CN114654722A - 一种辅助加热与随动压实的连续纤维缠绕增材制造方法 - Google Patents

一种辅助加热与随动压实的连续纤维缠绕增材制造方法 Download PDF

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CN114654722A
CN114654722A CN202011550468.XA CN202011550468A CN114654722A CN 114654722 A CN114654722 A CN 114654722A CN 202011550468 A CN202011550468 A CN 202011550468A CN 114654722 A CN114654722 A CN 114654722A
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auxiliary heating
compaction
printing
additive manufacturing
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单忠德
邹爱玲
王绍宗
刘晓军
王敏
俢经纬
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Inner Mongolia Power Machinery Research Institute
Beijing National Innovation Institute of Lightweight Ltd
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Beijing National Innovation Institute of Lightweight Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种辅助加热与随动压实的连续纤维缠绕增材制造方法，属于复合材料和增材制造的交叉领域，解决回转体结构的连续纤维缠绕增材制造过程中复合材料层间结合性能差的问题。本发明提出一种辅助加热与随动压实的连续纤维缠绕增材制造方法，针对回转体结构在复合丝材经打印成形复合材料构件过程增加辅助加热与随动压实，实现对待打印区进行辅助加热和对已打印区进行层间压实，提高复合材料层间结合效果。该发明，可进一步提升回转体结构复合材料构件的成形精度及层间力学性能。

Description

一种辅助加热与随动压实的连续纤维缠绕增材制造方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种辅助加热与随动压实的连续纤维缠绕增材制造方法，属于复合材料与增材制造的交叉技术领域。
背景技术
连续纤维增材制造(CFAM)是将连续纤维增强树脂基复合丝材由增材制造装备进行逐层打印，通过调控打印速度、温度、打印间距、层厚等工艺参数，制造成形复合材料构件，具有工艺流程短、工序简单、节能绿色等优势，可广泛应用于复合材料复杂构件的成形。回转体结构的连续纤维增材制造可采用由内到外的缠绕方式进行逐层打印成形，由于回转体结构表面存在凹凸、规则与不规则等结构形式，在逐层打印成形过程中熔融丝材与模具表面及已打印层表面接触不足时易出现间隙或层间结合效果差等问题，直接影响了构件的成形精度与性能。
发明内容
本发明依据回转体结构复合材料构件的性能要求，通过辅助加热与随动压实方式，提高熔融复合丝材与缠绕模具、已打印层表面的结合效果，进而提高复合材料构件的成形精度和层间性能，实现回转体结构复合材料构件的高质量成形，推动连续纤维增制造技术的高质量发展。
本发明的目的是
为实现上述目的，本发明采用以下技术方案予以实现：
一种辅助加热与随动压实的连续纤维缠绕增材制造方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
①对回转体缠绕模具模型进行分析，依据模型进行缠绕角度、层厚、打印间距、转动速度等参数的设计，获得打印路径；
②加热打印喷头至连续纤维复合丝材的打印温度，加热缠绕模具至预热温度；
③驱动电机带动芯轴及模具进行旋转；
④打印喷头根据打印路径进行缠绕打印；
⑤控制并保持辅助加热与随动压实机构的转动角度与打印方向一致，直至一层打印结束；
⑥调整辅助加热与随动压实机构角度，进行下一层打印；
⑦循环④、⑤和⑥直至打印结束。
进一步地，步骤①所述的缠绕模具模型在建模软件中绘制并简化。
进一步地，步骤②的连续纤维复合丝材的打印温度为复合丝材树脂基的熔融温度。
进一步地，步骤②的缠绕模具的预热温度可调，确保熔融复合丝材与已打印区的结合。
进一步地，步骤⑤所述辅助加热与随动压实机构，由辅助加热模块与随动压实模块组成，与打印喷头一并由多轴运动机构进行运动控制。
进一步地，步骤⑤所述辅助加热与随动压实机构，其辅助加热模块，对待打印区进行加热。
进一步地，步骤⑤所述辅助加热与随动压实机构，其辅助加热模块可采用红外辐射、激光加热等方式。
进一步地，步骤⑤所述辅助加热与随动压实机构，其随动压实模块，跟随打印喷头对已打印区进行压实。
进一步地，步骤⑤所述辅助加热与随动压实机构，其压实模块可采用加热辊压、高频振动等方式。
进一步地，步骤⑥所述的连续纤维复合丝材，由碳纤维、芳纶纤维、尼龙纤维、玻璃纤维等高性能纤维与聚乳酸、聚酰胺、ABS、PA、PA66、聚苯硫醚、聚醚醚酮、聚醚酮酮、超高分子聚乙烯等热塑性树脂复合而成。
本发明的有益效果：
本发明通过辅助加热与随动压实方式，可解决对回转体复合材料构件缠绕增材制造过程由层间结合性能不足引起的开裂、分层等问题，可进一步提高复合材料构件的成形精度和层间性能，实现回转体结构复合材料构件的高质量成形。
附图说明
图1为本发明一种辅助加热与随动压实的连续纤维缠绕增材制造方法流程图；
图2为本发明一种辅助加热与随动压实的连续纤维缠绕增材制造方法结构示意图；
图3为本发明辅助加热与随动压实方法示意图。
附图标记
1—送丝系统 2—打印喷头 3—辅助加热模块 4—随动压实模块 5—缠绕模具 6—旋转平台
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本发明进行详细的说明。
实施例1：
本发明一种辅助加热与随动压实的连续纤维缠绕增材制造方法，具体步骤如下：
对回转体缠绕模具模型进行分析，模型为筒体，其直筒部分直径为
Figure BDA0002855820940000031
设计缠绕角度45°、层厚0.6mm-0.8mm、打印间距1mm-1.5mm、转动速度1r/min-5r/min等参数的设计，获得打印路径；
加热打印喷头对碳纤维与聚乳酸(PLA)的复合丝材进行加热，温度分别为190℃-230℃；对缠绕模具进行加热，温度分别为40℃-60℃；
根据转动速度，电机驱动芯轴带动模具进行旋转；多轴运动机构带动辅助加热机构、打印喷头和随动压实进行旋转，使其三者的位置排布与打印方向一致，便于实现先辅助加热、后打印、再压实的顺序运动过程；
红外辐射辅助加热机构对待打印区进行加热达到50℃-60℃，多轴运动机构带动打印喷头在模具基准面打印熔融复合丝材，随动压实机构采用加热辊对已打印区进行跟随压实，直至一层打印结束；
完成一层打印后调节随动压实与预热机构的角度，进行下一层打印，如此循环，直至复合材料构件打印完成。
上述实施例是对本发明的上述内容作进一步的说明，不应将此理解为本发明上述主体的范围仅限于上述实施例。凡基于上述内容所实现的技术均属于本发明的范围。

