CN114657359A - Rapid and controllable cooling method for medium and small-caliber stainless steel corrugated pipes - Google Patents
Rapid and controllable cooling method for medium and small-caliber stainless steel corrugated pipes Download PDFInfo
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- CN114657359A CN114657359A CN202111294920.5A CN202111294920A CN114657359A CN 114657359 A CN114657359 A CN 114657359A CN 202111294920 A CN202111294920 A CN 202111294920A CN 114657359 A CN114657359 A CN 114657359A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/08—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for tubular bodies or pipes
- C21D9/085—Cooling or quenching
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D11/00—Process control or regulation for heat treatments
- C21D11/005—Process control or regulation for heat treatments for cooling
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
Abstract
The invention relates to a rapid and controllable cooling method for a small-diameter stainless steel corrugated pipe formed by spinning and rolling, belonging to the technical field of heat treatment of corrugated pipes. The method comprises the following basic steps: a monitoring sensor and a nozzle are arranged in the cooling area; and controlling the cooling gas jet flow speed from the wave crest to the wave trough according to a preset rule according to the cooling part fed back by the sensing signal, wherein the wave crest is jetted at the initial jet flow speed, the wave trough is jetted at the initial jet flow speed of preset times, and the jet cooling gas flow speed between the wave crest and the wave trough is gradually changed. Like this, can effectively solve between the adjacent crest the less and less problem of the deeper cold air of trough in clearance, make the quick cooling rate of crest and trough comparatively close to show the regional mechanical properties of improvement trough.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a corrugated pipe process, in particular to a rapid and controllable cooling method for a medium and small-diameter stainless steel corrugated pipe formed by spinning and rolling, belonging to the technical field of heat treatment of corrugated pipes.
Background
The medium and small caliber stainless steel corrugated pipe is a cylindrical thin-wall elastic pipe with transverse corrugations, and the caliber of the corrugated pipe is generally in the range of DN10-DN 50. Because the pipe has ideal bending flexibility and periodic change characteristics, the pipe can compensate mutual displacement of the connecting ends of pipes or machines and equipment, absorbs vibration energy and plays a role in noise reduction and shock absorption, and therefore, the pipe is widely applied to relevant industries such as aerospace, automobiles and the like.
The medium and small-caliber stainless steel corrugated pipe formed by spinning rolling is extruded by huge external mechanical force in the cold machining process, different parts of the material are subjected to different degrees of plastic deformation under the action of the external force, when the external force is removed, different parts of the corrugated pipe generate different degrees of resilience to form macroscopic residual stress, and the residual stress is mainly concentrated in a wave trough area, so that the wave trough breakage failure condition frequently occurs in the using process, and the fatigue life of the corrugated pipe is shortened.
Through carrying out solution heat treatment on the corrugated pipe, the wave trough area is cooled at a cooling speed of 200-350 ℃/s, so that the microstructure and the mechanical property of the wave trough area can be obviously improved, and the fatigue life of the corrugated pipe is prolonged. However, because the medium and small-caliber stainless steel corrugated pipe is a thin-walled pipe with a corrugated structure, the gap between adjacent wave crests of the outer corrugation is small, and the deep cooling gas with relatively low wave trough is difficult to rapidly cool the wave trough region, so that the mechanical property of the wave trough region is not remarkably improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The main purposes of the invention are as follows: aiming at the problem that the middle and small-caliber stainless steel corrugated pipes are difficult to rapidly cool the wave trough area, the rapid and controllable cooling method for the middle and small-caliber stainless steel corrugated pipes formed by spinning rolling is provided, so that the mechanical property of the wave trough area is effectively improved.
In order to achieve the above object, the basic technical scheme of the cooling method of the invention comprises the following steps:
firstly, arranging a monitoring sensor and nozzles with adjustable jet flow speed which are uniformly distributed on the periphery beside a small-caliber stainless steel corrugated pipe traction passing path in a cooling area;
secondly, enabling the medium and small-caliber stainless steel corrugated pipes to pass through a cooling area, and taking the flow speed of cooling gas sprayed by a nozzle required by cooling from the heat treatment temperature at a preset cooling speed as an initial spraying flow speed;
thirdly, controlling the jet speed of the cooling gas from the wave crest to the wave trough according to the following rule according to the cooling part corresponding to the nozzle fed back by the sensor sensing signal:
when the jet wave crest, spraying cooling gas at the initial jet flow speed;
injecting cooling gas at an initial injection flow rate of a predetermined multiple when injecting the trough;
the flow rate of the injected cooling gas is gradually changed according to a predetermined rule when the region between the peaks and the valleys of the injection.
