CN114656264A - High-strength castable for salt bath quenching furnace - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-strength castable for a salt bath quenching furnace, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 60-80 parts of mullite, 20-30 parts of corundum and porous SiO2Coated with Al2O33-5 parts of micro powder, 0.5-1 part of SiC micro powder and 5-8 parts of silica sol. The castable disclosed by the invention has excellent anti-erosion capability, high mechanical strength and good high-temperature-resistant stability, can keep good mechanical strength at high temperature, and is beneficial to prolonging the service life of a salt bath quenching furnace.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of refractory materials, in particular to a high-strength castable for a salt bath quenching furnace.
Background
In the field of mechanical manufacturing, quenching is a common process, and the main function of the quenching is to change the internal structure of a workpiece through cooling, so as to achieve the purpose of adjusting the performance of the workpiece. The common quenching process comprises air-cooled quenching, water-cooled quenching, oil-cooled quenching, salt-bath quenching and the like, wherein the salt-bath quenching is a process for heating and quenching a workpiece by using molten salt and plays an important role in the quenching process. Because high-temperature molten salt needs to be contacted in the salt bath quenching, high performance requirements are provided for the refractory material for the salt bath quenching furnace, the refractory material has excellent erosion resistance, the erosion process of the molten salt on the refractory material can be relieved, the service life of the quenching furnace is prolonged, and the refractory material also has good mechanical strength and high-temperature resistance.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the technical problems in the background art, the invention provides a high-strength castable for a salt bath quenching furnace.
The invention provides a high-strength castable for a salt bath quenching furnace, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 60-80 parts of mullite, 20-30 parts of corundum and porous SiO2Coated with Al2O33-5 parts of micro powder, 0.5-1 part of SiC micro powder and 5-8 parts of silica sol.
Preferably, the porous SiO2Coated Al2O3The preparation method of the micro powder comprises the following steps: mixing absolute ethyl alcohol, ammonia water and water to obtain a solvent, and then adding Al2O3Dispersing the micro powder and hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide uniformly, adding tetraethoxysilane, stirring and reacting at normal temperature, filtering after the reaction is finished, drying a filter cake, and calcining to obtain the catalyst.
Preferably, the Al2O3The mass ratio of the micro powder to the cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide to the ethyl orthosilicate is 10: (0.1-0.2): (1-3).
Preferably, the ratio of the ethyl orthosilicate to the solvent is 1 g: (8-10) mL, wherein the solvent is prepared from absolute ethyl alcohol, ammonia water and water in a volume ratio of (1-3): (2-5): (3-5) mixing to obtain the product.
Preferably, the calcining temperature is 450-550 ℃, and the calcining time is 1-5 h.
Preferably, theAl mentioned above2O3The grain diameter of the micro powder is less than or equal to 0.043 mm.
Preferably, the mullite is prepared from mullite with the grain diameter larger than 5mm and less than or equal to 8mm, mullite with the grain diameter larger than 3mm and less than or equal to 5mm, mullite with the grain diameter larger than 1mm and less than or equal to 3mm and mullite with the grain diameter less than or equal to 0.074mm according to the mass ratio of (1-2): (1.5-2.5): (1-2): (2.5-3).
Preferably, the corundum is prepared from corundum with the grain diameter of more than or equal to 1mm and less than or equal to 3mm and corundum with the grain diameter of less than or equal to 0.074mm according to the mass ratio of (0.5-1.5): 1.
Preferably, the particle size of the SiC fine powder is 5 to 15 μm.
Preferably, the silica sol has a solid content of 20 to 30%.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention is realized by adding hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide to Al2O3The micro powder is subjected to surface modification, simultaneously, tetraethoxysilane is hydrolyzed in a solvent, and the hydrolysis reaction is carried out on Al under the alkaline condition through electrostatic adsorption2O3Coating a layer of SiO with the micropowder2Removing hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide through calcination to form a porous structure, thereby obtaining the porous SiO2Coated Al2O3Fine powder capable of promoting SiO at high temperature calcination2With Al2O3The mullite phases which are uniformly distributed are formed in the sample through reaction, so that the effect of improving the mechanical strength is achieved, and the surface of the sample is oxidized into liquid SiO phase at high temperature by adding proper SiC micro powder2The film can close the pores in the sample, promote the sintering densification of the sample, and further improve the mechanical strength of the material. The castable disclosed by the invention has excellent anti-erosion capability, high mechanical strength and good high-temperature-resistant stability, can keep good mechanical strength at high temperature, and is beneficial to prolonging the service life of a salt bath quenching furnace.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
A high-strength castable for a salt bath quenching furnace comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 60 parts of mullite, 30 parts of corundum and porous SiO2Coated with Al2O33 parts of micro powder, 0.5 part of SiC micro powder and 5 parts of silica sol with the solid content of 20 percent.
