CN114660647A - Novel portable nuclear radiation survey instrument - Google Patents
Novel portable nuclear radiation survey instrument Download PDFInfo
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- CN114660647A CN114660647A CN202210375738.0A CN202210375738A CN114660647A CN 114660647 A CN114660647 A CN 114660647A CN 202210375738 A CN202210375738 A CN 202210375738A CN 114660647 A CN114660647 A CN 114660647A
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- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005025 nuclear technology Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000006855 networking Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFLYIWITHZJFLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Si].[Au] Chemical compound [Si].[Au] OFLYIWITHZJFLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100001261 hazardous Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012857 radioactive material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000941 radioactive substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010183 spectrum analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004347 surface barrier Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
- G01T1/16—Measuring radiation intensity
- G01T1/185—Measuring radiation intensity with ionisation chamber arrangements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
- G01T1/16—Measuring radiation intensity
- G01T1/18—Measuring radiation intensity with counting-tube arrangements, e.g. with Geiger counters
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
- G01T1/16—Measuring radiation intensity
- G01T1/20—Measuring radiation intensity with scintillation detectors
- G01T1/202—Measuring radiation intensity with scintillation detectors the detector being a crystal
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- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
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- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Measurement Of Radiation (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a novel portable nuclear radiation survey meter, which comprises a portable host and a plurality of probes, wherein the host comprises a host control module, a display alarm setting module, a host communication module and a host power supply module; the probe comprises a detector, an amplifying circuit, a high-voltage circuit, a detector control unit, a probe communication module, a measurement result processing module and a detector power supply module. The surveying instrument has the advantages of multiple measuring ray types, high precision, convenient carrying and good reliability, has the functions of single machine/network patrol and point line patrol/surface patrol, is particularly suitable for completing tasks such as radioactive source searching, nuclear terrorism/emergency rescue handling of nuclear accidents, large-area venue radiation monitoring and the like, can be widely applied to radiation field survey of nuclear facilities, nuclear technology application units, scientific research institutions, chemical defense units and environmental protection supervision and management departments, and has wide market application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of nuclear radiation detection, in particular to a novel portable nuclear radiation survey meter.
Background
In recent years, with the wide application of nuclear technology, radioactive substances are used more intensively in the fields of industry, medical treatment, scientific research, customs and the like, and meanwhile, with the diversification of terrorist measures, the serious threat of a nuclear terrorist event gradually appears, and great potential influence is brought to the social security and stability. The requirements of departments such as public security, army, medical treatment, safety, environmental monitoring and the like on equipment for nuclear radiation events are increasingly prominent, and the requirements on researching and popularizing a radiation patrol measuring instrument with the characteristics of portability, easiness in use, accuracy, reliability and the like are very urgent.
At present, most of such detecting instruments rely on import, domestic similar equipment is few, the price is high, particularly, the technical approach of later-stage maintenance is complex, the cost is extremely high, and the function of networking for large-area radiation inspection is relatively lacked.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the inherent defects of the scintillation detector, the project aims at the regional nuclear accident, the nuclear terrorism event emergency treatment and the daily nuclear radiation monitoring application, analyzes the current development situation and the market demand of the related technologies at home and abroad, and develops a portable nuclear radiation monitor which has high precision, low power consumption, quick response, light quality, single-machine/networking patrol detection, point-line/large-area patrol detection functions and higher cost performance. The method can be widely applied to the fields of environmental monitoring, hazardous article disposal, nuclear accident emergency rescue, anti-terrorism stability maintenance and the like.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a novel portable nuclear radiation patrol instrument which comprises a portable host and a plurality of probes, wherein the host mainly has the functions of data display, alarm threshold setting, sound-light alarm and power supply system management. In addition, the functions of record storage, working mode setting and communication management are also provided. The probe has the main functions of acquisition, amplification, discrimination, forming, noise elimination, transformation and calculation of nuclear radiation signals, and uploads a measurement result to a host computer, and the host computer can also control the working mode, the conversion rate and the like of the probe;
the host comprises a host control module, a display alarm setting module, a host communication module and a host power supply module, wherein the host power supply module is connected with the display alarm setting module and the host control module, and the host control module is connected with the host communication module; the host control module adopts an industrial ARM9 processor, the processor can process host frequency up to 400MHz, and the peripheral interfaces are rich. The processor has stable work and strong anti-interference performance and is widely applied to the fields of industrial control, instruments and meters and the like; the display unit selects an industrial grade 3.5-inch TFT color display screen with screen pixels of 320 x 240, the size and power consumption of the screen are moderate, the color is clear, the written software is user-friendly, and the system requirements can be met; the host power supply can be powered by a lithium battery, and can also be powered/charged by direct current of an adapter. The charging and discharging of the battery are intelligently managed through a charging management chip;
the probe comprises a detector, an amplifying circuit, a high-voltage circuit, a detector control unit, a probe communication module, a measurement result processing module and a detector power supply module, wherein the power supply module is connected with the detector, the detector control unit and the measurement result processing module;
the host communication module is connected with the probe communication module, the probe and the host adopt a split structure, the host is in communication connection with the probe, and the host is provided with a fixed position of the probe, so that the operation of a user with one hand is facilitated; the host can be connected with different probes according to different working requirements.
