CN114657764A - Aramid fiber treatment method - Google Patents

Aramid fiber treatment method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114657764A
CN114657764A CN202210254067.2A CN202210254067A CN114657764A CN 114657764 A CN114657764 A CN 114657764A CN 202210254067 A CN202210254067 A CN 202210254067A CN 114657764 A CN114657764 A CN 114657764A
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ethanol solution
placing
modification
beaker
aramid fiber
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林广义
李巧
张�林
王海桐
梁振宁
刘扶民
陈海明
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Qingdao University of Science and Technology
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/07—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with halogens; with halogen acids or salts thereof; with oxides or oxyacids of halogens or salts thereof
    • D06M11/11—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with halogens; with halogen acids or salts thereof; with oxides or oxyacids of halogens or salts thereof with halogen acids or salts thereof
    • D06M11/155—Halides of elements of Groups 2 or 12 of the Periodic Table
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L7/00—Compositions of natural rubber
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L77/00—Compositions of polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L77/10—Polyamides derived from aromatically bound amino and carboxyl groups of amino-carboxylic acids or of polyamines and polycarboxylic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L9/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of conjugated diene hydrocarbons
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/32—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
    • D06M11/36—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with oxides, hydroxides or mixed oxides; with salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
    • D06M11/38—Oxides or hydroxides of elements of Groups 1 or 11 of the Periodic Table
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/77—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with silicon or compounds thereof
    • D06M11/79—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with silicon or compounds thereof with silicon dioxide, silicic acids or their salts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/14—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing polymeric additives characterised by shape
    • C08L2205/16—Fibres; Fibrils
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
    • D06M2101/16—Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
    • D06M2101/30—Synthetic polymers consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M2101/34—Polyamides
    • D06M2101/36—Aromatic polyamides

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of rubber composite material preparation, and particularly relates to an aramid fiber treatment method2Modifying aramid fiber by the cooperation of ethanol and NaOH ethanol solution, increasing the surface roughness and contact area of AF, then grafting a silane coupling agent KH570 on the surface of the AF subjected to secondary modification to improve the interface interaction, and finally grafting the silane coupling agent KH570 on the surface of the AF subjected to secondary modificationIn-situ generation of SiO on AF surface by sol-gel method2The NR/BR/AF composite material with high tensile strength and good wear resistance can be prepared by a mechanical mixing method based on aramid fibers obtained by a series of operation treatments so as to improve the interface performance of AF and a rubber matrix; the principle is scientific and reliable, the surface roughness of the AF obtained by treatment is larger, the activity is higher, the AF is beneficial to the crosslinking with a rubber molecular chain, the tensile strength and the wear resistance of the prepared rubber composite material are improved, and the AF has wide application prospect in the aspect of developing high-performance fiber composite materials.