The predetermined multiple can be determined by the flow rate of the cooling gas injected from the nozzle (for example, about 2.5 times of the initial injection flow rate) required for the valley region to have the ideal mechanical characteristics after the middle-small diameter stainless steel bellows heated by the test heat treatment passes through the cooling region. The predetermined rule is preferably a sine function rule. When a wave waist exists between the peak region and the valley region, the jet flow velocity of the wave waist changes linearly.
Like this, can effectively solve between the adjacent crest the less and trough less than the problem of the depths air conditioning in clearance, make the quick cooling rate of crest and trough comparatively close to show the regional mechanical properties of improvement trough.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application and not to limit the application, and in which:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a bellows to be cooled according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of an axial structure of the nozzle arrangement of the embodiment of fig. 1.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the circumferential structure of the nozzle arrangement of the embodiment of FIG. 1.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing a change in the cold air injection speed according to the embodiment of FIG. 1.
FIG. 5 is a graph of the variation of the angle of incidence of the embodiment of FIG. 1.
Detailed Description
Example one
In the embodiment, 321 stainless steel C-shaped corrugated pipe 2 related to the small-caliber stainless steel corrugated pipe rapid controllable cooling method is shown in figure 1, and the outer diameter d of the corrugated pipe2014mm, 1mm for the radius R of the inner corrugation fillet, 1mm for the radius R of the outer corrugation fillet, and the distance h from the center of the crest to the axis 06, the distance h from the center of the wave trough to the axis 16, 4mm wave pitch L, 2.2mm wave height H, 0.2mm wall thickness delta, 15 ° root angle theta, and spray displacement length L in the valley region12cos15 ° mm, peak area spray displacement length L22cos15 DEG mm, spray displacement length L of wave waist region32-2cos15 °. The preset heating time T is usually 10-20s, the set temperature Q is usually 1050-. The cooling gas is ammonia decomposition gas (75% H)2+25％N2) The ammonia decomposition gas can protect the corrugated pipe, prevent oxidation in the heat treatment process, and simultaneously play a role in oxidation reduction, and is applied to high-temperature stripsA shiny appearance was obtained under the test.
The rapid and controllable cooling method for the medium-small-caliber stainless steel corrugated pipe in the embodiment comprises the following steps of:
firstly, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, a sensor 3 for transmitting a monitoring signal by an axial monitoring circuit is arranged beside a small-caliber stainless steel corrugated pipe 2 in a cooling area by drawing a path, four nozzles 1 with preset calibers are uniformly distributed on the periphery, the spraying width and the spraying speed can be regulated, and the spraying angle phi of the nozzles can also be regulated and controlled due to the hinged arrangement of the nozzles; the sensor is one of a laser ranging sensor, an electromagnetic ranging sensor and a machine vision imaging sensor.
And secondly, passing the medium and small-caliber stainless steel corrugated pipe through a cooling area, and using the flow speed of the cooling gas sprayed by the nozzle required by cooling from the heat treatment temperature at a preset cooling speed as the initial spraying flow speed.
