CN114665683A - Permanent magnet conical propulsion motor and aircraft - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a permanent magnet conical propulsion motor and an aircraft. The permanent magnet conical propulsion motor comprises a stator (2) and a rotor (3) installed in a casing (1), the stator (2) and the rotor (3) are matched with each other through a bearing (6), and the rotor (3) Connected to one end of the transmission shaft (5), the other end of the transmission shaft (5) penetrates the casing (1) and is connected to the propeller, the inner wall of the stator (2) and the outer wall of the rotor (3) They are parallel to each other and form a certain angle with the axis of the motor, and an air gap is also distributed between the inner wall of the stator (2) and the outer wall of the rotor (3). The permanent magnet conical propulsion motor provided by the invention has the advantages of simple and compact structure, low bearing friction loss, high propulsion efficiency, long cruising mileage, etc., stable operation performance, long service life, suitable for use in different pressure environments, and is suitable for use in various pressure environments. It has broad application prospects in aircraft.

Description

Permanent magnet conical propulsion motor and aircraft

technical field

The invention relates to a permanent magnet propulsion motor, in particular to a permanent magnet conical propulsion motor and an aircraft, and belongs to the technical field of propulsion motors.

Background technique

Shipping has been booming in recent years. Electric energy has been widely promoted as a more efficient and environmentally friendly new energy source. The use of electric energy as a power source is also an inevitable trend in the development of shipping. When the common motor propeller is working, the fluid hinders the propeller's propulsion, forcing the bearing between the stator and the rotor to bear a great force, and the wear of the bearing is very serious, and due to the friction between the stator and rotor bearings, the It is difficult to suppress the noise of the motor propeller. Although the control optimization of the motor can reduce the noise to a certain extent, it has not been fundamentally improved from the structure, so the effect is not ideal.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a permanent magnet conical propulsion motor and an aircraft to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art.

In order to realize the foregoing invention purpose, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention includes:

Some embodiments of the present invention provide a permanent magnet conical propulsion motor, which includes a stator and a rotor installed in a casing, the stator and the rotor are matched with each other through a bearing, the rotor is connected with one end of a transmission shaft, and the The other end of the transmission shaft passes through the casing and is connected with the propeller. The inner wall of the stator and the outer wall of the rotor are parallel to each other and also form an included angle greater than 0 and less than 90° with the axis of the motor. There are also air gaps distributed between the outer walls of the rotor.

In some embodiments, the angle formed between the inner wall of the stator or the outer wall of the rotor and the axis of the motor is related to the axial magnetic pull of the motor, and the ratio of the axial magnetic pull of the motor to the sailing thrust depends on the sailing demand, After the required sailing thrust is determined according to the sailing requirements, the axial magnetic pull force of the motor can be obtained, and then the required included angle can be calculated;

Wherein, the calculation formula of the sailing thrust T _i is as follows:

Among them, ρ is the fluid density, A ₀ is the area of the propeller disk, V _A is the speed of the propeller, u _a1 is the speed increment at the propeller disk, and u _a is the speed increment at the infinite rear of the propeller disk;

The calculation formula of the axial magnetic pull force F of the motor is as follows:

F=1.225×10 ⁶ D _AV tgαL _eff (β _i B _δi ) ²

Among them, D _AV represents the average diameter of the motor rotor, α is the included angle, L _eff is the effective length of the motor iron core, B _δi is the maximum value of the air gap magnetic flux density in the i-th section, and β _i is the mean square of the air gap magnetic flux density The ratio of extreme value to maximum value.

In some embodiments, the propeller includes a multi-bladed propeller, without limitation.

In some embodiments, the stator includes coil windings and the rotor includes permanent magnets.

In some embodiments, the outside of the coil windings and/or permanent magnets is covered with insulating paint.

In some embodiments, the coil windings and/or the permanent magnets are also filled with encapsulation materials to form a hermetic protective structure.

In some embodiments, the permanent magnets are provided in a single segment or in multiple segments, but are not limited thereto.

