CN114656456B - Ratio type near infrared fluorescent probe for monitoring dynamic change of pH value in endoplasmic reticulum of cell, preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Ratio type near infrared fluorescent probe for monitoring dynamic change of pH value in endoplasmic reticulum of cell, preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a ratio type near infrared fluorescent probe with dynamic change of pH value of an endoplasmic reticulum, a preparation method and application thereof. The method comprises the following steps: weighing 2, 3-trimethyl-5-nitroindole, dissolving in acetonitrile, sequentially adding bromoethanol and potassium iodide, and heating and refluxing; intermediate A is obtained after the reaction; refluxing the intermediate product A, stannous chloride dihydrate and hydrochloric acid solution, stirring and heating, cooling to room temperature, and adjusting the pH to 7 with NaOH solution under ice water bath to obtain an intermediate product B; dissolving an intermediate product B and p-toluenesulfonyl chloride in dichloromethane, dropwise adding triethylamine, and stirring at room temperature for reaction to obtain an intermediate product C; dissolving 7- (diethylamino) coumarin aldehyde and an intermediate C in acetonitrile, and carrying out heating reflux stirring reaction to obtain the ratio type near infrared fluorescent probe for monitoring dynamic change of pH value of an endoplasmic reticulum. The invention develops a novel ratio type near infrared fluorescent probe which is successfully applied to monitoring the micro dynamic change of the pH value in the endoplasmic reticulum of a cell.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fluorescence detection, in particular to a ratio type near infrared fluorescent probe for highly sensitively monitoring dynamic change of pH value in a cell endoplasmic reticulum, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The intracellular pH value is involved in various biological processes such as endocytosis, cell proliferation and ion transport, and the function of most proteins can be exerted only in a certain pH range. Minor deviations (0.1 to 0.2 units) of the organelle pH from normal pH may cause cellular dysfunction, ultimately leading to a variety of diseases. Thus, pH homeostasis plays an important role in the biological processes of living cells and in the functioning of cells. The endoplasmic reticulum, the central organelle of the cell secretory pathway, is an important site for protein and lipid synthesis, calcium homeostasis and detoxification of toxic substances (ph=7.2±0.2). The pH of the endoplasmic reticulum is an important parameter that is critical to regulating physiological functions of the endoplasmic reticulum, including the classification and targeting of proteins during secretion. Under normal physiological conditions, the pH of the endoplasmic reticulum is generally considered to be the same as that of the cytoplasm. As the biosynthetic products approach the end of their secretory pathway, the endoplasmic reticulum becomes progressively acidic. In the secretory pathway, any change in pH of the endoplasmic reticulum in the normal range disrupts the activity of the enzyme, the classification and processing of secreted proteins, and the storage of calcium. In recent years, many studies have shown that endoplasmic reticulum stress can activate autophagy, which is closely related to many diseases (neurodegenerative, infectious, cancer, etc.), resulting in a decrease in pH of the endoplasmic reticulum. Therefore, the highly sensitive quantitative monitoring of the minute dynamic changes in pH in the endoplasmic reticulum is of great importance for the deep disclosure of its biological role in physiological events.
Fluorescence imaging has the advantages of high sensitivity, noninvasive detection, in-situ detection and the like, and is a method capable of monitoring the dynamic change of the pH value at the cellular level. In recent years, the small molecular fluorescent probe is widely focused by people because of the characteristics of easy chemical structure modification, convenient emission color adjustment and the like. Currently, only a few small molecule fluorescent probes are capable of detecting changes in endoplasmic reticulum pH, but these probes have only one response site to pH and provide signal output based on one or two sensing mechanisms. The pH of the endoplasmic reticulum is generally not lower than that of lysosomes (4.7-6.5), and the fluctuation of pH change in the endoplasmic reticulum is small, however, the sensitivity of these probes to pH is limited to the range of 5.0-7.2, and is generally not suitable for quantitative measurement of micro dynamic change of pH in the endoplasmic reticulum. In contrast, the fluorescent probe adopting the open-loop and closed-loop double modes and regulating and controlling the fluorescence characteristic through the ICT mechanism is easier to enhance the response signal of the emission wavelength, and has higher sensitivity to monitoring the dynamic change of the pH value.
