CN114662843A - Domatic water and soil loss risk assessment system is renovated in mine - Google Patents
Domatic water and soil loss risk assessment system is renovated in mine Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- KMUONIBRACKNSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium dichromate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Cr](=O)(=O)O[Cr]([O-])(=O)=O KMUONIBRACKNSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 6
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- 239000004016 soil organic matter Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a system for evaluating water and soil loss risks of mine renovation slopes, which is based on a RUSLE model, a soil erosion model and a furrow erosion strength evaluation model and establishes a system platform for water and soil loss evaluation indexes. The system selects from three scale planes, and carries out micro-terrain scale water and soil loss assessment, slope scale water and soil loss assessment and watershed scale water and soil loss assessment. The RUSLE model in the system adopts a new technology to reevaluate, and all elements are mutually related and interacted, so that the RUSLE model has high evaluation precision and practicability. The WEPP model main body adopts a modular structure, soil erosion is divided into different processes and is simulated by different self-models, and therefore a developing integral framework is established. The evolution mechanism of soil erosion from fine ditches, shallow ditches, cutting ditches and scouring is analyzed through the ditch erosion soil loss, and the runoff scouring of the erosion ditches is analyzed to be a main source of soil erosion. The method has important practical significance for scientifically guiding water and soil conservation measures.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of water and soil loss, and particularly relates to a system for evaluating water and soil loss risks of a mine renovation slope.
Background
In recent years, various water and soil conservation ecological restoration projects have been deeply promoted in various areas of China, the obtained effect is small and good, and the evaluation index system and the research method of the comprehensive benefit of water and soil conservation ecological restoration are also powerfully promoted to be developed at a high speed. At present, the water and soil loss is mostly evaluated in Huaihe river, loess and plateau areas. And different methods and different solutions are needed to solve the problem of soil erosion from different angles for different places. Therefore, a water and soil loss assessment system is needed to be used for scientific and reasonable detection and evaluation aiming at the actual benefit of soil ecological restoration, and currently, no systematic method research for assessing water and soil loss based on three different models in scales exists.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a water and soil loss risk assessment system for a mine renovation slope, which is mainly used for analyzing the water and soil loss on the basis of one scale at present, and different methods and different solutions are used for solving the problem of soil erosion from different angles for different places. Therefore, a water and soil loss assessment system is needed to be used for scientific and reasonable detection and evaluation aiming at the actual benefit of soil ecological restoration, and currently, no systematic method research for assessing water and soil loss based on three different models in scales exists.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a system for evaluating the risk of water and soil loss of a mine renovation slope surface comprises the following steps,
step one, a system is started to enter a user login interface, a user logs in according to a user name and a password, if the password and the user name are wrong, the system cannot log in, and the user can also realize the operation of revising the password and logging in and registering;
after entering the system, selecting different models for data input, wherein the models comprise three different modules of a micro-terrain scale calculation module, a slope scale calculation module and a watershed scale calculation module;
when a user selects the micro-terrain scale calculation module, the page lists all relevant values in the database, including sand grain content, clay grain content, powder grain content and organic carbon content, and meanwhile, functions of increasing, editing and calculating the relevant values can be performed, and the user can also import data in batches to realize input operation of a large amount of data;
when a user selects a slope scale module, the page is directly jumped to enumerate various terrain factors including the number of erosion ditches, the cross section area of the erosion ditches and the length of the erosion ditches; meanwhile, the functions of increasing, editing and calculating the correlation value can be performed;
when a user selects a watershed scale calculation module, a page lists all relevant values in a database, including a soil erosion modulus, a rainfall erosion force factor, a soil erodibility factor, a slope length factor, a vegetation coverage factor and a water conservation measure factor, and the functions of increasing, editing and calculating the relevant values can be performed, and the user can import a large number of watershed data parameter factors to perform corresponding calculation according to different watersheds in the module;
step six, after data input is finished, obtaining soil erodibility factors, furrow erosion intensity rating and soil erosion modulus, obtaining soil erodibility rating according to the soil erodibility factors, referring to a table 1, obtaining furrow erosion intensity rating according to a furrow erosion intensity rating model, referring to a table 2, and evaluating water and soil erosion risks according to the soil erosion modulus, referring to a table 3;
TABLE 1 grading Standard for soil erodibility
TABLE 2 cavitation strength rating
TABLE 3 soil tolerance loss
When the soil erosion modulus of the research area is larger than the allowable soil loss, the overall risk of water and soil loss of the slope is higher;
a specific data acquisition and calculation method is as follows,