In some embodiments, the mounting structure of the permanent magnet includes a surface mount or an in-line mounting structure, but is not limited thereto.

In some embodiments, the structure of the coil winding includes a distributed winding structure or a concentrated winding structure, but is not limited thereto.

In some embodiments, the sealing mechanism of the propulsion motor includes a dynamic sealing mechanism and/or a static sealing mechanism, but is not limited thereto.

In some embodiments, the casing is also filled with insulating oil.

In some embodiments, the bearing includes, but is not limited to, a water lubricated bearing, an open water resistant mechanical bearing, or a sealed mechanical bearing.

In some embodiments, the propulsion motor further includes a speed reducer connected to the drive shaft.

In the permanent magnet conical propulsion motor provided by the above embodiments of the present invention, the inner wall of the stator and the outer wall of the rotor form a certain angle with the axis of the motor, so that not only the rotational torque but also the axial magnetic pulling force is generated during normal operation. To offset the bearing friction and the reaction force of the fluid on the propeller.

Some embodiments of the present invention also provide an aircraft, including an aircraft body on which any of the aforementioned permanent magnet conical propulsion motors are mounted.

Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention include:

(1) The propulsion efficiency of the provided permanent magnet conical propulsion motor is greatly improved, and the effect of improving the cruising range and the friction loss of the bearing is the most obvious, and the noise caused by the friction of the bearing can be effectively reduced without changing the overall structure. , the output torque can also be increased by setting the reducer.

(2) In the provided permanent magnet conical propulsion motor, by setting insulating paint on the coil windings of the stator and the permanent magnets of the rotor, it can be better protected, and further sealed and protected by potting epoxy resin and other materials, It can also weaken the obstacles to the stator and rotor caused by the fine sand entering the motor, and isolate the air to prevent oxygen corrosion, etc., so as to ensure the operation stability and service life of the motor propeller.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments described in the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.

1 is a schematic structural diagram of a permanent magnet conical propulsion motor in a typical embodiment of the present invention;

Explanation of reference numerals: 1, casing; 2, stator; 3, rotor; 4, multi-blade propeller; 5, transmission shaft; 6, bearing.

Detailed ways

As mentioned above, in view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the inventor of the present application has been able to propose the technical solution of the present invention after long-term research and time, which will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

It should be noted that, in this specification, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, terms such as "installation", "connection", "connection" and "fixation" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection, or It can be a detachable connection or an integral body; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication between two elements or the interaction between the two elements. . For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations. Relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship between these entities or operations or order. Moreover, the terms "comprising", "comprising" or any other variation thereof are intended to encompass non-exclusive inclusion such that a process, method, article or device comprising a list of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes not explicitly listed or other elements inherent to such a process, method, article or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element qualified by the phrase "comprising a..." does not preclude the presence of additional identical elements in a process, method, article or apparatus that includes the element.

Referring to FIG. 1, in a typical embodiment of the present invention, a permanent magnet conical propulsion motor includes a casing 1, a stator 2, and a rotor 3. The stator 2 and the rotor 3 are arranged in cooperation and are located in the casing, and the rotor 3 passes through the casing. The transmission shaft 5 is connected with the multi-blade propeller 4 .

Further, the inner wall of the stator 2 and the outer wall of the rotor 3 are parallel to each other, and both form a certain angle with the axis of the motor, and there is an air gap between the stator 2 and the rotor 3 .

Further, the size of the included angle formed by the inner wall of the stator 2 or the outer wall of the rotor 3 and the axis of the motor can be determined according to the sailing requirements of the motor. Specifically, according to the sailing requirements of the motor, the sailing thrust (the reaction force of the fluid on the propeller) and its ratio to the axial magnetic pulling force of the motor can be determined, and the axial magnetic pulling force is related to the aforementioned angle. Therefore, in After determining the size of the navigation thrust, the size of the aforementioned included angle can be obtained through the relevant formula.

Among them, the magnitude of the sailing thrust can be solved by the following formula:

Among them, ρ is the fluid density, _{A 0} is the area of the propeller disk, VA is the speed of the propeller, u _a1 is the speed increment at the propeller disk, and u _a is the speed increment behind the propeller disk infinity.