Preferably, the host communication module and the probe communication module realize signal transmission through a CAN or RS485 bus, the independent work and multi-probe work modes of the probe are considered, the bus mode is preferably considered, and the CAN and RS485 bus is selected as a communication interface of the probe. The two bus interfaces have wide application, long transmission distance and strong anti-interference performance, and can meet the system requirements. Therefore, the distance between the contaminated area and the measuring personnel can be prolonged, the measuring personnel can check the probe data at the far end, and the operations such as mode setting and the like are carried out, so that the safety of the measuring personnel is ensured; under the condition that the power supply allows (or the probes supply power independently), a single host can also cooperate with a plurality of probes to form a small monitoring network; the data can also be transmitted to an upper computer monitoring system, and the mode can be applied to the multipoint monitoring occasion of probe fixed point.
Preferably, the host communication module and the probe communication module realize wireless signal transmission through the internet of things communication ZigBee module, and in a multi-host working mode, the host and the probe are automatically networked by using the internet of things technology, communicate data, and form a nuclear radiation measurement and control network, and on a host display interface or a host software interface, measurement information of the whole network can be monitored. The measuring host and the measuring probe become one node of the measuring network, and one host can check the data of all network nodes; wireless automatic networking among systems is realized, and the monitoring range of radiation can be enlarged; the mode can quickly form a test network and is applied to occasions where probes are not fixed and are not suitable for wiring.
In addition, the probe can independently complete measurement, calculation and data transmission, adopts a universal data bus interface, can be separated from the host computer to work as an independent unit, can be conveniently applied to a scout car or other platforms, reduces repeated development work of the probe, an amplifying circuit and the like, improves the working efficiency and saves the production cost.
Preferably, the host control module comprises a storage circuit, a clock circuit, a key circuit, an MCU and a peripheral circuit.
Preferably, the display alarm setting module comprises a display unit, an alarm circuit and a setting circuit.
Preferably, the detector control unit comprises a CME-M5 series processor, a signal acquisition circuit, a signal amplification circuit and a signal discrimination circuit; the CME-M5 series of processors have rich resources, the operating frequency is more than 72Mhz, the 16-bit counter and the 12-bit AD converter CAN meet the processing requirement of signals, the UART and the CAN controller which are arranged on the chip CAN meet the bus communication requirement of CAN and RS485, and in addition, the series of microprocessors have wide application, lower price and convenient upgrading and maintenance. The model selection can be selected according to the habit of a designer and the actual requirement.
Preferably, the measurement result processing module comprises a change circuit, a calculation circuit, a noise elimination circuit and a shaping circuit.
Preferably, the detector is an ionization chamber detector and/or a scintillation detector consisting of a scintillator (NaI) + photomultiplier tube + high sensitivity GM tube;
currently, gas detectors, semiconductor detectors and scintillator detectors are commonly used as nuclear radiation detectors.
a) A gas detector: the ionization chamber, the proportional counter tube and the Geiger-Muller (GM) counter tube take gas as a detection medium and are collectively called gas detectors.
b) A semiconductor detector: common detectors include gold silicon surface barrier detectors, ge (li) and si (li) detectors, high purity germanium detectors, and the like, and have the advantages of high energy resolution, wide linear range, and the like.
c) A scintillator detector: when radiation is incident on the scintillation crystal, molecules or atoms in the scintillator are excited and then fluoresce when de-excited, and the light pulses are directed to the photocathode of the photomultiplier tube where they are converted into photoelectrons, commonly referred to as nai (ti) scintillators.
In general, a nuclear radiation detector can be regarded as a current signal source, i (t), and the time characteristics of such a current source can be directly utilized when time measurement is performed due to the requirement of maintaining time information. In the case of energy spectrum analysis, the detector is required to output either a charge or voltage signal because the quantity proportional to the energy is the charge collected by the detector or the voltage integrated by the charge on the capacitor. The performance indexes of the nuclear radiation detector such as resolution, stability and linear response are comprehensively considered along with the requirements of a post-stage amplifying circuit.
The nuclear radiation detector of the surveying instrument selects the following two schemes.
1. A high-pressure ionization chamber.
2. Scintillator (NaI) + high sensitivity GM tubes.
And (3) scheme comparison:
the ionization chamber detector has high measurement precision, strong environmental adaptability, good stability, but slow response speed and higher requirement on a subsequent electronic amplification circuit.