the acquisition method comprises the following steps: selecting a typical renovation slope in a research area, laying a survey sample prescription of 10m multiplied by 10m, surveying the length, depth and width of an erosion gully in the sample prescription and recording; selecting 3-5 small sample squares of 1m multiplied by 1m in the investigated sample squares, arranging sampling point positions (more than or equal to 5) in each sample square according to an S shape, collecting soil samples according to 5cm in a layering manner, and mixing the samples into 1 sample according to corresponding layers; the soil texture is measured by a Malvern laser particle size analyzer; soil organic matter adopts potassium dichromate dilution heat method; the daily rainfall data comes from a national weather science data network; the soil texture and the soil organic carbon number data come from a Chinese soil data set;
the erosion soil loss calculation model is a data model which is relied on by a slope water erosion evaluation module in the system, and a mathematical model classification method and an erosion gully classification method are adopted to classify the erosion gullies of the small watershed according to the density and the cracking degree of the erosion gullies, and the following formula is adopted:
area ratio (%) of the trench etching to the slope surface is Si/Sx 100% (1)
Density of trench etching (km/km)2)＝Li/S (2)
In the formula: si represents the average cross-sectional area of the erosion gully, S represents the area of the slope, and the total area of the sample is 100m2L represents the erosion groove length; the system depends on a trench erosion model, and in an erosion trench distribution space in one region, according to parameter factors such as the length of the erosion trench, the average area of a cross section and the like, the water conservation in the region is researched to plan the erosion degree of the erosion trench and the change of erosion intensity;
the soil erodibility factor reflects the sensitivity of the simulated area to water and soil loss caused by the characteristics of soil, and the soil erodibility factor is calculated by taking the organic matter content, the soil particle composition, the soil structure grade and the soil permeability grade as parameters, and the formula is as follows:
in the formula: k is a soil erodability factor, SA is the content (%) of soil sand grains (2000-50 um), SI is the content (%) of soil particles (50-2 um), CL is the content (%) of soil clay grains (2 um), C is the content (%) of organic carbon, SN is 1-SA/100, the formula uses American system unit, and is converted into an international system unit formula of K-Kben X0.1317;
the calculation results used the following grading criteria:
TABLE 1 grading Standard for soil erodibility
The soil erosion modulus equation is
A＝R·K·L·S·C·P (4)
In the formula: a represents the soil erosion modulus; r represents the measured value of the erosive power of rainfall; k represents a soil erodability factor; LS represents an evaluation value of a terrain influence; c represents an evaluation value of vegetation effect; p represents an evaluation value of the water conservation measure function;
the rainfall erosion force factor calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula: r is rainfall erosive power factor, Pi is average rainfall (mm) per month, P is average annual rainfall (mm), the formula uses American system unit and converts into international system unit (MJ.mm.hm)-2·a-1) The formula is R ═ R, this formula is multiplied by 17.02;
the slope length factor calculation mode is as follows:
L＝(λ/22.13)m (6)
in the formula: l is a slope length factor, lambda is a slope length (m), and m is a slope index;
the method for calculating the slope index m in the RUSLE is adopted, and the formula is as follows:
m＝β/(1+β) (7)
β＝(sinθ/0.896)/(3.0sinθ0.8+0.56) (8)
in the formula: beta is the ratio of bit erosion to inter-bit erosion, theta is the slope, in degrees;
the gradient factor reflects the influence degree of the gradient on the water and soil loss of the slope, and the formula is as follows:
S＝10.8sinθ+0.03 θ<5° (9)
S＝16.8sinθ-0.5 5°≤θ<10° (10)
S＝21.91sinθ-0.96 10°≤θ (11)
in the formula: s is a gradient factor; theta is the gradient;
the vegetation coverage factor represents the influence of vegetation coverage in slope soil erosion, and the formula is as follows:
C＝1 fc＝0 (12)
C＝0.6508-0.3436lgfc 0<fc<78.3％ (13)
C＝0 78.3％≤fc (14)
in the formula: c is a vegetation coverage factor, and fc is vegetation coverage;
the water and soil conservation measure factors adopt the empirical data of China, and are shown in the following table;
TABLE 4 empirical values of factors for soil and water conservation measures
And obtaining the water and soil measure factor empirical value according to the table.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the system is based on an RUSLE model, a soil erodibility model and an erosion ditch erosion model, an information system based on a B/S (Browser/Server) structure is established for system users, and a system platform of the system is established for water and soil loss evaluation indexes. The system selects from three scales to users, and mainly performs micro-terrain water and soil loss assessment, slope scale water and soil loss assessment and watershed water and soil loss assessment. The RUSLE model in the system adopts a new technology for reevaluation, and all elements are not independent, related and interactive, so that the RUSLE model inherits the USLE model. Has high evaluation precision and practicability. The WEPP model main body adopts a modular structure, soil erosion is divided into different processes and is simulated by different self-models, and therefore a developing integral framework is established. The evolution mechanism of soil erosion from fine ditches, shallow ditches, cutting ditches and scouring is analyzed through the ditch erosion soil loss, the problem is researched through a field investigation comprehensive analysis method, and the erosion gully runoff scouring is analyzed to be a main source of soil erosion. Has important practical significance for scientifically guiding the water and soil conservation measures.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention; the primary objects and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the instrumentalities particularly pointed out in the specification.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention are described in detail below by examples, and the following examples are only exemplary and can be used only for explaining and illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, but not construed as limiting the technical solutions of the present invention.