Here, we reasonably construct a compound LM-1 as a novel near infrared fluorescent probe for highly sensitively monitoring the dynamic change ratio of pH value in the endoplasmic reticulum of cells. Fluorescence imaging shows that the probe can not only target the endoplasmic reticulum, but also can carry out highly sensitive monitoring on tiny pH value changes in the endoplasmic reticulum.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a ratio type near infrared fluorescent probe for sensitively monitoring the dynamic change of the pH value in the endoplasmic reticulum of a cell, and a preparation method and application thereof. The method has the advantages of good selectivity, high sensitivity and simple preparation method, and can be well applied to high-sensitivity monitoring of the micro dynamic change of the pH value in the endoplasmic reticulum.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a ratio type near infrared fluorescent probe for highly sensitively monitoring dynamic change of pH value in a cell endoplasmic reticulum has the following structure:
the preparation method of the ratio type near infrared fluorescent probe for highly sensitively monitoring the dynamic change of the pH value in the endoplasmic reticulum of the cell comprises the following steps:
step 1, weighing 2, 3-trimethyl-5-nitroindole, dissolving in acetonitrile, adding bromoethanol, stirring uniformly, adding potassium iodide, heating, refluxing and stirring the mixed solution for reaction; after the reaction is finished, cooling to room temperature, removing redundant solvent, filtering the precipitate to obtain a filter cake, and washing the filter cake with acetonitrile to obtain an intermediate product A.
Step 2, the intermediate product a obtained in step 1, stannous chloride dihydrate and 38% hydrochloric acid (volume percentage concentration) were added to a 50mL round bottom flask equipped with a reflux condenser, and the mixture was stirred and heated under reflux. After cooling to room temperature, adjusting pH to neutrality with sodium hydroxide solution in ice water bath, extracting with distilled water and ethyl acetate, separating, recovering organic layer, removing excessive solvent, and purifying by column chromatography to obtain intermediate B.
And 3, dissolving the intermediate product B and the p-toluenesulfonyl chloride obtained in the step 2 in dichloromethane, uniformly stirring, dropwise adding triethylamine, stirring the mixture at room temperature for reaction, removing redundant solvent after the reaction is finished, and purifying by column chromatography to obtain an intermediate product C.
Step 4, adding 7- (diethylamino) coumarin aldehyde and the intermediate product C obtained in the step 3 into acetonitrile, heating, refluxing and stirring the mixture for reaction, and removing redundant solvent after the mixture is cooled to room temperature; the ratio type near infrared fluorescent probe for highly sensitively monitoring the dynamic change of the pH value in the endoplasmic reticulum of the cell can be obtained by purifying through a column chromatography method.
In the step 1, the dosage ratio of the 2, 3-trimethyl-5-nitroindole, acetonitrile, bromoethanol and potassium iodide is 0.5 g-1 g:6 mL-8 mL:192 mu L-200 mu L:0.2 g-0.25 g.
In the step 1, the temperature of the heating reflux stirring reaction is 95-100 ℃ and the time is 23-24 h.
In the step 2, the dosage ratio of the intermediate product A, stannous chloride dihydrate and 38% hydrochloric acid is 0.2 g-0.3 g:0.48 g-0.5 g:6 mL-8 mL.
In the step 2, the temperature of the stirring and heating reaction in the reflux state is 95-100 ℃ and the time is 2-3 h.
In the step 3, the dosage ratio of the intermediate product B, the p-toluenesulfonyl chloride, the methylene dichloride and the triethylamine is 0.3 g-0.5 g:0.26 g-0.4 g:5 mL-6 mL:2 mu L to 3 mu L.
In the step 3, the reaction time at room temperature is 1-2 h, and the solvent removal method is rotary evaporation.
In the step 4, the dosage ratio of the 7- (diethylamino) coumarin aldehyde, the intermediate C and the acetonitrile is 0.5 g-1 g:0.76 g-1 g:5 mL-6 mL.
