CN114659595B - Water meter durability intelligent test device and method based on Internet of things - Google Patents
Water meter durability intelligent test device and method based on Internet of things Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an intelligent water meter durability test device and method based on the Internet of things, and relates to the field of flow metering verification. The device improves the space utilization rate through a three-dimensional structural design; secondly, based on the machine vision function of the image recognition technology, a CCD camera is adopted to realize the automatic acquisition of the data of the water meter to be detected; meanwhile, wireless transmission of standard flow signals is realized by using a wireless intelligent water meter; and finally, remote monitoring of the test process is realized by using a mobile terminal control program. Thereby realize the promotion of water gauge durability device in the aspect of integrating, automation, intellectuality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of flow metering verification, and particularly relates to an intelligent water meter durability test device and method based on the Internet of things.
Background
Whether the metering of the civil drinking water cold water meter is accurate or not is directly related to the benefit of residents, and the national metering and verification regulations only carry out first forced verification, limited-term use and expiration rotation on the management requirements of the water meter, so that the water meter can keep the metering performance after being used for a period of time. The durability test device for the water meter tests the durability of the water meter under the periodic flow condition and the durability of the water meter under the continuous and overload flow conditions by simulating the actual use condition and carrying out the intermittent flow life test and the continuous flow life test on the water meter.
In more than ten years, along with the continuous development of hardware and software technology, the durability device of the water meter is upgraded from the first generation to the second generation, the core technology is that an intermittent flow control valve is controlled based on a stepping motor, and the switching speed of the valve can be controlled at 0.15Q through the control of the stepping motor 3 Is precisely controllable. Compared with the durability test device of the first generation water meter, the durability test device of the second generation water meter has the following improvements: (1) the working platform is lengthened and widened to realize 12 water meters4 batches can be tested simultaneously, while the first generation of devices can only perform 3 tests of 1 batch; (2) the digital transmission of monitoring data is realized, a float flowmeter, a pressure gauge and an insertion mercury thermometer for monitoring flow, pressure and temperature in a first generation device are respectively upgraded into an electromagnetic flowmeter, a temperature sensor and a pressure transmitter, and the signal transmission strength and accuracy are improved. (3) And the control system is optimized, and automatic reading, recording and printing of partial data in the test process are realized.
Nevertheless, the existing second generation devices still have the following drawbacks:
1. the integration degree of the device is low. The length and width of the workbench are lengthened for increasing the number of test prototypes, so that the occupied area of the device is increased, and the operation convenience is reduced.
2. The automation level of the device is low. The flow data of the test water meter still adopts the mode of manual reading, the working efficiency is low, and the data accuracy is easily influenced by human factors.
3. The intelligentization capability of the device is weak. According to GB/T778-. The device has no monitoring function and remote control function, so that the device needs to be checked by testers at regular time, and certain potential safety hazards exist.
Therefore, the integration, automation and intellectualization of the lifting device are inevitable trends of the research and development of the third-generation water meter durability device.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical defects, the invention provides an intelligent test device and method for durability of a water meter based on the Internet of things, so as to improve the integration, automation and intelligent degree of the existing durability device of the water meter.
The invention firstly improves the space utilization rate through the three-dimensional structural design; secondly, based on the machine vision function of the image recognition technology, the automatic acquisition of the data of the measured water meter is realized; meanwhile, wireless transmission of standard flow signals is realized by using the wireless intelligent water meter; and finally, remote monitoring of the test process is realized by using a mobile terminal control program.
In order to realize the purpose of the invention, the following scheme is specifically adopted:
the intelligent test device for the durability of the water meter based on the Internet of things comprises a control system, a water supply system and a pipeline system.
The water supply system comprises a water tank, a first automatic ball valve, a vertical water pump, a water inlet valve and a water discharge valve.
The pipeline system comprises a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, a second automatic ball valve, a meter clamping device, a third automatic ball valve, a wireless flowmeter and a flow regulating valve.