A system for evaluating the risk of water and soil loss of a mine renovation slope surface comprises the following steps,
step one, a system is started to enter a user login interface, a user logs in according to a user name and a password, if the password and the user name are wrong, the system cannot log in, and the user can also realize the operation of revising the password and logging in and registering;
after entering the system, selecting different models for data input, wherein the models comprise three different modules of a micro-terrain scale calculation module, a slope scale calculation module and a watershed scale calculation module;
when a user selects the micro-terrain scale calculation module, the page lists all relevant values in the database, including sand grain content, clay grain content, powder grain content and organic carbon content, and meanwhile, functions of increasing, editing and calculating the relevant values can be performed, and the user can also import data in batches to realize input operation of a large amount of data;
when a user selects a slope scale module, the page is directly jumped to enumerate various terrain factors including the number of erosion ditches, the cross section area of the erosion ditches and the length of the erosion ditches; meanwhile, the functions of increasing, editing and calculating the correlation value can be performed;
when a user selects a watershed scale calculation module, a page lists all relevant values in a database, including a soil erosion modulus, a rainfall erosion force factor, a soil erodibility factor, a slope length factor, a vegetation coverage factor and a water conservation measure factor, and the functions of increasing, editing and calculating the relevant values can be performed, and the user can import a large number of watershed data parameter factors to perform corresponding calculation according to different watersheds in the module;
and step six, after data input is finished, obtaining a soil erodibility factor, a furrow erosion strength rating and a soil erosion modulus, obtaining a soil erodibility rating according to the soil erodibility factor and referring to a table 1, obtaining a furrow erosion strength rating according to a furrow erosion strength evaluation model and referring to a table 2, and evaluating water and soil loss risks according to the soil erosion modulus and referring to a table 3.
TABLE 1 grading Standard for soil erodibility
TABLE 2 cavitation strength rating
TABLE 3 soil tolerance loss
When the soil erosion modulus of the research area is larger than the allowable soil loss, the overall risk of water and soil loss of the slope is higher;
a specific data acquisition and calculation method is as follows,
the acquisition method comprises the following steps: selecting a typical renovation slope in a research area, laying a survey sample prescription of 10m multiplied by 10m, surveying the length, depth and width of an erosion gully in the sample prescription and recording; selecting 3-5 small sample squares of 1m multiplied by 1m in the investigated sample squares, arranging sampling point positions (more than or equal to 5) in each sample square according to an S shape, collecting soil samples according to 5cm in a layering manner, and mixing the samples into 1 sample according to corresponding layers; the soil texture is measured by a Malvern laser particle size analyzer; soil organic matter adopts potassium dichromate dilution heat method; the daily rainfall data comes from a national weather science data network; the soil texture and the soil organic carbon number data come from a Chinese soil data set;
the erosion soil loss calculation model is a data model which is relied on by a slope water erosion evaluation module in the system, and a mathematical model classification method and an erosion gully classification method are adopted to classify the erosion gullies of the small watershed according to the density and the cracking degree of the erosion gullies, and the following formula is adopted:
area ratio (%) of the trench etching to the slope surface is Si/Sx 100% (1)
Density of trench etching (km/km)2)＝Li/S (2)
In the formula: si represents the average cross-sectional area of the erosion gully, S represents the slope area, and the total area of the sample is 100m2L represents the erosion groove length; the system depends on a trench erosion model, and in an erosion trench distribution space in one region, according to parameter factors such as the length of the erosion trench, the average area of a cross section and the like, the water conservation in the region is researched to plan the erosion degree of the erosion trench and the change of erosion intensity;