Porous SiO2Coated with Al2O3The preparation method of the micro powder comprises the following steps: anhydrous ethanol, ammonia water and water are mixed according to the volume ratio of 1: 2: 3 mixing to obtain a solvent, and then adding Al2O3Dispersing the micropowder and hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide uniformly, adding tetraethoxysilane, stirring at normal temperature for reaction, filtering after the reaction is finished, drying the filter cake at 80 ℃ for 4h, and calcining at 450 ℃ for 5h to obtain the catalyst, wherein Al is2O3The mass ratio of the micro powder to the cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide to the ethyl orthosilicate is 10: 0.1: 1, the ratio of ethyl orthosilicate to solvent is 1 g: 8mL of, Al2O3The grain diameter of the micro powder is less than or equal to 0.043 mm.
The mullite is prepared from mullite with the grain diameter more than 5mm and less than or equal to 8mm, mullite with the grain diameter more than 3mm and less than or equal to 5mm, mullite with the grain diameter more than 1mm and less than or equal to 3mm and mullite with the grain diameter less than or equal to 0.074mm according to the mass ratio of 1: 1.5: 1: 2.5; the corundum is prepared from corundum with the grain diameter of more than or equal to 1mm and less than or equal to 3mm and corundum with the grain diameter of less than or equal to 0.074mm according to the mass ratio of 0.5: 1, preparing a composition; the grain diameter of the SiC micro powder is 5-15 μm.
The preparation method of the castable comprises the following steps:
weighing mullite, corundum and porous SiO according to the mass parts2Coated with Al2O3Adding the micro powder and the SiC micro powder into a stirrer, dry-mixing uniformly, and then adding the silica sol, and fully and uniformly stirring to obtain the silicon-based composite material.
Example 2
A high-strength castable for a salt bath quenching furnace comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 75 parts of mullite, 25 parts of corundum and porous SiO2Coated with Al2O34 parts of micro powder, 0.75 part of SiC micro powder and 6 parts of silica sol with the solid content of 25 percent.
Porous SiO2Coated with Al2O3The preparation method of the micro powder comprises the following steps: anhydrous ethanol, ammonia water and water are mixed according to the volume ratio of 2: 4: 4 to obtain a solvent, and then adding Al2O3Dispersing the micropowder and hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide uniformly, adding tetraethoxysilane, stirring at normal temperature for reaction, filtering after the reaction is finished, drying a filter cake at 85 ℃ for 3h, and calcining at 500 ℃ for 3h to obtain the catalyst, wherein Al is2O3The mass ratio of the micro powder to the hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide to the tetraethoxysilane is 10: 0.15: 2, the ratio of the ethyl orthosilicate to the solvent is 1 g: 9mL of, Al2O3The grain diameter of the micro powder is less than or equal to 0.043 mm.
The mullite comprises mullite with the grain diameter more than 5mm and less than or equal to 8mm, mullite with the grain diameter more than 3mm and less than or equal to 5mm, mullite with the grain diameter more than 1mm and less than or equal to 3mm and mullite with the grain diameter less than or equal to 0.074mm according to the mass ratio of 1.5: 2: 1.5: 2.8; the corundum is prepared from corundum with the grain diameter of more than or equal to 1mm and less than or equal to 3mm and corundum with the grain diameter of less than or equal to 0.074mm according to the mass ratio of 1: 1, preparing a composition; the grain diameter of the SiC micro powder is 5-15 μm.
The preparation method of the castable is the same as that of example 1.
Example 3
A high-strength castable for a salt bath quenching furnace comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 80 parts of mullite, 30 parts of corundum and porous SiO2Coated with Al2O35 parts of micro powder, 1 part of SiC micro powder and 8 parts of silica sol with the solid content of 30 percent.
Porous SiO2Coated with Al2O3The preparation method of the micro powder comprises the following steps: anhydrous ethanol, ammonia water and water are mixed according to the volume ratio of 3: 2: 3 mixing to obtain a solvent, and then adding Al2O3Dispersing the micropowder and hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide uniformly, adding tetraethoxysilane, stirring at normal temperature for reaction, filtering after the reaction is finished, drying the filter cake at 90 ℃ for 2h, and calcining at 550 ℃ for 1h to obtain the catalyst, wherein Al is2O3The mass ratio of the micro powder to the cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide to the ethyl orthosilicate is 10: 0.2: 3, the ratio of the ethyl orthosilicate to the solvent is 1 g: 10mL of, Al2O3The grain diameter of the micro powder is less than or equal to 0.043 mm.
