CN114649788B - 一种防脱落海缆保护实现方法 - Google Patents

一种防脱落海缆保护实现方法 Download PDF

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CN114649788B
CN114649788B CN202210186875.XA CN202210186875A CN114649788B CN 114649788 B CN114649788 B CN 114649788B CN 202210186875 A CN202210186875 A CN 202210186875A CN 114649788 B CN114649788 B CN 114649788B
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submarine cable
protection
traction
protection device
traction rope
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CN114649788A (zh
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张美阳
朱嵘华
徐清富
田振亚
胡彬
秦齐
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Guangdong Huayun Offshore Wind Power Technology Co ltd
Huanan Industrial Technology Research Institute of Zhejiang University
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Huanan Industrial Technology Research Institute of Zhejiang University
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D80/00Details, components or accessories not provided for in groups F03D1/00 - F03D17/00
    • F03D80/80Arrangement of components within nacelles or towers
    • F03D80/82Arrangement of components within nacelles or towers of electrical components
    • F03D80/85Cabling
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02GINSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
    • H02G1/00Methods or apparatus specially adapted for installing, maintaining, repairing or dismantling electric cables or lines
    • H02G1/06Methods or apparatus specially adapted for installing, maintaining, repairing or dismantling electric cables or lines for laying cables, e.g. laying apparatus on vehicle
    • H02G1/10Methods or apparatus specially adapted for installing, maintaining, repairing or dismantling electric cables or lines for laying cables, e.g. laying apparatus on vehicle in or under water
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02GINSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
    • H02G9/00Installations of electric cables or lines in or on the ground or water
    • H02G9/02Installations of electric cables or lines in or on the ground or water laid directly in or on the ground, river-bed or sea-bottom; Coverings therefor, e.g. tile
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D13/00Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • F03D13/20Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors
    • F03D13/25Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors specially adapted for offshore installation
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16LPIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L57/00Protection of pipes or objects of similar shape against external or internal damage or wear
    • F16L57/02Protection of pipes or objects of similar shape against external or internal damage or wear against cracking or buckling
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02GINSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
    • H02G9/00Installations of electric cables or lines in or on the ground or water
    • H02G9/12Installations of electric cables or lines in or on the ground or water supported on or from floats, e.g. in water
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02BHYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B17/00Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
    • E02B2017/0091Offshore structures for wind turbines
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02DFOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/32Foundations for special purposes
    • E02D27/52Submerged foundations, i.e. submerged in open water
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05BINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00Components
    • F05B2240/90Mounting on supporting structures or systems
    • F05B2240/95Mounting on supporting structures or systems offshore

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Electric Cable Installation (AREA)
  • Laying Of Electric Cables Or Lines Outside (AREA)

Abstract

本发明属于一种防脱落海缆保护实现方法,该方法通过海缆保护装置实现海缆保护,具体步骤为:S1将牵引组件、弯曲保护标准段和保护加强段依次连接组装成海缆保护装置,将海缆穿过该海缆保护装置完成装配;S2将牵引组件前端的牵引绳与单桩基础中预埋的预留牵引绳连接,通过牵引设备,将海缆以及海缆保护装置穿过单桩基础的预留孔;S3海缆保护装置和海缆继续前移,直至牵引绳受力提升,无法前进,此时保护加强段后端的挡圈抵在预留孔的外壁,将牵引绳通过卸扣安装在单桩基础上;S4继续牵引预留的牵引绳,将海缆牵引至合适的长度,固定在海缆安装底座上。有效避免海缆保护装置的脱落,保证海缆保护装置的安全使用及海缆过弯曲保护。

