and less than or equal to 45 °.
4. The permanent magnet cone propulsion motor of claim 1, wherein: the stator (2) comprises a coil winding and the rotor (3) comprises a permanent magnet.
5. The permanent magnet cone propulsion motor of claim 4, wherein: the outside of the coil winding and/or the permanent magnet is covered with insulating paint; and/or the interior of the coil winding and/or the permanent magnet is further filled with an encapsulating material to form a sealed protection structure.
6. The permanent magnet cone propulsion motor of claim 4, wherein: the permanent magnets are arranged in a single section or multiple sections; and/or the mounting structure of the permanent magnet comprises a surface-mounted or embedded mounting structure; and/or the structure of the coil winding comprises a distributed winding structure or a concentrated winding structure.
7. The permanent magnet cone propulsion motor of claim 1, wherein: the propeller comprises a multi-blade propeller (4); and/or the sealing mechanism of the propulsion motor comprises a dynamic sealing mechanism and/or a static sealing mechanism; and/or the shell (1) is filled with insulating oil.
8. The permanent magnet cone propulsion motor of claim 1, wherein: the bearing (6) comprises a water-lubricated bearing, an open water-resistant mechanical bearing or a sealed mechanical bearing.
9. The permanent magnet cone propulsion motor of claim 1, wherein: the propulsion motor further comprises a speed reducer, and the speed reducer is connected with the transmission shaft (5).
10. An aircraft comprising an aircraft body, characterized in that: the vehicle body is provided with a permanent magnet cone propulsion motor according to any one of claims 1-9.
CN202011533234.4A 2020-12-22 2020-12-22 Permanent magnet conical propulsion motor and navigation device Pending CN114665683A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116215823A (en) * 2023-03-22 2023-06-06 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 Conduit type deep sea propeller

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116215823A (en) * 2023-03-22 2023-06-06 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 Conduit type deep sea propeller
CN116215823B (en) * 2023-03-22 2023-08-18 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 Conduit type deep sea propeller

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