CN114654765A - Blade forming method and blade - Google Patents
Blade forming method and blade Download PDFInfo
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- CN114654765A CN114654765A CN202011557292.0A CN202011557292A CN114654765A CN 114654765 A CN114654765 A CN 114654765A CN 202011557292 A CN202011557292 A CN 202011557292A CN 114654765 A CN114654765 A CN 114654765A
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- resin system
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- dicyclopentadiene
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- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/30—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
- B29C70/36—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core and impregnating by casting, e.g. vacuum casting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/08—Blades for rotors, stators, fans, turbines or the like, e.g. screw propellers
- B29L2031/082—Blades, e.g. for helicopters
- B29L2031/085—Wind turbine blades
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a blade forming method and a blade, wherein the forming method comprises the following steps: paving a paving layer material on a mould, wherein the mould is communicated with a vacuumizing device; laying a vacuum infusion system on the layer material, wherein the vacuum infusion system comprises a rubber inlet pipe provided with a second control valve; vacuumizing the mould and maintaining the pressure; opening a second control valve, and injecting the dicyclopentadiene resin system into a vacuum infusion system; and heating the mould to a first temperature for a first time period to perform curing treatment on the dicyclopentadiene resin system poured in the mould, wherein the value range of the first temperature is 70-90 ℃, and the value range of the first time period is 2-4 hours. According to the invention, the dicyclopentadiene resin system with low viscosity at room temperature is adopted to perform infusion molding on the shell, the web or the beam cap of the blade, post-curing is not required after infusion molding, the infusion time and the curing time of the blade can be shortened, the production efficiency of the blade is improved, and the material cost of the blade can be reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wind power generation, in particular to a blade forming method and a blade.
Background
At present, the shell of the wind generating set blade is mainly formed by pouring a glass fiber fabric into a two-component epoxy resin system and performing vacuum pressurization curing. The epoxy resin is a polymer containing more than two epoxy groups on the molecule, and is usually prepared by condensation polymerization of bisphenol A, epichlorohydrin, polyhydric alcohol and the like. The epoxy resin system for blade infusion comprises main epoxy resin and amine curing agent. The viscosity of the epoxy resin is about 200CPS-300CPS at room temperature, so that the pouring time of a part with large thickness is long, and the pouring time is generally 1.5-2 hours or even longer. The post-curing period of the epoxy resin system is 6-7 hours at 70 ℃, the time for filling and curing one blade by using the epoxy resin to occupy a die is generally 24-48 hours, and the production efficiency of the blade is seriously restricted.
In recent years, the cost of an epoxy resin system for blade potting has increased significantly with the increasing price of epichlorohydrin, which is a raw material of a matrix epoxy resin. How to reasonably reduce and control the cost of the blades through a technical means to ensure that the wind power generation is healthily and stably developed becomes an urgent problem to be solved in the industry.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a blade forming method and a blade.
In one aspect, the present invention provides a method for forming a blade, including: paving a paving layer material on a mould, wherein the mould is communicated with a vacuumizing device; laying a vacuum infusion system on the layer material, wherein the vacuum infusion system comprises a rubber inlet pipe provided with a first control valve; vacuumizing the mould and maintaining the pressure; opening a first control valve, and injecting the dicyclopentadiene resin system into a vacuum infusion system through a rubber inlet pipe; and heating the mould to a first temperature for a first time period to perform curing treatment on the dicyclopentadiene resin system poured in the mould, wherein the value range of the first temperature is 70-90 ℃, and the value range of the first time period is 2-4 hours.
According to an aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, the curing the dicyclopentadiene resin system poured in the mold further comprises: covering a heat preservation device on the mold before the mold is heated to a preset temperature; and removing the heat preservation device after the temperature of the die reaches a preset temperature, wherein the preset temperature is 50 +/-5 ℃; and/or covering a heat preservation device on the mould after the exothermic peak of the dicyclopentadiene resin system after curing reaction.
According to an aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, before injecting the dicyclopentadiene resin system into the vacuum infusion system, the method for molding a blade further comprises: and carrying out dehumidification treatment on the interior of the vacuum perfusion system.
According to an aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, dehumidifying an inside of a vacuum infusion system includes: when the paving layer material is laid on the mold, the mold is preheated to a second temperature, the preheating time is a second time, the value range of the second temperature is 30-50 ℃, and the value range of the second time is 2-3 hours; the vacuumizing equipment further comprises an exhaust pipe provided with a second control valve, the exhaust pipe is communicated with the mould, the second control valve is opened, the vacuum degree of the mould is kept within a vacuum threshold value, so that moisture in the mould is gasified and overflows, and the value range of the vacuum threshold value is 5 mbar-20 mbar.