Description

Aramid fiber treatment method
The technical field is as follows:
the invention belongs to the technical field of rubber composite material preparation, and relates to an aramid fiber treatment method.
Background art:
in recent years, a super fiber-reinforced composite material has been increasingly used because of its excellent performance, and a high-strength fiber-reinforced composite material such as a Glass Fiber (GF), a Carbon Fiber (CF), an Aramid Fiber (AF), and the like has been widely studied as a representative. Among them, AF is widely used in the fields of research and development of weapons, aerospace, construction, automobiles, sporting goods, and the like because of its excellent impact resistance with high strength and high modulus.
AF is composed of rigid molecular chains with high crystallinity and high orientation degree, and due to the high crystallinity, smooth surface and few active groups, the bonding property of AF and a rubber matrix is poor, and the interface between fibers and the matrix is weak, so that the application of AF reinforced polymer composite materials is limited. Therefore, when AF is used for preparing a composite material, surface treatment is generally performed, and methods for modifying AF are many, including Lewis acid modification, graft polymerization, plasma treatment, ultrasonic treatment, ultraviolet irradiation, and the like. Wherein Lewis acid reacts with amido bonds on an AF molecular chain to destroy hydrogen bonds among the amido bonds, reduce crystallinity and form on the AF surfaceGrooved to increase surface roughness. Previous studies have shown that CaCl2In formic acid solution, it can form complex with carbonyl on PA6 amido bond, breaking the hydrogen bond between molecular chains, increasing the roughness of surface and improving the tensile strength and modulus. However, the calcium carbonate-formic acid solution only increases the surface roughness of AF, but does not improve its surface activity. In order to further improve the interface bonding of AF and a matrix and improve the surface activity of AF, Chatzi and Monier treat AF with sodium hydroxide (NaOH), and hydrolyze AF by breaking amide bonds on a fiber molecular chain to form a carboxylic acid group and primary amine. The surface activity of the AF treated by NaOH is greatly improved, and surface groups can also react with silane coupling agents and the like. In addition, by introducing inorganic fillers, in which nano SiO is present, into the polymer matrix of the organic coating, composites with excellent properties can be obtained2Widely used due to its excellent properties of high stability and heat resistance, among which, the sol-gel method for preparing nano SiO2Is simple and convenient. KH570 is a commonly used silane coupling agent, one end contains siloxane groups, silanol is formed after hydrolysis, the silanol can react with oxygen-containing groups on the AF surface, and the other end contains double bond groups which participate in the co-vulcanization of the rubber matrix. Therefore, based on the scheme, the aramid fiber treatment method is researched and designed, and a foundation is provided for preparing the composite material which is high in surface activity and roughness and has the interaction between the filler and the rubber matrix interface.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and develops and designs an aramid fiber treatment method to obtain an NR/BR/AF composite material with high tensile strength and good wear resistance, wherein NR is natural rubber, and BR is butadiene rubber.
In order to achieve the purpose, the aramid fiber treatment method provided by the invention comprises the following process steps:
firstly, sequentially adopting CaCl2Modifying AF by using ethanol solution and NaOH ethanol solution to increase the surface roughness and contact area of AF;
then, KH570 is grafted on the modified AF surface through the oxygen-containing group of the AF surface so as to improve the interface adhesion;
and finally, generating white carbon black on the AF surface grafted with KH570 by an in-situ generation method so as to improve the surface reactivity of AF and the rubber matrix and promote the combination of the AF and the rubber matrix.
The obtained aramid fiber and the set raw materials are subjected to banburying, scouring and vulcanizing to obtain the NR/BR/AF composite material.
Compared with the prior art, the invention firstly adopts CaCl2Modifying aramid fiber by the cooperation of ethanol and NaOH ethanol solution, increasing the surface roughness and contact area of AF, then grafting a silane coupling agent KH570 on the surface of the AF subjected to secondary modification to improve the interface interaction, and finally generating SiO in situ on the surface of the AF grafted with the KH570 by a sol-gel method2The NR/BR/AF composite material with high tensile strength and good wear resistance can be prepared by a mechanical mixing method based on aramid fibers obtained by a series of operation treatments so as to improve the interface performance of AF and a rubber matrix; the principle is scientific and reliable, the surface roughness of the AF obtained by treatment is larger, the activity is higher, the AF is beneficial to the crosslinking with a rubber molecular chain, the tensile strength and the wear resistance of the prepared rubber composite material are improved, and the AF has wide application prospect in the aspect of developing high-performance fiber composite materials.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 shows FT-IR spectra of various modified AFs according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a DIN abrasion comparison of NR/BR/AF composites prepared from different modified AF according to the present invention, wherein # 1 is NR/BR/AF composite prepared from unmodified AF, # 2 is NR/BR/AF composite prepared from AF-P, # 3 is NR/BR/AF composite prepared from AF-P-KH570, and # 4 is NR/BR/AF composite prepared from AF modified by sol-gel method.
FIG. 3 is a comparison of tensile strength of NR/BR/AF composites prepared from different modified AFs according to the present invention, wherein # 1 is an NR/BR/AF composite prepared from unmodified AF, # 2 is an NR/BR/AF composite prepared from AF-P, # 3 is an NR/BR/AF composite prepared from AF-P-KH570, and # 4 is an NR/BR/AF composite prepared from AF modified by sol-gel method.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the surface morphology of different modified AF related to the present invention, wherein a is unmodified AF, b is AF-P, c is modified AF by sol-gel method, and d is AF-P-KH 570.