The control system comprises a PLC controller, an upper computer, a repeater and a CCD camera.
The water tank is connected with a water inlet of the vertical water pump through a first automatic ball valve; the water outlet of each vertical water pump is connected with one second automatic ball valve, and a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor are arranged on a pipeline close to each second automatic ball valve; the water outlet at the other end of each second automatic ball valve is connected with the water inlet of the meter clamping device; the water meters to be measured are placed in series, and the two outermost ends are clamped by the meter clamping devices; the water outlet of the meter clamping device is connected with the water inlet of a third automatic ball valve; each water outlet of the third automatic ball valve is connected with a wireless flowmeter; the water outlet of each wireless flowmeter is connected with the water tank through a flow regulating valve; the water tank is provided with a water inlet valve and a water discharge valve for water inlet and water discharge.
The PLC controller is connected with a first automatic ball valve, a vertical water pump, a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, a second automatic ball valve, a third automatic ball valve, a flow regulating valve and an upper computer.
And the signal of the wireless flowmeter is transmitted to the repeater, and the signal of the repeater is uploaded to the upper computer.
The CCD camera is arranged above the dial plate of the water meter to be measured, and is used for digitally reading the dial plate and is connected with an upper computer;
the upper computer executes image processing software to identify the indicated volume quantity displayed by the water meter to be detected and stores the volume quantity as data; the image processing software comprises an automatic positioning unit and an automatic identification unit.
The automatic positioning unit comprises an edge detection unit, an angle detection unit and a character segmentation unit, wherein the edge detection unit is used for highlighting a character wheel frame of the dial plate so as to facilitate the detection of the upper boundary and the lower boundary; the angle detection unit is used for detecting the character wheel frame from the edge image; the character segmentation unit is used for recording the number of pixels corresponding to each row or each column in the character wheel frame and judging the boundary according to the number.
The automatic identification unit comprises a character extraction unit and a character identification unit, wherein the character extraction unit is used for carrying out threshold operation on the gray level image to obtain a binary image and carrying out outermost layer contour detection; traversing all the detected outlines to obtain a circumscribed rectangle of each outline; the character recognition unit recognizes characters by using a template matching method.
Furthermore, the CCD camera is fixedly arranged at the position of each water surface meter to be detected.
Furthermore, a CCD camera is arranged on a single pipeline system, and the CCD camera is controlled to advance along the pipeline by adopting a stepping motor, so that dial plate shooting is realized.
Further, 1-3 pipeline systems are arranged according to needs and are used for carrying out durability tests.
Furthermore, the wireless flowmeter adopts a LoRa wireless ultrasonic intelligent water meter.
Furthermore, a plurality of LoRa wireless ultrasonic intelligent water meters use a GSM network to upload data to the repeater by matching with a GSM wireless data collector, so as to form a wireless monitoring system.
The intelligent test method for the durability of the water meter based on the Internet of things comprises the following steps:
step 1: according to the test requirements, the installation of the water meters to be tested in multiple batches on the intelligent water meter durability test device is completed;
step 2: setting relevant parameters on an upper computer according to the water meter durability test requirement; setting a reading value of the water meter to be measured, which is shot every 24 hours;
step 3: the upper computer controls the vertical water pump to start and supply water;
step 4: the upper computer reads the upstream water pressure of the measured water meter, the upstream water temperature of the measured water meter, the flow passing through the measured water meter, the duration time of each cycle of four stages in the interrupted flow test, the cycle times and the indicated volume of the measured water meter; if the interruption is once, the data needs to be read again and written into the database;
step 5: storing and sending the acquired data or abnormal alarm information to a user mobile phone end;
step 6: and stopping the test after all test requirements are completed.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the spatial structure design improves the utilization rate of the laboratory space;
(2) reading a standard flow signal through wireless data transmission;
(3) the image recognition technology shoots, recognizes and reads the reading of the tested water meter at regular time, and artificial intelligence is realized;
(4) the mobile terminal control program realizes platform remote monitoring, data reading and viewing, abnormal data differential display and modification, key test state short message reminding and unmanned operation in the test process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an intelligent durability test device for a water meter based on the Internet of things, provided by the invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method for identifying a pen according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a water tank; 2. a first automatic ball valve; 3. a vertical water pump; 4. a pressure sensor; 5. a temperature sensor; 6. a second automatic ball valve; 7. a measured water meter; 8. a CCD camera; 9. a meter clamping device; 10. a third automatic ball valve; 11. a wireless flow meter; 12. a flow regulating valve; 13. a water inlet valve; 14. and (4) draining the water valve.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided with reference to the accompanying drawings, and the described embodiments of the present invention are a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments of the present invention.
