CN114654673A - Large-thickness spherical organic glass integral injection molding tool and molding method thereof - Google Patents
Large-thickness spherical organic glass integral injection molding tool and molding method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114654673A CN114654673A CN202210276047.5A CN202210276047A CN114654673A CN 114654673 A CN114654673 A CN 114654673A CN 202210276047 A CN202210276047 A CN 202210276047A CN 114654673 A CN114654673 A CN 114654673A
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- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 31
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013003 hot bending Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/17—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C45/26—Moulds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/17—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C45/72—Heating or cooling
- B29C45/73—Heating or cooling of the mould
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2033/00—Use of polymers of unsaturated acids or derivatives thereof as moulding material
- B29K2033/04—Polymers of esters
- B29K2033/12—Polymers of methacrylic acid esters, e.g. PMMA, i.e. polymethylmethacrylate
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/30—Vehicles, e.g. ships or aircraft, or body parts thereof
- B29L2031/3073—Submarines
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/50—Glass production, e.g. reusing waste heat during processing or shaping
- Y02P40/57—Improving the yield, e-g- reduction of reject rates
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a large-thickness spherical organic glass integral injection molding tool and a molding method thereof, which are used for building a manned cabin of a submersible. The method comprises the following steps: an outer die with an upward opening is fixedly placed in the carrier, and an inner die with an upward opening is sleeved in the outer die at intervals; the outer mold and the inner mold are both of spherical shell structures, and organic glass prepolymer is injected between the intervals of the outer mold and the inner mold; a sealing ring is arranged at the splicing part of the inner die and the outer die, and an upper cover with an air outlet hole is arranged at the top of the inner die and the outer die; flowing cooling water is filled between the outer die and the carrier and inside the inner die respectively. According to the invention, the tool is firstly installed from inside to outside, then cooling water is injected, and finally organic glass prepolymer is injected, and the whole is solidified in an integrated pouring mode, so that the whole injection molding of the large-thickness spherical organic glass is realized, the uniform wall thickness and the material physical property of the spherical shell are ensured by one-step molding, the whole molding of the full-permeable manned cabin of the large-depth manned submersible is greatly assisted, and the tool is simple, convenient and practical, convenient to disassemble and reuse and good in practicability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of manned submersibles, in particular to a large-thickness spherical organic glass integral injection molding tool and a molding method thereof.
Background
The full-through spherical manned cabin is an important component of the full-through manned submersible, is still a blank at home, and is rarely mentioned at foreign countries. The manned cabin of the manned submersible is a large-scale full-transparent pressure-resistant structure, so that the visual field of a driver can be greatly improved, the application of searching, investigation, detection, salvage, construction, tour and sightseeing and the like in a deep sea environment can be facilitated, and the manned cabin is one of the most important technical development directions of the current manned submersible.
The pressure-resistant structure of the fully-permeable spherical manned cabin is organic glass, and the organic glass cannot be welded with the organic glass due to the characteristics of the organic glass in strength, hardness, brittleness and the like. In the prior art, the main stream of the all-through manned cabin in the foreign market adopts a bonding form of combining a hemispherical crown shape with a pentagon, and the whole-sphere injection molding is the structural form with the highest safety.
In the prior art, the forming method of the organic glass mainly comprises two methods of hot bending forming and injection molding. The integral forming of the large-thickness organic glass spherical manned cabin at least has the following problems:
1) the existing hot bending forming method can only be applied to the hemispherical forming of a large opening, the forming requirement of the whole ball cannot be met, and the hot bending forming is equivalent to secondary forming and is influenced by high-temperature forming, and the physical properties of materials are easy to change;
2) in the injection molding method, the curing and molding time of the large-thickness organic glass is long, and the large-thickness organic glass is greatly influenced by temperature; in addition, in the curing process, the phenomenon of water leakage or implosion caused by slow heat conduction due to poor tightness of the tool is easy to occur, and multiple bubbles, breakage and cracking are easy to form.