In the step 4, the temperature of the heating reflux stirring reaction is 95-100 ℃ and the time is 12-13 h.
The ratio type near infrared fluorescent probe prepared by the invention is used for highly sensitively monitoring the dynamic change of the pH value in the endoplasmic reticulum of a cell, and the specific using method is as follows:
(1) The fluorescent probe LM-1 provided by the invention is used for monitoring the dynamic change of the pH value through an open loop mode and a closed loop mode, and the specific method comprises the following steps:
10. Mu.M fluorescent probe test solutions were prepared with 20mM sodium phosphate buffer/DMSO (19:1 v/v, pH=2.02-8.36), followed by determination of the fluorescence emission spectra of probe LM-1 at different pH. It was found by fluorescence spectroscopy that the fluorescence intensity at 408nm gradually decreased as the pH value was lowered from 8.36 to 2.02, and at the same time, new fluorescence centered at 652nm was generated in the near infrared channel and the fluorescence intensity gradually increased. The results show that the nucleophilicity of the hydroxyl groups decreases with decreasing pH. Thus, under acidic conditions, probe LM-1 is converted from the ring-closed to the ring-open form, and the coumarin moiety and indole moiety form a conjugate.
(2) The fluorescent probe LM-1 provided by the invention has reversibility when being used for highly sensitively monitoring the pH value, and the specific method comprises the following steps:
at room temperature, 20mM sodium phosphate buffer/DMSO (19:1 v/v) at pH 7.4 was prepared, the pH was adjusted back and forth between 6.13 and 8.11 with concentrated hydrochloric acid and aqueous sodium hydroxide (10M), and the fluorescence emission spectrum of probe LM-1 was measured for the above pH change.
(3) The fluorescent probe LM-1 provided by the invention can be used for monitoring the micro dynamic change of the pH value in real time and sensitively, and the specific method comprises the following steps:
at room temperature, 20mM sodium phosphate buffer/DMSO (19:1 v/v) was prepared at pH 7.45,7.33,7.21, respectively, for use. The fluorescence intensity of the fluorescent probe LM-1 was monitored at a fluorescence emission wavelength of 652nm with an excitation wavelength of 408nm and a time interval of 100 s. Along with the trace reduction of the pH value by 0.1-0.2 unit, the fluorescence intensity of the fluorescent probe test solution at 652nm is obviously enhanced and is quickly stabilized
(4) The fluorescent probe LM-1 provided by the invention can be used for targeting and positioning an endoplasmic reticulum, and the specific method comprises the following steps:
co-localization experiments: liver cancer cells (SMMC-7721) were placed in 35mm glass bottom dishes and stained with 2. Mu.M probe LM-1 for 25 min. Then, 0.5 mu M ER tracker Blue-White DPX dye was used 18 Dyeing for 25 minutes. Fluorescent images were obtained on a lycra TCS SP5 II confocal scanning microscope using an objective lens. The near infrared channel of probe LM-1 is involved in the emission of the 650-700nm spectral window under 543nm excitation. ER tracker Blue-White DPX dye was recorded on an emission window of 440-490nm under 405nm excitation 18 Is a blue channel of (c).
(5) The fluorescent probe LM-1 provided by the invention can be used for highly sensitively monitoring the micro dynamic change of the pH value in the endoplasmic reticulum, and the specific method comprises the following steps:
cell culture: hepatoma cells (SMMC-7721) were incubated in 35mm glass bottom dishes in DMEM containing 10% fetal bovine serum in an incubator containing 5% carbon dioxide at 37 ℃.