The three-dimensional structural design is a necessary trend of modern equipment development, has the advantages of small floor area, high space utilization rate and the like, and can effectively relieve the current situation of laboratory resource shortage. Considering the convenience of assembling and disassembling the tested sample and the moving track layout of the industrial camera for the automatic reading of the tested water meter, the three-dimensional space layout is combined with a proper gradient.
As shown in fig. 1, the intelligent durability test device for the water meter based on the internet of things in the embodiment adopts a mode that a plurality of water meter lines are connected in parallel, and comprises a control system, a water supply system and a pipeline system. The water supply system comprises a water tank 1, a first automatic ball valve 2, a vertical water pump 3, a water inlet valve 13 and a water discharge valve 14.
In this embodiment, the pipeline system includes a pressure sensor 4, a temperature sensor 5, a second automatic ball valve 6, a meter clamping device 9, a third automatic ball valve 10, a wireless flow meter 11, and a flow regulating valve 12.
In this embodiment, the control system includes a PLC controller, an upper computer, a relay, and a CCD camera 8. The PLC is connected with a first automatic ball valve 2, a vertical water pump 3, a pressure sensor 4, a temperature sensor 5, a second automatic ball valve 6, a third automatic ball valve 10, a flow regulating valve 12 and an upper computer, and the CCD camera is connected with the upper computer.
In the embodiment, the water tank 1 is connected with a water inlet of a vertical water pump 3 through a first automatic ball valve 2; the water outlet of the vertical water pump 3 is connected with a second automatic ball valve 6, and a pressure sensor 4 and a temperature sensor 5 are arranged on a pipeline close to the second automatic ball valve 6; the water outlet at the other end of the second automatic ball valve 6 is connected with the water inlet of a meter clamping device 9; three measured water meters 7 of each batch are placed in series, and the two outermost ends are clamped by meter clamping devices 9; the water outlet of the meter clamping device 9 is connected with the water inlet of a third automatic ball valve 10; the water outlet of the third automatic ball valve 10 is connected with a wireless flowmeter 11; the water outlet of the wireless flowmeter 11 is connected with the water tank 1 through a flow regulating valve 12. The water tank is provided with a water inlet valve 13 and a water outlet valve 14 for water inlet and water outlet.
In this embodiment, the CCD camera 8 is disposed above the dial plate of the water meter 7 to be measured, and reads the dial plate digitally. The CCD camera 8 uploads the read numerical value to an upper computer through wireless transmission, and a measuring system in the upper computer adopts image processing software to identify the indicated volume quantity displayed by the measured water meter 7 and stores the volume quantity as data, as shown in figure 2.
The image processing software in the embodiment comprises an automatic positioning unit, an automatic identification unit and a word stock unit; general concept of software design: the system firstly carries out preprocessing operation on the pictures according to the input pictures and screens out abnormal pictures. And then, automatically positioning the character position in the picture, segmenting according to the positioning parameters to obtain a single character, and finally identifying the character. The character to be recognized has a standard template and is stored in the word stock unit, and matching can be carried out according to the standard template in the character recognition process.
Before image processing, image preprocessing is generally required, which comprises respectively judging the width, height and quality of an image, and screening abnormal conditions of too small width, too small height and no dial in monochrome. In the initialization of the positioning parameters, the offset angle is set to zero, and the upper and lower boundaries and the left and right boundaries are set to default values.
