CN114661075A - Fuzzy control method for waste gas temperature of blast furnace hot blast stove - Google Patents
Fuzzy control method for waste gas temperature of blast furnace hot blast stove Download PDFInfo
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- CN114661075A CN114661075A CN202210279799.7A CN202210279799A CN114661075A CN 114661075 A CN114661075 A CN 114661075A CN 202210279799 A CN202210279799 A CN 202210279799A CN 114661075 A CN114661075 A CN 114661075A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D23/00—Control of temperature
- G05D23/19—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means
- G05D23/20—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means with sensing elements having variation of electric or magnetic properties with change of temperature
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B9/00—Stoves for heating the blast in blast furnaces
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of automatic control of a blast furnace hot blast stove, and discloses a fuzzy control method for the waste gas temperature of the blast furnace hot blast stove, which comprises the following steps: presetting an exhaust gas temperature basic model corresponding to a current exhaust gas temperature management period; adjusting and updating the latest exhaust gas temperature model corresponding to the next exhaust gas temperature management period according to a preset regulation and control rule; wherein the exhaust gas temperature model reflects a relationship between the heating time and the exhaust gas temperature dynamic set value; the waste gas temperature basic model is preset in the current heating process of the blast furnace, then the waste gas temperature basic model is adjusted according to the preset regulation and control rule, and the latest waste gas temperature model obtained by trial is used for dynamically setting the waste gas temperature in the waste gas temperature management period in the next heating process of the blast furnace, so that the waste and insufficient heat storage conditions in the furnace burning process are gradually reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of automatic control of a blast furnace hot blast stove, in particular to a fuzzy control method for the waste gas temperature of the blast furnace hot blast stove.
Background
The combustion process of an industrial furnace taking coal gas as a combustion medium is a large-time-lag and nonlinear process. A linear model or a method of referring to a heat or a reference point is generally adopted as the setting of the exhaust gas temperature control, but the exhaust gas temperature and the gas flow are not in a linear relation and cannot be described by a simple mathematical model, and intelligent methods such as fuzzy control and the like are generally adopted.
However, the existing fuzzy control is difficult to ensure the control precision, in fact, under the condition that the temperature of the waste gas of most hot blast stoves has the same air-fuel ratio deviation and deviation change rate, the adjustment of a gas valve is nonlinear, and especially if the control is carried out according to the deviation and deviation change rate in the later period in the early period of the burning, the gas valve reaches the burning end point far before the burning period, and the burning is forced to be stewed, so that the energy is wasted. If the early control quantity is too small, the target waste gas temperature cannot be reached in the furnace burning period, and the air supply and the normal production of the blast furnace are influenced. Even if the target exhaust gas temperature is precisely reached at the end point, the purpose of sufficient accumulation cannot be achieved due to frequent temperature fluctuations during the heat accumulation process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a fuzzy control method for the exhaust gas temperature of a blast furnace hot blast stove, which solves the following technical problems:
the action frequency and amplitude of the regulating valve are reduced, the invalid regulating times are reduced, the fuzzy control is stable, reliable and efficient, the target value of the waste gas temperature is accurately reached at the end point of the furnace burning period reliably, the heat storage process is stable and smooth, and the heat storage amount is enough for air supply.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for fuzzy control of exhaust gas temperature of a blast furnace hot blast stove comprises the following steps:
presetting an exhaust gas temperature basic model corresponding to a current exhaust gas temperature management period;
adjusting and updating the latest exhaust gas temperature model corresponding to the next exhaust gas temperature management period according to a preset regulation rule;
wherein the exhaust gas temperature model reflects a relationship between a heating time and an exhaust gas temperature dynamic set point.
As a further scheme of the invention: the basic model of the exhaust gas temperature is a quadratic polynomial or a cubic polynomial.
As a further scheme of the invention: the basic model of the exhaust gas temperature is as follows: y is ax2+bx+c；
Wherein, a is a system static error correlation constant, b is a hot blast stove structure correlation constant, c is an initial waste gas temperature correlation constant, x is heating time, and y is a waste gas temperature dynamic set value.
As a further scheme of the invention: the preset regulation and control rule comprises the following steps:
selecting three model construction base points, solving the values of a, b and c according to the three model construction base points, and constructing a preset exhaust gas temperature model;
substituting the specified heating time into the preset waste gas temperature model to obtain a preset waste gas temperature dynamic set value;
judging whether the difference between the preset exhaust gas temperature dynamic setting value and a specified exhaust gas temperature dynamic setting value corresponding to the specified heating time belongs to a preset range or not;
if the model belongs to the preset exhaust gas temperature model, setting the preset exhaust gas temperature model as a latest exhaust gas temperature model;
and if not, modifying the model construction base point according to a preset rule, and reconstructing the preset exhaust gas temperature model.