Cell staining: liver cancer cells (SMMC-7721) were placed in 35mm glass bottom dishes and stained with 2. Mu.M LM-1 for 25 minutes. Then, nigericin (5 mg mL) was used -1 ) The cells were treated for 20min. The cells were washed three times with PBS at pH 7.52,7.36 and 7.18, respectively. Subsequently, fluorescence images were obtained on a lycra TCS SP5 II confocal scanning microscope with an objective lens. The near infrared channel of probe LM-1 is involved in the emission of the 650-700nm spectral window under 543nm excitation. The green channel of probe LM-1 was recorded at an emission window of 500-530nm under 405nm excitation.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
(1) The invention provides a brand new ratio type near infrared fluorescent probe for high sensitivity monitoring of micro dynamic change of pH value, which has simple synthesis method, good selectivity to pH value and Na + 、K + 、Ca 2+ 、Mg 2+ 、NH 4 + 、SO 4 2- 、Cl - The detection is not affected by related interferents such as biomolecules (GSH, cys, hcy); the fluorescence emission peak (652 nm) of the probe is in the near infrared region, contributing to eliminationThe interference of background fluorescence is removed, the detection error is reduced, and the accuracy of analysis and detection is improved; fluorescence intensity of probe solution (I 485 ,I 652 ) Has good linear relation with pH value change within the range of 2.02-8.36, and has extremely high sensitivity to the pH value fluctuating in 0.1-0.2 units;
(2) After the synthesis method is improved, the side reaction can be effectively prevented, and impurities which are difficult to separate in the reaction process are greatly reduced, so that a target product with high purity can be obtained.
(3) The invention develops a novel high-sensitivity ratio type near infrared fluorescent probe for monitoring the dynamic change of the pH value in the endoplasmic reticulum of a cell, and a laser confocal scanning microscope is firstly used for fluorescent imaging to monitor the micro change of the pH value in the endoplasmic reticulum with high sensitivity. It is worth noting that the highly sensitive quantitative monitoring of the minute dynamic changes of pH values in the endoplasmic reticulum is of great importance for the deep disclosure of its biological role in physiological events.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a synthetic route diagram of a ratio-type near infrared fluorescent probe for monitoring pH dynamic change in endoplasmic reticulum in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 a is a graph showing fluorescence titration of the fluorescent probe according to example 1 of the present invention for detecting different pH values;
FIG. 2 b shows the fluorescence intensities (I) obtained by detecting the spectral data of different pH values with the fluorescent probe of example 1 652 ) A linear relation graph of pH value change, wherein the abscissa is pH value, and the ordinate is fluorescence intensity;
FIG. 2 c shows the fluorescence intensity (I) constructed by detecting the spectral data of different pH values with the fluorescent probe according to example 1 of the present invention 485 ) A linear relation graph of pH value change, wherein the abscissa is pH value, and the ordinate is fluorescence intensity;
d in FIG. 2 is a kinetic study of the fluorescent probe of example 1 of the present invention, in which the abscissa indicates the reaction time and the ordinate indicates the fluorescence intensity.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the reversibility of the fluorescent probe according to example 1 of the present invention, wherein the abscissa represents the pH value and the ordinate represents the fluorescence intensity.
FIG. 4 is a selective histogram of a fluorescent probe according to example 1 of the present invention; the abscissa is the addition condition of different ions or molecules, and the ordinate is the ratio value of fluorescence intensity;
FIG. 5 shows the fluorescent probes LM-1 and ER tracker Blue-White DPX dye of example 1 of the present invention 18 Fluorescence imaging of co-localization in hepatoma cells (SMMC-7721).
FIG. 6 is a fluorescence imaging chart of the fluorescent probe LM-1 stained liver cancer cell (SMMC-7721) of example 1 of the present invention, recorded at different pH values (pH= 7.18,7.36,7.52).
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
Example 1:
(1) Weighing 0.5g of 2, 3-trimethyl-5-nitroindole, dissolving in 6mL of acetonitrile, adding 192 mu L of bromoethanol, uniformly stirring, adding 0.2g of potassium iodide, heating, refluxing and stirring the mixed solution at 95 ℃ for reaction for 23 hours; after the reaction was completed, the reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, excess solvent was removed, and the precipitate was suction-filtered to obtain a cake and washed with acetonitrile to obtain 0.32g of an intermediate product A as a brown solid in a yield of 52.6%.