The automatic positioning unit comprises an edge detection unit, an angle detection unit and a character segmentation unit, wherein the edge detection unit is used for highlighting a character wheel frame of the dial plate so as to facilitate the detection of the upper boundary and the lower boundary; in this embodiment, noise is first removed by using a Canny edge detection operator. Typically, a gaussian smoothing filter is used to convolve the noise reduction. The gradient magnitude and direction are then calculated. Non-maxima suppression is then performed. This step excludes non-edge pixels, leaving only a few thin lines (candidate edges). In the last step, Canny uses a hysteresis threshold, which requires two thresholds (a high threshold and a low threshold). If the magnitude of a pixel location exceeds a high threshold, the pixel is retained as an edge pixel. If the magnitude of a pixel location is less than the threshold, the pixel is excluded. If the magnitude of a pixel location is between two thresholds, the pixel is only retained when connected to a pixel above the high threshold.
The angle detection unit is used for detecting the character wheel frame from the edge image; for the instrument, the upper and lower boundaries of the character wheel frame are the longest two straight lines in the edge map, and the character wheel frame detection is realized based on Hough transformation in the embodiment. The Hough transform is a method of recognizing geometric shapes from images. The method changes a given straight line in an original image space into a point in a Hough parameter space by utilizing the duality of the point and the line. Therefore, the detection problem of a given straight line of the original image is converted into a peak value problem in a Hough parameter space, namely the detection of the overall characteristic is converted into the detection of the local characteristic. In the embodiment, default positions and heights of upper and lower boundaries of a character wheel are used as initial values, a pair of peak points are searched in a Hough parameter space, a retrieval range is continuously narrowed through an iterative optimization strategy, interference such as nameplates, water ripples and strong light is shielded, and then the optimal candidate items of upper and lower edge lines of a character wheel frame are determined. After the upper and lower edge lines are determined, the offset angle and the upper and lower boundaries can be further calculated.
The character segmentation unit is used for recording the number of pixels corresponding to each row or each column in the character wheel frame and judging a boundary according to the number; specifically, the projection method can be used, and the main idea of the projection method is to record the number of pixels corresponding to each row or each column, and then judge whether the pixel is a boundary or a desired object according to the number. The number of the pixels is just like a threshold value, and finally the number of each row of points can be drawn to facilitate visual observation.
The automatic identification unit comprises a character extraction unit and a character identification unit, and is mainly used for automatically identifying the character wheel reading according to the input instrument image and the set positioning parameters. The automatic identification function is closely related to the phenotype structure parameter, the positioning parameter and the word stock, and requires that the position of the word wheel region in the image is kept unchanged without limiting the illumination condition.
The unit also needs to preprocess the image before executing, specifically: and respectively judging the width, the height, the word stock, the character height, the character width, the character interval, the positioning parameter boundary and the like of the picture. And screening abnormal conditions such as too small picture width, too small picture height, wrong word library file, character height and width overrun, uneven character spacing, out-of-range positioning parameters and the like.
The character extraction unit is used for carrying out threshold operation on the gray level image to obtain a binary image and carrying out outermost layer contour detection; and traversing all the detected outlines to obtain a circumscribed rectangle of each outline.
The character recognition unit recognizes characters by using a template matching method. The main idea is to use template matching for identification. Template matching is the most basic pattern recognition method used to find images matching the template image. The template matching method used in water meter character recognition generally needs to classify water meter character pictures, namely, a digital model of 0 to 9 is obtained by manufacturing word banks corresponding to different water meter pictures, and then the similarity between each template character and the character to be matched is calculated. The one with the highest similarity will be considered as the recognition result.