The aforementioned axial magnetic pull force can be calculated with reference to the following formula:

F=1.225×10 ⁶ D _AV tgαL _eff (β _i B _δi ) ²

Among them, F represents the axial magnetic pull force, D _AV represents the average diameter of the motor rotor, α is the aforementioned angle, L _eff is the effective length of the motor iron core, B _δi is the maximum value of the air gap magnetic flux density in the i-th section, and β _i is the air gap. The ratio of the mean square extremum to the maximum value of the gap flux density.

More preferably, the angle formed between the inner wall of the stator 2 or the outer wall of the rotor 3 and the axis of the motor is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 45°.

Further, the aforementioned stator 2 includes coil windings, and the aforementioned rotor 3 includes permanent magnets. Among them, the outer parts of the aforementioned coil windings and permanent magnets can be covered with insulating paint, and further materials such as epoxy resin can be further encapsulated for sealing protection, so as to weaken or eliminate the obstruction of the stator group and the rotor group by the fine sand entering the motor. Insulate from air to prevent oxygen corrosion, etc.

Further, the propulsion motor further includes a reducer, which is connected with the transmission shaft and is used for increasing the torque output.

Further, the stator 2 and the rotor 3 may be hermetically encapsulated in the casing 1 . The casing 1 and the transmission shaft 5 can be sealed and matched by a mechanical dynamic sealing mechanism or other dynamic sealing mechanisms and static sealing mechanisms.

When the permanent magnet conical propulsion motor is working, a rotating magnetic field is generated in the stator 2, so that the rotor 1 relies on the transmission shaft 5 to drive the multi-blade propeller 4 to rotate to generate thrust. The included angle is the same, so in addition to the rotating torque, an axial magnetic pulling force will also be generated. The axial magnetic pulling force can not only be used to offset the magnitude of the friction force, but also can be used to assist the thrust force, which can effectively reduce the bearing friction and effectively Improve the overall propulsion efficiency and power density of the airframe. Further, the effect of adjusting the output torque can also be achieved by changing the speed reducer at the front end of the transmission shaft 5 .

In this typical embodiment, the coil windings arranged in the stator may adopt but are not limited to distributed windings, concentrated windings or other winding methods.

In this typical embodiment, the permanent magnet arranged in the rotor can be arranged in a single segment or multiple segments, and the material can be selected from, but not limited to, various magnetic materials such as rubidium iron boron.

In this typical embodiment, the installation manner of the aforementioned permanent magnets may be surface-mounted, or may be various permanent magnet motor magnet installation manners such as in-line type.

In this typical embodiment, the material of the aforementioned stator and rotor cores can be made of, but not limited to, various magnetically conductive materials such as silicon steel sheets.

In this typical embodiment, the power of the propulsion motor can be changed by changing the coil winding distribution mode, the number of coil turns, and the wire diameter on the stator, changing the material of the stator and rotor iron cores, and changing the material and volume of the permanent magnets, etc. .

In this typical embodiment, the overall propulsion efficiency can also be improved by changing the number, shape and material of the blades of the multi-blade propeller.

In this typical embodiment, the cooperation between the rotor 3 and the stator 2 can be achieved through various types of bearings, such as but not limited to water lubricated bearings, open water-resistant mechanical bearings, sealed mechanical bearings, and the like.

In this typical embodiment, the internal pressure of the motor can also be adjusted by filling and discharging insulating oil in the casing 1, and cooperating with a pressure balancing device, etc., so as to adapt to the application of different water depths.

In this typical embodiment, the propulsion motor may be a three-phase motor or a multi-phase motor other than three-phase.

The permanent magnet conical propulsion motor provided by this typical embodiment can be used as a propulsion in a craft such as a ship. For example, the permanent magnet conical propulsion motor can be arranged at positions such as the lower part of the aircraft or the tail part, etc., which can effectively alleviate the influence of obstruction on the fluid.