(2) 0.2g of intermediate A from step 1, 0.48g of stannous chloride dihydrate were added to a 25mL round bottom flask containing 6mL of 38% hydrochloric acid and the mixture was heated and stirred at 95℃for 3h. After cooling to room temperature, pH was adjusted to 7 with sodium hydroxide solution in ice water bath, extraction and separation were performed with distilled water and ethyl acetate, the organic layer was recovered, excess solvent was removed, and the residue was purified by column chromatography (dichloromethane: methanol=100:1, v/v) to give 87.7mg of intermediate B as a yellow solid in 49.6% yield.
(3) 0.3g of intermediate B obtained in the step 2 and 0.26g of p-toluenesulfonyl chloride were weighed and dissolved in 5mL of methylene chloride, and stirred well, 2. Mu.L of triethylamine was added dropwise, and then the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours. After the reaction, the excess solvent was removed, and the residue was purified by column chromatography (dichloromethane: methanol=10:1, v/v) to give 238.8mg of intermediate C as a pale yellow solid in 46.7% yield.
(4) 0.5g of 7- (diethylamino) coumarin aldehyde and 0.76g of intermediate C obtained in step 3 were added to 6mL of acetonitrile, and the mixture was heated at 95℃under reflux with stirring for reaction for 12 hours. After the mixture cooled to room temperature, removing excess solvent; purification by column chromatography (dichloromethane: petroleum ether: methanol=60:10:1, v/v/v) gave 307.4mg of the ratio-type near infrared fluorescent probe for monitoring dynamic changes in pH in the endoplasmic reticulum with a yield of 25.1%.
Example 2:
the high sensitivity monitoring of the fluorescence spectral response of pH dynamically varying fluorescent probe LM-1 to different pH values in the endoplasmic reticulum of a cell obtained in example 1.
The spectral properties were tested in 20mM sodium phosphate buffer/DMSO (19:1 v/v) at a pH in the range of 2.02-8.36. As the pH was lowered from 8.36 to 2.02, the fluorescence intensity at 408nm was gradually decreased (a in FIG. 2), and at the same time, new fluorescence centered at 652nm was generated in the near infrared channel and the fluorescence intensity was gradually increased (a in FIG. 2). In addition, probe LM-1 exhibited good linear response (b in FIG. 2, c in FIG. 2) at pH values in the range of 2.02 to 8.36. The fluorescent probe obtained in example 1 thus has excellent fluorescence response to changes in pH.
Example 3:
kinetic study of the fluorescent probe LM-1 for monitoring dynamic pH change in the endoplasmic reticulum of a cell with high sensitivity, which is obtained in example 1.
The kinetics of the fluorescent probe for monitoring different pH values is to monitor the fluorescence intensity of the fluorescent emission wavelength of 652nm by using 408nm as an excitation wavelength. As shown by d in fig. 2, at different pH values (7.45,7.33,7.21), every 100s, with the slight decrease of the pH value by 0.1-0.2 units, the fluorescence intensity of the fluorescent probe test solution at 652nm is obviously enhanced and quickly reaches a stable state, which indicates that the probe can quickly respond to the slight change of the pH value, thereby being capable of monitoring the dynamic change of the pH value in real time and sensitively.
Example 4:
reversibility of pH fluorescence detection by fluorescent probe LM-1 obtained in example 1.
10. Mu.M of fluorescent probe test solution was prepared with 20mM sodium phosphate buffer/DMSO (19:1 v/v, pH=7.4) for use. The fluorescence emission spectrum of probe LM-1 was measured at room temperature by adjusting the pH between 6.13 and 8.11 with concentrated hydrochloric acid and aqueous sodium hydroxide (10M) and then exciting at 408nm, and the measurement result is shown in FIG. 3.
From the results of FIG. 3, it can be seen that the probe LM-1 has a reversible fluorescence response to a change in pH when the pH of the system is switched between 6.13 and 8.11, indicating that: the fluorescent probe LM-1 of the invention can be used for monitoring the fluctuation of the pH value.
Example 5:
selective investigation of the fluorescent probe LM-1 obtained in example 1 for pH fluorescence detection.