According to an aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, dehumidifying the inside of the vacuum infusion system further comprises: after maintaining the pressure of the mold, covering a heat preservation device on the mold; closing the second control valve, and communicating the rubber inlet pipe with the vacuumizing equipment; opening the first control valve to remove the gas in the glue inlet pipe; and opening the second control valve, closing the first control valve at the same time, and communicating the rubber inlet pipe with the vacuum perfusion system.
According to an aspect of an embodiment of the invention, before the layup material is laid on the mould, the method of forming the blade further comprises: and drying the layer-spread material in advance by using an oven.
According to one aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a system for laying down a vacuum infusion on a layup material comprises: and the layer spreading material is sequentially paved with demolding cloth, an isolating film, a flow guide net and a flow guide pipe, and covered with the vacuum bag film, and the rubber inlet pipe extends into the vacuum bag film and is communicated with the flow guide pipe.
According to an aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, before injecting the dicyclopentadiene resin system into the vacuum infusion system, the method for molding a blade further comprises: the humidity inside the vacuum infusion system is detected.
According to an aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, detecting the humidity inside the vacuum infusion system comprises: a plurality of humidity detection test paper are placed between the vacuum bag film and the layering material at intervals along the chord direction and the unfolding direction of the mould; and judging whether the humidity of the mold meets the requirement or not according to the color of the humidity detection test paper.
According to an aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, the opening the first control valve to inject the dicyclopentadiene resin system into the vacuum infusion system comprises: communicating the rubber inlet pipe with a rubber injection port of the mold; respectively carrying out independent defoaming on the two-component resin of a dicyclopentadiene resin system and then automatically mixing, wherein the two-component resin comprises dicyclopentadiene resin and an initiator; and opening a first control valve, and controlling the dicyclopentadiene resin system with a preset flow rate to be injected into the vacuum infusion system at a preset temperature.
According to one aspect of the embodiment of the invention, a pressure sensor is further arranged on one side of the glue injection port of the mold, and the glue injection speed of the dicyclopentadiene resin system is adjusted according to the glue injection pressure of the glue injection port measured by the pressure sensor.
According to one aspect of an embodiment of the invention, a ply material comprises a multiaxial reinforcement material comprising: at least one of a glass fiber fabric, a carbon-glass fiber hybrid fabric, a basalt fiber fabric, an aramid fiber fabric, a natural fiber fabric.
According to one aspect of an embodiment of the invention, the multiaxial reinforcement material is laid down layer by layer in the form of a preform on a mold.
According to one aspect of an embodiment of the invention, the ply material comprises a core material comprising at least one of HPE foam, PVC foam, PET foam, fiberglass puncture reinforced foam, the core material having a density in the range of 100kg/m3～400kg/m3。
According to one aspect of an embodiment of the invention, the density of the core material corresponding to the position of the root of the blade is in the range of 150kg/m3～350kg/m3(ii) a The density range of the core material corresponding to the middle position is 130kg/m3～180kg/m3(ii) a Density of core material corresponding to blade tip positionIn the range of 80kg/m3～130kg/m3。
According to one aspect of an embodiment of the invention, the ply material comprises a half preform, the core of which comprises a density in the range of 150kg/m3～350kg/m3Of a PET or PEN foam having a density in the range of 100kg/m3～400kg/m3PVC foam of density in the range of 150kg/m3～400kg/m3And is infused with at least one of a polyurethane resin system, an epoxy resin system, a dicyclopentadiene resin system, an unsaturated polyester resin system, and an acrylic resin system; or the core material of the semi-prefabricated member comprises balsa wood and is formed by pouring at least one of an epoxy resin system, an unsaturated polyester resin system or an acrylic resin system; or the semi-prefabricated member is made of a resin system reinforced glass fiber composite material and is formed by pouring at least one of polyurethane, an epoxy resin system, a dicyclopentadiene resin system, an acrylic resin system, an unsaturated polyester resin system and a vinyl epoxy resin system.