As a further scheme of the invention: independent variables of the model building base points are x0, x1 and x2 respectively, and corresponding dynamic set values of the exhaust gas temperature are y0, y1 and y2 respectively;
wherein y0 is the measured temperature at heating time x0, y1 is the target temperature at heating time x1, and y2 is the target temperature at heating time x 2;
the preset rules include:
if the difference between the preset exhaust gas temperature dynamic setting value and the appointed exhaust gas temperature dynamic setting value corresponding to the appointed heating time is smaller than the minimum value of the preset range, enabling y1 to be y1-h, and reconstructing the preset exhaust gas temperature model;
if the difference between the preset exhaust gas temperature dynamic setting value and the appointed exhaust gas temperature dynamic setting value corresponding to the appointed heating time is larger than the maximum value of the preset range, enabling y1 to be y1+ h, and reconstructing the preset exhaust gas temperature model; wherein h is the temperature adjustment step length.
As a further scheme of the invention: the specified heating time was x3, x3 ═ x2-T, and x1 ═ x0+ T.
As a further scheme of the invention: h is preset to 0.5 ℃.
As a further scheme of the invention: t is preset to 2 minutes.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the waste gas temperature basic model is preset in the current heating process of the blast furnace, then the waste gas temperature basic model is adjusted according to the preset regulation and control rule, and the latest waste gas temperature model obtained by trial is used for dynamically setting the waste gas temperature in the waste gas temperature management period in the next heating process of the blast furnace, so that the waste and insufficient heat storage conditions in the furnace burning process are gradually reduced.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a process diagram of the model fitting of the exhaust gas temperature of a blast furnace hot blast stove according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the prior art of the present invention, the stove combustion control is generally segmented into the following sections: heating section, vault temperature management section, waste gas temperature management section.
Wherein, the heating section is from ignition to the vault temperature reaching a set value or a maximum value (when the gas heat value does not reach the vault temperature setting requirement, the vault temperature maximum value which can be reached by the current heat value is set as a vault temperature control target value);
the vault temperature management section starts from the end point of the heating section to the end of the furnace burning.
The waste gas temperature management section refers to the period from the vault temperature management and regulation to the end of furnace burning.
In the existing regulation control of the waste gas temperature management section, the gas valve is frequently regulated, the regulation amplitude is large, the linear waste gas temperature dynamic setting misleads a fuzzy controller, the invalid control times are more, the furnace burning is finished too early, and the energy is wasted; however, if self-learning is used, the furnace burning process is alternately completed too early and too late, which causes waste or influences air supply, and solves the problem of insufficient heat storage.
The invention relates to a fuzzy control method for the waste gas temperature of a blast furnace hot blast stove, which comprises the following steps:
presetting an exhaust gas temperature basic model corresponding to a current exhaust gas temperature management period;
adjusting and updating the latest exhaust gas temperature model corresponding to the next exhaust gas temperature management period according to a preset regulation rule;
wherein the exhaust gas temperature model reflects a relationship between the heating time and the exhaust gas temperature dynamic setpoint.
The waste gas temperature basic model is preset in the current heating process of the blast furnace, then the waste gas temperature basic model is adjusted according to the preset regulation and control rule, and the latest waste gas temperature model obtained by trial is used for dynamically setting the waste gas temperature in the waste gas temperature management period in the next heating process of the blast furnace, so that the waste and insufficient heat storage conditions in the furnace burning process are gradually reduced.
The basic model of the exhaust gas temperature is a quadratic polynomial or a cubic polynomial, and the quadratic polynomial is generally adopted.
When the basic model of the exhaust gas temperature adopts a quadratic polynomial, the basic model of the exhaust gas temperature is as follows: y is ax2+bx+c；
Wherein, a is a system static error correlation constant related to factors such as furnace age, detecting instrument, L1 regulator, response delay time, etc., b is a hot blast stove structure correlation constant, c is an initial waste gas temperature correlation constant, x is heating time, and y is a waste gas temperature dynamic set value.
The method can be divided into a first-two point model, an inflection point model and a final-two point model according to the determination of three base points for establishing a quadratic polynomial model.