10. Mu.M of fluorescent probe test solution was prepared with 20mM sodium phosphate buffer/DMSO (19:1 v/v, pH=7.31) for use. First, adding other possible interferents to 10 μm fluorescent probe molecule test solution, including Na + 、K + 、Ca 2+ 、Mg 2+ 、NH 4 + 、SO 4 2- 、Cl - And biomolecules (GSH, cys, hcy). After mixing for 2 minutes, fluorescence spectrum test was performed under the same conditions with excitation at 408nm to obtain fluorescence spectra of the respective sets of solutions, and the measurement results are shown in fig. 4.
As can be seen from the results of FIG. 4, when Na is added to the system + 、K + 、Ca 2+ 、Mg 2+ 、NH 4 + 、SO 4 2- 、Cl - After the possible interferents such as biological molecules (GSH, cys, hcy), the fluorescence intensity of each group was not significantly different from that of the blank solution without the interferents. The results show that: the fluorescent probe has high selectivity for pH value fluorescent detection, is not interfered by other coexisting ions or molecules, and is suitable for accurate monitoring of different pH values.
Example 6:
practical application of the fluorescent probe LM-1 obtained in example 1.
(1) Co-localized fluorescence imaging of fluorescent probe LM-1 obtained in example 1.
Liver cancer cells (SMMC-7721) were placed in 35mm glass bottom dishes and stained with 2. Mu.M probe LM-1 for 25 min. Then, 0.5 mu M ER tracker Blue-White DPX dye was used 18 Dyeing for 25 minutes. Fluorescent images were obtained on a lycra TCS SP5 II confocal scanning microscope using an objective lens. The near infrared channel of probe LM-1 is involved in the emission of the 650-700nm spectral window under 543nm excitation. The blue channel of ER tracker blue-White DPX dye18 was recorded on an emission window of 440-490nm under 405nm excitation.
FIG. 5 shows the probe LM-1 and ER tracker Blue-White DPX dye 18 Confocal fluorescence image of co-stained hepatoma cells (SMMC-7721). (a) is an image of a blue channel (b) is an image of a red channel, (c) is an image obtained by superimposing (a) and (b), and (d) is a ROIs intensity distribution indicated by a line segment in (c) in a co-stained liver cancer cell (SMMC-7721). The results indicate that probe LM-1 can be located in the endoplasmic reticulum of the cell.
(2) Confocal fluorescence imaging of fluorescent probes obtained in example 1 stained liver cancer cells (SMMC-7721) at different pH values (ph= 7.52,7.36,7.18) intervals.
Cell culture: hepatoma cells (SMMC-7721) were incubated in 35mm glass bottom dishes in DMEM containing 10% fetal bovine serum in an incubator containing 5% carbon dioxide at 37 ℃.
Cell staining: liver cancer cells (SMMC-7721) were placed in 35mm glass bottom dishes and stained with 2. Mu.M LM-1 for 25 minutes. Then, nigericin (5 mg mL) was used -1 ) The cells were treated for 20min. The cells were washed three times with PBS at pH 7.52,7.36 and 7.18, respectively. Subsequently, fluorescence images were obtained on a lycra TCS SP5 II confocal scanning microscope with an objective lens. The near infrared channel of probe LM-1 is involved in the emission of the 650-700nm spectral window under 543nm excitation. The green channel of probe LM-1 was recorded at an emission window of 500-530nm under 405nm excitation.
As can be seen from m in fig. 6 and n in fig. 6, with a slight decrease in pH (about 0.1 to 0.2 pH units), fluorescence in the near infrared channel increases significantly, while fluorescence in the green channel decreases. These results indicate that LM-1 shows a highly sensitive fluorescent response to small pH changes in the endoplasmic reticulum.
In summary, we have reasonably developed a novel fluorescent probe LM-1 for highly sensitively monitoring the micro dynamic changes of pH value in the endoplasmic reticulum of cells. The probe has good reversibility and selectivity, and can monitor the tiny fluctuation of the pH value and generate specific fluorescence response. The probe LM-1 has near infrared fluorescence, has ratio response to different pH values, effectively reduces background fluorescence and experimental errors, and has deeper penetrating capacity to tissues.