the soil erodibility factor reflects the sensitivity of the simulated area to water and soil loss caused by the characteristics of soil, and the soil erodibility factor is calculated by taking the organic matter content, the soil particle composition, the soil structure grade and the soil permeability grade as parameters, and the formula is as follows:
in the formula: k is a soil erodability factor, SA is the content (%) of soil sand grains (2000-50 um), SI is the content (%) of soil particles (50-2 um), CL is the content (%) of soil clay grains (2 um), C is the content (%) of organic carbon, SN is 1-SA/100, the formula uses American system units, and is converted into an international system unit formula of K which is Kyanthis formula multiplied by 0.1317;
the calculation results used the following grading criteria:
TABLE 1 grading Standard for soil erodibility
The soil erosion modulus equation is
A＝R·K·L·S·C·P (4)
In the formula: a represents the soil erosion modulus; r represents the measured value of the erosive power of rainfall; k represents a soil erodability factor; LS represents an evaluation value of a terrain influence; c represents an evaluation value of vegetation effect; p represents an evaluation value of the action of the water conservation measure;
the rainfall erosion force factor calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula: r is rainfall erosive power factor, Pi is average rainfall (mm) per month, P is average annual rainfall (mm), the formula uses American system unit and converts into international system unit (MJ.mm.hm)-2·a-1) The formula is R ═ R, this formula is multiplied by 17.02;
the slope length factor calculation mode is as follows:
L＝(λ/22.13)m (6)
in the formula: l is a slope length factor, lambda is a slope length (m), and m is a slope index;
the method for calculating the slope index m in the RUSLE is adopted, and the formula is as follows:
m＝β/(1+β) (7)
β＝(sinθ/0.896)/(3.0sinθ0.8+0.56) (8)
in the formula: beta is the ratio of bit erosion to inter-bit erosion, theta is the slope, in degrees;
the gradient factor reflects the influence degree of the gradient on the water and soil loss of the slope, and the formula is as follows:
S＝10.8sinθ+0.03 θ<5° (9)
S＝16.8sinθ-0.5 5°≤θ<10° (10)
S＝21.91sinθ-0.96 10°≤θ (11)
in the formula: s is a gradient factor; theta is the gradient;
the vegetation coverage factor represents the influence of vegetation coverage in slope soil erosion, and the formula is as follows:
C＝1 fc＝0 (12)
C＝0.6508-0.3436lgfc 0<fc<78.3％ (13)
C＝0 78.3％≤fc (14)
in the formula: c is a vegetation coverage factor, and fc is vegetation coverage;
the water and soil conservation measure factors adopt the empirical data of China, and are shown in the following table;
TABLE 4 empirical values of factors for soil and water conservation measures
And obtaining the water and soil measure factor empirical value according to the table.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the system is based on an RUSLE model, a soil erodibility model and an erosion ditch erosion model, an information system based on a B/S (Browser/Server) structure is established for system users, and a system platform of the system is established for water and soil loss evaluation indexes. The system selects from three scales to users, and mainly performs micro-terrain scale water and soil loss assessment, slope scale water and soil loss assessment and watershed scale water and soil loss assessment. The RUSLE model in the system adopts a new technology for reevaluation, and all elements are not independent, related and interactive, so that the RUSLE model inherits the USLE model. Has high evaluation precision and practicability. The WEPP model main body adopts a modular structure, and soil erosion is divided into different processes and simulated by different self-models, so that a developed integral framework is established. The evolution mechanism of soil erosion from fine ditches, shallow ditches, cutting ditches and scouring is analyzed through the ditch erosion soil loss, the problem is researched through a field investigation comprehensive analysis method, and the erosion gully runoff scouring is analyzed to be a main source of soil erosion. The method has important practical significance for scientifically guiding water and soil conservation measures.
The following is described with reference to specific examples:
the inner Mongolia Bayan Dan Shang' er city Wulat front flag is used for evaluating the risk of mine renovation slope surface water and soil loss, and the research process is as follows:
(1) evaluation of soil erodibility:
evaluating the soil erodibility of the slope according to the soil property of the slope
TABLE 5 slope soil Properties
Calculating to obtain: k is 0.0321 t.h.MJ-1·mm-1. Calculating the erosion property of the foreign soil on the disturbed slope surface, belonging to the middle-low erosion property.
