CN114663969A - Method and system for measuring comfort of driver in tunnel lighting environment - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a system for measuring the comfort level of a driver in a tunnel lighting environment, which comprises the following steps: under different tunnel lighting scenes, testing the comfort of a driver to obtain objective comfort level and subjective comfort level by detecting the physiological index data of the driver and the form of questionnaire survey; the physiological index data comprises driving behavior data, eye movement data and electroencephalogram data; the objective comfort level and the subjective comfort level are mutually verified. The technical scheme can reasonably measure the comfort degree of the driver in different tunnel lighting scenes, provides suggestions for improving the tunnel lighting design and improves the construction quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of traffic engineering and illumination condition design and evaluation, and particularly relates to a method and a system for measuring the comfort level of a driver in a tunnel illumination environment.
Background
With the rapid development of economy and the demand of traffic development in China, more and more tunnels begin to appear, and not only the construction of highway tunnels, but also a great amount of short tunnel traffic which changes the conventional intersections with large traffic flow into underpass type traffic begins to appear in cities. Most of tunnel traffic safety accidents are that a driver cannot make a judgment and a decision in time under the lighting environment in a tunnel, so that the probability of driving safety risks is greatly increased. The good lighting condition can make the driver quickly identify the condition in the tunnel, so that the driving safety and the driving passing efficiency are determined by the comfort of tunnel lighting.
At present, most of tunnel lighting designs are mainly performed according to the minimum standard of the lighting environment, but the minimum standard of the lighting environment in this case can only meet the requirements of tunnel lighting, but cannot meet the requirements of lighting comfort, so that situations such as glare and stroboflash which are not favorable for driving environments are brought, and the situation is one of important reasons for tunnel accidents.
The tunnel lighting comfort level refers to the physiological and psychological comfort level of a driver when performing driving tasks and the like under the tunnel lighting condition. A great deal of research shows that human bodies can generate visual and non-visual biological effects due to the stimulation of light in the lighting environment, so that the physiological, psychological and behavioral changes of the human bodies are further caused, and whether the changes are comfortable for the human bodies or not represents the comfort degree of the lighting environment. Therefore, a method and a system for measuring the comfort level of a driver in a tunnel lighting environment are urgently needed to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method and a system for measuring the comfort level of a driver in a tunnel lighting environment, which are used for solving the problems.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for measuring comfort of a driver in a tunnel lighting environment, comprising the following steps:
under different tunnel lighting scenes, testing the comfort of a driver to obtain objective comfort level and subjective comfort level by detecting the physiological index data of the driver and the form of questionnaire survey; the physiological index data comprises driving behavior data, eye movement data and electroencephalogram data;
the objective comfort level and the subjective comfort level are mutually verified.
Optionally, constructing different tunnel lighting scenes comprises: simulating a lighting scene of the tunnel, and performing simulated driving by a driver in the simulated scene, wherein the influence factors of the lighting scene comprise: the arrangement mode of the illuminator, the color temperature of the light source, the color temperature difference, the brightness fluctuation, the brightness uniformity, the stroboscopic effect and the stroboscopic effect frequency.
Optionally, the illuminator is arranged in a manner that comprises: paired, staggered, and intermediate.
Optionally, the driving behavior data comprises: driving speed, driving acceleration, transverse position, steering wheel angle and throttle amplitude;
the eye movement data includes: blink frequency, pupil area, eyelid closeness
The electroencephalogram data includes: waveform energy values of theta wave, alpha wave, beta wave, and a ratio of (theta + alpha)/beta.
Optionally, deriving the objective comfort level comprises:
and clustering the physiological index data into 5 classes according to the evaluation grades, determining the value ranges of the 5 classes of the physiological index data according to a clustering center, and calculating the weight of the physiological index data.
Optionally, a set-pair analysis is used to assess the objective comfort of the subject.