Fluorescence imaging experiments show that the probe LM-1 not only can target and locate the endoplasmic reticulum, but also has a pKa value which tends to the normal pH value of the endoplasmic reticulum. When the pH value is slightly reduced by about 0.1 to 0.2 pH units, the fluorescence in the near infrared channel is significantly enhanced, while the fluorescence in the green channel is reduced. Therefore, the novel ratio type near infrared fluorescent probe LM-1 designed by us can be used as a multipurpose tool for accurately and highly sensitively monitoring the micro dynamic change of the pH value in the endoplasmic reticulum of the cell.
Claims (9)
1. A ratio-type near infrared fluorescent probe for monitoring dynamic change of pH value in an endoplasmic reticulum, which is characterized by comprising the following structure:
2. a method for preparing a ratio near infrared fluorescent probe for monitoring dynamic changes of pH in the endoplasmic reticulum of a cell according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
step 1, weighing 2, 3-trimethyl-5-nitroindole, dissolving in acetonitrile, then adding 2-bromoethanol, uniformly stirring, then adding potassium iodide, heating, refluxing and stirring the mixed solution for reaction; cooling to room temperature after the reaction is finished, removing redundant solvent, carrying out suction filtration on the precipitate to obtain a filter cake, and washing the filter cake with acetonitrile to obtain an intermediate product A;
step 2, stirring and heating the mixture of the intermediate product A, stannous chloride dihydrate and hydrochloric acid solution obtained in the step 1 in a reflux state, cooling to room temperature, regulating the pH to be neutral by using a sodium hydroxide solution under ice water bath, extracting and separating liquid by using distilled water and ethyl acetate, recovering an organic layer, removing redundant solvent, and purifying by column chromatography to obtain an intermediate product B;
step 3, dissolving the intermediate product B and the p-toluenesulfonyl chloride obtained in the step 2 in dichloromethane, uniformly stirring, dropwise adding triethylamine, stirring the mixture at room temperature for reaction, removing redundant solvent after the reaction is finished, and purifying by column chromatography to obtain an intermediate product C;
step 4, adding 7- (diethylamino) coumarin-3-formaldehyde and the intermediate product C obtained in the step 3 into acetonitrile, heating, refluxing and stirring the mixture for reaction, and removing redundant solvent after the mixture is cooled to room temperature; the ratio type near infrared fluorescent probe for monitoring the dynamic change of the pH value in the endoplasmic reticulum of the cell can be obtained after purification by a column chromatography method.
3. The preparation method according to claim 2, wherein in the step 1, the dosage ratio of the 2, 3-trimethyl-5-nitroindole, acetonitrile, 2-bromoethanol and potassium iodide is 0.5g to 1g:6 mL-8 mL:192 mu L-200 mu L:0.2 g-0.25 g.
4. The preparation method according to claim 2, wherein in the step 1, the temperature of the heating reflux stirring reaction is 95-100 ℃ and the time is 23-24 h.
5. The preparation method according to claim 2, wherein in the step 2, the ratio of the intermediate product a, stannous chloride dihydrate to hydrochloric acid solution is 0.2g to 0.3g:0.48 g-0.5 g:6 mL-8 mL; the volume percentage concentration of the hydrochloric acid solution is 38%.
6. The preparation method according to claim 2, wherein in step 2, the temperature of stirring and heating in the reflux state is 95 to 100 ℃ for 2 to 3 hours.
7. The preparation method according to claim 2, wherein in the step 3, the dosage ratio of the intermediate product B, the p-toluenesulfonyl chloride, the methylene dichloride and the triethylamine is 0.3g to 0.5g:0.26 g-0.4 g:5 mL-6 mL:2 mu L to 3 mu L.
8. The preparation method according to claim 2, wherein in the step 3, the room temperature reaction time is 1-2 hours, and the solvent removal method is rotary evaporation.
9. The preparation method according to claim 2, wherein in the step 4, the dosage ratio of the 7- (diethylamino) coumarin-3-formaldehyde, the intermediate C and the acetonitrile is 0.5 g-1 g:0.76 g-1 g:5 mL-6 mL; the temperature of the heating reflux stirring reaction is 95-100 ℃ and the time is 12-13 h.
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