According to an aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, the paving material further includes a pultruded panel, a thickness of the pultruded panel ranges from 0.1mm to 10mm, a width of the pultruded panel ranges from 10mm to 200mm, a material of the pultruded panel includes fibers of different modulus grades and pultruded resin, the fibers include at least one of glass fibers, carbon-glass fiber hybrid fibers, and basalt fibers, and the pultruded resin includes at least one of a polyurethane resin system, an epoxy resin system, a dicyclopentadiene resin system, an unsaturated polyester system, a vinyl epoxy resin system, and an acrylic resin system.
In another aspect, the invention also provides a blade, which is manufactured by the blade forming method.
According to the blade forming method and the blade, the dicyclopentadiene resin system is adopted for pouring and forming, the viscosity of the dicyclopentadiene resin at room temperature is low, post-curing is not needed after pouring and forming, the pouring time and the curing time of the blade can be shortened by about 4-6 hours, the production efficiency of the blade is improved, compared with common epoxy resin, the dicyclopentadiene resin is low in price by 20-30%, and the material cost of the blade is greatly reduced.
Drawings
Features, advantages and technical effects of exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, like parts are provided with like reference numerals. The figures are not drawn to scale.
FIG. 1 illustrates a block flow diagram of a method of forming a blade according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 shows a schematic view of a scenario for manufacturing a blade according to the method for forming a blade shown in fig. 1.
Description of reference numerals:
1-glue injection equipment; 11-rubber inlet pipe; 12-a first control valve; a PS-pressure sensor; 2-vacuum pumping equipment; 21-an exhaust tube; 22-a second control valve; m-vacuum infusion system.
Detailed Description
Features and exemplary embodiments of various aspects of the present invention will be described in detail below. In the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without some of these specific details. The following description of the embodiments is merely intended to provide a better understanding of the present invention through examples thereof. In the drawings and the following description, at least some well-known structures and techniques have not been shown in detail in order to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the present invention; also, the dimensions of some of the structures may be exaggerated for clarity. Furthermore, the described features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.
The following description is given with reference to the orientation words as shown in the drawings, and is not intended to limit the specific structure of the present invention. In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted" and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, e.g., as being either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood as appropriate to those of ordinary skill in the art.
Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2 together, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for forming a blade, including:
step S1: paving a paving layer material on the mould, and communicating the mould with vacuum-pumping equipment. Alternatively, the blade may comprise a shell, spar and web, the ply material comprising reinforcement material, core material, semi-preforms, pultruded panels and vacuum assist material, or the like. The mould can be used for manufacturing a windward half shell and a leeward half shell, and can also be used for manufacturing the whole blade shell which is integrally formed at one time.
Step S2: and laying a vacuum infusion system M on the layer material, wherein the vacuum infusion system M comprises a rubber inlet pipe 11 provided with a first control valve 12.
Step S3: and vacuumizing and maintaining the pressure of the vacuum perfusion system M. The vacuum pumping equipment reduces the vacuum degree in the vacuum perfusion system M to be within a vacuum threshold value through a compressor and a pipeline system, and simultaneously, the vacuum perfusion system M is continuously kept in a vacuum state in the vacuum perfusion process.
Step S4: the first control valve 12 is opened, and the dicyclopentadiene resin system is injected into the vacuum infusion system M through the rubber inlet pipe 11.
Step S5: and heating the mould to a first temperature for a first time period to perform curing treatment on the dicyclopentadiene resin system injected into the vacuum infusion system M, wherein the value range of the first temperature is 70-90 degrees, and the value range of the first time period is 2-4 hours.
In the embodiment of the invention, the resin system refers to that besides raw material resin, the resin system also comprises various additives such as an initiator, a filler and the like for improving the comprehensive performance of the resin. For example, the starting material in a dicyclopentadiene (DCPD) system is a dicyclopentadiene resin, which is a dimer of Cyclopentadiene (CPD) produced by a Diels-Alder reaction. At present, the method of combining thermal dimerization with azeotropic distillation or solvent extraction distillation, i.e. utilizing the characteristic that cyclopentadiene is easily dimerized compared with other C5 fractions, the cyclopentadiene is dimerized into dicyclopentadiene (DCPD), and then utilizing the characteristic that dicyclopentadiene has a boiling point significantly higher than that of other C5 hydrocarbons, dicyclopentadiene is separated from C5 fractions by distillation, is widely used in industry. Dicyclopentadiene resin is gradually applied to the field of wind power because of its high mechanical properties, chemical corrosion resistance and environmental corrosion resistance.