Optionally, the evaluating the objective comfort level by using a set-pair analysis method includes:
forming a set pair (A, B) by 2 interconnected sets, wherein A is a data set [ x1,.. multidot.xk.. multidot.xn ] formed by physiological index data, and B is an objective comfort level set [ S0-S1,. multidot.Sk-1-Sk.., S4-S5 ];
identity a of analysis set pair (A, B)krDegree of difference bkrDegree of opposition ckrAnd comprehensively evaluating the degree of association mukrCalculating the relation degree vector of each physiological index:
μkr＝akr+bkri+ckrj；
in the formula: a iskrAre same degree, bkrIs the degree of difference, ckrIs oppositivity, mukrFor comprehensive evaluation of the contact degree, i is a difference coefficient, and the value is determined according to the utility of the evaluation value of the corresponding grade and is [ -1, 1]Internal value taking; j is an opponent coefficient, typically-1, and akr+bkr+ckr＝1；
Calculating a comprehensive contact degree vector of the sample based on the contact degree vectors of the indexes and the weights of the contact degree vectors;
defining the ratio of the identity to the opposition as the set-opposition potential SHI (μ) of the set-pair:
in another aspect, to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a comfort level measuring system for a driver in a tunnel lighting environment, including:
the first acquisition module is used for testing the comfort of the driver to obtain objective comfort level by detecting the physiological index data of the driver under different tunnel lighting scenes;
the second acquisition module is used for testing the comfort of the driver in a questionnaire survey mode under different tunnel lighting scenes to obtain the subjective comfort level;
the physiological index data comprises driving behavior data, eye movement data and electroencephalogram data;
and the verification module is used for mutually verifying the objective comfort level and the subjective comfort level.
Optionally, the system further comprises a simulation module, configured to simulate a lighting scene of the tunnel, and a driver performs simulated driving in the simulated scene, where the influencing factors of the lighting scene include: the arrangement mode of the illuminator, the color temperature of a light source, the color temperature difference, the brightness fluctuation, the brightness uniformity, the stroboscopic effect and the stroboscopic effect frequency.
Optionally, the arrangement of the illuminator comprises: paired, staggered, and intermediate.
The invention has the technical effects that: the method tests the comfort of the driver to obtain objective comfort level and subjective comfort level by detecting the physiological index data of the driver and the questionnaire survey mode respectively under different tunnel lighting scenes; the physiological index data comprises driving behavior data, eye movement data and electroencephalogram data; the objective comfort level and the subjective comfort level are mutually verified. The technical scheme can reasonably measure the comfort degree of the driver in different tunnel lighting scenes, provides suggestions for improving the tunnel lighting design and improves the construction quality.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, are included to provide a further understanding of the application, and the description of the exemplary embodiments of the application are intended to be illustrative of the application and are not intended to limit the application. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the illuminator of the present invention.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
It should be noted that the steps illustrated in the flowcharts of the figures may be performed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions and that, although a logical order is illustrated in the flowcharts, in some cases, the steps illustrated or described may be performed in an order different than presented herein.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a method for measuring comfort of a driver in a tunnel lighting environment, including the following steps:
under different tunnel lighting scenes, testing the comfort of a driver to obtain objective comfort level and subjective comfort level by detecting the physiological index data of the driver and the form of questionnaire survey; the physiological index data comprises driving behavior data, eye movement data and electroencephalogram data;
the objective comfort level and the subjective comfort level are verified mutually, and if the verified objective comfort level and the verified subjective comfort level are consistent, the method has strong applicability in the design scene.
Further optimization scheme, the construction of different tunnel lighting scenes comprises: simulating a lighting scene of the tunnel, and performing simulated driving by a driver in the simulated scene, wherein the influence factors of the lighting scene comprise: the arrangement mode of the illuminator, the color temperature of a light source, the color temperature difference, the brightness fluctuation, the brightness uniformity, the stroboscopic effect and the stroboscopic effect frequency.
In a further optimized scheme, the arrangement mode of the illuminator comprises: paired, staggered, and intermediate.