Disclosure of Invention
The applicant aims at the defects in the prior art and provides the large-thickness spherical organic glass integral injection molding tool and the large-thickness spherical organic glass integral injection molding method which are reasonable in structure, so that the large-thickness spherical organic glass integral injection molding is realized, the integral molding of the manned cabin of the large-depth manned submersible is greatly assisted, the large-depth manned submersible is simple, convenient and practical, the disassembly and the repeated use are convenient, and the practicability is good.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the integral injection molding tool for the large-thickness spherical organic glass comprises a carrier, wherein an outer mold with an upward opening is fixedly arranged in the carrier, and an inner mold with an upward opening is arranged in the outer mold in a spacing sleeve manner; the outer mold and the inner mold are both of spherical shell structures and are concentrically arranged, and organic glass prepolymer is injected between the intervals of the outer mold and the inner mold; flowing cooling water is filled between the outer die and the carrier interval and in the inner die respectively.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution:
the top opening ends of the outer mold and the inner mold are jointly provided with a cover plate with an annular structure, and the inner mold is connected and installed with the outer mold through the cover plate; two or more through holes are formed in the cover plate, an injection molding pipe is installed at one or more through holes, organic glass prepolymer is injected into the space between the inner mold and the outer mold through the injection molding pipe, and the rest through holes are used for ventilation of the space.
The outer mold and the inner mold are overlapped in spherical center, and an interval with consistent thickness is formed between the outer mold and the inner mold; the opening at the top of the inner die extends upwards to form a cylindrical part, and the top end of the cylindrical part is attached to the cover plate and locked.
The inner mold is formed by splicing an even number of same mold halves along the circumferential direction, adjacent mold halves are locked by fasteners, one ends of the mold halves are locked with the cover plate together, and the other ends of the mold halves are provided with spherical crown bodies together; a sealing gasket is pressed between the mutually jointed mould sections, and a sealing ring is pressed at the joint of the mould sections and the spherical crown body; and the outer wall surface of the inner mold is also integrally coated with a high-temperature resistant film.
The structure of a single mold half is: the spherical valve comprises a spherical valve piece, a cylindrical valve piece is bent and extended from the spherical valve piece, and an inner flange edge is bent and extended inwards along the edges of the spherical valve piece and the cylindrical valve piece; the inner flange edges of adjacent mould sections are mutually attached and locked.
And pull rings are arranged on the inner wall surfaces of the single mold halves, and the mold release assemblies are installed together by the pull rings of the mold halves which are arranged oppositely.
The outer mold is formed by splicing two hemispherical structures which are arranged oppositely; the edge of a single hemispherical structure is bent outwards to extend to form an outer flange, and the outer flange of the two hemispherical structures are mutually attached and locked by a fastener.
A plurality of inner water inlet pipes and a plurality of inner pumping and draining pipes are inserted at the opening of the inner mold along the circumferential direction, the bottom end of each inner pumping and draining pipe extends to the bottom of the inner mold, and the bottom end of each inner water inlet pipe is positioned at the opening of the inner mold; a water pump is arranged at the center of the inner mold sphere;
a plurality of outer water inlet pipes are inserted in the upper parts of the outer mold and the carrier at intervals along the circumferential direction, a plurality of outer water discharge pipes are arranged on the side face of the bottom of the carrier in a communicated mode, and a plurality of water pumps are further arranged on the inner wall face of the carrier.
The carrier is of a square shell structure, a support is mounted on the inner bottom surface of the carrier, the top of the support is of a concave structure matched with the outer wall surface of the outer die, and the outer die is supported on the top of the support;
and temperature sensors are arranged between the outer die and the carrier, between the outer die and the inner die and inside the inner die.