(2) Pitting strength data and evaluation:
TABLE 6 fourteen R-01 erosion groove development status
TABLE 7 fourteen R-02 erosive groove development status
TABLE 8 developmental status of the fourteen R-03 erosion grooves
TABLE 9 fourteen R-04 erosion groove development status
TABLE 10 fourteen R-05 erosion groove development status
TABLE 11 fourteen R-06 erosion groove development status
TABLE 12 fourteen R-07 erosive groove development status
TABLE 13 dam R-01 erosion gully development status
TABLE 14 dam R-02 erosion gully development status
TABLE 15 development of the R-01 erosion gully of a hole
TABLE 16 development status of R-02 erosion gully of Gomphon
(3) And (3) evaluating soil erosion:
the annual soil loss in the region can be calculated according to the RUSLE model and can be obtained by calculating all factors as follows:
TABLE 17 RUSLE model-based soil erosion modulus calculation
And (4) performing annual water and soil loss simulation on the sample plot slope surface by adopting the RUSLE model to obtain results of considering vegetation coverage and not considering vegetation coverage as shown in the table. Under the condition of considering the actual vegetation coverage, the annual soil loss of the slope obtained by simulation is 4.25 t.hm from the minimum value of the slope where the sample plot fourteen R-02 is positioned-2·a-1269.80 t.hm of slope where R-01 arrives at dam-2·a-1Are not equal. Fourteen R-03, dam R-01 and dam R-02 are all larger than 200 t.hm-2·a-1Belongs to the slope with larger erosion amount in the north. And the cover of the alien soil vegetation is not considered, so that the overall risk of water and soil loss of the slope where various fields are located is higher. The slope surface of the fourteen R-03 sample plot is 537.77 t.hm-2·a-1The lowest slope surface where the buster cave R-02 is located is 50.52 t.hm-2·a-1. The fourteen R-03, the fourteen R-04, the fourteen R-07, the fourteen R-08, the dam R-01 and the dam R-02 are all more than 200 t.hm-2·a-1The soil loss is allowed to exceed the northern soil loss. The system evaluates the Wulat front flag mine from three scales, and provides a basis for vegetation restoration and ecological restoration of later-stage mines.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that may be made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention will be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. The utility model provides a domatic soil erosion and water loss risk evaluation system is renovated in mine which characterized in that: comprises the following steps of (a) carrying out,
step one, a system is started to enter a user login interface, a user logs in according to a user name and a password, if the password and the user name are wrong, the system cannot log in, and the user can also realize the operation of revising the password and logging in and registering;
after entering the system, selecting different models for data input, wherein the models comprise three different modules of soil erosion, namely a micro-terrain scale calculation module, a slope scale calculation module and a watershed scale calculation module;
when a user selects the micro-terrain scale calculation module, the page lists all relevant values in the database, including sand grain content, clay grain content, powder grain content and organic carbon content, and meanwhile, functions of increasing, editing and calculating the relevant values can be performed, and the user can also import data in batches to realize input operation of a large amount of data;
when a user selects a slope scale module, the page is directly jumped to enumerate various terrain factors including the number of erosion ditches, the cross section area of the erosion ditches and the length of the erosion ditches; meanwhile, the functions of increasing, editing and calculating the correlation value can be performed;
when the user selects the watershed scale calculation module, a page lists all relevant values in a database, including a soil erosion modulus, a rainfall erosion force factor, a soil erodibility factor, a slope length factor, a vegetation coverage factor and a water conservation measure factor, and meanwhile, the functions of increasing, editing and calculating the relevant values can be performed, and the user can import a large number of watershed data parameter factors to perform corresponding calculation in the module according to different watersheds;
step six, after data input is finished, obtaining a soil erodibility factor, a furrow erosion intensity rating and a soil erosion modulus, obtaining the soil erodibility rating according to the soil erodibility factor and referring to a table 1, obtaining the furrow erosion intensity rating according to a furrow erosion intensity rating model and referring to a table 2, and evaluating the water and soil loss risk according to the soil erosion modulus and referring to a table 3;
TABLE 1 grading Standard for soil erodibility
TABLE 2 cavitation strength rating
TABLE 3 soil tolerance loss