The viscosity of the dicyclopentadiene resin is about 10 CPS-50 CPS at room temperature, and is smaller than the viscosity of the epoxy resin of 300CPS, and the flow rate is higher during pouring, so that the pouring time of the blade can be shortened by about 1-2 hours. The dicyclopentadiene resin is not required to be post-cured after being poured and formed, the curing time is short, and the curing time can be shortened by 3-4 hours compared with that of epoxy resin. In addition, the material cost of the dicyclopentadiene resin is 20% -30% lower than that of the epoxy resin, the cost of the ten-thousand yuan RMB can be saved for each blade, and the manufacturing cost of the blade is greatly reduced.
According to the blade forming method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the blade is formed by injecting a dicyclopentadiene resin system. Because the viscosity of the dicyclopentadiene resin is low at room temperature, and post-curing is not needed after infusion molding, the infusion time and the curing time of the blade can be shortened by about 4-6 hours, the production efficiency of the blade is improved, the dicyclopentadiene resin is 20% -30% cheaper than common epoxy resin, and the material cost of the blade is greatly reduced.
Further, in step S5, the curing the dicyclopentadiene resin system injected into the vacuum infusion system M further includes: before the mould is heated to a preset temperature, covering a heat preservation device on the mould, wherein the preset temperature is 50 +/-5 ℃, and removing the heat preservation device after the temperature of the mould reaches the preset temperature. In addition, after the exothermic peak after the curing reaction of the dicyclopentadiene resin system, a heat preservation device is covered on the mould. The heat preservation device can be heat preservation cotton, and in the curing process, the heat preservation cotton is prevented from covering the glue injection port of the mold and the glue inlet pipe 11.
Further, before injecting the dicyclopentadiene resin system into the vacuum infusion system M, the method further comprises:
step S0: and carrying out dehumidification treatment on the inside of the vacuum perfusion system M. Dicyclopentadiene has certain moisture absorption performance, is easy to absorb water and foam, and needs to be subjected to dehumidification treatment inside the vacuum infusion system M before infusion.
Specifically, the dehumidification of the interior of the vacuum infusion system M includes:
step S01: when the paving layer material is laid on the die, the die is preheated to a second temperature, the preheating time is a second time, the value range of the second temperature is 30-50 ℃, and the value range of the second time is 2-3 hours.
Step S02: the vacuumizing equipment 2 further comprises an exhaust pipe 21 provided with a second control valve 22, the exhaust pipe 21 is communicated with the mold, the second control valve 22 is opened, the vacuum degree of the vacuum perfusion system M is kept within a vacuum threshold value, so that moisture in the vacuum perfusion system M is gasified and overflows, and the value range of the vacuum threshold value is 5 mbar-20 mbar.
Because the boiling point of the water is greatly reduced under the condition of lower vacuum degree, the gasification and overflow of the water can be accelerated, so the vacuum degree, the material temperature and the initial water content of the raw material are main parameters influencing the drying process. In this embodiment, the first control valve 12 is opened, and the vacuum filling system M is vacuumized and pressure-maintained to keep the vacuum degree of the vacuum filling system M within the vacuum threshold; the mould may then be heated during the laying of the ply material, or may be preheated prior to laying of the ply material, to a temperature of, for example, 40 ℃ and held there for, for example, 3 hours. The temperature of the layering material is improved in a mode of preheating the mold, so that moisture carried by the layering material is evaporated, a relatively dry environment is kept inside the vacuum infusion system M, and a good molding environment is provided for infusion of a dicyclopentadiene resin system.
Further, in step S0, the dehumidifying process performed on the inside of the vacuum infusion system M further includes:
step S03: after the mould is subjected to vacuum pressure maintaining, covering a heat preservation device on the mould;
step S04: closing the second control valve 22 and communicating the rubber inlet pipe 11 with the vacuumizing equipment 2;
step S05: opening the first control valve 12 to remove the gas in the rubber inlet pipe 11;
step S06: the second control valve 22 is opened, and the first control valve 12 is closed, so that the rubber inlet pipe 11 is communicated with the vacuum perfusion system M.
Since moisture is vaporized and overflows in the form of steam during the forward vacuum-pumping process by the vacuum-pumping device 2 in step S3, a part of the steam enters the hose inlet 11. In this embodiment, one end of the rubber inlet pipe 11 communicated with the rubber injection device 1 is detached from the rubber injection device 1, and then is communicated with the vacuum pumping device 2, the water vapor entering the rubber inlet pipe 11 is reversely pumped by the vacuum pumping device 2, and the dehumidifying function of the vacuum pumping device 2 can further dehumidify the inside of the vacuum infusion system M.