A forming method of the large-thickness spherical organic glass integral injection molding tool comprises the following steps:
preparing an organic glass prepolymer meeting ASME specifications, and preparing a temperature control chamber with the temperature control range of 0-60 ℃;
the spherical crown body and the even number of mould sections are locked and assembled into an inner mould through fasteners, and a high-temperature resistant film is laid on the outer wall surface of the inner mould; an assembled outer mold is sleeved outside the inner mold, and cover plates are locked at the openings of the outer mold and the inner mold to form inner and outer spheres which are mutually spaced;
fixedly placing the inner and outer spheres in a carrier, and enabling the cover plate to be positioned at the top;
circulating systems of cooling water are respectively distributed between the carrier and the outer die and inside the inner die;
quickly injecting organic glass prepolymer between the interval of the outer mold and the interval of the inner mold through an injection molding pipe, integrally solidifying in an integral pouring mode, and simultaneously circulating cooling water in a circulating pipeline, wherein the temperature of the cooling water is kept at 60-70 ℃;
after the injection molding is finished, gradually reducing the holding temperature of the cooling water to room temperature in the curing process; continuously circulating cooling water until the organic glass prepolymer is solidified and formed into spherical organic glass;
and (3) disassembling the forming tool: removing cooling water and dismantling the carrier;
the thermal expansion effect of the organic glass is fully utilized, the external mold and the internal mold which are solidified and formed with the spherical organic glass are integrally moved into a temperature control chamber, the ambient room temperature is kept at 0-10 ℃, and the external mold is removed;
keeping the ambient temperature of a temperature control chamber at 50-60 ℃, installing a demoulding assembly between the mould halves arranged oppositely to the inner mould, and after loosening the corresponding fasteners, enabling the two mould halves to move oppositely through the demoulding assembly to realize demoulding;
and processing the spherical organic glass by adopting machining and annealing processes to obtain the full-through manned cabin. .
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention has compact and reasonable structure and convenient operation, the inner mold and the outer mold which are arranged at intervals form a formed cavity, and the space between the outer mold and the carrier and the inside of the inner mold are used as the circulating space of cooling water, thereby realizing the integral forming of the large-thickness spherical organic glass, realizing the temperature control through the synchronous heat conduction of the inner wall and the outer wall, and greatly helping the integral forming of the manned cabin of the large-depth manned submersible; the integral injection molding tool is simple, convenient and practical, is convenient to disassemble, assemble and reuse, and has good practicability;
the invention also comprises the following advantages:
the inner mold is of a multi-petal structure, so that the integral forming of a sphere by matching with the outer mold is realized, the use of the multi-petal structure is combined with the control of the environmental temperature of a temperature control chamber, the demolding and the nondestructive taking out after the demolding are facilitated, and the repeated use is realized; the mold sections are arranged in an even number, so that the use of a demolding structure is facilitated, and the smooth demolding of the mold sections is assisted;
the sealing gasket and the sealing ring form a watertight structure when the inner mold is assembled, and the high-temperature resistant film on the outer wall surface after the assembly is used as redundant sealing of the inner mold to form double-channel sealing.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the inner mold and the outer mold of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is an exploded view of fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a partially enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a single mold half of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a partially enlarged view of fig. 5 at B.
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of inner mold stripping according to the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the construction of the stripper assembly of the present invention.
Wherein: 1. an outer drainage pipe; 2. a support; 3. a carrier; 4. outer mold; 5. an inner mold; 6. an organic glass prepolymer; 7. a temperature sensor; 8. an outer water inlet pipe; 9. a cover plate; 10. injection molding a tube; 11. an inner water inlet pipe; 12. an internal pumping drainage pipe; 13. a small seal ring; 14. a large seal ring; 15. a water pump; 16. a gasket;
41. an outer flange edge;
51. a mold half; 52. a spherical crown body; 53. a demolding component;
511. spherical petals; 512. an inner flange edge; 513. a cylindrical flap; 514. a pull ring;
531. a middleware; 532. a side lever; 533. pulling a hook;
91. and a through hole.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention refers to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the overall injection molding tool for large-thickness spherical organic glass in the embodiment comprises a carrier 3, an outer mold 4 with an upward opening is fixedly arranged in the carrier 3, and an inner mold 5 with an upward opening is sleeved inside the outer mold 4 at intervals; the outer mold 4 and the inner mold 5 are both spherical shell structures and are concentrically arranged, and organic glass prepolymer 6 is injected between the intervals of the outer mold 4 and the inner mold 5; flowing cooling water with controllable temperature is respectively filled between the outer die 4 and the carrier 3 and inside the inner die 5; the inner mold 5 and the outer mold 4 which are arranged at intervals form a formed cavity, and the interval between the outer mold 4 and the carrier 3 and the inside of the inner mold 5 are used as the circulating space of cooling water, so that the integral forming of the large-thickness spherical organic glass is realized, and the temperature control is realized through the synchronous heat conduction of the inner wall and the outer wall.