In a further optimization scheme, the driving behavior data comprises: driving speed, driving acceleration, transverse position, steering wheel angle and throttle amplitude;
wherein, the driving speed: measuring the average speed of a time interval, wherein the unit is km/h;
acceleration: the average speed change of the measurement time interval is rapid and slow, and the unit is m/s2；
Transverse position: the distance of the vehicle moving in the horizontal direction is m;
steering wheel corner: the angle of rotation of the steering wheel is in rad;
the throttle amplitude: the distance of the downward displacement of the accelerator is in cm;
the eye movement data includes: blink frequency, pupil area, eyelid closure;
wherein, blink frequency: the number of blinks per unit time. The blinking frequency is closely related to the visual fatigue.
Pupil area: the eye pupil area is a sensitive index reflecting the degree of human body load. Low light levels and large psychological and physiological loads can cause pupil area enlargement.
Eyelid closure: the proportion of the eye closing time in unit time;
the electroencephalogram data includes: waveform energy values of theta wave, alpha wave and beta wave and a ratio of (theta + alpha)/beta;
wherein, θ wave: 4-7Hz, when the brain wave is in the frequency, the spirit of the human body is in a deep relaxation state, the attention is highly concentrated, the inspiration is developed, and the creativity is unprecedented and high.
Alpha wave: 8-14Hz, when the brain waves are at the frequency, the brain of a person is clear and relaxed, the attention is focused, the person is easy to concentrate on a certain work, the person is not easy to be interfered by other things outside, and the brain is not easy to be tired.
Beta wave: 8-14Hz, the brain wave frequency is in the brain wave frequency, the human brain is in the clear consciousness, the human spirit is in the state of tension, the human brain is sensitive to surrounding objects, the attention is concentrated on the external environment, the human brain is in a dispersed state, the human brain is easy to fatigue, and most people are in the state in the daytime;
(θ + α)/β: the mental state and the alertness of the driver are characterized.
Further optimizing the scheme, obtaining the objective comfort level comprises:
dividing the physiological index data into 5 grades by using a K-means clustering algorithm, and determining the value ranges of 5 grades of 5 indexes according to a clustering center, wherein the specific process is as follows:
firstly, randomly selecting 5 objects from n types of physiological index data as initial clustering centers a1, a2, a3, a4 and a 5; for the rest other objects, respectively calculating the distance between each object and the initial cluster center a1, a2, a3, a4 and a5, and allocating the distance to the class corresponding to the cluster center with the minimum distance; the cluster center (the mean of all objects in the cluster) of each obtained new cluster is then calculated. This process is repeated until the standard measure function begins to converge. The obtained K-means clustering result is the range of the grade.
Carry out equipment inspection and other preparation work before beginning the experiment, VR equipment in this embodiment chooses for use can measure the eye movement and can simulate the VR equipment in scene. A driver enters a vehicle, the viewpoint calibration work of VR equipment is carried out, the time of the eye tracker and the electroencephalograph is synchronized, the equipment is accurately debugged, and the working state of the equipment is guaranteed to be normal.
After the test subject completes the experiment, the driving behavior data, the electroencephalogram data and the eye movement data of different driving sections of the test subject in the driving process are obtained. In the embodiment, a (theta + alpha)/beta value, a blinking frequency, a pupil area, an accelerator amplitude and a steering wheel rotation angle are selected as an index system, and according to the data, the driving comfort degree to be tested is divided into 5 levels by adopting K-means clustering, and the division result is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
The weight of each physiological index data is determined by adopting an entropy weight method, and is shown in the table 2:
TABLE 2
And (3) evaluating the objective comfort of the testee by adopting set pair analysis, taking the data of the testee when the illuminators are arranged in pairs as an example, and calculating the relation degree vector of each index by using a formula:
μkr＝akr+bkri+ckrj；
and calculating a comprehensive contact degree vector N of the sample based on each index contact degree vector and the weight thereof:
defining the ratio of the degree of identity to the degree of opposition as the set pair's set alignment SHI (μ) in the context of the specific problem:
the results of the obtained set pair analysis are shown in table 3:
in each arrangement, the level corresponding to the maximum SHI value is selected as the evaluation result.