In order to improve the dehumidifying efficiency, before step S1, i.e., before the reinforcing material is laid on the mold, the method further includes: the reinforcing material is dried in advance.
Before pouring, various paving materials are preheated by using an oven, for example, at the temperature of 85-120 ℃ for 0.5-5 hours according to the water content of the paving materials. After the spreading material is dried, the temperature is naturally reduced to the room temperature, and then the spreading material is spread in a mould. Therefore, the dehumidification time can be shortened, and the blade forming efficiency is improved.
Further, in step S2, the laying down the vacuum infusion system M on the ply material includes:
step S21: and the layer material is sequentially paved with demoulding cloth, an isolating film, a flow guide net and a flow guide pipe, and covered with a vacuum bag film, and the rubber inlet pipe 11 extends into the vacuum bag film and is communicated with the flow guide pipe.
In order to further reduce the influence of moisture on the dicyclopentadiene resin system, a material with low moisture content or difficult moisture absorption can be used in one layer of vacuum membrane to replace a material with high moisture content or easy moisture absorption wholly or partially. High moisture content or moisture absorbing materials include high moisture content or moisture absorbing materials such as but not limited to Balsa wood (Balsa), spray glue, airfelt, nylon release fabric, paper tape, and the like. Optionally, polyester demolding cloth is adopted to replace nylon demolding cloth, and the demolding cloth can be dried before use; alternatively, bassa (Balsa) is replaced with PET foam or the like.
Further, before step S4, before injecting the dicyclopentadiene resin system into the vacuum infusion system M, the method further includes: the humidity inside the vacuum infusion system M is detected.
Specifically, detecting the humidity inside the vacuum infusion system M includes:
step S31: and a plurality of humidity detection test paper are arranged between the vacuum bag film and the layering material at intervals along the chord direction and the unfolding direction of the mould. Optionally, one piece of humidity detection test paper is placed below the vacuum bag film and above the layering material every 3-8 m in the chord direction and the unfolding direction of the mold, and the placing position should be as far away from the glue injection port, the glue inlet pipe 11, the air extraction port and the like of the mold as possible.
Step S32: and judging whether the humidity of the vacuum infusion system M meets the requirement or not according to the color of the humidity detection test paper.
After the vacuum infusion system M is dehumidified, the drying effect can be judged according to the color of the humidity detection test paper under the general requirement. For example, if some of the test strips appear blue in color, it is indicated that the mold is being dehumidified here well. If some test strips are red or off-white, the test strips need to be measured and recorded, and the materials are dried separately if necessary, so that the humidity inside the vacuum infusion system M can meet the use requirement.
Further, in step S4, when the humidity inside the vacuum injection system M satisfies the requirement, the first control valve 12 is opened to inject the dicyclopentadiene resin system into the vacuum injection system M, including:
step S41: communicating the rubber inlet pipe 11 with a rubber injection port of the mold;
step S42: respectively carrying out independent defoaming on the two-component resin of a dicyclopentadiene resin system and then mixing, wherein the two-component resin system comprises dicyclopentadiene resin and an initiator;
step S43: the first control valve 12 is opened, and the dicyclopentadiene resin system with a predetermined flow rate is injected into the vacuum infusion system M through the rubber inlet pipe 11 at a predetermined temperature.
As an optional implementation manner, the two-component resin is automatically injected into the vacuum injection system M through an online injection process of the injection device 1. The on-line pouring process refers to a mode of directly connecting the glue injection equipment with a glue injection port of the mold and directly outputting resin for pouring. The bicomponent resin comprises dicyclopentadiene resin and an initiator, and the weight ratio of the mixture ratio is 100: 84 +/-2. The glue injection equipment 1 can independently stir and defoam the two-component resin respectively and then automatically mix the two-component resin, and inputs the resin into the vacuum infusion system M through a fixed pipeline according to a certain pressure, so that no bubble exists in the resin and the temperature in the resin is controllable.
The dicyclopentadiene resin is poured into a closed space between the vacuum bag film and the mold through the rubber inlet pipe 11, after the resin is cured, a part of the resin is formed on the inner side of the demolding cloth, and a part of the resin is formed on the outer side of the demolding cloth, so that the demolding cloth can be stripped to remove the resin, the flow guide net and other auxiliary materials outside the demolding cloth, and the resin on the inner side of the demolding cloth is reserved.