The word stock unit is applied to character recognition and is a standard character template in the template matching process. The word stock file is marked in ". dat" format. The character library file stores character wheel integral structure characteristic parameters and characteristic parameters of each character bit. Each character wheel type corresponds to a character library. If the character wheels of the two types of tables are the same, the same character library can be shared for image recognition. The automatic positioning and automatic identification algorithms need to be based on parameter information in the word stock file. The word stock file parameters related to automatic positioning comprise the ratio of the width of a single character to the space between the characters, the number of pixel points corresponding to normal characters, and the default vertical coordinates of the upper and lower boundaries of a normal character wheel frame.
In this embodiment, the CCD camera 8 is fixedly arranged for each water meter to be measured, or a single pipeline system is used to arrange one CCD camera 8, and a stepping motor is used to control the CCD camera 8 to advance along the pipeline and realize data shooting.
In the invention, three identical pipeline systems are arranged in parallel in height. According to the requirement, the requirement that 1-3 pipelines are tested simultaneously can be met, and when each pipeline system works, the CCD camera 8 is started to work in a matched mode.
In this embodiment, wireless flowmeter 11 adopts the wireless ultrasonic wave intelligence cold water gauge of loRa to replace current electromagnetic flowmeter as the control of experimental standard flow to can realize the wireless transmission of data. The wireless ultrasonic intelligent water meter of loRa collects and measures, integrates to calculate, shows, loRa wireless communication in an organic whole, adopts little consumption technique, and the instrument has characteristics such as small, stability is good, the interference killing feature is strong simultaneously. By adopting the ultrasonic flow measurement technology, multi-angle installation can be realized, the measurement of the instrument is not influenced, and the pressure loss of the pipeline is reduced to the minimum. A plurality of wireless ultrasonic wave intelligence water gauge of loRa utilize the GSM network to carry out data upload to wireless loRa repeater through connecing the wireless data collection station of GSM, constitute wireless monitoring system. Set up ultrasonic wave intelligence water gauge wireless communication module in the host computer, the data that line LoRa repeater was uploaded are gathered.
And carrying out durability test on the tested water meter, wherein the test requires that the reading of the tested water meter is read at least once every 24 hours, the test period of continuous durability requires 4-5 days, the test period of intermittent durability requires 38-40 days, and the whole test period is 43-45 days.
The method for testing the durability of the water meter to be tested by adopting the intelligent test device for the durability of the water meter based on the Internet of things comprises the following steps:
step 1: according to the test requirements, the installation of the water meters to be tested in multiple batches on the intelligent water meter durability test device is completed;
step 2: setting relevant parameters on an upper computer according to the water meter durability test requirement; setting a reading value of the water meter to be measured, which is shot every 24 hours;
step 3: the upper computer controls the vertical water pump to start and supply water;
step 4: the upper computer reads the upstream water pressure of the measured water meter, the upstream water temperature of the measured water meter, the flow passing through the measured water meter, the duration time of each cycle of four stages in the interrupted flow test, the cycle times and the indicated volume of the measured water meter; such as interrupts
Reading once again and writing into the database;
step 5: storing and sending the acquired data or abnormal alarm information to a user mobile phone end;
step 6: and stopping the test after all test requirements are completed.
The invention applies the machine vision technology of the picture recognition character wheel, can effectively liberate simple manual work of testers, and improves the automation degree of equipment. And the mobile terminal data check confirmation is combined in the background, and if the identification data are found to be abnormal, the image can be directly called out at the mobile terminal for manual secondary determination. Through the three-dimensional structural design, the durability test of 36 and 12 batches of cold water meters DN 15-DN 25 can be simultaneously met.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of this invention and is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the claims below.