The scintillator (NaI) + photomultiplier tube + high sensitivity GM tube, because the detection range of the scintillator is small, one high sensitivity GM tube is added to increase the measurement range of the probe. The scheme has the advantages of high response speed of a low end, no high ionization chamber requirement on a subsequent circuit and great influence of temperature on the scintillator.
Because the two detector schemes are the design schemes of the mainstream patrol instrument, the two detector schemes can be selected to be carried out simultaneously so as to enhance the technical accumulation in the aspect of detector application, and different detector probes are matched according to different application occasions later.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the detector has the advantages of multiple types of measured rays, high precision, convenient carrying and good reliability, has the functions of single-machine/networking patrol detection and point-line patrol detection/surface patrol detection, is particularly suitable for completing tasks such as radioactive source searching, nuclear terrorism/emergency rescue handling of nuclear accidents, large-area venue radiation monitoring and the like, can be widely applied to radiation field investigation of nuclear facilities, nuclear technology application units, scientific research institutions, chemical defense units and environmental protection supervision and management departments, and can be widely applied to occasions such as radioactive material detection and environmental monitoring of customs, airports, stations, environmental protection, hospitals, mines and the like, and has wide market application prospect. The defect of the large-area radiation inspection field is effectively overcome, and the device has higher cost performance compared with the similar devices in the current market. The device is beneficial to nuclear emergency treatment and improvement of monitoring capability, expands the application range of the equipment, can promote the improvement of the application technical level of novel nuclear detectors such as ionization chambers, scintillators and the like, and has great social and economic benefits.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a novel portable nuclear radiation survey meter provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a host according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a probe according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals: 1. a host control module; 2. a display alarm setting module; 3. a host power module; 4. a host power supply module; 5. a detector; 6. a high voltage circuit; 7. a probe communication module; 8. a measurement result processing module; 9. a detector control unit; 10. a detector power module; 11. a storage circuit; 12. a clock circuit; 13. a key circuit; 14. MCU and peripheral circuit; 81. a change circuit; 82. a computing circuit; 83. a noise cancellation circuit; 84. a shaping circuit; 91. a CME-M5 processor; 92. a signal acquisition circuit; 93. a signal amplification circuit; 94 signal discrimination circuits.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, a novel portable nuclear radiation surveying instrument comprises a portable host and a plurality of probes,
the host comprises a host control module 1, a display alarm setting module 2, a host communication module 3 and a host power supply module 4, wherein the host power supply module 4 is connected with the display alarm setting module 2 and the host control module 1, and the host control module 1 is connected with the host communication module 3; the host control module 1 comprises a storage circuit 11, a clock circuit 12, a key circuit 13, an MCU and a peripheral circuit 14; the display alarm setting module 2 comprises a display unit 21, an alarm circuit 22 and a setting circuit 23;
the probe comprises a detector 5, a high-voltage circuit 6, a detector control unit 9, a probe communication module 7, a measurement result processing module 8 and a detector power supply module 10, wherein the power supply module is connected with the detector 5, the detector control unit 9 and the measurement result processing module 8, the probe communication module 10 is connected with the detector control unit 9, and the detector 5, the measurement result processing module 8 and the detector control unit 9 are connected; the detector control unit 9 comprises a CME-M5 processor 91, a signal acquisition circuit 92, a signal amplification circuit 93 and a signal discrimination circuit 94; the measurement result processing module comprises a change circuit 81, a calculation circuit 82, a noise elimination circuit 83 and a shaping circuit 84;
the host communication module and the probe communication module realize signal transmission through a CAN/RS485 bus or a communication ZigBee module of the Internet of things.
In the present embodiment, the detector is preferably a scintillation detector consisting of a scintillator (NaI) + photomultiplier tube + high sensitivity GM tube.
On the premise of ensuring the sensitivity, accuracy and usability of the detector, the detector is miniaturized as much as possible, and the probe and a host circuit are reasonably designed. In the detector part, a detector for manufacturing a scintillator, a photomultiplier and a high-sensitivity GM tube is designed, so that good sensitivity and response speed are ensured, and a wider measurement range is ensured. Meanwhile, the probe is additionally provided with an independent power supply and a wireless transmission module, measurement, calculation and data transmission can be independently completed, and under the condition that the power supply power allows, a single host can work with a plurality of probes to form a small wired/wireless monitoring network.
A novel 'scintillator + GM tube' composite probe is designed, so that the selection of a domestic portable nuclear radiation monitoring instrument with wide range and fast response can be enriched to a great extent. Meanwhile, a single machine/networking (wired/wireless) monitoring mode of the instrument is innovated, and the shortage of large-area radiation inspection instruments can be filled.