When the soil erosion modulus of the research area is larger than the allowable soil loss, the overall risk of water and soil loss of the slope is higher;
a specific data acquisition and calculation method is as follows,
the acquisition method comprises the following steps: selecting a typical renovation slope in a research area, laying a survey sample prescription of 10m multiplied by 10m, surveying the length, depth and width of an erosion gully in the sample prescription and recording; selecting 3-5 small sample squares of 1m multiplied by 1m in the investigated sample squares, arranging sampling point positions (more than or equal to 5) in each sample square according to an S shape, collecting soil samples according to 5cm in a layering manner, and mixing the samples into 1 sample according to corresponding layers; the soil texture is measured by a Malvern laser particle size analyzer; soil organic matter adopts potassium dichromate dilution heat method; the daily rainfall data comes from a national weather science data network; the soil texture and the soil organic carbon number data come from a Chinese soil data set;
the erosion soil loss calculation model is a data model which is relied on by a slope water erosion evaluation module in the system, and a mathematical model classification method and an erosion gully classification method are adopted to classify the erosion gullies of the small watershed according to the density and the cracking degree of the erosion gullies, and the following formula is adopted:
area ratio (%) of the trench etching to the slope surface is Si/Sx 100% (1)
Trench etchingDegree (km/km)2)＝Li/S (2)
In the formula: si represents the average cross-sectional area of the erosion gully, S represents the slope area, and the total area of the sample is 100m2L represents the erosion groove length; the system depends on a trench erosion model, and in an erosion trench distribution space in one region, according to parameter factors such as the length of the erosion trench, the average area of a cross section and the like, the water conservation in the region is researched to plan the erosion degree of the erosion trench and the change of erosion intensity;
the soil erodibility factor reflects the sensitivity of the simulated area to water and soil loss caused by the characteristics of soil, and the soil erodibility factor is calculated by taking the organic matter content, the soil particle composition, the soil structure grade and the soil permeability grade as parameters, and the formula is as follows:
in the formula: k is a soil erodability factor, SA is the content (%) of soil sand grains (2000-50 um), SI is the content (%) of soil particles (50-2 um), CL is the content (%) of soil clay grains (2 um), C is the content (%) of organic carbon, SN is 1-SA/100, the formula uses American system unit, and is converted into an international system unit formula of K-Kben X0.1317;
the calculation results used the following grading criteria:
TABLE 1 grading Standard for soil erodibility
The soil erosion modulus equation is
A＝R·K·L·S·C·P (4)
In the formula: a represents the soil erosion modulus; r represents the measured value of the erosive power of rainfall; k represents a soil erodability factor; LS represents an evaluation value of a terrain influence; c represents an evaluation value of vegetation effect; p represents an evaluation value of the water conservation measure function;
the rainfall erosion force factor calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula: r is rainfall erosive power factor, Pi is average rainfall (mm) per month, P is average annual rainfall (mm), the formula uses American system unit and converts into international system unit (MJ.mm.hm)-2·a-1) The formula is R ═ R, this formula is multiplied by 17.02;
the slope length factor calculation mode is as follows:
L＝(λ/22.13)m (6)
in the formula: l is a slope length factor, lambda is a slope length (m), and m is a slope index;
the method for calculating the slope index m in the RUSLE is adopted, and the formula is as follows:
m＝β/(1+β) (7)
β＝(sinθ/0.896)/(3.0sinθ0.8+0.56) (8)
in the formula: beta is the ratio of bit erosion to inter-bit erosion, theta is the slope, in degrees;
the gradient factor reflects the influence degree of the gradient on the water and soil loss of the slope, and the formula is as follows:
S＝10.8sinθ+0.03 θ<5° (9)
S＝16.8sinθ-0.5 5°≤θ<10° (10)
S＝21.91sinθ-0.96 10°≤θ (11)
in the formula: s is a gradient factor; theta is the gradient;
the vegetation coverage factor represents the influence of vegetation coverage in slope soil erosion, and the formula is as follows:
C＝1 fc＝0 (12)
C＝0.6508-0.3436lgfc 0<fc<78.3％ (13)
C＝0 78.3％≤fc (14)
in the formula: c is a vegetation coverage factor, and fc is vegetation coverage;
the water and soil conservation measure factors adopt the empirical data of China, and are shown in the following table;
TABLE 4 empirical values of factors for soil and water conservation measures
And obtaining the water and soil measure factor empirical value according to the table.
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