In this embodiment, the flowing cooling water not only has a cooling function, but also has a heat preservation function.
In this embodiment, the inner diameter of the outer mold 4 and the outer diameter of the inner mold 5 are respectively consistent with the outer diameter and the inner diameter of the spherical organic glass.
The top opening ends of the outer mold 4 and the inner mold 5 are jointly provided with a cover plate 9 with an annular structure, and the inner mold 5 is connected and installed with the outer mold 4 through the cover plate 9;
in this embodiment, corresponding small sealing rings 13 are respectively press-fitted between the cover plate 9 and the outer mold 4 and the inner mold 5 to ensure the connection tightness.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, two or more through holes 91 are formed in the cover plate 9, an injection molding pipe 10 is installed at one or more through holes 91, organic glass prepolymer 6 is injected into the space between the inner mold 5 and the outer mold 4 through the injection molding pipe 10, and the rest through holes 91 are used for ventilation of the space.
The spherical centers of the external mold 4 and the internal mold 5 are superposed, and a gap with consistent thickness is formed between the external mold 4 and the internal mold 5; the opening at the top of the inner mold 5 extends upwards to form a cylindrical part, and the top end of the cylindrical part is attached and locked with the cover plate 9.
The inner mold 5 is formed by splicing an even number of same mold halves 51 along the circumferential direction, adjacent mold halves 51 are locked by fasteners, one ends of the mold halves 51 are locked with the cover plate 9 together, and the other ends of the mold halves 51 are provided with spherical cap bodies 52 together; the sealing gasket 16 is pressed between the mutually jointed mould halves 51, and the sealing ring is also pressed at the joint of the mould halves 51 and the spherical crown body 52, so that the water tightness of the inner mould 5 is reliably ensured; the outer wall surface of the inner mold 5 is also integrally coated with a high temperature resistant film.
In this embodiment, the gasket 16 and the sealing ring form a watertight structure when the inner mold 5 is assembled, and the high temperature resistant film on the outer wall surface after assembly forms a double seal by serving as a redundant seal of the inner mold 5.
The inner mold 5 is of a multi-petal structure, so that the spherical shape is integrally formed by matching with the outer mold 4, the multi-petal structure is convenient for demolding and nondestructive taking out after demolding, and the multi-petal structure can be repeatedly used; the even number of mould halves 51 is convenient for the use of demoulding structure, and helps the smooth demoulding of the mould halves 51.
As shown in fig. 5, the structure of a single mold half 51 is: the spherical flap 511 is bent and extended to form a cylindrical flap 513, and an inner flange 512 is bent and extended inwards along the edges of the spherical flap 511 and the cylindrical flap 513; the inner flange edges 512 of adjacent mold halves 51 are in abutting locking engagement with each other.
The inner wall surfaces of the individual mold halves 51 are provided with pull tabs 514, and the mold release assemblies 53 are mounted in cooperation with the pull tabs 514 of the opposing mold halves 51, as shown in fig. 6 and 7.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 8, the structure of the demolding assembly 53 is: the mold comprises an intermediate member 531, side bars 532 are respectively screwed and arranged at two ends of the intermediate member 531, drag hooks 533 are respectively fixedly arranged at the ends of the side bars 532 at the two ends, and the drag hooks 533 are assembled with corresponding drag rings 514 at the inner side of a mold half 51 of an inner mold 5; the middle part 531 is provided with threads with opposite rotation directions, which are respectively matched with the side bars 532, and the side bars 532 on the two sides synchronously extend outwards or retract inwards by the rotation of the middle part 531.
The outer mold 4 is formed by splicing two opposite hemispherical structures; the edges of the single hemispherical structures are bent outwards to form outer flange edges 41, as shown in fig. 4, the outer flange edges 41 of the two hemispherical structures are mutually jointed and locked by a fastener.
In this embodiment, the large sealing ring 14 is fitted between the two outer flange edges 41 of the hemispherical structure; the large sealing ring 14 is of a U-shaped structure which is profiled with the outer flange edge 41, so that the water tightness of the outer die 4 is ensured.