Main performance function index
1. Technical index of probe
(1) The measurement types are as follows: beta, gamma, X-rays;
(2) γ measurement range:
dose rate: 0.1 mu Gy/h-10 cGy/h;
accumulating the dosage; 0-10 Gy;
(3) and (3) measuring precision: 15% or less;
(4) energy response: 40 Kev-3. OOMev;
(5) response time: less than or equal to 3S;
2. system function index
(1) Displaying digital, analog curve and peak value;
(2) full-range automatic switching:
(3) the wired communication distance is more than 1 km;
(4) wireless automatic networking and Beidou remote data transmission;
(5) setting an alarm threshold;
(6) audible and visual alarm is carried out;
(7) beidou positioning;
(8) storing and checking historical data;
(9) alternating current and direct current.
(10) Managing a power supply;
(11) duration: >100 hours;
(12) working temperature: -20 ℃ to +50 ℃;
(13) working humidity: o% RH-95% RH (23 ℃);
it should be noted that in other embodiments, the detector may also be an ionization chamber detector.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a novel portable nuclear radiation patrols and surveys appearance, includes portable host computer and a plurality of probe, its characterized in that:
the host comprises a host control module, a display alarm setting module, a host communication module and a host power module, wherein the host power module is connected with the display alarm setting module and the host control module, and the host control module is connected with the host communication module;
the probe comprises a detector, an amplifying circuit, a high-voltage circuit, a detector control unit, a probe communication module, a measurement result processing module and a detector power supply module, wherein the power supply module is connected with the detector, the detector control unit and the measurement result processing module;
the host communication module is connected with the probe communication module.
2. The novel portable nuclear radiation patrol instrument as claimed in claim 1, wherein the host communication module and the probe communication module realize signal transmission through CAN or RS485 bus.
3. The novel portable nuclear radiation patrol instrument as claimed in claim 1, wherein the host communication module and the probe communication module realize wireless signal transmission through an internet of things communication ZigBee module.
4. The portable nuclear radiation surveying instrument of claim 1 wherein the host control module includes a memory circuit, a clock circuit, a key circuit, an MCU and peripheral circuits.
5. The novel portable nuclear radiation patrol instrument as recited in claim 1, wherein said display alarm setting module comprises a display unit, an alarm circuit and a setting circuit.
6. The novel portable nuclear radiation patrol instrument as recited in claim 1, wherein said detector control unit comprises a CME-M5 processor, a signal acquisition circuit, a signal amplification circuit and a signal discrimination circuit.
7. The novel portable nuclear radiation patrol instrument as claimed in claim 1, wherein said measurement processing module comprises a change circuit, a calculation circuit, a noise elimination circuit, and a shaping circuit.
8. The novel portable nuclear radiation patrol instrument of claim 1, wherein the detector is an ionization chamber detector and/or a scintillation detector consisting of a scintillator NaI + photomultiplier + high sensitivity GM tube.
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Citations (6)
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JP2013044648A (en) * | 2011-08-24 | 2013-03-04 | Toshiba Corp | Portable communication terminal device with dosimeter and environmental radiation monitoring system |
CN105807308A (en) * | 2016-06-03 | 2016-07-27 | 中国人民解放军南京军区福州总医院 | Nuclear radiation electronic individual dosimeter system based on ZigBee wireless network |
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CN110703294A (en) * | 2019-11-21 | 2020-01-17 | 黑龙江省科学院技术物理研究所 | Portable nuclear radioactive substance detection system and detection method |
CN112415563A (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2021-02-26 | 重庆建安仪器有限责任公司 | Source chamber radiation monitoring system |
CN112907914A (en) * | 2021-02-09 | 2021-06-04 | 陕西卫峰核电子有限公司 | Nuclear criticality alarm system and alarm method thereof |
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- 2022-04-11 CN CN202210375738.0A patent/CN114660647A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2013044648A (en) * | 2011-08-24 | 2013-03-04 | Toshiba Corp | Portable communication terminal device with dosimeter and environmental radiation monitoring system |
CN105807308A (en) * | 2016-06-03 | 2016-07-27 | 中国人民解放军南京军区福州总医院 | Nuclear radiation electronic individual dosimeter system based on ZigBee wireless network |
CN106371128A (en) * | 2016-09-29 | 2017-02-01 | 绵阳市维博电子有限责任公司 | Multi-functional portable surface and underwater radiation pollution detector |
CN110703294A (en) * | 2019-11-21 | 2020-01-17 | 黑龙江省科学院技术物理研究所 | Portable nuclear radioactive substance detection system and detection method |
CN112415563A (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2021-02-26 | 重庆建安仪器有限责任公司 | Source chamber radiation monitoring system |
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