Claims (7)
1. The water meter durability intelligent test device based on the Internet of things is characterized by comprising a control system, a water supply system and a pipeline system;
the water supply system comprises a water tank, a first automatic ball valve, a vertical water pump, a water inlet valve and a water discharge valve;
the pipeline system comprises a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, a second automatic ball valve, a meter clamping device, a third automatic ball valve, a wireless flowmeter and a flow regulating valve;
the control system comprises a PLC (programmable logic controller), an upper computer, a repeater and a CCD (charge coupled device) camera;
the water tank is connected with a water inlet of the vertical water pump through a first automatic ball valve; the water outlet of each vertical water pump is connected with one second automatic ball valve, and a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor are arranged on a pipeline close to each second automatic ball valve; the water outlet at the other end of each second automatic ball valve is connected with the water inlet of the meter clamping device; the water meters to be measured are placed in series, and the two outermost ends are clamped by the meter clamping devices; the water outlet of the meter clamping device is connected with the water inlet of a third automatic ball valve; the water outlet of each third automatic ball valve is connected with a wireless flowmeter; the water outlet of each wireless flowmeter is connected with the water tank through a flow regulating valve; the water tank is provided with a water inlet valve and a water discharge valve for water inlet and water discharge;
the PLC is connected with a first automatic ball valve, a vertical water pump, a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, a second automatic ball valve, a third automatic ball valve, a flow regulating valve and an upper computer;
the signal of the wireless flowmeter is transmitted to a repeater, and the signal of the repeater is uploaded to an upper computer;
the CCD camera is arranged above the dial plate of the water meter to be measured, and is used for digitally reading the dial plate and is connected with an upper computer;
the upper computer executes image processing software to identify the indicated volume quantity displayed by the water meter to be detected and stores the volume quantity as data; the image processing software comprises an automatic positioning unit and an automatic identification unit;
the automatic positioning unit comprises an edge detection unit, an angle detection unit and a character segmentation unit, wherein the edge detection unit is used for highlighting a character wheel frame of the dial plate so as to facilitate the detection of the upper boundary and the lower boundary; the angle detection unit is used for detecting the character wheel frame from the edge image; the character segmentation unit is used for recording the number of pixels corresponding to each row or each column in the character wheel frame and judging a boundary according to the number;
the automatic identification unit comprises a character extraction unit and a character identification unit, wherein the character extraction unit is used for carrying out threshold operation on the gray level image to obtain a binary image and carrying out outermost layer contour detection; traversing all the detected outlines to obtain a circumscribed rectangle of each outline; the character recognition unit recognizes characters by using a template matching method.
2. The Internet of things-based intelligent water meter durability test device according to claim 1, wherein the CCD camera is fixedly arranged at each measured water meter position.
3. The intelligent durability test device for the water meter based on the internet of things as claimed in claim 1, wherein a single pipeline system is provided with a CCD camera, and a stepping motor is adopted to control the CCD camera to advance along the pipeline, so as to realize dial shooting.
4. The Internet of things-based intelligent durability test device for the water meters as claimed in claim 1, wherein 1-3 pipeline systems are arranged as required to perform durability tests simultaneously.
5. The Internet of things-based intelligent water meter durability test device according to claim 1, wherein the wireless flow meter is a LoRa wireless ultrasonic intelligent water meter.
6. The Internet of things-based intelligent water meter durability test device according to claim 5, wherein a plurality of LoRa wireless ultrasonic intelligent water meters are connected with a GSM wireless data acquisition unit in a matching mode, and data are uploaded to a repeater through a GSM network to form a wireless monitoring system.
7. The intelligent durability test method for the water meter based on the Internet of things is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1: according to the test requirements, the installation of the water meters to be tested in multiple batches on the intelligent water meter durability test device is completed;
step 2: setting relevant parameters on an upper computer according to the water meter durability test requirement; setting a reading value of the water meter to be measured, which is shot every 24 hours;
step 3: the upper computer controls the vertical water pump to start and supply water;
step 4: the upper computer reads the upstream water pressure of the measured water meter, the upstream water temperature of the measured water meter, the flow passing through the measured water meter, the duration time of each cycle of four stages in the interrupted flow test, the cycle times and the indicated volume of the measured water meter; if the interruption is once, the data needs to be read again and written into the database;
step 5: storing and sending the acquired data or abnormal alarm information to a user mobile phone end;
step 6: and stopping the test after all test requirements are completed.
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