Thirdly, according to the cooling part corresponding to the nozzle fed back by the sensor sensing signal, the monitoring circuit controls the jet velocity and the jet angle of the cooling gas from the wave crest to the wave trough according to the following rules:
spray velocity V of wave trough areaGrainAngle of incidence phi1The periodic displacement variation of the sine function with the corrugated pipe from the initial point of cooling (valley top) is controlled according to the following formula:
Φ1＝Φ1maxsin[(π/L1)×(s-n×L)]；
displacement range: n x L is less than or equal to s is less than or equal to L1+n×L
Wave crest region jet flow velocity VPeak(s)Angle of incidence phi2The periodic displacement variation of the sine function along with the corrugated pipe from the initial point of cooling (peak bottom) is controlled according to the following formula:
Φ2＝Φ2max×sin[(π/L2)×(s-L1-L3-n×L)+π]；
displacement range: l is1+L3+n×L≤s≤L-L3+n×L
The jet flow speed in the wave waist area changes linearly and the incident angle is 0 degree;
in the above formula
h is twice the distance between the nozzle at the position of the initial cooling point and the axis of the corrugated pipe in millimeter, which is 30mm in the embodiment;
d1the dynamic diameter of the bellows at the spray position in the valley region is measured in millimeters; push button
d2-the dynamic diameter of the bellows in the spray position in the peak area is measured in millimeters; push button
d10The diameter of the bottom of the wave trough is in mm, and the diameter of the bottom of the wave trough is 10mm in the embodiment;
d20bellows outside diameter in mm, in this example 14 mm;
V00-the change of the amplitude of the valley point adjusts the reference parameter, in m/s, selected according to table 1 below, which is 2.5m/s in this example;
V0the amplitude change of the peak point adjusts a reference parameter, unit m/s, selected according to the following table 2, which is 2m/s in this embodiment;
s-displacement of the bellows from the initial point of cooling in mm, independent variable;
l is corrugated pipe wave pitch, unit mm, 4mm in this embodiment;
L1total length of spray displacement of valley regions, in this example 2cos15 ° mm;
L2the total length of the ejection displacement in the peak region is 2cos15 ° mm in this example;
L3wave ofTotal length of spray displacement in the waist region, in mm, (2-2cos15 °) mm in this example;
n is the number of wave peaks passing through a cooling area, and natural numbers of 0, 1, 2 and 3 … are taken;
f is the initial jet flow velocity at the bottom of the peak, unit m/s, 3.7m/s in this example;
c-is the initial jet velocity at the valley top in m/s, which in this example is 6 m/s;
Φ1maxthe maximum angle of incidence in the valley region is expressed in units of 10 ° in this example;
Φ2maxthe maximum angle of incidence in the peak region is in units °, 10 ° in this example.
TABLE 1V00Value taking
TABLE 2V0Value taking
V is the traction speed, unit m/min, which is 1m/min in this example;
h-twice the distance from the nozzle to the axis of the corrugated pipe at the position of the initial cooling point in millimeter, which is 30mm in this embodiment.
Thus, the jet flow speed and the incident angle of the nozzle between each peak and each valley of the medium and small caliber stainless steel corrugated pipes are regulated and controlled according to the repeatedly searched empirical formula to be in the approximately sine periodic change shown in the figures 4 and 5, so that the rapid cooling speed of each part of the medium and small caliber stainless steel corrugated pipes is basically consistent, the cooling speed of the valley area can be actually controlled to be slightly higher than that of other areas, and the mechanical properties of the whole medium and small caliber stainless steel corrugated pipe including the bending torsion property are obviously improved.
Tests show that when the medium-small-diameter stainless steel corrugated pipe is pulled to be heated to a preset temperature through the heating unit and output for online quick cooling, the motion position of the corrugated pipe is captured through the sensor and the monitoring circuit, the incident angle and the injection quantity (flow rate) of the nozzle are regulated and controlled according to the wave crest, the wave trough and the wave waist regions in an approximately sine rule, and the injection quantity of the wave trough region can be correspondingly increased relative to the wave crest region, so that the wave trough region which is difficult to cool can be uniformly and quickly cooled as required, the required fine-grain strengthening effect is generated on the wave trough region, the comprehensive mechanical property of the whole corrugated pipe is improved, the fatigue life of the corrugated pipe is effectively prolonged, the cold air consumption of the wave crest region is saved, and an ideal effect is achieved.
The various parameters of the present embodiment that can be selected within certain ranges are preferred values. In addition to the above embodiments, the present invention may have other embodiments. For example, the gradual change law of the jet flow speed and the incidence angle between the peaks and the valleys can also be other change laws such as exponents, parabolas, logarithms, power functions and the like; negligible when the wave waist is small; and so on. All technical solutions formed by adopting equivalent substitutions or equivalent transformations fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A quick controllable cooling method for a medium and small-diameter stainless steel corrugated pipe formed by spinning and rolling is characterized by comprising the following steps: in order to achieve the above object, the basic technical scheme of the cooling method of the invention comprises the following steps:
firstly, arranging a monitoring sensor and nozzles with adjustable jet flow speed which are uniformly distributed on the periphery beside a small-caliber stainless steel corrugated pipe traction passing path in a cooling area;
secondly, enabling the medium and small-caliber stainless steel corrugated pipes to pass through a cooling area, and taking the flow speed of cooling gas sprayed by a nozzle required by cooling from the heat treatment temperature at a preset cooling speed as an initial spraying flow speed;
thirdly, controlling the jet speed of the cooling gas from the wave crest to the wave trough according to the following rule according to the cooling part corresponding to the nozzle fed back by the sensor sensing signal:
when the jet wave crest, spraying cooling gas at the initial jet flow speed;
injecting cooling gas at an initial injection flow rate of a predetermined multiple when injecting the trough;
the flow rate of the injected cooling gas is gradually changed according to a predetermined rule when the region between the peaks and the valleys of the injection.