In step S42, the two-component resin of the dicyclopentadiene resin system is subjected to the process of defoaming separately and then mixing, so that the temperature rise of the resin caused by defoaming after mixing in the prior art is avoided, the bubbles caused by repeatedly pouring the resin are reduced, the defoaming quality and the resin temperature of the resin can be better controlled, the service life of the resin is prolonged, the process problem of whitening of the surface of the blade shell caused by the resin bubbles is reduced, and the filling quality is improved.
In addition, in the process of pouring, the resin flow can be adjusted according to the requirement of the blades on the resin amount, the temperature of the resin at the discharge port can be monitored and further controlled through the temperature sensor, the problem that the temperature of the traditional epoxy resin is obviously raised in the process of pouring is solved, and meanwhile, the influence of the resin temperature on the weight of the blades is solved.
Optionally, a pressure sensor PS is further disposed on one side of the glue injection port of the mold, and the glue injection speed of the dicyclopentadiene resin system is adjusted according to the glue injection pressure of the glue injection port measured by the pressure sensor PS. The pressure sensor PS can monitor and feed back the glue injection pressure of the glue injection port in real time, and the glue injection speed of the resin material in the vacuum injection system M is indirectly controlled by dynamically adjusting the pressure of the glue inlet pipe 11, so that the injection effectiveness is ensured.
As an optional implementation mode, glue is injected in a manual or semi-manual glue supplying mode. Specifically, two-component resin is placed in a glue barrel, a cover is sealed and fitted to the glue barrel, and the two-component resin of the dicyclopentadiene resin system is stirred, defoamed and stored in advance. And the glue barrel is communicated with a glue injection opening of the mould through a glue inlet pipe 11. The second control valve 22 is opened to inject the dicyclopentadiene resin system into the vacuum infusion system M.
Further, the blade comprises any one of a shell, a web, a spar cap, the ply material as described above comprising a multi-axial reinforcement material comprising: at least one of a glass fiber fabric, a carbon-glass fiber hybrid fabric, a basalt fiber fabric, an aramid fiber fabric, a natural fiber fabric.
Wherein the carbon fiber fabric comprises a grammage of 100g/m2～2000g/m2The uniaxial, biaxial and multiaxial fabrics of (1); the carbon-glass fiber hybrid fabric comprises an intralayer hybrid fabric and an interlaminar hybrid fabric, and the gram weight is 100g/m2～2000g/m2The mixing proportion of the carbon fiber is 1 to 99 percent; the basalt fiber fabric comprises a gram weight of 100g/m2～2000g/m2The uniaxial, biaxial and multiaxial fabrics of (1); the aramid fiber fabric comprises 100g/m of gram weight2～2000g/m2The uniaxial, biaxial and multiaxial fabrics of (1); the natural fiber fabric comprises a grammage of 100g/m2～2000g/m2Monoaxial, biaxial and multiaxial fabrics, such as linen and the like.
Further, the multiaxial reinforcing material is laid layer by layer in the form of a preform on the mould. The reinforcing material is made into a preformed body in advance, then the preformed body is laid on a mould according to a certain sequence, or the reinforcing material can be directly made into a suit cutting, and the reinforcing material is laid layer by layer according to the design laying requirement.
Further, the ply material further comprises a core material, the core material comprises at least one of HPE (high chlorinated Polyethylene) foam, PVC (vinyl chloride polymer) foam, PET (Polyethylene terephthalate) foam, PEN (Polyethylene naphthalate) foam, PU (polyurethane) foam and glass fiber penetration reinforcement foam, and the density of the core material is 100kg/m3～400kg/m3。
Further, the density range of the core material corresponding to the position of the blade root of the blade is 150kg/m3～350kg/m3(ii) a The density range of the core material corresponding to the middle position is 120kg/m3～180kg/m3(ii) a The density range of the core material corresponding to the blade tip position is 60kg/m3～130kg/m3. The root of the blade can adopt the chemical foam core material, so that the problem that the conventional Balsa (Balsa) with the water content of 8-12% cannot be used due to the fact that dicyclopentadiene resin is easy to absorb water and foam is solved, the dependence of the wind power blade on the Balsa is eliminated, and the problems of inconsistent density, unstable performance and the like of the Balsa are solved.