FIG. 5 is a schematic surface morphology of NR/BR/AF composite materials prepared from different modified AFs according to the present invention, wherein a is a NR/BR/AF composite material prepared from unmodified AF, b is a NR/BR/AF composite material prepared from AF-P, c is a NR/BR/AF composite material prepared from AF modified by a sol-gel method, and d is a NR/BR/AF composite material prepared from AF-P-KH 570.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the invention is further illustrated by the following examples in connection with the accompanying drawings.
Example 1:
the specific process of the aramid fiber treatment method related to the embodiment comprises five steps of preparation, first modification, second modification, grafting and white carbon black generation:
(1) preparation work:
placing AF in a beaker filled with acetone, placing the beaker in an ultrasonic cleaner, ultrasonically cleaning for 60min, removing oil stains and impurities on the surface of the AF, and cleaning for 5 times by using deionized water;
preparing CaCl with the mass percentage concentration of 5%2Ethanol solution;
preparing NaOH ethanol solution with the mass percentage concentration of 10%;
(2) first modification:
placing AF in CaCl2Reacting in a beaker of ethanol solution for 5 hours in a magnetic stirrer to complete the first modification;
(3) and (3) second modification:
placing the AF subjected to the first modification in a beaker filled with NaOH ethanol solution, placing the beaker in a constant-temperature water bath box at the temperature of 65 ℃ for reaction for 5 hours, washing the beaker to be neutral by using deionized water, and drying the beaker to finish the second modification, wherein the beaker is marked as AF-P;
(4) grafting:
placing a beaker containing a KH-570 ethanol solution with the mass percentage concentration of 10% in an ultrasonic cleaner for ultrasonic oscillation for 30 min;
winding the AF after the second modification on a rectangular frame made of polytetrafluoroethylene material, placing the AF in KH-570 ethanol solution after ultrasonic oscillation, and reacting for 5 hours at the water bath temperature of 40 ℃;
drying in a drying oven at 100 deg.C for 3h, and grafting KH-570 as AF-P-KH570 onto the second modified AF;
(5) and (3) generating white carbon black:
placing the AF grafted with the KH-570 into 12.5ml of TEOS (tetraethoxysilane) ethanol solution, wherein the volume ratio of TEOS to ethanol is 1/4;
adding 200ml ammonia water to adjust pH value to 8, and performing ultrasonic dispersion for 30 min;
placing the mixture in a constant-temperature water bath box with the temperature of 60 ℃ for reaction for 12 hours;
drying in a drying box at 100 ℃ for 3 h;
white carbon black is generated on the AF surface grafted with KH-570, and the AF treatment is finished and is marked as AF-P-Silica.
In this example, short fibers of aramid fibers having a length of 3mm were trimmed, and then banburied, milled and vulcanized with the set raw materials to obtain an NR/BR/AF composite material.
The FT-IR spectra of the different modified AFs according to this example are shown in fig. 1, and it can be seen that: through CaCl2After ethanol solution and NaOH ethanol solution are pretreated, hydrogen bonds between N-H and C ═ O are broken, and the size of 1640cm-1C ═ O absorption peak and 1543cm-1The strength of the absorption peak of N-H is reduced, and the absorption peak is widened; SiO 22Coating modified AF of 1083cm-1A sharp Si-O absorption peak appears, which indicates that SiO is formed in situ2Is coated on the AF surface successfully; the Si-O absorption peak of KH570 grafted AF appears at 1083cm-1In the region of a COO-swelling peak at 1719cm-1There was an increase, indicating successful grafting of KH570 to the AF surface.
DIN abrasion pairs for NR/BR/AF composites prepared with different modified AF's as referred to in this example are shown in FIG. 2 and tensile strength pairs are shown in FIG. 3, which are known from CaCl2Ethanol solution andthe DIN abrasion performance of NR/BR/AF composite material prepared by AF pretreated by NaOH ethanol solution is improved by 3.8 percent, and the tensile property is improved by 24 percent because of CaCl2Complexing the ethanol solution with AF, hydrolyzing amido bond through NaOH ethanol solution, increasing the surface area and roughness of AF, and enhancing the binding force between fiber and rubber matrix; in-situ SiO2The abrasion resistance of the NR/BR/AF composite material prepared by coating AF and grafting KH570 modified AF is obviously improved, and the tensile strength is respectively improved by 29.1 percent and 31.9 percent, because the active groups exist on the surface of the secondary modified AF, the binding force between the fiber and the rubber matrix is enhanced.
The surface topography of the different modified AFs involved in this example is shown in fig. 4, the unmodified AF has a smooth surface and a regular structure; through CaCl2The AF was exfoliated by the ethanol solution and NaOH ethanol solution and formed a long groove on the surface of the fiber, and uneven spots of various sizes appeared on the surface of the fiber due to CaCl2After the ethanol solution is used for complexing and the amido bond is hydrolyzed by the NaOH ethanol solution, the surface roughness and the surface area are increased, so that the mechanical chelating force with the composite material is improved; in situ generated SiO2The AF surface is uniformly and tightly coated, and the surface roughness of the AF is further increased; the grooves of the AF surface modified with KH570 were filled with KH570, clearly indicating that KH-570 has been successfully grafted to the AF surface.
The surface morphology of the NR/BR/AF composite material prepared by the different modified AFs related to this example is shown in fig. 5, the surface of the unmodified AF composite material has many holes, and the joints of the fibers and the rubber have obvious gaps, which indicates that the binding effect of the unmodified AF and the rubber is weak; after AF modification, the compatibility with a rubber matrix is enhanced, the number of holes is small, rubber is attached to the surface of the extracted AF, and the increase of the surface roughness enhances the combination between the fiber and the rubber matrix; in situ formation of SiO by sol-gel process2The cross-section of the composite material prepared with the coated AF has no pores and the bonding between the fibers and the rubber matrix is good, because of the in-situ generated SiO2The active hydroxyl groups on the surface form chemical bonds with the hydroxyl groups on the rubber molecular chain. In additionOn one hand, hydroxyl also forms hydrogen bonds with rubber macromolecular chains, and the in-situ synthesized SiO is enhanced2Modifying the AF surface activity and the interface of the fiber and the rubber matrix; KH570 contains double bonds participating in rubber vulcanization, chemical connection is formed between AF and a rubber matrix, and the interface between AF and the rubber matrix is bonded through secondary modification of KH570, so that the synergistic effect is enhanced.