In the embodiment, the comfort degree of a tested person is subjectively evaluated by adopting a subjective questionnaire Likter 1-5 subscale, and the higher the score of the Likter 1-5 subscale, the higher the comfort degree.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present application should be covered within the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method for measuring the comfort level of a driver in a tunnel lighting environment is characterized by comprising the following steps:
under different tunnel lighting scenes, testing the comfort of a driver to obtain objective comfort level and subjective comfort level by detecting the physiological index data of the driver and the form of questionnaire survey; the physiological index data comprises driving behavior data, eye movement data and electroencephalogram data;
the objective comfort level and the subjective comfort level are mutually verified.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein constructing different tunnel lighting scenes comprises: simulating a lighting scene of the tunnel, and performing simulated driving by a driver in the simulated scene, wherein the influence factors of the lighting scene comprise: the arrangement mode of the illuminator, the color temperature of the light source, the color temperature difference, the brightness fluctuation, the brightness uniformity, the stroboscopic effect and the stroboscopic effect frequency.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the illuminator is arranged in a manner that includes: paired, staggered, and intermediate.
4. Method for measuring the comfort of a driver in a tunnel lighting environment according to claim 1,
the driving behavior data includes: driving speed, driving acceleration, transverse position, steering wheel angle and throttle amplitude;
the eye movement data includes: blink frequency, pupil area, eyelid closeness
The electroencephalogram data includes: waveform energy values of theta wave, alpha wave, beta wave, and a ratio of (theta + alpha)/beta.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein obtaining an objective comfort level comprises:
and clustering the physiological index data into 5 classes according to the evaluation grades, determining the value ranges of the 5 classes of the physiological index data according to a clustering center, and calculating the weight of the physiological index data.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein objective comfort of the subject is evaluated using a set-pair analysis.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein evaluating objective comfort using set-pair analysis comprises:
forming a set pair (A, B) by 2 interconnected sets, wherein A is a data set [ x1,.. multidot.xk.. multidot.xn ] formed by physiological index data, and B is an objective comfort level set [ S0-S1,. multidot.Sk-1-Sk.., S4-S5 ];
identity a of analysis set pair (A, B)krDegree of differencebkrDegree of opposition ckrAnd comprehensively evaluating the degree of association mukrCalculating the relation degree vector of each physiological index:
μkr＝akr+bkri+ckrj；
in the formula: a iskrSame degree, bkrIs the degree of difference, ckrIs oppositivity, mukrIn order to comprehensively evaluate the contact degree, i is a difference coefficient, and the value is set to be [ -1, 1 ] according to the utility value of the evaluation value of the corresponding grade]Internal value taking; j is an opponent coefficient, typically-1, and akr+bkr+ckr＝1；
Calculating a comprehensive contact degree vector of the sample based on the index contact degree vectors and the weights thereof;
defining the ratio of the same degree to the opposite degree as the set pair potential SHI (μ) of the set pair:
8. a comfort measurement system for a driver in a tunnel lighting environment, comprising:
the first acquisition module is used for testing the comfort of a driver to obtain an objective comfort level by detecting the physiological index data of the driver under different tunnel lighting scenes;
the second acquisition module is used for testing the comfort of the driver in a questionnaire survey mode under different tunnel lighting scenes to obtain the subjective comfort level;
the physiological index data comprises driving behavior data, eye movement data and electroencephalogram data;
and the verification module is used for mutually verifying the objective comfort level and the subjective comfort level.
9. The system of claim 8, further comprising a simulation module for simulating a lighting scene of the tunnel, wherein the driver performs simulated driving in the simulated scene, and the influence factors of the lighting scene include: the arrangement mode of the illuminator, the color temperature of the light source, the color temperature difference, the brightness fluctuation, the brightness uniformity, the stroboscopic effect and the stroboscopic effect frequency.
10. The system of claim 8, wherein the illuminator is arranged to: paired, staggered, and intermediate.
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| KR20100091738A (en) * | 2009-02-11 | 2010-08-19 | 주식회사 에스코컨설턴트 | Internal tunnel environment developing method with planting and view lighting apparatus |
| CN112353392A (en) * | 2020-11-09 | 2021-02-12 | 清华大学 | Method for evaluating comfort of intelligent driving automobile passenger |
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