2. The rapid controllable cooling method for the stainless steel corrugated pipe with the medium and small caliber formed by the spinning rolling forming as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the predetermined rule is a sine function rule.
3. The rapid controllable cooling method for the stainless steel corrugated pipe with the medium and small caliber formed by the spinning rolling forming as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the predetermined rule is one of an exponential function, a parabolic function, a logarithmic function or a power function change rule.
4. The rapid controllable cooling method for the medium and small caliber stainless steel corrugated pipe formed by spinning rolling according to claim 1, 2 or 3, which is characterized in that: when a wave waist exists between the peak region and the valley region, the jet flow velocity of the wave waist changes linearly.
5. The rapid controllable cooling method for the stainless steel corrugated pipe with the medium and small caliber formed by the spinning rolling forming as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the nozzle is a hinged nozzle with an adjustable spray angle; in the third step
Spray velocity V of wave trough areaGrainAngle of incidence phi1The displacement change along with the corrugated pipe from the initial cooling point is controlled according to the following formula:
Φ1＝Φ1maxsin[(π/L1)×(s-n×L)]；
displacement range: n x L is less than or equal to s is less than or equal to L1+n×L
Wave crest region jet flow velocity VPeak(s)Angle of incidence phi2The displacement change along with the corrugated pipe from the initial cooling point is controlled according to the following formula:
Φ2＝Φ2max×sin[(π/L2)×(s-L1-L3-n×L)+π]；
displacement range: l is1+L3+n×L≤s≤L-L3+n×L
In the above formula
h is twice of the unit value of millimeter from the nozzle at the position of the initial cooling point to the axis of the corrugated pipe, and the unit is mm;
d1the dynamic diameter value of the corrugated pipe at the spray position of the wave trough area takes millimeter as a unit,
unit mm;
d2the dynamic diameter of the bellows at the spray position in the peak area is measured in millimeters,
unit mm;
h0-the distance in mm from the centre of the wave crest to the axis;
h1-the distance in mm from the centre of the trough to the axis;
r is the external corrugation fillet radius, unit mm;
r-inner corrugation fillet radius, unit mm;
d10-the trough bottom diameter in mm;
d20-bellows outer diameter in mm;
V00-the change in the amplitude of the valley point adjusts the reference parameter in m/s;
V0-the peak point amplitude variation adjusts the reference parameter in m/s;
s-displacement of the bellows from the initial point of cooling in mm;
l is corrugated pipe wave distance in unit mm;
L1-total length of spray displacement in mm of the valley region;
L2-the total length of the jet displacement in mm in the peak area;
L3-total length of spray displacement in mm of the wave waist region;
n-the number of peaks passing through the cooling zone;
c is the initial jet flow speed of the valley top point, and the unit is m/s;
f is the initial jet flow speed of the wave crest, and the unit is m/s;
Φ1max-the maximum angle of incidence in the valley region, in degrees;
Φ2max-maximum angle of incidence in the peak area, in units.
6. The rapid controllable cooling method for the stainless steel corrugated pipe with the medium and small caliber formed by the spinning rolling forming as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that: the V is00、V0Taking values according to Table 1 and Table 2 respectively
TABLE 1
TABLE 2
In the table
V is traction speed, unit m/min;
h is twice the distance between the nozzle and the axis of the corrugated pipe in millimeter as the unit value of mm at the position of the initial cooling point.
7. The rapid controllable cooling method for the stainless steel corrugated pipe with the medium and small caliber formed by the spinning rolling forming as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: the angle of incidence of the waist region is 0 °.
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2021
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