The permanent magnet conical propulsion motor provided by this typical embodiment adopts a special stator and rotor structure. On the basis of ensuring high power density and high efficiency, the friction of the bearing is effectively relieved, the generation of underwater noise is greatly suppressed, and the propulsion is improved. efficiency.

In a word, the permanent magnet conical propulsion motor provided by this typical embodiment has the advantages of simple and compact structure, low bearing friction loss, high propulsion efficiency, long cruising range, etc., and has stable operation performance and long service life, and is suitable for use in different pressure environments , has broad application prospects in various types of aircraft.

It should be understood that the above are only specific embodiments of the present invention, and it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principles of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can also be made. These improvements and retouching should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A permanent magnet conical propulsion motor, characterized in that it comprises a stator (2) and a rotor (3) installed in a casing (1), the stator (2) and the rotor (3) passing through a bearing (6) Cooperate with each other, the rotor (3) is connected with one end of the transmission shaft (5), the other end of the transmission shaft (5) passes through the casing (1) and is connected with the propeller, the inner wall of the stator (2) and the The outer walls of the rotor (3) are parallel to each other and form an included angle greater than 0 but less than 90° with the motor axis, and an air gap is distributed between the inner wall of the stator (2) and the outer wall of the rotor (3). 2. The permanent magnet conical propulsion motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the angle formed by the inner wall of the stator (2) or the outer wall of the rotor (3) and the motor axis and the motor axial magnetic pull The ratio between the axial magnetic pull of the motor and the sailing thrust depends on the sailing requirements. After determining the required sailing thrust according to the sailing requirements, the axial magnetic pull of the motor can be obtained, and then the required angle can be calculated. size; Wherein, the calculation formula of the sailing thrust T _i is as follows:

Among them, ρ is the fluid density, A ₀ is the area of the propeller disk, V _A is the speed of the propeller, u _a1 is the speed increment at the propeller disk, and u _a is the speed increment at the infinite rear of the propeller disk; The calculation formula of the axial magnetic pull force F of the motor is as follows: F=1.225×10 ⁶ D _AV tgαL _eff (β _i B _δi ) ² Among them, D _AV represents the average diameter of the motor rotor, α is the included angle, L _eff is the effective length of the motor iron core, B _δi is the maximum value of the air gap magnetic flux density in the i-th section, and β _i is the mean square of the air gap magnetic flux density The ratio of extreme value to maximum value. 3 . The permanent magnet conical propulsion motor according to claim 2 , wherein the included angle is greater than 0° and less than or equal to 45°. 4 . 4. The permanent magnet conical propulsion motor according to claim 1, wherein the stator (2) comprises coil windings, and the rotor (3) comprises permanent magnets. 5. The permanent magnet conical propulsion motor according to claim 4, characterized in that: the outside of the coil winding and/or the permanent magnet is covered with insulating paint; and/or, the inside of the coil winding and/or the permanent magnet is It is also potted with encapsulating material to form a hermetic protective structure. 6 . The permanent magnet conical propulsion motor according to claim 4 , wherein: the permanent magnet is arranged in a single section or in multiple sections; and/or, the installation structure of the permanent magnet includes surface-mounted or embedded and/or, the structure of the coil winding includes a distributed winding structure or a centralized winding structure. 7. The permanent magnet conical propulsion motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the propeller comprises a multi-blade propeller (4); and/or the sealing mechanism of the propulsion motor comprises a dynamic sealing mechanism and/or a static sealing mechanism A sealing mechanism; and/or, the casing (1) is further filled with insulating oil. 8. The permanent magnet conical propulsion motor according to claim 1, wherein the bearing (6) comprises a water-lubricated bearing, an open water-resistant mechanical bearing or a sealed mechanical bearing. 9 . The permanent magnet conical propulsion motor according to claim 1 , wherein the propulsion motor further comprises a reducer, and the reducer is connected with the transmission shaft ( 5 ). 10 . 10. An aircraft, comprising an aircraft body, characterized in that: the permanent magnet conical propulsion motor according to any one of claims 1-9 is installed on the aircraft body.

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