Claims (10)

1.一种辅助加热与随动压实的连续纤维缠绕增材制造方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
①对回转体缠绕模具模型进行分析，依据模型进行缠绕角度、层厚、打印间距、转动速度等参数的设计，获得打印路径；
②加热打印喷头至连续纤维复合丝材的打印温度，加热缠绕模具至预热温度；
③驱动电机带动芯轴及模具进行旋转；
④打印喷头根据打印路径进行缠绕打印；
⑤控制并保持辅助加热与随动压实机构的转动角度与打印方向一致，直至一层打印结束；
⑥调整辅助加热与随动压实机构角度，进行下一层打印；
⑦循环④、⑤和⑥直至打印结束。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种辅助加热与随动压实的连续纤维缠绕增材制造方法，其特征在于，步骤①所述的缠绕模具模型在建模软件中绘制并简化。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种辅助加热与随动压实的连续纤维缠绕增材制造方法，其特征在于，步骤②的连续纤维复合丝材的打印温度为复合丝材树脂基的熔融温度。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种辅助加热与随动压实的连续纤维缠绕增材制造方法，其特征在于，步骤②的缠绕模具的预热温度可调，确保熔融复合丝材与已打印区的结合。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种辅助加热与随动压实的连续纤维缠绕增材制造方法，其特征在于，步骤⑤所述辅助加热与随动压实机构，由辅助加热模块与随动压实模块组成，与打印喷头一并由多轴运动机构进行运动控制。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种辅助加热与随动压实的连续纤维缠绕增材制造方法，其特征在于，所述辅助加热模块，对待打印区进行加热。
7.根据权利要求6所述的一种辅助加热与随动压实的连续纤维缠绕增材制造方法，其特征在于，所述辅助加热模块可采用红外辐射、激光加热等方式。
8.根据权利要求5所述的一种辅助加热与随动压实的连续纤维缠绕增材制造方法，其特征在于，所述随动压实模块，跟随打印喷头对已打印区进行压实。
9.根据权利要求8所述的一种辅助加热与随动压实的连续纤维缠绕增材制造方法，其特征在于，所述随动压实模块可采用加热辊压、高频振动等方式。
10.根据权利要求1所述的一种辅助加热与随动压实的连续纤维缠绕增材制造方法，其特征在于，步骤②所述的连续纤维复合丝材，由碳纤维、芳纶纤维、尼龙纤维、玻璃纤维等高性能纤维与聚乳酸、聚酰胺、ABS、PA、PA66、聚苯硫醚、聚醚醚酮、聚醚酮酮、超高分子聚乙烯等热塑性树脂复合而成。
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116080062A (zh) * 2023-01-09 2023-05-09 南京航空航天大学 一种微波压实协同层间强化增材制造方法及装置
CN116160680A (zh) * 2023-01-09 2023-05-26 南京航空航天大学 一种等离子协同超声辅助增材制造装置及方法

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116080062A (zh) * 2023-01-09 2023-05-09 南京航空航天大学 一种微波压实协同层间强化增材制造方法及装置
CN116160680A (zh) * 2023-01-09 2023-05-26 南京航空航天大学 一种等离子协同超声辅助增材制造装置及方法

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