A plurality of inner water inlet pipes 11 and a plurality of inner pumping and draining pipes 12 are inserted at the opening of the inner mold 5 along the circumferential direction, the bottom ends of the inner pumping and draining pipes 12 extend to the bottom of the inner mold 5, and the bottom ends of the inner water inlet pipes 11 are positioned at the opening of the inner mold 5; the water pump 15 is arranged at the spherical center of the inner mold 5, and the water temperature inside the inner mold 5 is ensured to be uniform by promoting the flow of water flow inside the inner mold;
a plurality of outer water inlet pipes 8 are inserted at the upper part of the interval between the outer mold 4 and the carrier 3 along the circumferential direction, a plurality of outer water discharge pipes 1 are arranged on the side surface of the bottom of the carrier 3 in a communicating manner, and a plurality of water pumps 15 are also arranged on the inner wall surface of the carrier 3, so that water flows and exchanges, and the water temperature is ensured to be uniform.
The drain pipe is located the below of inlet tube to the drain pipe is located the bottom, thereby the helping hand is in the reliable circulation flow of cooling water, makes the heat can be taken out smoothly, and the helping hand is in the solidification cooling of guaranteeing organic glass.
The carrier 3 is of a square shell structure, the support 2 is installed on the inner bottom surface of the carrier 3, the top of the support 2 is of a concave structure matched with the outer wall surface of the outer die 4, and the outer die 4 is supported on the top of the support 2 to realize the bearing and fixing of the outer die 4;
In the embodiment, the inner mold 5 and the outer mold 4 are made of aluminum alloy, so that the overall structural strength of the tool is effectively ensured, and heat generated by organic glass solidification can be timely conducted into flowing cooling water through the excellent heat absorption and heat conduction performance of the tool;
in this embodiment, the carrier 3 is a transparent case made of inorganic glass, and is used for observing the internal conditions in real time, and at the same time, it serves as a container for loading the outer mold 4 equipped with the inner mold 5 and cooling water.
The forming method of the large-thickness spherical organic glass integral injection molding tool comprises the following steps:
preparing an organic glass prepolymer 6 meeting ASME specifications, and preparing a temperature control chamber with the temperature control range of 0-60 ℃;
combining the spherical crown body 52 with the even number of mould sections 51, combining the sealing gasket 16 and the sealing ring to form the inner mould 5 through the locking of a fastener, and laying a high-temperature resistant film on the outer wall surface of the inner mould 5; the outer die 4 is sleeved outside the inner die 5, cover plates 9 are locked at openings of the outer die 4 and the inner die 5 to form inner and outer spheres which are spaced from each other, and temperature sensors 7 are distributed in the inner die 5 and between the inner die 5 and the outer die 4;
the inner sphere and the outer sphere are fixedly placed in the carrier 3, supported and limited by the support 2 on the inner bottom surface of the carrier 3, the cover plate 9 is positioned at the top, and the temperature sensor 7 is distributed in the carrier 3;
circulating systems of cooling water are respectively arranged between the carrier 3 and the outer die 4 and the inner die 5, and water pumps 15 are respectively arranged in the inner die 5, the outer die 4 and the carrier 3;
quickly injecting an organic glass prepolymer 6 between the outer mold 4 and the inner mold 5 through an injection molding pipe 10, integrally solidifying in an integral pouring mode to ensure the uniform wall thickness of the spherical shell and the physical properties of materials, and simultaneously circulating cooling water in a circulating pipeline, wherein the temperature of the cooling water is kept at 60-70 ℃;
after the injection molding is finished, gradually reducing the holding temperature of the cooling water to room temperature in the curing process; continuously circulating cooling water until the organic glass prepolymer 6 is solidified and formed into spherical organic glass;
and (3) disassembling the forming tool: removing the cooling water and removing the carrier 3;
the thermal expansion effect of the organic glass is fully utilized, the external mold 4 and the internal mold 5 which are solidified and molded with the spherical organic glass are integrally moved into a temperature control chamber, the ambient room temperature is kept at 0-10 ℃, and the external mold 4 is removed;
keeping the ambient temperature of the temperature control chamber at 50-60 ℃, installing a demoulding component 53 between the mould halves 51 oppositely arranged on the inner mould 5, and after loosening corresponding fasteners, enabling the two mould halves 51 to move oppositely through the demoulding component 53 to realize demoulding;
in this embodiment, the formula for calculating the variation of the organic glass material caused by thermal expansion and cold contraction is as follows:
Δl＝l×α1×ΔT
wherein, delta l is the variation of the material caused by expansion with heat and contraction with cold, and l is the length of the material; alpha is alpha1Is the linear expansion coefficient of the material, and delta T is the variation of temperature;
and processing the spherical organic glass by adopting machining and annealing processes to obtain the full-through manned cabin.