Description

一种防脱落海缆保护实现方法
技术领域
本发明属于海上风电工程技术领域,具体涉及到一种防脱落海缆保护实现方法。
背景技术
海底电缆作为海上风电场正常运行的最基本保障,针对容易出现海缆损毁的关键位置,如从海底泥面上至风机基础的弯曲段,涌现出多种海缆保护方案,目前用于无J形管的开孔单桩基础,一般采用带卡齿的弯曲限制器。直至目前,这些海缆保护装置在实际运行过程中,均发生不同程度的损毁事故,如防弯段的哈夫结构在安装和使用过程中断裂、脱落等,导致整个弯曲限制器脱落失效;此外,由于这类弯曲限制器与风机基础非刚性连接,在长期的波、浪、流往复循环作用下,整个装置容易从风机基础上脱落,导致保护装置失效。
发明内容
为了弥补现有技术的不足,本发明设计提供一种结构简单,安装方便,且安全有效的一种防脱落海缆保护实现方法的技术方案。
所述的一种防脱落海缆保护实现方法,该方法通过海缆保护装置实现海缆保护,所述海缆保护装置包括牵引组件、弯曲保护标准段和保护加强段,具体步骤为:
S1将牵引组件、弯曲保护标准段和保护加强段依次连接组装成海缆保护装置,将海缆穿过该海缆保护装置完成装配;
S2将牵引组件前端的牵引绳与单桩基础中预埋的预留牵引绳连接,启动单桩基础的牵引设备,将海缆以及海缆保护装置穿过单桩基础的预留孔;
S3牵引设备继续作用,海缆保护装置和海缆继续前移,直至牵引绳受力提升,无法前进,此时保护加强段后端的挡圈抵在预留孔的外壁,将牵引绳通过U型卸扣安装在单桩基础上;
S4继续牵引预留牵引绳,将海缆牵引至合适的长度后,安装固定在海缆安装底座上。
进一步的,所述挡圈的孔径大于所述预留孔的孔径,使保护加强段无法完全穿过预留孔。
进一步的,保护加强段外壁包覆设置强聚氨酯,内部设置加强纤维和/或钢丝,用于加强保护加强段的受力性能。
进一步的,所述保护加强段设置预留长度,使保护加强段从预留孔中插入到单桩基础内部一定距离,以避免安装过程中海缆的过弯曲。
进一步的,海缆安装底座设置在单桩基础的顶部,海缆通过牵引设备移动至海缆安装底座后固定安装在海缆安装底座上。
进一步的,海缆安装底座上设置有固定法兰盘,U型卸扣通过固定法兰盘安装在海缆安装底座上,牵引绳连接在U型卸扣上。
与现有技术相比,本发明有以下优点:
既可有效避免哈夫结构断裂、脱落,也可有效避免整个保护装置从风机基础上脱落,保证海缆保护装置的安全有效使用;另一方面,该海缆保护装置零部件少,安装方便快携;最后,采用该防脱落海缆保护装置拆卸方便,便于自身及海缆的后期运营维护。
附图说明
图1为本发明保护方法的流程图;
图2为本发明保护装置的安装示意图;
图3为本发明保护装置的安装后剖面图;
图4为海缆安装底座的安装结构示意图;
图5为海缆安装底座安装后剖面图;
图6为固定法兰盘结构示意图;
图7为牵引接头结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步说明。
如图1-7所示,一种防脱落海缆保护实现方法,该方法通过海缆保护装置实现海缆保护,海缆保护装置包括牵引组件1、弯曲保护标准段2和保护加强段3,具体步骤为:
S1将牵引组件1、弯曲保护标准段2和保护加强段3依次连接组装成海缆保护装置,将海缆5穿过该海缆保护装置完成装配;
S2将牵引组件1前端的牵引绳101与单桩基础4中预埋的预留牵引绳连接,启动单桩基础的牵引设备,将海缆5以及海缆保护装置穿过单桩基础4的预留孔401;
S3牵引设备继续作用,海缆保护装置和海缆继续前移,直至牵引绳受力提升,无法前进,此时保护加强段3后端的挡圈301抵在预留孔401的外壁,将牵引绳通过U型卸扣7安装在单桩基础上。挡圈301的孔径大于预留孔401的孔径,使保护加强段3无法完全穿过预留孔401;
S4继续牵引预留的牵引绳,将海缆牵引至合适的长度后,安装固定在海缆安装底座上。
保护加强段3外壁包覆设置强聚氨酯,内部设置加强纤维和/或钢丝,用于加强保护加强段的受力性能。保护加强段3设置预留长度,保护加强段3从预留孔中插入到单桩基础内部,向弯曲保护标准段2的前端延伸但不超过弯曲保护标准段2。
单桩基础的顶部内平台设置海缆安装底座6,海缆通过牵引设备移动至海缆安装底座6后固定安装在海缆安装底座6上。海缆安装底座6上设置有固定法兰盘601,U型卸扣7通过固定法兰盘601安装在海缆安装底座6上,牵引绳连接在U型卸扣7上。
结合图2-7对海缆保护装置的结构进一步说明,防脱落海缆保护装置用于单桩基础4,顶部内设的安装平台402,安装平台402上设置有海缆安装底座6,单桩基础4的侧壁上设置有预留孔401,预留孔401中设置有保护加强段3,保护加强段3前端安装有弯曲保护标准段2,海缆5穿过保护加强段3及弯曲保护标准段2后连接至海缆安装底座6,弯曲保护标准段2的端部设置有牵引接头102,牵引接头102上固定设置有牵引绳101,牵引绳101的另一端固定设置在海缆安装底座6上。保护加强段3的端部设置有挡圈801。牵引接头102固定套接在弯曲保护标准段2的端部,顶端设置有凸起结构,在凸起结构上设置有连接孔,牵引绳101于连接孔固定连接。
保护加强段3的内部设置有加强纤维或者钢丝,用于加强保护加强段3的受力性能。保护加强段3的外壁上包覆设置有一定耐磨性及韧性高强聚氨酯材料形成聚氨酯层,保护加强段3的孔径大于预留孔401的孔径。在外力作用下可一定程度的压缩,最终通过单桩基础4上的预留孔401,并与预留孔的内壁形成一定的固定摩擦力。针对固定在安装平台2上的牵引绳101在长期的拉力作用下,可能出现延展情况,保护加强段3留有一定的穿孔长度,即保护加强段3向单桩基础内腔中延伸,以适应牵引绳101的延展。
海缆安装底座6的上侧固定设置有固定法兰盘601,固定法兰盘601装配设置有U型卸扣7,牵引绳101连接在U型卸扣7上。固定法兰盘601上环状分布设置多组安装槽602,安装槽602中设置有限位块603,限位块603靠近固定法兰盘601内圈设置,U型卸扣7装配在安装槽602中。
防脱落海缆保护装置呈整体设计,可有效避免传统避免哈夫结构断裂、脱落等问题;采用牵引绳固定海缆保护装置,可有效避免海缆保护装置的脱落,保证海缆保护装置的安全使用及海缆过弯曲保护;海缆保护装置零部件少,安装方便快捷;整个装置可拆卸,维护方便。
使用时,先在海缆敷设船上将牵引绳101、牵引接头102、保护加强段3以及弯曲保护标准段2装配好;然后将牵引绳101与预埋在单桩基础4的预留牵引绳101连接。再通过单桩基础4的牵引设备将整个海缆保护装置穿过单桩的预留孔401,安装至预设位置。当牵引绳101受力提高,且无法前进时,保护加强段3端部的挡圈801抵至预留孔401孔外壁时,将牵引绳101通过U形U型卸扣7及固定法兰盘601固定至单桩内平台2的海缆安装底座6上。