Claims (5)

1. The aramid fiber treatment method is characterized by comprising the following technological processes:
firstly, sequentially adopting CaCl2Modifying AF by using an ethanol solution and a NaOH ethanol solution to increase the surface roughness and the contact area of AF;
then, KH570 is grafted on the modified AF surface through the oxygen-containing group of the AF surface so as to improve the interface adhesion;
and finally, generating the white carbon black on the AF surface grafted with the KH570 by an in-situ generation method.
2. The aramid fiber treatment method according to claim 1, wherein the specific process comprises five steps of preparation, first modification, second modification, grafting and white carbon black generation:
(1) preparation work:
placing AF in a beaker filled with acetone, placing the beaker in an ultrasonic cleaner, ultrasonically cleaning for 60min, removing oil stains and impurities on the surface of the AF, and cleaning for 5 times by using deionized water;
with CaCl2Ethanol solution and NaOH ethanol solution;
(2) first modification:
placing AF in CaCl2Reacting in a beaker of ethanol solution for 5 hours in a magnetic stirrer to complete the first modification;
(3) and (3) second modification:
placing the AF subjected to the first modification in a beaker filled with a NaOH ethanol solution, placing the beaker in a constant-temperature water bath box at the temperature of 65 ℃ for reaction for 5 hours, washing the beaker to be neutral by using deionized water, and drying the beaker to finish the second modification;
(4) grafting:
placing the beaker containing the KH-570 ethanol solution in an ultrasonic cleaner, and ultrasonically oscillating for 30 min;
winding the AF after the second modification on a rectangular frame made of polytetrafluoroethylene material, placing the AF in KH-570 ethanol solution after ultrasonic oscillation, and reacting for 5 hours at the water bath temperature of 40 ℃;
drying in a drying oven at 100 deg.C for 3h, and grafting KH-570 onto the second modified AF;
(5) and (3) generating white carbon black:
placing the AF grafted with the KH-570 in 12.5ml of TEOS ethanol solution;
adding ammonia water to adjust pH to 8, and ultrasonically dispersing for 30 min;
placing the mixture in a constant-temperature water bath box with the temperature of 60 ℃ for reaction for 12 hours;
drying in a drying box at 100 ℃ for 3 h;
and generating white carbon black on the AF surface grafted with KH-570 to finish the AF treatment.
3. The aramid fiber treatment method as claimed in claim 2, wherein step (1) involves CaCl2The mass percentage concentration of the ethanol solution is 5 percent; the mass percentage concentration of the NaOH ethanol solution is 10 percent.
4. The aramid fiber treatment method according to claim 2, wherein the KH-570 ethanol solution involved in the step (4) has a concentration of 10% by mass.
5. The aramid fiber treatment method according to claim 2, wherein the volume ratio of TEOS to ethanol involved in the step (5) is 1/4.
CN202210254067.2A 2022-03-15 2022-03-15 Aramid fiber treatment method Withdrawn CN114657764A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117777566A (en) * 2023-12-26 2024-03-29 广州市勇源运动用品科技有限公司 High-performance friction block for skates and production process thereof

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117777566A (en) * 2023-12-26 2024-03-29 广州市勇源运动用品科技有限公司 High-performance friction block for skates and production process thereof

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