Organic glass is used as a pressure-resistant structural material of the full-through manned cabin, and is greatly influenced by expansion with heat and contraction with cold in an external temperature environment due to the viscoelasticity performance of the organic glass.
In the present embodiment, in the demolding process, the thermal expansion and the cold contraction of the manned ball are controlled by controlling the ambient room temperature, so that the manned ball loosens with the external mold 4 and the internal mold 5 by means of the thermal expansion and the cold contraction, and effective demolding is formed by means of the external force action of the turnbuckle, i.e., the demolding component 53.
In this embodiment, after the large-thickness spherical organic glass is formed, the other features on the manned bulkhead surface, such as the formation of the tapered hole, are formed by machining.
The integral injection molding tool is compact in structure, simple, convenient and practical, convenient to disassemble, assemble and reuse, good in practicability, capable of greatly assisting in integral molding of the manned cabin of the large-depth manned submersible, high in molding reliability, and high in safety of organic glass in the curing process due to the arrangement of redundant sealing and temperature control.
The above description is intended to be illustrative and not restrictive, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims, which may be modified in any manner within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a whole injection moulding frock of spherical organic glass of major thickness which characterized in that: the device comprises a carrier (3), an outer die (4) with an upward opening is fixedly arranged in the carrier (3), and an inner die (5) with an upward opening is sleeved in the outer die (4) at intervals; the outer mold (4) and the inner mold (5) are both spherical shell structures and are concentrically arranged, and organic glass prepolymer (6) is injected between the intervals of the outer mold (4) and the inner mold (5); flowing cooling water is respectively filled between the outer die (4) and the carrier (3) and inside the inner die (5).
2. The integral injection molding tool for large-thickness spherical organic glass as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the top opening ends of the outer mold (4) and the inner mold (5) are jointly provided with a cover plate (9) with an annular structure, and the inner mold (5) is connected with the outer mold (4) through the cover plate (9); two or more through holes (91) are formed in the cover plate (9), an injection molding pipe (10) is installed at one or more through holes (91), the organic glass prepolymer (6) is injected into the space between the inner mold (5) and the outer mold (4) through the injection molding pipe (10), and the rest through holes (91) are used for ventilation of the space.
3. The integral injection molding tool for large-thickness spherical organic glass according to claim 2, characterized in that: the spherical centers of the external mold (4) and the internal mold (5) are overlapped, and intervals with consistent thickness are formed between the external mold (4) and the internal mold (5); the opening at the top of the inner die (5) extends upwards to form a cylindrical part, and the top end of the cylindrical part is attached to the cover plate (9) and locked.
4. The integral injection molding tool for large-thickness spherical organic glass according to claim 2, characterized in that: the inner die (5) is formed by splicing an even number of same die halves (51) along the circumferential direction, adjacent die halves (51) are locked by fasteners, one ends of the die halves (51) are locked with the cover plate (9) together, and spherical cap bodies (52) are mounted at the other ends of the die halves (51) together; a sealing gasket (16) is pressed between the mutually jointed mould halves (51), and a sealing ring is pressed at the joint of the mould halves (51) and the spherical crown body (52); the outer wall surface of the inner mold (5) is integrally laid with a high temperature resistant film.
5. The integral injection molding tool for large-thickness spherical organic glass according to claim 4, characterized in that: the structure of the single mould half (51) is as follows: the spherical valve comprises a spherical valve piece (511), the spherical valve piece (511) is bent and extended to form a cylindrical valve piece (513), and an inner flange edge (512) is bent and extended inwards along the edges of the spherical valve piece (511) and the cylindrical valve piece (513); the inner flange edges (512) of adjacent mold halves (51) are mutually attached and locked.