Further, the ply material also comprises a semi-preform. Optionally, the core of the semi-preform comprises balsa wood, having a density in the range of 150kg/m3～350kg/m3In the range of 100kg/m of PET foam3～400kg/m3Of PVC or PEN foam having a density in the range of 150kg/m3～400kg/m3And infused with at least one of a polyurethane resin system, a dicyclopentadiene resin system, an epoxy resin system, an unsaturated polyester resin system, and an acrylic resin system. The semi-prefabricated member also comprises an upper panel and a lower panel which are clamped with core materials, wherein the upper panel and the lower panel can be formed by laying and pasting triaxial glass fiber cloth or uniaxial glass fiber cloth and biaxial glass fiber cloth. Alternatively, the semi-preform may be laid on the root of the mould.
Optionally, the core material of the semi-prefabricated member comprises balsa wood and is formed by injecting dicyclopentadiene through at least one of an epoxy resin system, a polyurethane resin system, a dicyclopentadiene unsaturated polyester resin system or an acrylic resin system and a dicyclopentadiene resin system;
optionally, the semi-preform is made of a glass fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material and is formed by pouring at least one of a polyurethane resin system, a dicyclopentadiene resin system, an epoxy resin system, an acrylic resin system, an unsaturated polyester resin system and a vinyl epoxy resin system.
Further, the layer material also comprises a pultrusion plate, and the pultrusion plate is used for forming the beam cap of the blade. The thickness of the pultruded plate ranges from 0.1mm to 10mm, the width of the pultruded plate ranges from 10mm to 200mm, the material of the pultruded plate comprises fibers with different modulus grades and pultruded resin, the fibers comprise at least one of glass fibers, carbon-glass fiber hybrid fibers and basalt fibers, and the pultruded resin comprises at least one of an epoxy resin system, a dicyclopentadiene resin system, a polyurethane resin system, an unsaturated polyester system, a vinyl epoxy resin system and an acrylic resin system.
In addition, the embodiment of the invention also provides a blade, and the blade is manufactured by adopting the forming method of the blade.
While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, various modifications may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention. In particular, the technical features mentioned in the embodiments can be combined in any way as long as there is no structural conflict. It is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiments disclosed, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (18)
1. A method of forming a blade, comprising:
paving a layer laying material on a mould, wherein the mould is communicated with a vacuum-pumping device;
laying a vacuum infusion system on the layer material, wherein the vacuum infusion system comprises a rubber inlet pipe provided with a first control valve;
vacuumizing the mould and maintaining the pressure;
opening the first control valve, and injecting a dicyclopentadiene resin system into the vacuum infusion system through the rubber inlet pipe;
and heating the mold to a first temperature, wherein the heating time is the first time, so as to carry out curing treatment on the dicyclopentadiene resin system injected into the mold, the value range of the first temperature is 70-90 ℃, and the value range of the first time is 2-4 hours.
2. The molding method according to claim 1, wherein the curing treatment of the dicyclopentadiene resin system injected in the mold further comprises:
covering a heat preservation device on the mold before the mold is heated to a preset temperature; and
removing the heat preservation device after the temperature of the die reaches the preset temperature, wherein the preset temperature is 50 +/-5 ℃;
and/or covering a heat preservation device on the mould after an exothermic peak after the curing reaction of the dicyclopentadiene resin system.
3. The molding method according to claim 1, further comprising, prior to injecting the dicyclopentadiene resin system into the vacuum infusion system:
and carrying out dehumidification treatment on the interior of the vacuum perfusion system.
4. The molding method according to claim 3, wherein said dehumidifying the interior of said vacuum infusion system comprises:
when a paving material is laid on a mould, preheating the mould to a second temperature, wherein the preheating time is a second time, the value range of the second temperature is 30-50 ℃, and the value range of the second time is 2-3 hours;
the vacuumizing equipment further comprises an exhaust pipe provided with a second control valve, the exhaust pipe is communicated with the mold, the second control valve is opened, the vacuum degree of the vacuum perfusion system is kept within a vacuum threshold value, so that moisture in the vacuum perfusion system is gasified and overflows, and the value range of the vacuum threshold value is 5-20 mbar.
5. The molding method according to claim 4, wherein the dehumidifying process of the inside of the vacuum infusion system further comprises:
covering a heat preservation device on the mould after the vacuum pressure maintaining of the vacuum perfusion system;
closing the second control valve, and communicating the rubber inlet pipe with the vacuumizing equipment;
opening the first control valve to remove gas in the glue inlet pipe;
and opening the second control valve, closing the first control valve at the same time, and communicating the rubber inlet pipe with the vacuum perfusion system.