Claims (3)

1.一种防脱落海缆保护实现方法,其特征在于该方法通过海缆保护装置实现海缆保护,所述海缆保护装置包括牵引组件(1)、弯曲保护标准段(2)和保护加强段(3),具体步骤为:
S1将牵引组件(1)、弯曲保护标准段(2)和保护加强段(3)依次连接组装成海缆保护装置,将海缆(5)穿过该海缆保护装置完成装配;
S2将牵引组件(1)前端的牵引绳(101)与单桩基础(4)中预埋的预留牵引绳连接,启动单桩基础的牵引设备,将海缆(5)以及海缆保护装置穿过单桩基础(4)的预留孔(401);
S3牵引设备继续作用,海缆保护装置和海缆继续前移,直至牵引绳受力提升,无法前进,此时保护加强段(3)后端的挡圈(301)抵在预留孔(401)的外壁,将牵引绳通过U型卸扣(7)安装在单桩基础上;海缆安装底座(6)设置在单桩基础(4)的顶部,海缆安装底座(6)上设置有固定法兰盘(601),U型卸扣(7)通过固定法兰盘(601)安装在海缆安装底座(6)上,牵引绳(101)连接在U型卸扣(7)上;固定法兰盘(601)上环状分布设置多组安装槽(602),安装槽(602)中设置有限位块(603),限位块(603)靠近固定法兰盘(601)内圈设置,U型卸扣(7)装配在安装槽(602)中;所述挡圈(301)的孔径大于所述预留孔(401)的孔径,使保护加强段(3)无法完全穿过预留孔(401);
S4继续牵引预留牵引绳,将海缆(5)牵引至合适的长度后,安装固定在海缆安装底座(6)上,海缆(5)通过牵引设备移动至海缆安装底座(6)后固定安装在海缆安装底座(6)上。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种防脱落海缆保护实现方法,其特征在于保护加强段(3)外壁包覆设置强聚氨酯,内部设置加强纤维和/或钢丝,用于加强保护加强段的受力性能。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种防脱落海缆保护实现方法,其特征在于所述保护加强段(3)设置预留长度,使保护加强段(3)从预留孔(401)中插入到单桩基础(4)内部一定距离,以避免安装过程中海缆(5)的过弯曲。
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