The starting point-two point model may be a co-constructed model of actual temperature values and end point temperature target values of two adjacent control cycles in the exhaust gas temperature management period.
The inflection point model is a model constructed by combining an actual temperature value of a first control period in an exhaust gas temperature management period, a certain reference value (for example, 320 ℃ is required to be burnt at the 50 th minute) determined empirically in a furnace burning process and an end point temperature target value.
The final two-point model refers to a model which is constructed by the actual temperature value, the temperature rise value of the end point temperature and the target value of the end point temperature in the first control period T in the exhaust gas temperature management period.
The preset regulation and control rule comprises the following steps:
selecting three model construction base points, solving the values of a, b and c according to the three model construction base points, and constructing a preset exhaust gas temperature model;
substituting the designated heating time into the preset exhaust gas temperature model to obtain a preset exhaust gas temperature dynamic set value;
judging whether the difference between the preset exhaust gas temperature dynamic set value and a specified exhaust gas temperature dynamic set value corresponding to the specified heating time belongs to a preset range or not;
if the model belongs to the preset exhaust gas temperature model, setting the preset exhaust gas temperature model as a latest exhaust gas temperature model;
if not, modifying the model construction base point according to a preset rule, and reconstructing the preset exhaust gas temperature model.
In the construction process of the preset exhaust gas temperature model, the independent variables of the model construction base points are x0, x1 and x2 respectively, and the corresponding exhaust gas temperature dynamic setting values are y0, y1 and y2 respectively; that is, the three model building base points may be a (x0, y0), B (x1, y1), C (x2, y2), respectively.
Where y0 is the measured temperature at heating time x0, y1 is the target temperature at heating time x1, and y2 is the target temperature at heating time x 2.
In this embodiment of the present invention, a beginning-two-point model is used to select three model building base points, and the control period may be set to 2 minutes, and if the time at the end is 100 minutes, the following is taken as an example:
three points A (20, y0), B (22, y1) and C (100, y2) are taken as model construction base points, y0 is the measured temperature of 20 minutes of heating time, y1 is the measured temperature of 22 minutes of heating time, and y2 is the target temperature of 100 minutes of heating time. Using lagrange basis functions:
and
the values of a, b, and c are confirmed.
After constructing the corresponding preset exhaust gas temperature model, the specified heating time x3 may be substituted into the preset exhaust gas temperature model to obtain the corresponding specified exhaust gas temperature dynamic set value y3, where x3 is x2-T, where T is a control period, and in an embodiment of the present invention, T may be set to 2 minutes.
The preset rules include:
if the difference between the preset exhaust gas temperature dynamic set value and the appointed exhaust gas temperature dynamic set value corresponding to the appointed heating time is smaller than the minimum value of the preset range, enabling y1 to be y1-h, and reconstructing a preset exhaust gas temperature model;
if the difference between the preset exhaust gas temperature dynamic set value and the specified exhaust gas temperature dynamic set value corresponding to the specified heating time is larger than the maximum value of the preset range, enabling y1 to be y1+ h, and reconstructing a preset exhaust gas temperature model; wherein h is a temperature adjustment step length, and h is preset to be 0.5 ℃ in the embodiment of the present invention.
In the above determination process, with reference to the above example, the dynamic set value of the specified exhaust gas temperature at the 98 th minute may be calculated by using the preset exhaust gas temperature model;
calculating Dt-y 2-y 3; dt is the difference between the preset exhaust gas temperature dynamic set value and a specified exhaust gas temperature dynamic set value corresponding to the specified heating time;
if Df _ t _ max > is Dt > Df _ t _ min, the preset exhaust gas temperature model is applicable; the preset range is a temperature interval with a minimum value Df _ t _ mi n and a maximum value Df _ t _ max.
If Dt < Df _ t _ mi n, it means that the furnace will be ended earlier, and it may need to be stewed, wasting energy. At this point, the temperature value at point 2 may be reduced by one step, y1 — y1-h reconstructs the model, and so on until the model is applicable;
if Dt > Df _ t _ max, it means that the target exhaust temperature is not reached within the combustion period, which may affect the blast furnace air supply. At this time, a step may be added to the temperature value at point 2, so that y1 is re-assigned when y1 is equal to y1+ h, and then the model is constructed, and so on until the model is applicable;
then, the updated values of a, B and c are confirmed again by B (22, y1) to construct a new preset exhaust temperature model until the difference between the preset exhaust temperature dynamic setting value and the specified exhaust temperature dynamic setting value corresponding to the specified heating time falls within the preset range.