6. The molding method according to claim 1, further comprising, before the laying of the ply material on the mold:
and drying the layering material in advance.
7. The molding method of claim 3, wherein laying a vacuum infusion system on the layup material comprises:
laying demoulding cloth, an isolating membrane, a flow guide net and a flow guide pipe on the layer laying material in sequence, covering the vacuum bag membrane, and enabling the rubber inlet pipe to stretch into the interior of the vacuum bag membrane and be communicated with the flow guide pipe.
8. The molding method of claim 7, further comprising, prior to injecting the dicyclopentadiene resin system into the vacuum infusion system:
detecting a humidity inside the vacuum infusion system.
9. The molding method according to claim 8, wherein said detecting humidity inside said vacuum infusion system comprises:
a plurality of humidity detection test paper are placed between the vacuum bag film and the layering material at intervals along the chord direction and the span direction of the mould;
and judging whether the humidity of the vacuum infusion system meets the requirement or not according to the color of the humidity detection test paper.
10. The molding method according to claim 1, wherein said opening the first control valve to inject the dicyclopentadiene resin system into the vacuum infusion system comprises:
communicating the rubber inlet pipe with a rubber injection port of the mold;
respectively carrying out independent defoaming on the two-component resin of the dicyclopentadiene resin system and then mixing, wherein the two-component resin comprises dicyclopentadiene resin and an initiator;
and opening the first control valve, and controlling the dicyclopentadiene resin system with a preset flow rate to be injected into the vacuum infusion system at a preset temperature.
11. The molding method as claimed in claim 10, wherein a pressure sensor is further disposed on one side of the glue injection port of the mold, and the glue injection speed of the dicyclopentadiene resin system is adjusted according to the glue injection pressure of the glue injection port measured by the pressure sensor.
12. The molding method of claim 1 wherein the ply material comprises a multiaxial reinforcement material comprising: at least one of a glass fiber fabric, a carbon-glass fiber hybrid fabric, a basalt fiber fabric, an aramid fiber fabric, a natural fiber fabric.
13. The molding process according to claim 12, wherein the multiaxial reinforcing material is laid layer by layer in the form of a preform on the mold.
14. The molding method of claim 1 wherein the lay-up material comprises a core material comprising at least one of HPE foam, PVC foam, PET foam, PEN foam, PU foam, fiberglass puncture reinforced foam, the core material having a density in the range of 60kg/m3～400kg/m3。
15. The molding method according to claim 14, wherein the density of the core material corresponding to the position of the root of the blade is in a range of 150kg/m3～350kg/m3(ii) a The density range of the core material corresponding to the middle position is 120kg/m3～180kg/m3(ii) a The density range of the core material corresponding to the blade tip position is 60kg/m3～130kg/m3。
16. The molding method of claim 1, wherein the ply material comprises a half preform having a core material comprising a density in the range of 150kg/m3～350kg/m3In the range of 100kg/m of PET foam3～400kg/m3Of PVC or PEN foam having a density in the range of 150kg/m3～400kg/m3And is infused with at least one of a polyurethane resin system, an epoxy resin system, a dicyclopentadiene resin system, an unsaturated polyester resin system, and an acrylic resin system;
or the core material of the semi-prefabricated member comprises balsa wood and is formed by pouring at least one of an epoxy resin system, an unsaturated polyester resin system, a dicyclopentadiene resin system and an acrylic resin system;
or the semi-prefabricated member is made of a resin system reinforced glass fiber composite material and is formed by pouring at least one of a polyurethane resin system, an epoxy resin system, a dicyclopentadiene resin system, an acrylic resin system, an unsaturated polyester resin system and a vinyl epoxy resin system.
17. The method of forming as claimed in claim 1, wherein the layup material further includes a pultruded panel having a thickness in the range of 0.1mm to 10mm and a width in the range of 10mm to 200mm, the pultruded panel being made of a material including fibers of different modulus grades including at least one of glass fibers, carbon-glass hybrid fibers, and basalt fibers, and a pultruded resin including at least one of a polyurethane resin system, an epoxy resin system, a dicyclopentadiene resin system, an unsaturated polyester system, a vinyl epoxy resin system, and an acrylic resin system.
18. A blade, characterized in that it is manufactured by the method of forming a blade according to any of claims 1 to 17.
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| CN202011557292.0A CN114654765A (en) | 2020-12-24 | 2020-12-24 | Blade forming method and blade |
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