6. The integral injection molding tool for large-thickness spherical organic glass according to claim 4, characterized in that: and pull rings (514) are arranged on the inner wall surfaces of the single mold halves (51), and the pull rings (514) of the mold halves (51) are oppositely arranged to jointly install the demolding assemblies (53).
7. The integral injection molding tool for large-thickness spherical organic glass according to claim 1, characterized in that: the outer mold (4) is formed by splicing two oppositely arranged hemispherical structures; the edge of a single hemispherical structure is bent outwards to extend an outer flange edge (41), and the outer flange edges (41) of the two hemispherical structures are mutually attached and locked by a fastener.
8. The integral injection molding tool for large-thickness spherical organic glass according to claim 1, characterized in that: a plurality of inner water inlet pipes (11) and a plurality of inner water pumping and draining pipes (12) are inserted into the opening of the inner mold (5) along the circumferential direction, the bottom ends of the inner water pumping and draining pipes (12) extend to the bottom of the inner mold (5), and the bottom ends of the inner water inlet pipes (11) are positioned at the opening of the inner mold (5); a water pump (15) is arranged at the spherical center of the inner mold (5);
a plurality of outer water inlet pipes (8) are inserted in the upper parts of the outer die (4) and the carrier (3) at intervals along the circumferential direction, a plurality of outer drainage pipes (1) are installed on the side face of the bottom of the carrier (3) in a communicated mode, and a plurality of water pumps (15) are further installed on the inner wall face of the carrier (3).
9. The integral injection molding tool for large-thickness spherical organic glass according to claim 1, characterized in that: the carrier (3) is of a square shell structure, the support (2) is installed on the inner bottom surface of the carrier (3), the top of the support (2) is of a concave structure matched with the outer wall surface of the outer die (4), and the outer die (4) is supported on the top of the support (2);
and temperature sensors (7) are arranged between the outer die (4) and the carrier (3) at intervals, between the outer die (4) and the inner die (5) at intervals and inside the inner die (5).
10. The forming method of the large-thickness spherical organic glass integral injection molding tool of claim 6 is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
preparing an organic glass prepolymer (6) meeting ASME specifications, and preparing a temperature control chamber with the temperature control range of 0-60 ℃;
the spherical crown body (52) and an even number of mould sections (51) are locked and assembled by fasteners to form an inner mould (5), and a high-temperature resistant film is laid on the outer wall surface of the inner mould (5); an assembled outer die (4) is sleeved outside the inner die (5), and cover plates (9) are locked at openings of the outer die (4) and the inner die (5) to form inner and outer spheres which are spaced from each other; the inner sphere and the outer sphere are fixedly placed in the carrier (3), and the cover plate (9) is positioned at the top;
circulating systems of cooling water are respectively distributed between the carrier (3) and the outer die (4) and inside the inner die (5);
quickly injecting an organic glass prepolymer (6) between the intervals of the outer mold (4) and the inner mold (5) through an injection molding pipe (10), integrally solidifying by adopting an integral casting mode, and simultaneously circulating cooling water in a circulating pipeline, wherein the temperature of the cooling water is kept at 60-70 ℃;
after the injection molding is finished, gradually reducing the holding temperature of the cooling water to room temperature in the curing process; continuously circulating cooling water until the organic glass prepolymer (6) is solidified and formed into spherical organic glass;
and (3) disassembling the forming tool: removing the cooling water and dismantling the carrier (3);
integrally moving the external mold (4) and the internal mold (5) which are cured and molded with the spherical organic glass into a temperature control chamber, keeping the ambient room temperature at 0-10 ℃, and removing the external mold (4);
keeping the ambient temperature of a temperature control chamber at 50-60 ℃, installing a demoulding assembly (53) between mould halves (51) which are oppositely arranged on an inner mould (5), and after loosening corresponding fasteners, enabling the two mould halves (51) to move oppositely through the demoulding assembly (53) to realize demoulding;
and processing the spherical organic glass by adopting machining and annealing processes to obtain the full-through manned cabin.
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