As shown in fig. 1, that is, in the process of fitting the model of the exhaust gas temperature of the blast furnace hot blast stove, it can be seen that different models of the exhaust gas temperature can be obtained according to different model building base points and different model building types.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
through predetermineeing exhaust gas temperature basic model when inferior blast furnace heating in-process, then adjust exhaust gas temperature basic model according to predetermineeing regulation and control rule, the latest exhaust gas temperature model that obtains on probation carries out exhaust gas temperature dynamic settlement to the exhaust gas temperature management phase in the next blast furnace heating process, thereby the condition of gradual reduction burning furnace process's waste and heat accumulation insufficiency, it is frequent and the range of regulation big to solve the gas valve regulation, linear exhaust gas temperature dynamic settlement misleading fuzzy controller, the invalid control number of times is many, too close burning furnace in advance, the problem of the extravagant energy. The situation that the furnace burning process is alternately completed too early and too late when self-learning is used is avoided, resource waste and air supply influence are reduced, and the situation that heat storage is insufficient is solved.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation and a specific orientation configuration and operation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and the like are to be construed broadly and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate member, or they may be connected through two or more elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
While one embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail, the description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for fuzzy control of exhaust gas temperature of a blast furnace hot blast stove is characterized by comprising the following steps:
presetting an exhaust gas temperature basic model corresponding to a current exhaust gas temperature management period;
adjusting and updating the latest exhaust gas temperature model corresponding to the next exhaust gas temperature management period according to a preset regulation rule;
wherein the exhaust gas temperature model reflects a relationship between a heating time and an exhaust gas temperature dynamic set point.
2. The method of fuzzy control of exhaust gas temperature of a blast furnace hot blast stove according to claim 1, wherein the exhaust gas temperature basic model is a quadratic polynomial or a cubic polynomial.
3. The method of fuzzy control of exhaust gas temperature of a blast furnace hot blast stove according to claim 2, wherein the exhaust gas temperature basic model is: y is ax2+bx+c；
Wherein, a is a system static error related constant, b is a hot blast stove structure related constant, c is an initial waste gas temperature related constant, x is heating time, and y is a waste gas temperature dynamic set value.
4. The method of fuzzy control of exhaust gas temperature of a blast furnace hot blast stove according to claim 3, wherein the preset regulation and control rules comprise:
selecting three model construction base points, solving the values of a, b and c according to the three model construction base points, and constructing a preset exhaust gas temperature model;
substituting the specified heating time into the preset waste gas temperature model to obtain a preset waste gas temperature dynamic set value;
judging whether the difference between the preset exhaust gas temperature dynamic setting value and a specified exhaust gas temperature dynamic setting value corresponding to the specified heating time belongs to a preset range or not;
if the model belongs to the preset exhaust gas temperature model, setting the preset exhaust gas temperature model as a latest exhaust gas temperature model;
and if not, modifying the model construction base point according to a preset rule, and reconstructing the preset exhaust gas temperature model.
5. The method for fuzzy control of the exhaust gas temperature of the blast furnace hot blast stove according to claim 4, wherein the independent variables of the model building base points are x0, x1 and x2 respectively, and the corresponding dynamic set values of the exhaust gas temperature are y0, y1 and y2 respectively;
wherein y0 is the measured temperature at heating time x0, y1 is the target temperature at heating time x1, and y2 is the target temperature at heating time x 2;
the preset rules include:
if the difference between the preset exhaust gas temperature dynamic setting value and the appointed exhaust gas temperature dynamic setting value corresponding to the appointed heating time is smaller than the minimum value of the preset range, enabling y1 to be y1-h, and reconstructing the preset exhaust gas temperature model;
if the difference between the preset exhaust gas temperature dynamic setting value and the appointed exhaust gas temperature dynamic setting value corresponding to the appointed heating time is larger than the maximum value of the preset range, enabling y1 to be y1+ h, and reconstructing the preset exhaust gas temperature model; wherein h is the temperature adjustment step length.
6. The method of fuzzy control of exhaust gas temperature of blast furnace hot blast stove according to claim 5, characterized in that the specified heating time is x3, x3 ═ x2-T, and x1 ═ x0+ T.
7. The method for fuzzy control of exhaust gas temperature of a blast furnace hot blast stove according to claim 5, wherein h is preset to 0.5 ℃.
8. The method of fuzzy control of exhaust gas temperature of a blast furnace hot blast stove according to claim 6, wherein T is preset to 2 minutes.
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