The mullite comprises mullite with the grain diameter more than 5mm and less than or equal to 8mm, mullite with the grain diameter more than 3mm and less than or equal to 5mm, mullite with the grain diameter more than 1mm and less than or equal to 3mm and mullite with the grain diameter less than or equal to 0.074mm according to the mass ratio of 2: 2.5: 2: 3, preparing a composition; the corundum is prepared from corundum with the grain diameter of more than or equal to 1mm and less than or equal to 3mm and corundum with the grain diameter of less than or equal to 0.074mm according to the mass ratio of 1.5: 1, preparing a composition; the grain diameter of the SiC micro powder is 5-15 μm.
The preparation method of the castable is the same as that of example 1.
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 differs from example 1 only in that: al with the grain diameter less than or equal to 0.043mm is adopted2O3Micro powder replacing porous SiO2Coated with Al2O3And (5) micro-pulverizing.
The preparation method of the castable comprises the following steps:
weighing mullite, corundum and Al according to the mass parts2O3Adding the micro powder and the SiC micro powder into a stirrer, and dry-mixing uniformly, then adding the silica sol, and fully and uniformly stirring to obtain the silicon carbide/SiC composite material.
Test examples
The casting materials prepared in the examples 1-3 and the comparative example 1 are respectively cast and molded, maintained at normal temperature for 24 hours, then demoulded to prepare a sample, and sequentially subjected to drying treatment at 110 ℃ for 24 hours and calcining treatment at 1400 ℃ for 3 hours, and the normal-temperature compressive strength and the normal-temperature flexural strength of the sample after treatment at 110 ℃, 24 hours, 1400 ℃ and 3 hours are respectively tested.
The samples after calcination treatment were tested for high temperature flexural strength at 1400 ℃ for 0.5 h.
The detection of compressive strength is referred to GB/T5072-.
The test results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 Performance test results of the castable materials
As can be seen from Table 1, the mechanical properties of the castable provided by the invention are remarkably improved, and the castable is high-strength castable.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The high-strength castable for the salt bath quenching furnace is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by mass: 60-80 parts of mullite, 20-30 parts of corundum and porous SiO2Coated Al2O33-5 parts of micro powder, 0.5-1 part of SiC micro powder and 5-8 parts of silica sol.
2. The high-strength castable for salt bath quenching furnace according to claim 1, wherein said porous SiO is2Coated with Al2O3The preparation method of the micro powder comprises the following steps: mixing absolute ethyl alcohol, ammonia water and water to obtain a solvent, and then adding Al2O3Dispersing the micro powder and hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide uniformly, adding tetraethoxysilane, stirring and reacting at normal temperature, filtering after the reaction is finished, drying a filter cake, and calcining to obtain the catalyst.
3. The high-strength castable for salt bath quenching furnace according to claim 2, wherein said Al is2O3The mass ratio of the micro powder to the hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide to the tetraethoxysilane is 10: (0.1-0.2): (1-3).
4. The high-strength castable for the salt bath quenching furnace according to claim 2, wherein the ratio of the tetraethoxysilane to the solvent is 1 g: (8-10) mL, wherein the solvent is prepared from absolute ethyl alcohol, ammonia water and water in a volume ratio of (1-3): (2-5): (3-5) mixing to obtain the product.
5. The high-strength castable for the salt bath quenching furnace according to claim 2, wherein the calcining temperature is 450-550 ℃, and the calcining time is 1-5 h.
6. The high-strength castable for salt bath quenching furnace according to claim 2, wherein the Al is2O3The grain diameter of the micro powder is less than or equal to 0.043 mm.
7. The high-strength castable for the salt bath quenching furnace according to claim 1, wherein the mullite is prepared from mullite having a grain size of more than 5mm and not more than 8mm, mullite having a grain size of more than 3mm and not more than 5mm, mullite having a grain size of more than 1mm and not more than 3mm and mullite having a grain size of not more than 0.074mm in a mass ratio of (1-2): (1.5-2.5): (1-2): (2.5-3).
8. The high-strength castable for the salt bath quenching furnace according to claim 1, wherein the corundum is prepared from corundum with a grain size of 1mm or more and 3mm or less and corundum with a grain size of 0.074mm or less in a mass ratio of (0.5-1.5): 1.
9. The high-strength castable for the salt bath quenching furnace according to claim 1, wherein the grain size of the SiC fine powder is 5-15 μm.
10. The high-strength castable for salt bath quenching furnaces according to claim 1, wherein the solid content of the silica sol is 20-30%.
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